KR102273703B1 - Electric vehicle charge control system - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric vehicle charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor for controlling and monitoring the charging of an electric vehicle battery through communication with a charger (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment: EVSE) while managing the state of the electric vehicle battery Estimate the state of charge (SOC) and remaining life (SOH) based on the state of charge control device and the state information of the electric vehicle battery received from the charge control device, and the failure of the electric vehicle battery Including a server for diagnosing whether or not, the processor may be configured as one piece of hardware.

Description

Electric vehicle charging control system {ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGE CONTROL SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle charging control system, and more particularly, a charging control device in which a battery management system (BMS) and an electric vehicle communication controller (EVCC) of an electric vehicle are integrated into one hardware. It relates to an electric vehicle charging control system that enhances electric vehicle charging efficiency, security, and vehicle user convenience using

In general, the built-in Battery Management System (BMS) to manage the battery status of electric vehicles is largely in the form of Master-Pack-Slave or Master-Slave. consists of the form.

The master BMS receives the voltage of the battery cell from the slave BMS or the pack BMS, calculates a state of charge (SOC), and functions as a main relay controller in the actual power transmission process. Since the master BMS does not measure the actual cell voltage or perform cell balancing like the slave BMS, there is no need for a separate BMS chip and is driven by a Real Time Operating System (RTOS).

On the other hand, a communication controller (Electric Vehicle Communication Controller: EVCC) for communication with a charger of an electric vehicle refers to a power line communication (PLC) modem for electric vehicles with a built-in communication standard for rapid and slow charging of electric vehicles. Electric vehicles use EVCC to communicate with chargers, control and monitor charging states, and perform payment or authentication functions.

In general, the components of an electric vehicle are connected by one CAN line, which increases the CAN bus load rate and causes data loss and delay in the CAN communication process. In the process of charging an electric vehicle battery, BMS and EVCC exist as separate modules and operate by exchanging information through CAN communication. not free from the problem of That is, the overhead generated in CAN communication between the BMS and the EVCC existing as a separate configuration causes the charging of the electric vehicle to be interrupted.

In addition, information and messages exchanged with each other during the communication process between the current electric vehicle and the charger are transmitted and received without encryption, so there is a weak security problem. In other words, in the current electric vehicle charging system, there is always a risk of security problems such as damaging the electric vehicle by causing damage or malfunctioning through malicious charging adjustments through hacking on the charger during the charging process.

In addition, the configuration for charging and communication of the currently used electric vehicle does not perform other functions other than communication with the charger. However, considering that various services are constantly required due to the characteristics of electric vehicles, the configuration for charging and communication of electric vehicles is changing so that various functions can be performed by forming a network with various communication devices as well as chargers. something is needed

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0068126 (2017.06.19)

The present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and currently, a Battery Management System (BMS) and an Electric Vehicle Communication Controller (EVCC), each composed of separate devices, are implemented in one piece of hardware in software. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle charging control system that simplifies the configuration of an electronic control unit (ECU) of an electric vehicle and improves charging efficiency.

In addition, the purpose is to provide an electric vehicle charging control system that can enhance security by encrypting the process of communicating with the electric vehicle and the charger, and provide various electric vehicle communication standards and services that are continuously being developed through the communication network. have.

An electric vehicle charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor for controlling and monitoring the charging of an electric vehicle battery through communication with a charger (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment: EVSE) while managing the state of the electric vehicle battery Estimate the state of charge (SOC) and remaining life (SOH) based on the state of charge control device and the state information of the electric vehicle battery received from the charge control device, and the failure of the electric vehicle battery Including a server for diagnosing whether or not, the processor may be configured as one piece of hardware.

The charging control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a security module for encrypting a communication message between the electric vehicle and the charger and storing the certificate.

The security module according to an embodiment of the present invention transmits a certificate including a pre-stored private key to the server through the charger during initial charging, and transfers a certificate chain generated based on the certificate including the pre-stored private key from the server to the charger You can verify the certificate chain by receiving it through .

The charging control device according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a communication module supporting Ethernet communication for downloading and upgrading firmware of the charging control device.

The state information of the electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may include at least one of a voltage of a battery cell measured by a processor, a temperature of a battery cell, a state of charge value, and a battery manufacturing year.

The server according to an embodiment of the present invention classifies state information of an electric vehicle battery for each type of electric vehicle battery and stores it in a database, and estimates the average value of the state of charge value and the average value of the remaining life value for each electric vehicle battery of the same type. can do.

The processor according to an embodiment of the present invention may correct the state of charge value and the remaining life value of the electric vehicle battery based on the average value of the average value of the state of charge value and the average value of the remaining life value estimated by the server.

The electric vehicle charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a user terminal capable of driving an application for outputting the charge state value of the electric vehicle battery, the remaining life value, and whether the electric vehicle battery is faulty. .

According to the electric vehicle charging control system provided as an embodiment of the present invention, since BMS and EVCC are integrated to simplify the ECU configuration of the electric vehicle, the cost and unit cost for hardware configuration are reduced, and the CAN bus load rate is reduced Thus, charging efficiency can be significantly improved compared to the prior art.

In addition, since BMS and EVCC are integrated to perform AC slow and DC fast charging, which cannot be performed by existing EVCCs, the charging service area can be broadly expanded and debugging points can be unified in case of charging errors.

In addition, since the charging message can be encrypted during the charging process of the electric vehicle and authentication using the private key can be performed, the security can be greatly improved, and the linkage of additional services can be easily performed in the future through the establishment of a network using Ethernet communication. can

1 is a block diagram illustrating an electric vehicle charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional control unit for charging an electric vehicle battery.
3 is a block diagram illustrating a control unit for charging an electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a sequence diagram illustrating a change in a CAN bus load rate of a charging control device according to an embodiment of the present invention compared to the related art.
5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating functions of a processor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 to 7 are conceptual views illustrating an authentication process of a security module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a block diagram illustrating a process of processing battery state information between a charging control device and a server according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Terms used in this specification will be briefly described, and the present invention will be described in detail.

The terms used in the present invention have been selected as currently widely used general terms as possible while considering the functions in the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or precedent of a person skilled in the art, the emergence of new technology, and the like. In addition, in specific cases, there are also terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in this case, the meaning will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding invention. Therefore, the term used in the present invention should be defined based on the meaning of the term and the overall content of the present invention, rather than the name of a simple term.

When a part "includes" a certain element throughout the specification, this means that other elements may be further included, rather than excluding other elements, unless otherwise stated. In addition, terms such as "module" and "unit" described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software. Also, throughout the specification, when a part is "connected" with another part, this includes not only the case of being "directly connected" but also the case of being connected "with another configuration in between".

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily carry out the present invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an electric vehicle charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an electric vehicle charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention receives battery-related information from a charging control device 100 built in an electric vehicle battery and a plurality of charging control devices 100 , The server 200 to be analyzed and the user terminal 300 that can receive various services related to the electric vehicle as well as information related to the electric vehicle battery through communication with the server 200 may be included. The charging control device 100 may perform communication for charging through connection with the charger 400 (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment: EVSE), and the server 200 may manage and control the charger 400 . can

Referring to FIG. 1 , the charging control device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention manages the state of the electric vehicle battery and at the same time controls and monitors the charging of the electric vehicle battery through communication with the charger 400 ( 10) may be included. The processor 10 refers to one hardware configuration in which the functions of a conventional battery management system (BMS) and an electric vehicle communication controller (EVCC) are integrated. That is, the processor 10 may implement the functions of the battery management system and the communication controller in software in one piece of hardware.

For example, the processor 10 configured as one integrated circuit board may control a main relay, overvoltage or overcurrent protection, calculate a state of charge (SOC) and a remaining life (SOH), and the like. It may perform functions of a battery management system. At the same time, the processor 10 controls communication with the charger 400 connected to the electric vehicle to monitor the charging state of the battery, and controls both DC fast charging as well as AC slow charging. can be done In this case, the processor 10 in which the above two functions are integrated may be designed to satisfy ISO/IEC 15118, which is the latest charging communication specification.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the charging control apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a security module 20 for encrypting a communication message between an electric vehicle and a charger 400 and storing a certificate. . The security module 20 simply refers to one encrypted hardware configuration, not a database for storing and managing encryption information. The security module 20 may store a private key and a certificate for encryption in advance when the electric vehicle is manufactured and shipped. As described above, the security module 20 may perform authentication for the charger 400 and the server 200 using the previously stored private key and certificate.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the charging control device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a communication module 30 supporting Ethernet communication for firmware download and upgrade of the charging control device 100 . . That is, the charging control device 100 may be provided with additional services such as firmware download and upgrade for the processor 10 by establishing an Ethernet communication network through the communication module 30 . In addition, since the processor 10 may be interlocked with a unit such as an on-board charger (OBC) constituting the electric vehicle through CAN communication, the charge control device 100 may be configured to be connected to the processor through the communication module 30 . (10) and CAN communication interworking can be provided with additional services for other configurations possible.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the server 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention estimates a state of charge value and a remaining life value based on state information of an electric vehicle battery received from the charge control device 100 , and It is possible to diagnose whether the car battery is faulty. At this time, the state information of the electric vehicle battery generated by the processor 10 may include at least one of a voltage of a battery cell measured by the processor 10 , a temperature of a battery cell, a state of charge value, or a battery manufacturing year. . In addition, the state of charge value and the remaining life value estimated by the server 200 are based on the battery state information collected from a plurality of charge control devices 100 rather than the values calculated by the single charge control device 100 . is an estimated value.

That is, the server 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention analyzes the state information of the battery as in the above-described example, and corrects the charge state value and the remaining life value calculated by the charge control device 100 by itself. value can be estimated. In this way, the correction value estimated by the server 200 (ie, the charging state value and the remaining life value estimated by the server 200) is transmitted to the processor 10 of the charging control device 100, and the charging state value and the remaining life It can be used to correct the lifetime value. In addition, the server 200 compares the state information of the battery received from the specific charge control device 100 with the state information of other batteries pre-stored in the database, and whether the specific battery is currently in a failed state based on the comparison result can be judged

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the user terminal 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention, an application for outputting a state of charge value of an electric vehicle battery, a remaining life value, and whether an electric vehicle battery is faulty may be driven. The user can check the information analyzed in the server 200 by driving the application of the user terminal 300 as well as control the start and end of charging of the electric vehicle. The user terminal 300 for driving the application may be a smart phone, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a desktop PC, a laptop PC, a tablet PC, and the like.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a conventional control unit for charging an electric vehicle battery, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a control unit for charging an electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in a conventional control unit for charging an electric vehicle battery, a battery management system and a communication controller are formed as separate modules. The battery management system and communication controller composed of separate modules transmits and receives about 20 CAN messages at a cycle of 100ms and controls charging of electric vehicles by exchanging charging information and status. However, when the battery management system and the communication controller perform functions through CAN communication as described above, if the CAN communication is not good (i.e. when the CAN bus load rate is increased), a problem such as charging is terminated occurs.

Referring to FIG. 3 , unlike the related art, the control unit for charging an electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the processor 10 in which the battery management system and the communication controller are integrated, thereby solving the above-described problems of the CAN communication method. relieve That is, since one processor 10 simultaneously performs each function of the battery management system and the communication controller, the influence of CAN communication can be minimized and charging efficiency can be increased. In addition, since one processor 10 simultaneously performs each function of the battery management system and the communication controller, it is possible to smoothly perform AC slow charging, which was not performed by the conventional communication controller.

4 is a sequence diagram illustrating a change in the CAN bus load rate of the charging control apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention compared to the related art.

Referring to the sequence diagram on the left of FIG. 4 , the conventional battery management system and the communication controller transmit and receive about 20 CAN communication messages with a cycle of 100 ms. As the charging specification is upgraded, the number of messages to be exchanged between the conventional battery management system and the communication controller will inevitably increase. This inevitably causes overload in message transmission and reception for charging.

On the other hand, referring to the sequence diagram on the right side of FIG. 4 , the charge control device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the processor 10 integrated with the battery management system and the communication controller, so that the CAN bus regardless of the number of messages The load rate can be significantly reduced. That is, since the charger 400 and the processor 10 can directly exchange messages with each other and perform charging without performing separate CAN communication, charging efficiency can be significantly improved compared to the related art.

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating functions of the processor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the functions of the processor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be largely divided into a battery management system function, a communication controller function, and an integrated communication function. The Relay Control block, Voltage & Current block, Protection block, and Diagnosis block displayed on the left side of the processor 10 indicate functions of the battery management system. The HPGP+PLC block, the Actuator block, and the Charging block displayed on the right side of the processor 10 represent the functions of the communication controller. In addition, the Power block and Communication block displayed on the right side of the processor 10 indicate integrated communication functions required in the process of integrating the battery management system and the communication controller. Through such a functional configuration, the functions of the battery management system and the communication controller can be simultaneously performed by one hardware processor 10 .

6 to 7 are conceptual views illustrating an authentication process of the security module 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to (a) of FIG. 6 , the security module 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may store a V2G root certificate, an OEM provisioning certificate, and a private key for message encryption in advance in the step of shipping an electric vehicle. Referring to (b) of FIG. 6 , the security module 20 may transmit a certificate including a pre-stored private key to the server 200 through the charger 400 during initial charging. That is, the security module 20 may deliver the OEM provisioning certificate including the V2G root certificate to the charger 400 , and the certificates delivered to the charger 400 are the server through wireless communication between the charger 400 and the server 200 . (200).

Referring to FIG. 7A , the server 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention may generate a certificate chain based on the OEM provisioning certificate including the V2G root certificate transmitted from the security module 20 . The certificate chain generated by the server 200 may be transmitted to the security module 20 through the charger 400 . Referring to FIG. 7B , the security module 20 may verify the certificate chain delivered from the server 200 based on a certificate including a pre-stored private key. The security module 20 may perform message encryption and decryption in the charging process through this verification process. That is, the security module 20 performs an authentication operation for the charger 400 and the server 200 by using a pre-stored certificate and private key, and through this, the message exchanged during the charging process can be safely protected from external hacking. can

8 is a block diagram illustrating a process of processing battery state information between the charging control apparatus 100 and the server 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the charge control apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery cell voltage, battery cell temperature, charge state value, and battery manufacturing corresponding to battery state information through the processor 10 . The year and state value may be measured and transmitted to the server 200 . In this case, the server 200 may classify the battery state information by battery capacity and manufacturer and store it in the database. That is, the server 200 may classify the state information of the electric vehicle battery for each type of the electric vehicle battery and store it in the database.

Since the state of charge value and the remaining life value may show a slight difference due to chemical characteristics even when the same battery is used for the same period, the server 200 determines the state of charge value for each electric vehicle battery of the same type to correct the difference. The average value of the average value and the residual life value can be estimated. The estimated average value of the charge state value and the remaining life value for each electric vehicle battery of the same type may be transmitted to the charge control device 100 .

Referring to FIG. 8 , the processor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention provides a state of charge value and a remaining life of the electric vehicle battery based on the average value of the state of charge values and the average value of the remaining life values estimated by the server 200 . values can be corrected. That is, the processor 10 of the charging control device 100 recalculates the average value of the charging state value and the remaining life value calculated by itself using the average value of the charging state value and the remaining life value sent from the server 200. By performing the process, you can correct the error. Through this process, the accuracy of the charging state value and the remaining life value calculated by the charging control device 100 may be improved.

The above description of the present invention is for illustration, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a dispersed form, and likewise components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. .

10: processor 20: security module
30: communication module 100: charge control device
200: server 300: user terminal
400: charger

Claims (8)

In the electric vehicle charging control system,
a charge control device including a processor integrated with a battery management system and a communication controller to control and monitor the charging of the electric vehicle battery through communication with a charger (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment: EVSE) while managing the state of the electric vehicle battery;
Estimate a state of charge (SOC) and a remaining life value (SOH) based on the state information of the electric vehicle battery received from the charging control device, and diagnose whether the electric vehicle battery is faulty server to; and
A security module for encrypting and decrypting messages in the charging process between the electric vehicle and the charger and storing the certificate,
The server is
The state information of the electric vehicle battery is classified by type of the electric vehicle battery and stored in a database, the average value of the state of charge value and the average value of the remaining life value are estimated for each electric vehicle battery of the same type, and the average value of the estimated state of charge Correcting the state of charge value and the remaining life value of the electric vehicle battery based on the average value of the remaining life value,
The processor is
The battery management system and the communication controller are integrated into one piece of hardware, and the charging is performed while directly exchanging messages with the charger without performing CAN communication regardless of the number of messages.
delete The method of claim 1,
The security module is
At the time of initial charging, a certificate including a pre-stored private key is transmitted to the server through the charger, and a certificate chain generated based on the certificate including the pre-stored private key is received from the server through the charger, and the certificate chain Electric vehicle charging control system, characterized in that verifying.
The method of claim 1,
The charging control device,
and a communication module supporting Ethernet communication for firmware download and upgrade of the charging control device.
The method of claim 1,
In the state information of the electric vehicle battery,
At least one of a voltage of a battery cell measured by the processor, a temperature of the battery cell, the state of charge value, or a battery manufacturing year is included in the electric vehicle charging control system.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
The electric vehicle charging control system, characterized in that it further comprises a user terminal capable of driving an application for outputting the state of charge value of the electric vehicle battery, the remaining life value, and whether the electric vehicle battery is faulty.

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