KR102235403B1 - Multistage compression type frozen apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a multistage compression type refrigeration device. According to the present invention, the multistage compression type refrigeration device includes an evaporating part, a condensing part, and an expansion valve part. The multistage compression type refrigeration device may include: a compression part which realizes compression of a refrigerant at a plurality of compression ends; a bypass pipe part which is provided with a plurality of pipes connected to the rear of the compression ends and guides refrigerants having different pressures to an inlet of the compression part or a front portion of the compression ends; a bypass valve part which is installed in the bypass pipe part and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the bypass pipe part; and a control part which is connected to the bypass valve part in a wireless or wired manner and controls the operation of the bypass valve part. Therefore, a surge phenomenon in which the refrigerant flows backward can be prevented.

Description

Multi-stage compression type refrigerator{MULTISTAGE COMPRESSION TYPE FROZEN APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus.

A chiller can be used as a general refrigeration device. A chiller is a large-scale cooling system that supplies cooling to a large-scale building, and uses cold water or antifreeze as a refrigerant that is a heat source transfer material.

The chiller is a device that supplies cold water to customers. In addition, the chiller cools the cold water by inducing heat exchange between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant cycle and the cold water circulating in the customer. A refrigeration apparatus using a chiller is a relatively large-capacity facility and can be installed in a large-scale building.

Cold water cooled in a refrigeration device using a chiller is supplied to a consumer using an air conditioner or the like.

The chiller unit includes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser for condensing the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, an expansion device for decompressing the refrigerant condensed in the condenser, and an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant depressurized by the expansion device. The refrigerant used in a conventional refrigeration apparatus may perform heat exchange with external air in a condenser, and heat exchange with cold water in an evaporator.

The chiller unit may be provided in various sizes or capacities. The size or capacity of the chiller unit is a concept corresponding to the refrigeration capacity and may be expressed in units of Refrigeration Ton (RT). The chiller unit may be manufactured as a facility having various refrigeration tons depending on the size of a building in which the chiller unit is installed, a capacity of circulating cold water, or an air conditioning capacity. For example, the chiller unit may be manufactured as a model having a capacity of 200RT, 500RT, 1000RT, 1500RT, 2000RT, 3000RT, and the like.

When the compressor of the conventional refrigeration apparatus compresses the refrigerant in multiple stages, a gas-liquid separator, which is an economizer that separates the gaseous refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant, may be installed.

Compressors having two or more cycles use a DGR (Dischared Gas Recirculation) system to increase the flow rate at the compressor inlet when a surge occurs. The DGR system prevents surges by sending the refrigerant that has passed the first stage back to the compressor inlet.

Existing refrigeration systems generated high pressure even after the first stage in the rated condition or high load area, so that sufficient flow was supplied to the inlet of the compressor, but in the low load area, the pressure after the first stage was lowered to provide a sufficient surge margin compared to the high load area. There is a problem that cannot be taken.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2019-0006339 (published on January 18, 2019, title of invention: chiller unit and chiller system including the same)

It is an object of the present invention to provide a multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus capable of preventing a surge phenomenon in which reverse flow of a refrigerant occurs when a temperature condition exceeding the performance of the compression unit is reached.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus capable of stably preventing surge even at a low head and having a wider operating range in the entire operating area.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects and advantages of the present invention that are not mentioned can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by examples of the present invention. In addition, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means shown in the claims and combinations thereof.

A plurality of bypass pipe units according to the present invention are connected to the compression unit, and the control unit may control the operation of the bypass valve unit installed in the bypass pipe unit.

In addition, the control unit may set the operation of the bypass valve unit according to the connection state of the conduit connected to the front of the compression unit.

In addition, by installing the bypass pipe section and the bypass valve section, refrigerants having various pressures can be supplied to the inlet of the compression section.

A multistage compression refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is a multistage compression refrigeration apparatus comprising an evaporation unit, a condensation unit, and an expansion valve unit, in which a compression unit in which refrigerant is compressed at a plurality of compression stages, and a compression unit connected to the rear of the compression stage A bypass pipe portion that has a plurality of pipe passages and guides refrigerants having different pressures to the inlet of the compression portion or the front of the compression end, and is installed in the bypass pipe portion and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the bypass pipe portion. The bypass valve unit and the bypass valve unit are connected wirelessly or wiredly, and may include a control unit for controlling the operation of the bypass valve unit.

In addition, the compression unit may include a first compression unit connected to the evaporation unit and compressing the refrigerant delivered through the evaporation unit at a plurality of compression stages.

In addition, the first compression unit may include a first compression stage for compressing the refrigerant delivered through the evaporation unit, and a second compression stage that is continuously installed at the first compression stage and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the first compression stage again.

In addition, the bypass pipe section includes a first bypass pipe connecting the rear of the first compression end and the front of the first compression end and a second bypass pipe connecting the rear of the second compression end and the front of the first compression end. can do.

In addition, the bypass valve unit is installed in the first bypass pipe and is operated by a control signal from the control unit and is installed in the first bypass valve and the second bypass pipe to control the flow rate of the refrigerant that is moved along the first bypass pipe, and is controlled by the control unit. It may include a second bypass valve that is operated by a signal and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant that is moved along the second bypass pipe.

In addition, the first bypass pipe includes a first supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the first compression stage and the first bypass valve, and a first exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression stage and the first bypass valve. Can include. In addition, the second bypass pipe includes a second supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the second compression stage and the second bypass valve, and a second exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression stage and the second bypass valve. can do.

In addition, the first exit bypass pipe and the second exit bypass pipe are not connected to each other, but are connected to the front of the first compression stage, respectively, and the control unit can independently control the operation of the first bypass valve and the second bypass valve. have.

In addition, the first exit bypass pipe and the second exit bypass pipe are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the first compression stage, and the controller may operate only one of the first bypass valve and the second bypass valve.

In addition, the compression unit may further include a second compression unit connected to the first compression unit and passing through the first compression unit to compress the compressed refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages.

In addition, the second compression unit includes a third compression stage for compressing the refrigerant delivered through the first compression unit, and a fourth compression stage and a fourth compression stage that are installed in succession to the third compression stage and compress the refrigerant compressed at the third compression stage again. It is installed in succession to the stage and may include a fifth compression stage for recompressing the refrigerant compressed in the fourth compression stage.

In addition, the bypass conduit includes a third bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression end and the front of the third compression end, a fourth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression end and the front of the third compression end, and It may include a fifth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression end and the front of the third compression end.

In addition, the bypass valve unit is installed in the third bypass pipe, the third bypass valve is operated by a control signal from the control unit and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the third bypass pipe, and is installed in the fourth bypass pipe. The flow rate of the refrigerant that is operated by a control signal and is installed in the fourth bypass valve and the fifth bypass pipe to control the flow rate of the refrigerant that is moved along the fourth bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the control unit, and moves along the fifth bypass pipe. It may include a fifth bypass valve to control.

In addition, the third bypass pipe includes a third supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression stage and the third bypass valve, and a third exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the third compression stage and the third bypass valve. Including, the fourth bypass pipe, a fourth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression stage and the fourth bypass valve, and a fourth outlet bypass connecting the front of the third compression stage and the fourth bypass valve May include pipelines. In addition, the fifth bypass pipe includes a fifth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression stage and the fifth bypass valve, and a fifth exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the third compression stage and the fifth bypass valve. Can include.

In addition, the third exit bypass pipe, the fourth exit bypass pipe, and the fifth exit bypass pipe are not connected to each other, but are connected to the front of the third compression stage, respectively, and the control unit includes the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass valve. Each operation of the bypass valve can be independently controlled.

In addition, the third exit bypass pipe, the fourth exit bypass pipe, and the fifth exit bypass pipe are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the third compression end, and the control unit includes the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass. Only one of the valves can be operated.

In addition, the bypass pipe portion includes a sixth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression end and the front of the first compression unit, and a seventh bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression end and the front of the first compression unit. It may include an eighth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the compression end and the front of the first compression unit.

In addition, the bypass valve unit includes a third bypass valve that is installed in the sixth bypass pipe and is operated by a control signal from the control unit and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant that is moved along the sixth bypass pipe. The flow rate of the refrigerant that is operated by a control signal and is installed in the fourth bypass valve and the 8th bypass pipe to control the flow rate of the refrigerant that is moved along the 7th bypass pipe, operated by the control signal from the control unit, and moves along the 8th bypass pipe. It may include a fifth bypass valve to control.

In addition, the sixth bypass pipe includes a sixth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression stage and the third bypass valve, and a sixth exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression portion and the third bypass valve. can do. In addition, the seventh bypass pipe includes a seventh supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression stage and the fourth bypass valve, and a seventh exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression unit and the fourth bypass valve. can do. In addition, the eighth bypass pipe includes an eighth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression stage and the fifth bypass valve, and an eighth exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression unit and the fifth bypass valve. can do.

In addition, the 6th exit bypass conduit, the 7th exit bypass conduit, and the 8th exit bypass conduit are not connected to each other, but are connected to the front of the first compression unit, respectively, and the control unit includes a third bypass valve, a fourth bypass valve, and a fifth bypass. Each pass valve operation can be controlled independently.

In addition, the 6th exit bypass conduit, the 7th exit bypass conduit, and the 8th exit bypass conduit are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the first compression unit, and the control unit is the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass valve. Only one of them can be operated.

In addition, the control unit may control the operation of the compression unit and the bypass valve unit by receiving a measurement value of a flow sensor that measures the flow rate of the refrigerant and a measurement value of a pressure sensor installed in the compression unit.

Since a plurality of bypass pipes according to the present invention are connected to the compression unit, a gaseous refrigerant having a pressure set by the control of the control unit can be supplied to the inlet of the compression unit, thereby preventing a surge phenomenon.

In addition, since the bypass pipe section is connected to the rear of the high pressure compression stage to supply the refrigerant having a higher pressure to the inlet of the compression section compared to the prior art, it is possible to prevent a surge phenomenon due to reverse flow of the refrigerant even during low-load operation.

In addition, since the control unit controls the operation of the bypass valve unit to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the inlet of the compression unit before a surge occurs, it is possible to prevent a surge phenomenon due to reverse flow of the refrigerant even in low-load operation. Can have a wider operating range.

In addition, since the control unit variously sets the operation of the bypass valve unit according to the connection state of the conduit connected to the front of the compression unit, it is possible to prevent a surge phenomenon while preventing a decrease in compression efficiency.

In addition to the above-described effects, specific effects of the present invention will be described together with explanation of specific matters for carrying out the present invention.

1 is a block diagram showing the main configuration of a multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram showing a state in which a bypass pipe portion and a bypass valve portion are installed in a first compression unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a bypass pipe portion and a bypass valve portion are installed in a first compression unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a block diagram showing a state in which a bypass pipe portion and a bypass valve portion are installed in a second compression unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a block diagram showing a state in which a bypass pipe portion and a bypass valve portion are installed in a compression unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a block diagram showing a configuration connected to a control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a block diagram illustrating a state in which bypass pipes installed at an inlet of a first compression unit are connected to each other according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a block diagram showing a state in which bypass pipes installed at an inlet of a second compression unit are connected to each other according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe section is individually connected to the inlet of the compression section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe portion is connected to the inlet of the compression portion by a single pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The above-described objects, features, and advantages will be described later in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and accordingly, a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, a detailed description will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar elements.

Although the first, second, and the like are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component, and unless otherwise stated, the first component may be the second component.

Hereinafter, the "top (or bottom)" of the component or the "top (or bottom)" of the component means that an arbitrary component is arranged in contact with the top (or bottom) of the component. In addition, it may mean that other components may be interposed between the component and any component disposed on (or under) the component.

In addition, when a component is described as being "connected", "coupled" or "connected" to another component, the components may be directly connected or connected to each other, but other components are "interposed" between each component. It is to be understood that "or, each component may be "connected", "coupled" or "connected" through other components.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specified, each component may be singular or plural.

Singular expressions used in the present specification include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “consisting of” or “comprising” should not be construed as necessarily including all of the various elements or various steps described in the specification, and some of the elements or some steps It may not be included, or it should be interpreted that it may further include additional components or steps.

Throughout the specification, when referred to as "A and/or B", it means A, B or A and B, unless otherwise specified, and when referred to as "C to D", this means that a special opposite description Unless there is one, it means that it is C or more and D or less.

Hereinafter, a multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[Multi-stage compression type refrigeration system]

1 is a block diagram showing the main configuration of a multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a bypass pipe section and a bypass valve unit installed in a compression unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram showing the state

1 and 5, a multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compression unit 10, a condensation unit 40, an evaporation unit 100, and an expansion valve unit. It may include 300, the bypass pipe portion 150, the bypass valve portion 240 and the control unit 140. In addition, the multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a reservoir 60, a gas-liquid separation unit 80, a conduit unit 110, and a control valve unit 130. .

Alternatively, the multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be variously modified, such as being composed of a bypass pipe section 150, a bypass valve section 240, and a compression section 10. Do.

[Compression unit]

The compression unit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be transformed into various shapes within the technical idea of compressing the refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages. The compression unit 10 according to an embodiment includes a first compression unit 20 and a second compression unit 30.

In the compression unit 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, only one of the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 may be used as needed, and the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit All of the parts 30 may be used.

[First compression unit]

2 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe section 150 and the bypass valve unit 240 are installed in the first compression unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is A perspective view showing a state in which the bypass pipe portion 150 and the bypass valve portion 240 are installed in the first compression portion 20 according to an exemplary embodiment.

1 to 3, the first compression unit 20 is connected to the evaporation unit 100 through the conduit unit 110, and a plurality of compressions after receiving the refrigerant through the evaporation unit 100 Various modifications are possible within the technical idea of compressing at the stage.

The first compression unit 20 according to an embodiment is connected to the first compression stage 22 and the first compression stage 22 for compressing the refrigerant delivered through the evaporation unit 100 and is connected to the first compression stage. It may include a second compression stage 24 for recompressing the refrigerant compressed in (22). It has been described that the first compression unit 20 compresses the refrigerant at two compression stages, but is not limited thereto, and the first compression unit 20 according to an embodiment has a single compression stage or three A plurality of compression stages may be provided as described above.

The gaseous refrigerant discharged from the evaporation unit 100 is moved to the first compression end 22 of the first compression unit 20 to perform compression. The second compression end 24 is located at the rear facing the first compression end 22 (on the right side of FIG. 1 ). The refrigerant compressed in the first compression stage 22 is moved to the second compression stage 24 and is compressed again.

[Second compression unit]

4 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe section 150 and the bypass valve section 240 are installed in the second compression section 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 4, the second compression unit 30 is connected to the first compression unit 20, passes through the first compression unit 20, and compresses the compressed refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages. Various types of compressors can be used within the technical idea of doing so. The second compression unit 30 receives and compresses the refrigerant compressed by the first compression unit 20, and the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 are connected by a pipe-shaped conduit. .

The first compression unit 20 according to an embodiment includes two compression stages, and the second compression unit 30 includes three compression stages. However, the first compression unit 20 may include three or more compression stages, and the second compression unit 30 may also include two or more compression stages, and various modifications are possible.

For example, the second compression unit 30 includes a third compression stage 32, a fourth compression stage 34, and a fifth compression stage 36. The third compression stage 32, the fourth compression stage 34, and the fifth compression stage 36 are arranged in one row, and the refrigerant is compressed in sequence. The third compression end 32, the fourth compression end 34, and the fifth compression end 36 are located inside the case of the second compression unit 30.

The third compression stage 32 compresses the refrigerant delivered through the second compression stage 24. The fourth compression stage 34 located at the rear of the third compression stage 32 is connected to the third compression stage 32 and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the third compression stage 32 again. In addition, the fifth compression stage 36 is connected to the fourth compression stage 34 and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the fourth compression stage 34 again.

The first compression unit 20 includes a first compression stage 22 and a second compression stage 24 for compressing the refrigerant, and the first compression stage 22 and the second compression stage 24 are provided with a first compression stage 22 and a second compression stage 24 for compressing the refrigerant. 1 It rotates by the operation of a motor provided in the compression unit 20 and compresses the refrigerant.

In addition, the second compression unit 30 is also provided with a third compression stage 32, a fourth compression stage 34, and a fifth compression stage 36 for compressing the refrigerant, and such a third compression stage 32 and The fourth compression stage 34 and the fifth compression stage 36 rotate by the operation of a motor provided in the second compression unit 30 to compress the refrigerant.

[Bypass pipe line]

The bypass pipe section 150 includes a plurality of pipes connected to the rear of the compression end, and guides refrigerants having different pressures to the inlet of the compression unit 10 or the front of the compression end (hereinafter referred to as left of FIG. 1). It can be transformed into various shapes within the technical thought.

The bypass pipe section 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a first bypass pipe connecting the rear of the first compression end 22 (hereinafter, the right side of FIG. 1) and the front of the first compression end 22 It may include a second bypass pipe 170 connecting the rear of the furnace 160 and the second compression end 24 and the front of the first compression end 22.

Since the refrigerant at the rear of the second compression end 24 is higher than the refrigerant at the rear of the first compression end 22, it is moved along the second bypass channel 170 rather than the first bypass channel 160. The refrigerant is a high-pressure refrigerant. Therefore, even when the first compression unit 20 is operated under a low load condition, since the high-pressure refrigerant is supplied to the inlet of the first compression unit 20 through the second bypass pipe 170, generation of a surge can be prevented.

A first bypass valve 242 is installed in the first bypass conduit 160 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving through the first bypass conduit 160. The first bypass pipe 160 according to an embodiment includes a first supply bypass pipe 162 and a first compression end connecting the rear of the first compression end 22 and the first bypass valve 242 A first exit bypass conduit 164 connecting the front side of 22 and the first bypass valve 242 may be included.

A second bypass valve 244 is installed in the second bypass pipe 170 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving through the second bypass pipe 170. The second bypass pipe 170 according to an embodiment includes a second supply bypass pipe 172 and a first compression end connecting the rear of the second compression end 24 and the second bypass valve 244 It may include a second exit bypass pipe 174 connecting the front of (22) and the second bypass valve 244.

The first exit bypass duct 164 and the second exit bypass 174 are not connected to each other but are connected to the front of the first compression end 22, respectively, and the control unit 140 includes a first bypass valve 242 ) And the operation of the second bypass valve 244 may be independently controlled.

When the first exit bypass duct 164 and the second exit bypass 174 are not connected to each other and are connected to the front of the first compression end 22, respectively, the first exit bypass duct 164 and the second exit bypass duct 164 are connected to the front of the first compression end 22 respectively. 2 Even if refrigerants of different pressures are moved along the exit bypass channel 174, they do not interfere with each other, so that the refrigerant can be smoothly moved to the front of the first compression unit 20.

Therefore, when the control unit 140 is operated under a low load, when a surge phenomenon in which the refrigerant flows backward toward the inlet of the first compression unit 20 is about to occur, the second bypass valve unit 240 and the first bypass valve unit It is also possible to operate (240) at the same time.

7 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe section 150 installed at the entrance of the first compression unit 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to each other.

7, the first exit bypass duct 164 and the second exit bypass 174 are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the first compression end 22, and the control unit 140 Only one of the first bypass valve 242 and the second bypass valve 244 may be operated.

When the first exit bypass duct 164 and the second exit bypass 174 are connected to each other before being connected to the front of the first compression end 22, the first bypass valve 242 and the second bypass Only one of the valves 244 should be operated. If the first bypass valve 242 and the second bypass valve 244 are operated at the same time, the pressure of the refrigerant moving through the second exit bypass duct 174 is reduced to the first exit bypass duct 164 Higher than the pressure of the refrigerant moving through it. Accordingly, a phenomenon in which the refrigerant moving through the second exit bypass channel 174 flows back through the first exit bypass channel 164 may occur.

The bypass pipe unit 150 and the bypass valve unit 240 are installed in at least one of the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30. The bypass pipe portion 150 and the bypass valve portion 240 may be installed only in the first compression portion 20, and the bypass pipe portion 150 and the bypass valve portion ( 240) may be installed. In addition, a bypass pipe portion 150 and a bypass valve portion 240 may be installed in both the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30.

4 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe section 150 and the bypass valve section 240 are installed in the second compression section 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the bypass pipe section 150 is provided with the rear of the third compression end 32 and the front of the third compression end 32 provided in the second compression unit 30. The third bypass pipe 180 to connect, and the fourth bypass pipe 190 and the fifth compression end 36 connecting the rear of the fourth compression end 34 and the front of the third compression end 32 It may include a fifth bypass pipe 200 connecting the rear of the rear and the front of the third compression end 32.

A third bypass valve 246 is installed in the third bypass conduit 180 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving through the third bypass conduit 180. The third bypass pipe 180 according to an embodiment includes a third supply bypass pipe 182 and a third compression end connecting the rear of the third compression end 32 and the third bypass valve 246 It includes a third exit bypass pipe 184 connecting the front side of 32 and the third bypass valve 246.

A fourth bypass valve 248 is installed in the fourth bypass pipe 190 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving through the fourth bypass pipe 190. The fourth bypass pipe 190 according to an embodiment includes a fourth supply bypass pipe 192 and a third compression end connecting the rear of the fourth compression end 34 and the fourth bypass valve 248 It may include a fourth exit bypass conduit 194 connecting the front of 32 and the fourth bypass valve 248.

A fifth bypass valve 249 is installed in the fifth bypass pipe 200 to control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving through the fifth bypass pipe 200. The fifth bypass pipe 200 according to an embodiment includes a fifth supply bypass pipe 202 and a third compression end connecting the rear of the fifth compression end 36 and the fifth bypass valve 249 It may include a fifth exit bypass pipe 204 connecting the front of 32 and the fifth bypass valve 249.

The third exit bypass duct 184, the fourth exit bypass 194 and the fifth exit bypass 204 are not connected to each other, but are connected to the front of the third compression end 32, respectively. In addition, the controller 140 may independently control operations of the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249, respectively.

When the third exit bypass duct 184 and the fourth exit bypass 194 and the fifth exit bypass 204 are not connected to each other and are connected to the front of the second compression end 24, respectively, The second compression unit 30 does not interfere with each other even when refrigerants of different pressures move along the 3 exit bypass 184, the fourth exit bypass 194 and the 5th exit bypass 204. The refrigerant can be smoothly moved to the front of.

Therefore, when the control unit 140 is operated under a low load, when a surge phenomenon in which the refrigerant flows backward toward the inlet of the second compression unit 30 is about to occur, the third bypass valve 246 and the fourth bypass valve 248 ) And the fifth bypass valve 249 may be operated simultaneously.

8 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass pipe 150 installed at the entrance of the second compression unit 30 is connected according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the 3rd exit bypass 184, the 4th exit bypass 194, and the 5th exit bypass 204 are connected to each other and then in front of the third compression end 32. Can be connected. In addition, the controller 140 may operate only one of the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249.

If the 3rd exit bypass 184, the 4th exit bypass 194 and the 5th exit bypass 204 are connected to each other before being connected to the front of the third compression end 32, the 3rd bi Only one of the pass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249 should be operated.

If at least two of the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249 are simultaneously operated, the refrigerant moves through the fourth exit bypass channel 194 The pressure of is higher than the pressure of the refrigerant moving through the third outlet bypass pipe 184. In addition, the pressure of the refrigerant moving through the fifth outlet bypass 204 is higher than the pressure of the refrigerant moving through the fourth outlet bypass 194. Therefore, when the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249 are both operated at the same time, the refrigerant moving through the fifth outlet bypass pipe 204 is eliminated. A phenomenon of reverse flow through the 3 exit bypass duct 184 and the fourth exit bypass 194 may occur. Alternatively, when the fourth bypass valve 248 and the third bypass valve 246 are operated at the same time, the refrigerant moving through the fourth exit bypass duct 194 passes through the third exit bypass duct 184. Reverse flow may occur.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 in which the bypass pipe unit 150 is installed may be installed in succession. When the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 are installed in series, the bypass pipe section 150 connected to the first compression unit 20 transfers the refrigerant to the inlet of the first compression unit 20. And, the bypass pipe section 150 connected to the second compression section 30 supplies the refrigerant to the inlet of the second compression section 30.

[Bypass valve part]

The bypass valve part 240 is installed in the bypass pipe part 150, and various types of valve devices may be used within the technical idea of controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the bypass pipe part 150.

The bypass valve unit 240 according to an embodiment may include a first bypass valve 242 and a second bypass valve 244. In addition, the bypass valve unit 240 may further include a third bypass valve 246, a fourth bypass valve 248, and a fifth bypass valve 249.

The bypass valve unit 240 is installed in the first bypass conduit 160, is operated by a control signal from the control unit 140, and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the first bypass conduit 160. A second bypass installed in the bypass valve 242 and the second bypass pipe 170, operated by a control signal from the controller 140, and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the second bypass pipe 170 A valve 244 may be included.

The bypass valve unit 240 is installed in the third bypass pipe 180, is operated by a control signal from the controller 140, and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the third bypass pipe 180. The bypass valve 246 and a fourth bypass installed in the fourth bypass pipe 190, operated by a control signal from the controller 140, and control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the fourth bypass pipe 190 A fifth bypass valve installed in the pass valve 248 and the fifth bypass pipe 200, operated by a control signal from the control unit 140, and controls the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the fifth bypass pipe 200 (249) may be included.

[Condensation part]

The condensing unit 40 is connected to the compression unit 10 through a connection pipe, and the refrigerant that has passed through the compression unit 10 is condensed by heat exchange. The refrigerant moving from the second compression unit 30 to the inlet of the condensing unit 40 is in a vapor state, and the refrigerant passing through the condensing unit 40 exchanges heat with air or a low-temperature fluid to become a liquid refrigerant.

[Leisure]

As shown in Fig. 1, the reservoir 60 is connected to the condensing unit 40, and can be transformed into various shapes within the technical idea of having a space in which the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condensing unit 40 is stored. Do. In addition, the reservoir 60 receives the supercooled liquid refrigerant through the condensing unit 40 and stores it therein.

As an example, the reservoir 60 is continuously installed on the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and has a cylindrical shape. Since the reservoir 60 is formed in a cylindrical shape, even when the internal pressure is increased by the refrigerant stored inside the reservoir 60, the pressure can be easily distributed along the cylindrical shape, so the reservoir 60 is The durability of the gas-liquid separation unit 80 may be improved.

The reservoir 60 may be installed between the condensing unit 40 and the gas-liquid separation unit 80, and in some cases, the installation of the reservoir 60 may be omitted. When the installation of the reservoir 60 is omitted, the refrigerant discharged from the condensing unit 40 passes through the first expansion valve unit 70 and is expanded and then supplied to the first separation unit 82.

[Gas-liquid separation unit]

The gas-liquid separation unit 80 receives the refrigerant that has passed through the first expansion valve unit 70 and separates it into a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant. Transformation is possible.

Since the gas-liquid separating unit 80 is installed in succession to the reservoir 60, the installation space of the reservoir 60 and the gas-liquid separating unit 80 can be reduced, and space utilization can be improved. For example, the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the reservoir 60 may be continuously installed inside a cylindrical case extending in a linear direction.

The gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the reservoir 60 are installed in a single case, and since the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the reservoir 60 use the outer case in common, the installation cost of the facility can be reduced, and a relatively narrow space Also, since the reservoir 60 and a plurality of separation units can be installed, refrigeration efficiency can be improved.

A partition wall installed in the vertical direction is located between the reservoir 60 installed inside the single case and the gas-liquid separation unit 80, and a partition wall installed in the vertical direction is also between each separation unit provided in the gas-liquid separation unit 80. Located.

The gas-liquid separation unit 80 may be provided with a plurality of separation units for separating the delivered refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant. In addition, the number of separation units provided in the gas-liquid separation unit 80 may be smaller than the number of compression stages provided in the compression unit 10.

For example, five compression stages are provided in the compression unit 10 according to the present invention, and the gas-liquid separation unit 80 corresponding thereto is provided with four separation units. The maximum number of separation units provided in the gas-liquid separation unit 80 is a number obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of compression stages provided in the compression unit 10.

The gas-liquid separation unit 80 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first separation unit 82, a second separation unit 84, a third separation unit 86, and a fourth separation unit 88.

The first separation part 82 is connected to the reservoir 60 with a partition wall therebetween, and is connected to the first expansion valve part 70. Accordingly, the liquid refrigerant in the supercooled state discharged from the reservoir 60 passes through the first valve 92 and moves to the inside of the first separation unit 82 in a state where the pressure decreases and the volume is expanded.

The refrigerant moved to the inside of the first separation unit 82 is separated into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant separated by the first separation unit 82 is moved to the inlet of the fifth compression stage 36, and the refrigerant is moved from the outlet of the fourth compression stage 34 to the inlet of the fifth compression stage 36 Together with, it is moved to the fifth compression end 36 to perform compression.

The second separating unit 84 is connected to the first separating unit 82 and separates the refrigerant delivered from the first separating unit 82 into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant.

The second separating unit 84 is connected to the first separating unit 82 with a partition wall therebetween, and receives the refrigerant passing through the first valve 92 provided in the second expansion valve unit 90. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the first separation unit 82 passes through the first valve 92 provided in the second expansion valve unit 90, and the second separation unit ( 84).

The refrigerant moved to the inside of the second separation unit 84 is separated into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant separated by the second separation unit 84 is moved to the inlet of the fourth compression stage 34, and the refrigerant is moved from the outlet of the third compression stage 32 to the inlet of the fourth compression stage 34 Together with, it is moved to the fourth compression end 34 to perform compression.

The third separating unit 86 is connected to the second separating unit 84 with a partition wall therebetween, and receives the refrigerant passing through the second valve 94 provided in the second expansion valve unit 90. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the second separation unit 84 passes through the second valve 94 provided in the second expansion valve unit 90, and the third separation unit ( 86).

The refrigerant moved to the inside of the third separating unit 86 is separated into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant separated by the third separation unit 86 is moved to the inlet of the third compression stage 32, and the refrigerant is moved from the outlet of the second compression stage 24 to the inlet of the third compression stage 32 Together with, it is moved to the third compression end 32 to perform compression.

The fourth separating portion 88 is connected to the third separating portion 86 with a partition wall therebetween, and receives the refrigerant passing through the third valve 96 provided in the second expansion valve portion 90. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant discharged from the third separation unit 86 passes through the third valve 96 provided in the second expansion valve unit 90, and the fourth separation unit ( 88).

The refrigerant moved to the inside of the fourth separation unit 88 is separated into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant separated by the fourth separation unit 88 is moved to the inlet of the second compression stage 24, and the refrigerant is moved from the outlet of the first compression stage 22 to the inlet of the second compression stage 24 It is moved to the second compression end 24 with the compression to be performed.

The first separating portion 82, the second separating portion 84, the third separating portion 86, and the fourth separating portion 88 constituting the reservoir 60 and the gas-liquid separating portion 80 are sequentially separated from each other. It is installed in one row in a row and is located inside a single tank.

In addition, since the gas-liquid separation unit 80 is manufactured integrally with the leisure unit 60, it is possible to have a more compact external shape compared to a refrigeration apparatus in which the gas-liquid separation unit 80 is installed next to the compression unit 10 in the related art. In addition, since the gas-liquid separation unit 80 is installed in a tank shape together with the reservoir 60, the installation space of the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the reservoir 60 is reduced, thereby adding a large number of separation units compared to the prior art. It can be installed to improve the refrigeration efficiency.

In addition, due to an increase in the number of separation units provided in the gas-liquid separation unit 80, the refrigeration capacity can be significantly improved compared to the prior art. In the present invention, the refrigeration efficiency was improved by applying four separate units to the five-stage refrigeration cycle.

In conventional refrigerators, there is a structural limitation in the installation space of the separation unit located above the heat exchanger. However, since the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the reservoir 60 are installed in an integrated tank shape, the limitation of installation space can be solved, and the number of installations of the separation unit can be increased to improve refrigeration efficiency.

[Expansion valve part]

The expansion valve unit 300 may use various types of valves within the technical idea of expanding and decompressing the refrigerant discharged from the reservoir 60. The expansion valve unit 300 according to an embodiment includes a first expansion valve unit 70 and a second expansion valve unit 90.

A first separating portion 82 is installed in succession to the reservoir 60, and the reservoir 60 and the first separating portion 82 are connected by a first pipe 111. A first expansion valve part 70 is installed in the first pipe 111, which is a conduit connected to the reservoir 60, and this first expansion valve part 70 expands the refrigerant discharged from the reservoir 60, and Reduce the pressure.

The second expansion valve unit 90 is installed in a pipeline connected to the gas-liquid separation unit 80, and various types of expansion valves may be used within the technical idea of expanding the refrigerant discharged from the gas-liquid separation unit 80. The second expansion valve unit 90 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first valve 92, a second valve 94, a third valve 96, and a fourth valve 98.

The first valve 92 is connected to the second pipe 112 connecting the first separation unit 82 and the second separation unit 84, and expands the refrigerant discharged from the first separation unit 82 and reduces pressure. Let it. The refrigerant passing through the first valve 92 moves to the second separation unit 84 along the second pipe 112.

The second valve 94 is connected to the third pipe 113 connecting the second separation unit 84 and the third separation unit 86, and expands the refrigerant discharged from the second separation unit 84 and reduces pressure. Let it. The refrigerant passing through the second valve 94 moves to the third separation unit 86 along the third pipe 113.

The third valve 96 is connected to the fourth pipe 114 connecting the third separation unit 86 and the fourth separation unit 88, and expands the refrigerant discharged from the third separation unit 86 and reduces pressure. Let it. The refrigerant that has passed through the third valve 96 moves to the fourth separation unit 88 along the fourth pipe 114.

The fourth valve 98 is connected to the fifth pipe 115 connecting the fourth separation unit 88 and the evaporation unit 100, and expands and decompresses the refrigerant discharged from the fourth separation unit 88. The refrigerant passing through the fourth valve 98 moves to the evaporation unit 100 along the fifth pipe 115.

[Evaporation part]

The evaporation unit 100 is connected to the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the compression unit 10 through a conduit, and within the technical idea of converting the liquid refrigerant discharged from the gas-liquid separation unit 80 into a gaseous refrigerant through heat exchange. Various types of evaporation devices can be used. The refrigerant passing through the fourth valve 98 passes through the evaporation unit 100, becomes a low-temperature gas, and then moves to the compression unit 10.

[Pipe line]

The pipe section 110 connects the main components of the multistage compression type refrigeration device 1, and various modifications are possible within the technical idea of guiding the movement of the refrigerant. For example, the pipe section 110 includes a first pipe 111, a second pipe 112, a third pipe 113, a fourth pipe 114, a fifth pipe 115, and a first cooling pipe 116. And a second cooling pipe 117, a first discharge pipe 118 and a second discharge pipe 119. In addition, the conduit 110 is a first supply pipe 120, a second supply pipe 122, a third supply pipe 124 and a fourth supply pipe connecting the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and the compression unit 10 It may further include (126).

The first pipe 111 is a conduit connecting the reservoir 60 and the first separating unit 82, and has a shape protruding to the outside of the tank in which the reservoir 60 and the gas-liquid separating unit 80 are integrated. I can. Alternatively, various modifications may be implemented such as that the reservoir 60 and the gas-liquid separation unit 80 may be installed inside the tank formed integrally. The first expansion valve part 70 is installed in the first pipe 111.

The second pipe 112 is a conduit connecting the first separation unit 82 and the second separation unit 84, and the outer side of the tank in which the first separation unit 82 and the second separation unit 84 are integrated. It may be a protruding shape. Alternatively, various modifications may be implemented, such as that the first separating portion 82 and the second separating portion 84 may be installed inside a tank formed integrally. The first valve 92 is installed in the second pipe 112.

The third pipe 113 is a conduit connecting the second separation unit 84 and the third separation unit 86, and the outer side of the tank in which the second separation unit 84 and the third separation unit 86 are integrated. It may be a protruding shape. Alternatively, various modifications may be implemented such as that the second separation unit 84 and the third separation unit 86 may be installed inside a tank formed integrally. A second valve 94 is installed in the third pipe 113.

The fourth pipe 114 is a conduit connecting the third separation unit 86 and the fourth separation unit 88, and the outer side of the tank in which the third separation unit 86 and the fourth separation unit 88 are integrated. It may be a protruding shape. Alternatively, various modifications are possible, such as that the third separation unit 86 and the fourth separation unit 88 may be installed inside a tank formed integrally. A third valve 96 is installed in the fourth pipe 114.

The fifth pipe 115 is a conduit connecting the fourth separation unit 88 and the evaporation unit 100. A second valve 94 is installed in the fifth pipe 115.

[Control valve part]

The control valve unit 130 is installed in a plurality of pipelines that guide the gaseous refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separation unit 80 to the compression unit, and is operated manually or automatically to control the movement of the refrigerant. Valves can be used. The control valve unit 130 according to an embodiment includes a first operation valve 132, a second operation valve 134, a third operation valve 136 and a fourth operation valve 138.

The first operation valve 132 is installed in the first supply pipe 120 guiding the gaseous refrigerant separated by the first separation unit 82 to the inlet of the fifth compression stage 36, and It is operated by the control signal to open and close the first supply pipe 120.

The second operation valve 134 is installed in the second supply pipe 122 that guides the gaseous refrigerant separated by the second separation unit 84 to the inlet of the fourth compression stage 34, and Operated by the control signal to open and close the second supply pipe (122).

The third operation valve 136 is installed in the third supply pipe 124 that guides the gaseous refrigerant separated by the third separation unit 86 to the inlet of the third compression stage 32, and It is operated by the control signal to open and close the third supply pipe 124.

The fourth operation valve 138 is installed in the fourth supply pipe 126 guiding the gaseous refrigerant separated by the fourth separation unit 88 to the inlet of the second compression stage 24, and Operated by the control signal, the fourth supply pipe 126 is opened and closed.

The first operation valve 132, the second operation valve 134, the third operation valve 136, and the fourth operation valve 138 can be operated by manual operation, and can be operated by a control signal from the control unit 140. It can also be operated automatically.

[Control unit]

6 is a block diagram showing a configuration connected to the control unit 140 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 140 is connected to the bypass valve unit 240 by wireless or wired communication, and may control the operation of the bypass valve unit 240. In addition, the control unit 140 may use various types of control devices within the technical idea of controlling the operation of the control valve unit 130. The control unit 140 according to an embodiment may adjust the cooling capacity by sequentially blocking a pipeline connected to the separation unit from the separation unit having the lowest pressure toward the separation unit having the highest pressure.

In addition, the control unit 140 operates the fourth operation valve 138 to reduce the cooling capacity to block the fourth supply pipe 126, and the third operation valve 136 and the second operation valve sequentially as necessary. The pipeline can be blocked by operating the 134 and the first operation valve 132.

Meanwhile, the control unit 140 receives measured values of the pressure sensor 252 and the flow sensor 254 included in the measurement unit 250. In addition, the control unit 140 controls the operation of the compression unit, the bypass valve unit 240 and the control valve unit.

The pressure sensor 252 is installed at the inlet and outlet of the compression unit or inside the compression unit to measure the pressure of the refrigerant. In addition, the flow sensor 254 is also installed at the inlet and outlet of the compression unit or inside the compression unit to measure the flow rate of the refrigerant.

[Modified Example]

9 is a block diagram showing a state in which the bypass conduit unit 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention is individually connected to the inlet of the compression unit, and FIG. 10 is a bypass conduit unit according to an embodiment of the present invention ( 150) is a block diagram showing a state connected to the inlet of the compression unit by a single pipe.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 are installed in succession, the bypass pipe section 150 connected to the first compression unit 20 is a first compression unit. The refrigerant is supplied to the inlet of 20, and the bypass pipe section 150 connected to the second compression unit 30 may also supply the refrigerant to the inlet of the first compression unit 20.

The bypass pipe section 150 connected to the second compression section 30 includes a sixth bypass pipe 210 connecting the rear of the third compression end 32 and the front of the first compression section 20, The rear of the seventh bypass pipe 220 and the fifth compression end 36 connecting the rear of the fourth compression end 34 and the front of the first compression unit 20 and the front of the first compression unit 20 It may include an eighth bypass pipe 230 connecting the.

In addition, the bypass valve unit 240 may include a third bypass valve 246, a fourth bypass valve 248, and a fifth bypass valve 249.

The third bypass valve 246 is installed in the sixth bypass pipe 210 and is operated by a control signal from the controller 140. In addition, the third bypass valve 246 may control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the sixth bypass pipe 210.

The fourth bypass valve 248 is installed in the seventh bypass pipe 220 and is operated by a control signal from the controller 140. In addition, the fourth bypass valve 248 may control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the seventh bypass pipe 220.

The fifth bypass valve 249 is installed in the eighth bypass pipe 230 and is operated by a control signal from the controller 140. In addition, the fifth bypass valve 249 may control the flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the eighth bypass pipe 230.

The sixth bypass pipe 210 is a sixth supply bypass pipe 212 connecting the rear of the third compression end 32 and the third bypass valve 246 and the front of the first compression unit 20 It may include a sixth exit bypass pipe 214 connecting the and the third bypass valve 246.

In addition, the seventh bypass pipe 220 is formed of the seventh supply bypass pipe 222 and the first compression unit 20 connecting the rear of the fourth compression end 34 and the fourth bypass valve 248. It may include a seventh exit bypass pipe 224 connecting the front and the fourth bypass valve 248.

In addition, the eighth bypass pipe 230 of the eighth supply bypass pipe 232 and the first compression unit 20 connecting the rear of the fifth compression end 36 and the fifth bypass valve 249 It may include an eighth exit bypass pipe 234 connecting the front and the fifth bypass valve 249.

The 6th exit bypass duct 214, the 7th exit bypass 224 and the 8th exit bypass 234 are not connected to each other but are connected to the front of the first compression unit 20, respectively, and the control unit ( 140) may independently control the operations of the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249, respectively.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, after the 6th exit bypass duct 214, the 7th exit bypass 224 and the 8th exit bypass 234 are connected to each other, It is connected to the front, and the controller 140 may operate only one of the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249.

At this time, the first bypass channel 160 and the second bypass channel 170 also have the 6th exit bypass channel 214 and the 7th exit bypass channel 224 and the 8th exit bypass channel 234 Can be connected. In this case, the control unit 140 includes the first bypass valve 242 and the second bypass valve 244 and the third bypass valve 246 and the fourth bypass valve 248 and the fifth bypass valve. 249) can be operated.

[Operation of the present invention]

Hereinafter, an operating state of the multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2, 3, and 6, some of the refrigerant passing between the outlet of the first compression stage 22 and the inlet of the second compression stage 24 is the first bypass pipe 160 And passes through the first bypass valve 242 and moves to the front of the first compression end 22.

Alternatively, some of the refrigerant moving out of the outlet of the second compression stage 24 passes through the second bypass pipe 170 and the second bypass valve 244 and is supplied to the front of the first compression stage 22. do.

Alternatively, the control unit 140 operates the first bypass valve 242 and the second bypass valve 244 at the same time, so that the refrigerant moved through the first bypass pipe 160 and the second bypass pipe 170 May be supplied to the front of the first compression end 22.

During operation of the multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, when a temperature condition exceeding the performance of the compression unit is reached, a surge phenomenon occurs in which the refrigerant flows back. In order to prevent such a surge phenomenon, the control unit 140 supplies part of the refrigerant that has passed through the first compression stage 22 and the second compression stage 24 to the inlet of the first compression stage 22 to perform the first compression. It generates a control signal for increasing the inlet flow rate of the unit 20.

The control unit 140, which receives the measured values of the pressure sensor 252 and the flow sensor 254, has a first bypass valve 242 and a second bypass valve to have a margin that is a certain margin at the value at which the surge will be generated. Control the operation of 244. Therefore, the control unit 140 can control the flow of the refrigerant that is moved through the first bypass line 160 and the second bypass line 170, and a wider range in the entire operation area of the first compression unit 20 It can have a driving range.

4 and 6, some of the refrigerant passing between the outlet of the third compression stage 32 and the inlet of the fourth compression stage 34 is It passes through the bypass valve 246 and moves to the front of the third compression stage 32.

Alternatively, some of the refrigerant passing between the outlet of the fourth compression stage 34 and the inlet of the fifth compression stage 36 passes through the fourth bypass pipe 190 and the fourth bypass valve 248 to be removed. 3 It is moved to the front of the compression end (32).

Alternatively, some of the refrigerant moving out of the outlet of the fifth compression stage 36 passes through the fifth bypass pipe 200 and the fifth bypass valve 249 and is supplied to the front of the third compression stage 32 do.

Alternatively, the control unit 140 simultaneously operates the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249, so that the third bypass pipe 180 and the fourth bypass pipe The refrigerant moved through the furnace 190 and the fifth bypass pipe 200 may be supplied to the front of the third compression end 32.

Alternatively, the control unit 140 operates the third bypass valve 246 and the fourth bypass valve 248 at the same time, so that the refrigerant moved through the third bypass pipe 180 and the fourth bypass pipe 190 May be supplied to the front of the third compression end 32. Alternatively, the control unit 140 simultaneously operates the fourth bypass valve 248 and the fifth bypass valve 249 to move the refrigerant through the fourth bypass pipe 190 and the fifth bypass pipe 200 May be supplied to the front of the third compression end 32. Alternatively, the control unit 140 operates the third bypass valve 246 and the fifth bypass valve 249 at the same time, so that the refrigerant moved through the third bypass pipe 180 and the fifth bypass pipe 200 May be supplied to the front of the third compression end 32. Alternatively, the controller 140 may independently operate the third bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249, respectively.

During operation of the multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, when a temperature condition exceeding the performance of the compression unit is reached, a surge phenomenon occurs in which the refrigerant flows back. In order to prevent such a surge phenomenon, the control unit 140 supplies part of the refrigerant that has passed through the first compression stage 22 and the second compression stage 24 to the inlet of the first compression stage 22 to perform the first compression. It generates a control signal for increasing the inlet flow rate of the unit 20.

The control unit 140, which receives the measured values of the pressure sensor 252 and the flow sensor 254, has a first bypass valve 242 and a second bypass valve to have a margin that is a certain margin at the value at which the surge will be generated. Control the operation of 244. Therefore, the control unit 140 can control the flow of the refrigerant that is moved through the first bypass line 160 and the second bypass line 170, and a wider range in the entire operation area of the first compression unit 20 It can have a driving range.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1, when the bypass pipe portion 150 and the bypass valve portion 240 are installed in the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30, respectively, the first compression unit ( The refrigerant recovered from the inside of 20) moves to the inlet of the first compression unit 20, and the refrigerant recovered from the inside of the second compression unit 30 moves to the inlet of the second compression unit 30.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 7, when the first exit bypass duct 164 and the second exit bypass 174 are connected to each other, the control unit 140 includes the first bypass valve 242 and the second bypass. Only one of the pass valves 244 is operated. Therefore, when the refrigerant moves along the first bypass pipe 160, the refrigerant does not move along the second bypass pipe 170. In addition, when the refrigerant moves along the second bypass line 170, the refrigerant does not move along the first bypass line 160.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, when the third exit bypass duct 184, the fourth exit bypass 194 and the fifth exit bypass 204 are connected to each other, the control unit 140 Only one of the bypass valve 246, the fourth bypass valve 248, and the fifth bypass valve 249 is operated. Therefore, when the refrigerant moves along the third bypass pipe 180, the refrigerant does not move along the fourth bypass pipe 190 and the fifth bypass pipe 200. In addition, when the refrigerant is moved along the fourth bypass pipe 190, the refrigerant does not move along the third bypass 180 and the fifth bypass 200. In addition, when the refrigerant moves along the fifth bypass pipe 200, the refrigerant does not move along the third bypass pipe 180 and the fourth bypass pipe 190.

As shown in FIG. 9, the outlets of the bypass pipe section 150 connected to the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 are both connected to the front of the first compression unit 20, and When the pass pipe unit 150 is not connected to each other, the control unit 140 may individually control the valve included in the bypass valve unit 240.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, both the outlets of the bypass pipe section 150 connected to the first compression unit 20 and the second compression unit 30 are connected to the front of the first compression unit 20, When the bypass conduit unit 150 is connected to each other, the control unit 140 operates only one of the valves included in the bypass valve unit 240. If two or more valves are operated, a phenomenon in which a refrigerant having a high pressure flows back along a channel through which a refrigerant having a low pressure moves may occur.

[Effect description]

As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, since a plurality of bypass conduit units 150 are connected to the compression unit 10, a gaseous refrigerant having a pressure set by the control of the controller 140 is transferred to the compression unit ( It can be supplied to the inlet of 10) to prevent the occurrence of surge.

In addition, since the bypass pipe section 150 is connected to the rear of the high pressure compression stage to supply the refrigerant having a higher pressure to the inlet of the compression section 10 compared to the prior art, reverse flow of the refrigerant occurs even during low-load operation. It can prevent surge phenomenon.

In addition, since the control unit 140 controls the operation of the bypass valve unit 240 to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the inlet of the compression unit before a surge occurs, a surge phenomenon due to reverse flow of the refrigerant is prevented even in low-load operation. You can do it, and you can have a wider driving range in the entire driving range.

In addition, since the control unit 140 variously sets the operation of the bypass valve unit 240 according to the connection state of the conduit connected to the front of the compression unit 10, it is possible to prevent a surge phenomenon while preventing a decrease in compression efficiency.

Since the control unit 140 controls the control valve unit 130 installed in the conduit unit 110 that supplies the gas refrigerant to the compression unit 10 having a plurality of compression stages, it is easy to control the cooling capacity of the refrigerating device. Can, and can minimize the deterioration of the refrigeration efficiency. In addition, the gas-liquid separating unit 80 is sequentially blocked from the conduit 110 for transporting the gas refrigerant from the separating unit having a low pressure to the separating unit having a high pressure, so that the partial load of the cooling capacity Can be done. In addition, since the refrigerant moving from the condensing unit 40 to the evaporating unit 100 passes through the separation unit of the gas-liquid separation unit 80 and expands sequentially, noise can be reduced during partial load operation.

As described above with reference to the drawings illustrated for the present invention, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed in the present specification, and various by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. It is obvious that transformations can be made. In addition, although not explicitly described and described the effects of the configuration of the present invention while describing the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the predictable effects of the configuration should also be recognized.

1: Multi-stage compression chiller
10: compression unit 20: first compression unit 22: first compression end 24: second compression end
30: second compression unit 32: third compression stage 34: fourth compression stage 36: fifth compression stage
40: condensation part
60: reservoir
80: gas-liquid separation unit 82: first separation unit 84: second separation unit 86: third separation unit 88: fourth separation unit
300: expansion valve part
70: first expansion valve part
90: second expansion valve portion 92: first valve 94: second valve 96: third valve 98: fourth valve
100: evaporation unit
110: conduit 111: first pipe 112: second pipe 113: third pipe 114: fourth pipe 115: fifth pipe 116: first cooling pipe 117: second cooling pipe 118: first discharge pipe 119: second 2 discharge pipe 120: first supply pipe 122: second supply pipe 124: third supply pipe 126: fourth supply pipe
130: control valve unit 132: first operation valve 134: second operation valve 136: third operation valve 138: fourth operation valve
140: control unit
150: bypass conduit section 160: first bypass conduit 162: first supply bypass conduit 164: first exit bypass conduit
170: 2nd bypass 172: 2nd supply bypass 174: 2nd exit bypass
180: 3rd bypass 182: 3rd supply bypass 184: 3rd exit bypass
190: 4th bypass 192: 4th supply bypass 194: 4th exit bypass
200: 5th bypass 202: 5th supply bypass 204: 5th exit bypass
210: 6th bypass 212: 6th supply bypass 214: 6th exit bypass
220: 7th bypass 222: 7th supply bypass 224: 7th exit bypass
230: 8th bypass 232: 8th supply bypass 234: 8th exit bypass
240: bypass valve part 242: first bypass valve 244: second bypass valve 246: third bypass valve 248: fourth bypass valve 249: fifth bypass valve
250: measuring unit 252: pressure sensor 254: flow sensor

Claims (21)

In a multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus comprising an evaporation unit, a condensation unit and an expansion valve unit,
A compression unit for compressing a refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages;
A bypass pipe portion having a plurality of pipe passages connected to the rear of the compression stage and guiding refrigerants having different pressures to the inlet of the compression portion or to the front of the compression stage;
A bypass valve part installed in the bypass pipe part and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the bypass pipe part; And
Includes; a control unit that is connected to the bypass valve unit by wireless or wire, and controls the operation of the bypass valve unit,
The compression unit may include a first compression unit connected to the evaporation unit and compressing the refrigerant delivered through the evaporation unit at a plurality of compression stages; And
A second compression unit connected to the first compression unit, passing through the first compression unit and compressing the compressed refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages; and
The bypass pipe portion connected to the first compression portion supplies refrigerant to an inlet of the first compression portion, and the bypass pipe portion connected to the second compression portion supplies a refrigerant to the inlet of the second compression portion. Refrigeration system.
delete The method of claim 1,
The first compression unit may include a first compression stage for compressing the refrigerant delivered through the evaporation unit; And
And a second compression stage which is continuously installed at the first compression stage and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the first compression stage again.
The method of claim 3,
The bypass pipe part may include a first bypass pipe connecting a rear side of the first compression end and a front side of the first compression end; And
A multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus comprising a; a second bypass pipe connecting the rear side of the second compression stage and the front side of the first compression stage.
The method of claim 4,
The bypass valve unit includes: a first bypass valve installed in the first bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the control unit, and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant moved along the first bypass pipe; And
And a second bypass valve installed in the second bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the controller, and controls a flow rate of the refrigerant moved along the second bypass pipe.
The method of claim 5,
The first bypass pipe may include: a first supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the first compression end and the first bypass valve; And
Includes; a first exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression end and the first bypass valve,
The second bypass pipe may include: a second supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the second compression end and the second bypass valve; And
A multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus comprising a; a second exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression stage and the second bypass valve.
The method of claim 6,
The first exit bypass channel and the second exit bypass channel are not connected to each other, but are respectively connected in front of the first compression end,
The control unit is a multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus for independently controlling the operation of the first bypass valve and the second bypass valve.
The method of claim 6,
The first exit bypass channel and the second exit bypass channel are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the first compression end,
The control unit operates only one of the first bypass valve and the second bypass valve.
delete The method of claim 1,
The second compression unit may include a third compression stage for compressing the refrigerant delivered through the first compression unit;
A fourth compression stage which is continuously installed at the third compression stage and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the third compression stage again; And
A multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus including a fifth compression stage which is continuously installed at the fourth compression stage and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the fourth compression stage again.
The method of claim 10,
The bypass pipe part may include a third bypass pipe connecting a rear side of the third compression end and a front side of the third compression end;
A fourth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression end and the front of the third compression end; And
Multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus comprising a; a fifth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression stage and the front of the third compression stage.
The method of claim 11,
The bypass valve unit may include a third bypass valve installed in the third bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the control unit, and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the third bypass pipe;
A fourth bypass valve installed in the fourth bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the controller, and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the fourth bypass pipe; And
And a fifth bypass valve installed in the fifth bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the control unit, and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant moved along the fifth bypass pipe.
The method of claim 12,
The third bypass pipe may include a third supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression end and the third bypass valve; And
Includes; a third exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the third compression end and the third bypass valve,
The fourth bypass pipe may include a fourth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression end and the fourth bypass valve; And
Includes; a fourth exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the third compression end and the fourth bypass valve,
The fifth bypass pipe may include a fifth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression end and the fifth bypass valve; And
A multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus including a fifth outlet bypass pipe connecting the front of the third compression stage and the fifth bypass valve.
The method of claim 13,
The third exit bypass channel, the fourth exit bypass channel, and the fifth exit bypass channel are not connected to each other, but are respectively connected in front of the third compression end,
The control unit is a multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus for independently controlling operations of the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass valve.
The method of claim 13,
The third exit bypass channel, the fourth exit bypass channel, and the fifth exit bypass channel are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the third compression end,
The control unit operates only one of the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass valve.
In a multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus comprising an evaporation unit, a condensation unit and an expansion valve unit,
A compression unit for compressing a refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages;
A bypass pipe portion having a plurality of pipe passages connected to the rear of the compression stage and guiding refrigerants having different pressures to the inlet of the compression portion or to the front of the compression stage;
A bypass valve part installed in the bypass pipe part and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the bypass pipe part; And
Includes; a control unit that is connected to the bypass valve unit by wireless or wire, and controls the operation of the bypass valve unit,
The compression unit may include a first compression unit connected to the evaporation unit and compressing the refrigerant delivered through the evaporation unit at a plurality of compression stages; And
A second compression unit connected to the first compression unit, passing through the first compression unit and compressing the compressed refrigerant at a plurality of compression stages; and
A multistage compression type refrigeration apparatus in which both outlets of the bypass pipe section connected to the first compression unit and the second compression unit are connected to the front of the first compression unit.
The method of claim 16,
The second compression unit may include a third compression stage for compressing the refrigerant delivered through the first compression unit;
A fourth compression stage which is continuously installed at the third compression stage and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the third compression stage again; And
And a fifth compression stage which is continuously installed at the fourth compression stage and compresses the refrigerant compressed in the fourth compression stage again, and
The bypass pipe portion may include a sixth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression end and the front of the first compression portion;
A seventh bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression end and the front of the first compression unit; And
And an eighth bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression stage and the front of the first compression unit.
The method of claim 17,
The bypass valve unit may include a third bypass valve installed in the sixth bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the control unit, and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the sixth bypass pipe;
A fourth bypass valve installed in the seventh bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the control unit, and controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant moving along the seventh bypass pipe; And
And a fifth bypass valve installed in the eighth bypass pipe, operated by a control signal from the controller, and controls a flow rate of the refrigerant moved along the eighth bypass pipe.
The method of claim 18,
The sixth bypass pipe includes a sixth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the third compression end and the third bypass valve; And
Includes; a sixth exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression unit and the third bypass valve, and
The seventh bypass pipe includes a seventh supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fourth compression end and the fourth bypass valve; And
Includes; a seventh exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression unit and the fourth bypass valve; and
The eighth bypass pipe includes an eighth supply bypass pipe connecting the rear of the fifth compression end and the fifth bypass valve; And
A multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus comprising a; an eighth exit bypass pipe connecting the front of the first compression unit and the fifth bypass valve.
The method of claim 19,
The sixth exit bypass duct, the seventh exit bypass and the eighth exit bypass are not connected to each other, but are connected to the front of the first compression unit, respectively,
The control unit is a multi-stage compression type refrigeration apparatus for independently controlling operations of the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass valve.
The method of claim 19,
The sixth exit bypass pipe, the seventh exit bypass pipe, and the eighth exit bypass pipe are connected to each other and then connected to the front of the first compression unit,
The control unit operates only one of the third bypass valve, the fourth bypass valve, and the fifth bypass valve.

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