KR102254316B1 - Water soluble flame retardant composition for wood and Flame retardant wood - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood and a flame-retardant wood. In particular, during combustion, gaseous radicals are firstly generated before combustion of a base material to block oxygen, and secondary combustion is performed to form a carbon film to suppress the development of combustion. It relates to a water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood and flame-retardant wood, which has excellent flame retardancy, such as, and can be flame-retardantly treated in various ways, and can be flame-retardantly treated at low cost.

Description

Water soluble flame retardant composition for wood and flame retardant wood

The present invention relates to a water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood and a flame-retardant wood. In particular, during combustion, gaseous radicals are firstly generated before combustion of a base material to block oxygen, and secondary combustion is performed to form a carbon film to suppress the development of combustion. It relates to a water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood and flame-retardant wood, which has excellent flame retardancy, such as, and can be flame-retardantly treated in various ways, and can be flame-retardantly treated at low cost.

In recent years, consumers' preference for natural wood has been greatly increased, especially in the case of building materials in which natural wood is in high demand, and consumers' preference for natural wood in various fields such as furniture and construction has greatly increased.

The natural wood is widely used for indoor and outdoor decoration of buildings because it creates a soft and cozy atmosphere due to its excellent appearance and texture and the unique material of wood. However, due to the absolute lack of forest resources, more than 70% of the wood used is imported. In the case of Korea, which is dependent on the past, the supply of natural timber is absolutely insufficient due to forest damage caused by logging of timber in the past.

In particular, cypress ruba (hinoki) emits its own scent and is used as an interior material for a house to provide a comfortable living environment, but it has a thin plate and is easy to dry due to long-term exposure to air, so it is more vulnerable to fire than other building subsidiary materials. It has been studied for a long time, but it is not satisfactory. In addition, the flame retardant of cypress ruba is greatly affected by the delay of the spreading speed of the surface of the wood flame and the reduction of the carbonization speed, depending on the treatment method of the drug. Although it is possible to secure excellent performance of forced injection of drugs, there is a disadvantage that the cost is high. In this project, through surface treatment (coating), a flame retardant composition was prepared with the aim of improving flame retardancy by more than 10% compared to untreated, and the characteristics were identified to develop a composition optimized for wood for interior materials such as cypress luba.

Patent documents 0001 and 0002 have been proposed in relation to flame retardant materials for flame retardant treatment.

Patent Document 0001 is a water-soluble flame-retardant composition, consisting of 85 to 99% by weight of aqueous magnesium phosphate aqueous solution, 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of silane adhesive, 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of boric acid, 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of borax, and 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of ammonium phosphate. It is characterized in that it is made, and due to the components of phosphorus, nitrogen, magnesium, zinc, borax, and boric acid, it has excellent advantages in flame retardancy, water resistance, heat resistance and abrasion resistance, as well as excellent antiseptic and insect repellent effects, and does not cause environmental pollution. No, it has the advantage of being harmless to the human body.

Patent Document 0002 is a water-soluble flame-retardant composition, 5 to 13% by weight of aqueous magnesium phosphate aqueous solution, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of bentonite, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of soybean oil, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of baking powder, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of emulsifier, 0.01 to oleic acid It is characterized by consisting of ~0.5% by weight, 1 to 5% by weight of a base including dimethylamine, and 85 to 93% by weight of an aqueous magnesium ammonium phosphate solution, and increase in flame retardancy due to phosphorus, nitrogen, and magnesium hydroxide, titanium, bentonite, baking powder, etc. There is an economic advantage as it can be flame retarded to various types of building materials with an effect and a single chemical.

On the other hand, wood is largely composed of three components, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and the components are pyrolyzed at 180°C to release combustible gases, and pyrolysis occurs around 225°C, making it difficult to stop the fire. Prior to this, it is necessary to develop a first flame retardant that can stop the flame and a composition that must stop the emission of gas by generating char (burnt part) at about 200°C.

KR 10-0893948 B1 (2009.04.10) KR 10-0865176 B1 (2008.10.17)

The present invention for solving such a conventional problem is that the water-soluble flame-retardant composition, which is a coating material, is first burned (carbonized) before the substrate is burned when it is coated on the surface of wood to form a carbon film to develop combustion (carbonization). It is an object of the present invention to provide a water-soluble flame retardant composition for wood, which can improve flame retardancy by suppressing and delaying combustion by suppressing it, and a flame retardant wood treated with the water-soluble flame retardant composition.

The present invention for achieving the above object,

It provides a water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood, comprising a dialkylphosphinic acid salt or an alkylphosphonic acid salt compound represented by the following formula (1), a water-soluble inorganic compound, and water as a solvent.

[Formula 1]

In the [Chemical Formula 1] compound, R1 represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R2 independently represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and M is composed of an ammonium salt.

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The [Chemical Formula 1] compound is preferably contained in a 5 to 35 weight ratio with respect to 100 weight ratio of the total composition.

And it is preferable that the water-soluble inorganic compound contains at least two of boric acid, ammonium phosphate dibasic, and borate.

In particular, the water-soluble inorganic compound preferably contains 2 to 10 weight ratio of boric acid and 2 to 10 weight ratio of borate with respect to 100 weight ratio of the total composition.

It is preferable that the water-soluble inorganic compound comprises 2 to 10 weight ratio of boric acid, 2 to 10 weight ratio of borate, and 1 to 10 weight ratio of ammonium phosphate dibasic with respect to 100 weight ratio of the entire composition. , More preferably, the water-soluble inorganic compound includes 4 to 8 weight ratio of boric acid, 5 to 10 weight ratio of borate, and 5 to 10 weight ratio of ammonium phosphate dibasic with respect to 100 weight ratio of the entire composition. It is better to do it.

In addition, the present invention provides a flame-retardant wood, characterized in that produced by drying the wood after treating the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood.

The water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood of the present invention is non-halogen-based, environment-friendly and excellent in flame-retardant properties that do not contain halogen elements.In particular, when flame-retardant treatment on the surface of wood, the coating layer firstly generates gaseous radicals before combustion of the substrate. Thus, there is an effect of excellent flame retardancy, such as blocking oxygen and forming a carbon film by secondary combustion to suppress the development of combustion.

In addition, the present invention can be flame-retardant treatment by a variety of methods, such as applying a spray method on the surface of wood to perform flame-retardant treatment, or by dipping wood to perform flame-retardant treatment, and significantly lowers the cost of flame-retardant treatment, such as low manufacturing cost. There is an effect that can be.

1 is a photograph taken after carbonization of flame-retardant wood and untreated wood treated with the water-soluble flame-retardant compositions of Examples 1 to 5.

Hereinafter, the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood and the flame-retardant wood of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

The description of the present invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, and various transformations may be applied and various embodiments may be provided. In addition, the content described below should be understood to include all conversions, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the following description, terms such as first and second are terms used to describe various elements, and their meanings are not limited, and are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one element from other elements.

The same reference numbers used throughout this specification denote the same elements. In addition, the singular expression used in the present invention includes a plurality of expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, terms such as "comprise", "include" or "have" described below are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification. It is to be construed and not to preclude the possibility of addition or presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

The water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood of the present invention comprises a dialkylphosphinic acid salt or an alkylphosphonic acid salt compound represented by the following formula (1), a water-soluble inorganic compound, and water.

[Formula 1]

In the [Chemical Formula 1] compound, R1 represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R2 independently represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and M is composed of an ammonium salt.

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The compounds of [Chemical Formula 1] have a water solubility as small molecules that can be absorbed into the pores of wood because their molecular weight is sufficiently small, and the -OH group is absorbed into the pores of the wood and adsorbs with cellulose to achieve a stable structure. In addition, as a phosphorus-based compound, it has flame retardancy and is particularly useful for extinguishing early fires because it acts with a vapor-phase flame retardant mechanism.

Since the compound of [Chemical Formula 1] itself exists in the form of a salt, it has good water solubility and is suitable as a flame retardant for wood.

In particular, the [Chemical Formula 1] compound is preferably used in a 5 to 35 weight ratio with respect to 100 weight ratio of the total composition. If the [Chemical Formula 1] compound is less than 5 weight ratio, flame retardancy is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 35 weight ratio, the concentration is high and it is not absorbed and stickiness occurs.

In addition, the water-soluble inorganic compound may be made of two or more selected from boric acid, borate, and phosphate.

The boric acid is used not only for excellent flame retardancy, but also for use as insect repellents such as ants. It is preferable to use the boric acid in a weight ratio of 2 to 10 with respect to 100 weight ratio of the total composition. If the boric acid is less than 2 weight ratio, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 10 weight ratio, it is difficult to dissolve in water in the whole mixed composition, and crystals may precipitate.

Since boric acid is not well soluble in water, it is better to dissolve it by mixing it with borate. The borate may be used by selecting from ammonium borate octahydrate and sodium borate.

Boric acid and boric acid salt form a network structure, penetrate into the cellulose of wood, and form a boric acid glass film by heating in the event of a fire, thereby preventing combustion by oxidation of cellulose and achieving carbonization, thereby exhibiting excellent flame retardancy.

The borate is preferably used in a ratio of 2 to 10 by weight to 100 weight ratio of the total composition in order to improve flame retardancy and to ensure that the boric acid is well dissolved in water.

And the phosphate salts include ammonium phosphate monobasic, ammonium phosphate dibasic, sodium phosphate monobasic, sodium phosphate dibasic, and the like. However, ammonium phosphate dibasic having basicity, sodium phosphate dibasic, or the like may be used. Preferably, it is good to use ammonium phosphate dibasic as the phosphate salt.

Ammonium phosphate dibasic (Ammonium phosphate dibasic) exhibits foaming properties due to heat in a fire, but if excessively used, it may show white turbidity after drying the wood, so it is recommended to use 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total composition.

In particular, in order to obtain a flame-retardant composition with a smaller carbonization length and area and a smaller residual salt time and residual time, as the water-soluble inorganic compound, 4 to 8 weight ratio of boric acid and 5 to 10 weight ratio of borate to 100 weight ratio of the entire composition. And it is preferable to use a 5 to 10 weight ratio of ammonium phosphate dibasic (Ammonium phosphate dibasic).

And after the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood of the present invention is treated on wood, it can be dried to manufacture a flame-retardant wood.

Here, the wood includes solid wood, combined wood, and plywood.

The water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood may be treated by surface coating through spraying, immersion, and brushing on the surface of wood. The surface-coated flame-retardant wood can be dried at room temperature or using a hot air drying, heat dryer, etc., and then coated three times for flame retardant treatment. The coated wood can be used as a material for flame retardants applied to fields that are not exposed to moisture from the outside, such as rain.

In this way, the flame-retardant wood treated with the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood is flame-retardant wood that can prevent ignition and spread of fire, such as wood-related flame-retardant composite wood, flame-retardant interior materials, flame-retardant wood, and industrial flame-retardant materials requiring flame retardant processing. And the like.

And the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood can be treated by impregnating the vacuum-treated wood. That is, a method of injecting the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood into the wood by vacuum decompression and pressurization may be used. For example, this method includes a first drying step in which the flame retardant treatment method is used to dry wood to adjust the moisture content to 17%, a first vacuum treatment step in which the wood dried through the first drying step is vacuum-treated, and the To prepare wood for fire-resistant structures by repeating the step of injecting and drying the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood by impregnating and pressing the wood vacuum-treated through the first vacuum treatment step into the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood. Method can be used. The refractory wood treated by the above method includes, for example, fire-resistant granulated wood related to wood, fire-resistant interior materials or fire-resistant wood, industrial fire-resistant materials requiring flame-retardant processing, and the like.

Next, the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood of the present invention will be described in detail with examples as follows, and the examples are presented to aid understanding, and are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is described in the following examples. It is not limited to fields.

[Examples 1 to 5]

Diethylphosphinic acid ammonium salt, boric acid, borate, ammonium phosphate dibasic, and water were mixed in the composition of the table below to prepare a water-soluble flame retardant composition for wood of Examples 1 to 5 I did.

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Ammonium diethylphosphinic acid salt
(wt%)
5
5
5
10
10
Boric acid
(wt%)
8
8
8
4
4
Borate
(wt%)
10
10
10
5
5
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
(wt%)
-
10
5
10
-
water
(wt%)
77
67
72
75
61

[Flame retardant test]

Wood flame retardancy tests were performed on the water-soluble flame retardant compositions for wood of Examples 1 to 5.

The flame-retardant test of wood was conducted in accordance with the technical standards of the fire retardant type approval and product inspection No. 2017-1 (2017. 7. 26) of the Fire Protection Agency, and the 45° inclination method (McKell burner method: flame length 65 mm) was used. Dry wood is used to maintain the existing moisture content of 17% or less. The wood was dried and the moisture content was 17%, and the flame-retardant composition was painted 1 to 3 times on the dried wood with a brush so that it was sufficiently wetted through the drying step, and left to stand for 20 minutes, and then stood in the shade and dried sufficiently for 18 hours. A flame-retardant wood was manufactured through the step of applying and drying the flame-retardant composition to the dried specimen again three times. One of the wood was untreated as a comparative example, and the carbonized area, carbonization length, residual time, and residual salt time were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2, and a photograph of the carbonized wood is shown in FIG. 1.

Flame retardant test items No treatment Flame retardant treatment standard Comparative example Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Carbonization length
(cm)
12
7
5
6
9
7
Within 20
Bulletproof
(cm2)
62
46
46
46
49
37
Within 50
Residual time
(sec)
1.5
3.6
3.2
3.0
2.0
1.5
Within 10
After salt time
(sec)
1.5
3.6
3.2
3.0
2.0
1.5
Within 30
Judgment

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pass
pass
pass
pass

As can be seen from Table 2 above, Examples 1 to 5 are considered to have an excellent flame retardant effect of wood because the carbonization length and area are smaller than that of the comparative example, and the residual flame time and residual time are also less.

This patent application (registration) is a patent application (registration) for support of the Ministry of Small and Medium Venture Businesses 『Chonbuk National University Korean-style wooden construction subsidiary material industry grass-roots enterprise nurturing support project.

Claims (10)

Including a dialkylphosphinic acid salt or alkylphosphonic acid salt compound, a water-soluble inorganic compound and water represented by the following formula (1),
The following Formula 1 compound contains 5 to 10 weight ratio with respect to the total weight ratio, and the water-soluble inorganic compound contains 2 to 10 weight ratio of boric acid and 2 to 10 weight ratio of boric acid to 100 weight ratio of the total composition. Water-soluble flame retardant composition for wood, characterized by.
[Formula 1]

In the [Chemical Formula 1] compound, R1 represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R2 independently represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and M is composed of an ammonium salt.
Including a dialkylphosphinic acid salt or alkylphosphonic acid salt compound, a water-soluble inorganic compound and water represented by the following formula (1),
The following Formula 1 compound contains 5 to 10 weight ratio with respect to the total weight ratio, and the water-soluble inorganic compound includes 4 to 8 weight ratio of boric acid, 5 to 10 weight ratio of borate and diphosphate with respect to 100 weight ratio of the total composition. A water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood, characterized in that it contains 5 to 10 weight ratio of ammonium hydrogen (Ammonium phosphate dibasic).
[Formula 1]

In the [Chemical Formula 1] compound, R1 represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R2 independently represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and M is composed of an ammonium salt.
A flame-retardant wood, characterized in that it is manufactured by treating wood with the water-soluble flame-retardant composition for wood according to claim 1 or 2, and then drying it. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

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