JPH10266386A - Interior material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide interior material excellent in sound-proofness and sound absorption and suitable for a railway vehicle by compressing and forming porous material, making material of lower rigidity than a metallic plate, and laminating a ventilating decorative layer. SOLUTION: A decorative layer 2 having ventilation through a metallic net 3 is laminated on one face 1a of a base 1, and a metal foil 4 is stuck on the other face 1b to form interior material A. The base 1 is made a board compressing and forming mineral fiber such as glass wool and rock wool, since it is low rigid as compared with a metallic plate, it is difficult to vibrate for vibration and a sound wave, and radiation sound for an interior space B is significantly reduced. The decorative layer 2 is a sheet composed of nonwoven cloth or cloth such as' glass fiber, and radiation sound and sound generated in the interior space B are easily absorbed. The metallic net 3 cushions local external force, dispersion and absorption are performed in a wide range, the metal foil 4 facilitates attaching execution of the interior material A, and heat is reflected to improve insulation. Thus, the interior material A is suitable for the interior material of a railway vehicle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an interior material for various buildings, and more particularly to an interior material suitable for a railway vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Public vehicles such as railway cars, for example,
Incombustibility is required as an important condition in terms of passenger safety, and lightness is also required in terms of driving performance.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, a conventional railcar is required to have a decorative plate made of a thin plate made of a melamine resin on the surface of a base made of a metal plate. To enhance the design.

[0004] When heat insulating properties are required, a heat insulating material made of glass wool or the like is adhered to the interior of the interior material, or the heat insulating material is built in.

[0005]

For example, an interior material of a railway vehicle, for example, is often transmitted with vibration from a vehicle body or vibrated by the sound pressure of an external sound wave. Due to this, the interior material having the above-described conventional configuration is easily vibrated and emits radiated sound into the vehicle. This seems to be due to the high rigidity of the base material of the conventional interior material.

Further, the conventional interior material has a high hardness and causes sound waves transmitted into the vehicle and sounds generated in the vehicle to reverberate in the vehicle, so that it is easy to fill a vehicle having a limited size. For these reasons, noise in the vehicle is hard to be reduced, which hinders passenger comfort. However, this has not yet been satisfactorily improved.

An object of the present invention is to provide an interior material which is excellent in soundproofing and sound absorbing properties, and can satisfy nonflammability and lightness as required.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the interior material of the present invention comprises a base material made of a material having a lower rigidity than a metal plate.

In such a configuration, even if vibration is applied from the vehicle body to the interior material or vibration due to the sound pressure of an external sound wave, the interior material is less likely to vibrate due to its lower rigidity than the metal plate. The radiated sound emitted to the interior space where the interior is installed can be suppressed. Further, even if the radiated sound suppressed to a small level is emitted to the interior space, the emitted sound can be absorbed again by the base material and attenuated.
Therefore, it is excellent in soundproofing and sound absorbing properties, and the comfort in the interior space can be improved.

When the base material is a board formed by compressing a porous material, and a breathable decorative layer is provided on one side,
Rigidity is greatly reduced compared to a metal plate, making it harder to vibrate even when subjected to vibration from the vehicle body or external sound waves, significantly reducing the radiation sound emitted to the interior space, and the makeup layer is ventilated By having the property, the surface of the base material can be decorated in a desired state without hindering the sound absorbing property of the base material, and it becomes more suitable as an interior material.

When a wire mesh or punching metal is provided between the base material and the decorative layer, when the surface layer is exposed to the interior space and the tip of an umbrella or the like is pressed, the wire mesh or punching metal becomes flexible. Since the decorative layer and the base material are protected by buffering the external force while backing up, the decorative layer and the base material can be prevented from being damaged by the external force, and the durability is improved. In addition, even if each of the base material and the decorative layer does not satisfy the nonflammability due to the heat radiation effect of the wire net, the interior material can be made nonflammable. This interior material is suitable as an interior material for railway vehicles because it is nonflammable and lightweight, and has excellent heat insulation properties and enhances cooling and heating efficiency.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A representative embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

This embodiment is suitable for an interior material of a railway car. As shown in FIG. 1, a surface 1a of a base material 1 made of a material having a lower rigidity than a metal plate is provided on a surface 1a of the base material 1 having air permeability. Layer 2 is provided. When this is used as the interior material A of a railway vehicle, for example, vibration may be applied to the interior material A from a vehicle body (not shown), or vibration may be caused by the sound pressure of an external sound wave.

However, the interior material A is less susceptible to vibration due to the lower rigidity than the metal plate even when such vibration or vibration is present, and emits a radiation sound emitted to the interior space B in which the interior material A is installed. It can be kept small.

Further, even if the suppressed radiated sound is emitted to the interior space B, the decorative layer 2 of the interior material A forms the interior surface 2a so that the emitted radiation sound and vehicle The sound generated in the base material 1
It can be absorbed again into the interior to attenuate it.

[0016] Therefore, it is excellent in soundproofing and sound absorbing properties, and the comfort in the interior space B can be improved.

As the low-rigidity base material 1, for example, a board formed by compressing mineral fibers such as glass wool and rock wool is practical. Rigidity is greatly reduced as compared with a metal plate, and vibration from a vehicle body is reduced. And it is harder to vibrate even when there is an external sound wave, and the radiation sound emitted to the interior space B can be greatly reduced. Satisfies the required strength against pressure and the like, and durability. However, the material that satisfies the required characteristics of the base material 1 is not limited to them, and a material obtained by widely compressing a porous material is preferable.

Further, when the decorative layer 2 is formed of a sheet made of non-woven fabric or woven fabric such as glass fiber, the ventilation characteristics of the decorative layer 2 are based on the sound radiated to the interior space B and the sound generated in the interior space B. Since the material 1 is easily re-absorbed, a decorative surface suitable for the interior can be formed without impairing the characteristics of the substrate 1.

In the present embodiment, a wire mesh 3 is further provided between the base material 1 and the decorative layer 2 as described above. Thus, when the decorative layer 2 is exposed to the interior space B and the tip of an umbrella or the like is pressed, the wire mesh 3 absorbs and absorbs external force while backing up the decorative layer 2 and absorbs the external force. Since the protective layer 1 is protected, the decorative layer 2 and the base material 1 can be prevented from being damaged even by a local external force, and the durability is improved. The wire netting 3 may be a knitted wire or a lath net, and the same effect can be obtained by using a punched metal.

The wire netting 3 and the like need to have strength, elasticity, density, and the like that are sufficient to easily receive and buffer local external forces and absorb and disperse them over a wide area while buffering them. For this purpose, the wire diameter, mesh and the like are appropriately set. As an example, the wire diameter is 0.1 m.
It is preferable from the viewpoint of durability and strength to use those having a mesh of 100 m and a stitch of 100 mesh. In the case of a punched metal, by adjusting the hole diameter and the pitch of the holes, the rigidity and air permeability according to the purpose can be satisfied, and the necessary sound absorbing characteristics of the substrate 1 can be exhibited. In addition, even if each of the base material 1 and the decorative layer 2 does not satisfy the nonflammability, the interior material A can be made nonflammable by the twisting effect of the wire mesh.

The metal foil 4 bonded to the other surface 1b of the substrate 1
Is for protecting the surface of the base material 1 and improving the workability of the mounting work when the interior material A is used.

The interior material A is nonflammable and lightweight, has excellent heat insulation properties and enhances the cooling and heating effect, and is therefore suitable as an interior material for railway vehicles. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is effective when applied as an interior material for other buildings such as buildings, and belongs to the scope of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the other surface 1 of the substrate 1
Since the metal foil 4 is adhered to b, the heat transferred from the interior space B side is reflected to the interior space B side, so that the heat insulation of the interior space B can be improved and the cooling and heating efficiency can be increased. . In order to exhibit such an effect, the metal foil 4 may be made of any material as long as it has a mirror surface, but an aluminum foil is advantageous in terms of cost and the like. It is preferable to direct the light toward the side to be reflected, that is, toward the interior space B. However, in the present invention, such a metal foil 4 is not essential.

The present inventors adopted a glass wool board formed by compressing glass wool as a substrate 1 and a glass wool decorative sheet in which glass wool fibers were woven as a decorative layer 2 as an example of the present embodiment. In each case, two types of interior materials a and b shown in the following table were manufactured by changing the thickness and density of the glass wool board.

[0025]

[Table 1]

The difference between the case where a small room is furnished with each of the interior materials a and b of each of the embodiments and the case where a small room is furnished with the above-described conventional interior material is compared as the difference between the internal noise and the same external noise. The result was as shown in Table 1 and FIG.

As apparent from Table 1 and FIG.
For the same small outdoor noise, the inside / outside noise difference of the conventional interior material is about 4.0 dB (A), but in the case of the interior material a of this embodiment, it is about 13.74.0 dB (A). In the case of the interior material b, there is a large difference of about 7.7 dB (A), and according to the embodiment of the present invention, the noise in the interior space B can be reduced to about 10 dB (A).

[0028]

According to the interior material of the present invention, the base material has lower rigidity than the metal plate even if the interior material is subjected to vibration from the vehicle body or is vibrated by the sound pressure of an external sound wave. It is hard to vibrate only and can reduce the radiated sound emitted to the interior space where the interior material is installed. Even if this suppressed radiated sound is emitted to the interior space, it does not echo the emitted radiation In addition, it can be absorbed into the inside of the base material again and attenuated, so that the sound absorbing property and the sound absorbing property are excellent, and the comfort in the interior space can be improved.

When the base material is formed by compressing a porous material, the rigidity is greatly reduced as compared with a metal plate, and it is harder to vibrate even if there is a vibration from a vehicle body or an external sound wave. Radiated sound emitted into the interior space can be significantly reduced, and if a breathable decorative layer is provided on the surface of the base material, the radiation sound emitted into the interior space and generated inside the interior space due to its ventilation characteristics Various interior surfaces suitable for the intended use can be obtained without efficiently absorbing the sound through the base material and losing the sound absorption and attenuation. In addition, when the base material is formed of mineral fibers such as glass wool and rock wool, it is lightweight, has excellent heat insulating properties and enhances the cooling / heating effect, and is therefore suitable as an interior material for railway vehicles.

If a wire mesh is provided between the base material and the decorative layer, when the decorative layer is exposed to the interior space and the tip of an umbrella or the like is pressed, the wire mesh buffers the decorative layer and absorbs external force. To protect the decorative layer and the base material, so that the decorative layer and the base material can be prevented from being damaged by external force,
The durability is improved.

Even if each of the base material and the decorative layer does not satisfy the nonflammability due to the heat radiation effect of the wire mesh, the interior material can be made nonflammable.

The metal foil bonded to the other surface of the base material protects the surface of the base material and enhances the workability of the installation work when using the interior material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an interior material according to a representative embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a comparison between noise reduction degrees of Examples a and b of the interior material of FIG. 1 and a conventional interior material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 base material 1a one surface 1b other surface 2 decorative layer 3 wire mesh 4 metal foil

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI G10K 11/16 G10K 11/16 D 11/162 A

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An interior material comprising a base material made of a material having a lower rigidity than a metal plate. 2. The interior material according to claim 1, wherein the base material is a board formed of a porous material, and a ventilation layer is provided on one surface. 3. The interior material according to claim 2, wherein a wire mesh or a punched metal is provided between the base material and the decorative layer. 4. The interior material according to claim 2, wherein a metal foil is attached to the other surface of the base material.