KR102230026B1 - Underground excavation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to underground excavation equipment comprising: an excavation machine for excavating the ground by receiving propulsion from a propulsion device; a propulsion pipe disposed on the rear of the excavation machine; a lubricant discharge means having a plurality of lubricant discharge ports formed along the outer circumference of the propulsion pipe; a clogging prevention means for each outlet of the lubricant discharge means; and a guard means for protecting the clogging prevention means from excavation debris generated by the excavation machine. The lubricant discharge ports can be reliably prevented from being occluded by stones, soil, or the like, and thus a lubricant is discharged smoothly, so that an excavation operation can be smoothly carried out with reduced frictional resistance to the ground (excavation hole), and working speed (propulsion speed) can be prevented from being lowered due to the uneven discharge of a lubricant.

Description

Underground excavation equipment {UNDERGROUND EXCAVATION EQUIPMENT}

The present invention relates to an underground excavation equipment that performs a propulsion method such as a semi-shield or shield method, and in particular, reduces frictional resistance between the propulsion pipe and the ground by using a lubricant during excavation, and interference such as clogging of a discharge port when discharging lubricant It is a technology related to underground excavation equipment that prevents elements and allows the direction of excavation to be corrected during excavation.

In general, the propulsion method of forming an excavation hole in the ground by excavating the ground along the planned progress direction using propulsion in the ground is widely used for infrastructure construction such as water supply and sewage, electricity or communication lines, or subway construction.

In the propulsion method, underground drilling equipment such as semi-shield equipment or shield equipment is used. The underground excavation equipment includes an excavation machine such as a semi-shield machine or a shield machine, a propulsion device for providing propulsion to the excavation machine, and at least one propulsion pipe interposed between the excavation machine and the propulsion device. do. A cutter head is installed in the front, which is the front end of the excavation machine. Here, the propulsion pipe may be a steel pipe.

In the propulsion method using such underground excavation equipment, the excavation machine is propelled forward by the rear propulsion device, the ground is excavated, the propulsion device is contracted, and a propulsion pipe is interposed between the excavation machine and the propulsion device, and then propulsion By means of the device, the excavation machine is pushed back together with the propulsion pipe, and the ground is continuously excavated.

During the excavation process using the underground excavation equipment, the amount of resistance received by the tip side of the excavation machine (the excavation head) may vary from part to part due to the rock mass existing in the ground and the change in the distributed soil quality. And under such conditions, the traveling direction of the excavation machine may deviate from the planned excavation direction (the excavation path), resulting in angular deviation. Once the angular deviation starts to occur in this way, at the beginning of the occurrence, even though the angular deviation is negligible, it may eventually lead to a large positional error that has a significant adverse effect on the construction.

The error of the final position according to the angular deviation increases as the work section is set to a longer distance. Therefore, since the current situation is to set the working section to a relatively short distance and proceed with the construction, it is inevitably disadvantageous in terms of shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs.

When an angle deviation occurs, various efforts and technology development are being attempted, such as changing the propulsion direction (propulsion angle) by a propulsion device in order to correct the traveling direction of the excavation machine to the planned excavation direction. However, there is no clear alternative to correct the wrong excavation direction more simply and accurately.

Meanwhile, at least one lubricant discharge port for discharging the lubricant from the lubricant injection device toward the inner wall of the excavation hole is provided on the outer periphery of the propulsion pipe. The lubricant discharged from the lubricant discharge port mainly reduces the frictional resistance between the propulsion pipe and the ground (drilling hole), so that the excavation work can be performed more smoothly.

During the excavation of the ground, the lubricant outlet may be damaged by stones, soil, etc., or may be partially or entirely blocked. Then, the dispensing of the lubricant becomes impossible or non-smooth, or the diffusion range of the discharged lubricant is reduced, and the excavation work is made non-smooth, and a countermeasure is also urgently required.

Document 1. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. Hei 11-117669 (1999.04.27.) Document 2. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. Hei 11-200772 (1999.07.27.) Document 3. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2017-031631 (2017.02.09.)

The present invention provides a clogging prevention means for preventing a phenomenon such as clogging of a discharge port from excavation debris generated during excavation, and between the structure for preventing clogging and the inner wall of the drilling hole by the ejection operation of the guard head interlocked with the rotating drilling head. The purpose of this is to provide an underground excavation equipment provided with a guard means to prevent mutual collision.

Further, an object of the present invention is to provide an underground excavation equipment provided with an excavation direction correction means capable of quickly and accurately correcting the excavation direction when deviating from a predetermined excavation direction.

In order to solve the above problems, the underground excavation equipment according to the present invention,

An excavation machine that excavates the ground by receiving a propulsion force from a propulsion device;

A propulsion pipe disposed on the rear side of the excavation machine;

A lubricant discharging means having a plurality of lubricant discharging ports formed along the outer periphery of the propulsion pipe;

Blockage preventing means for each discharge port of the lubricant discharging means; And

Guard means for protecting the clogging prevention means from excavation debris generated by the excavation machine;

It characterized in that it comprises a.

Underground excavation equipment according to the present invention,

It is possible to reliably prevent the lubricant discharge port from being blocked by stones, soil, etc., and since the lubricant is discharged smoothly, the excavation work can proceed smoothly with a reduced frictional resistance with the ground (excavation hole), and the ratio of lubricant There is an effect of preventing the phenomenon that the working speed (propulsion speed) decreases due to the smooth discharge.

Even if the progress direction of the excavation machine deviates from the planned excavation direction (set excavation path) and twists, the wrong excavation direction can be quickly and accurately corrected to the planned excavation direction. As it can be carried out, it has the effect of greatly reducing the time and cost required for construction.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an underground excavation equipment according to the present invention,
2 is an enlarged configuration diagram of a main part of "A" of FIG. 1;
Figure 3 is a partial three-dimensional configuration diagram for showing the blockage preventing means and guard means,
Figure 4 is a side and partial cross-sectional configuration diagram for showing the excavation machine, the propulsion pipe and the blockage prevention means configured therein,
5 is a side and partial cross-sectional configuration diagram for showing the guard means,
Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram for showing the interlocking relay of the guard means,
7 is a configuration diagram of an operating state for showing the operation process of the guard means,
8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the guard means.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventors appropriately explain the concept of terms in order to explain their own invention in the best way. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, and do not represent all the technical spirit of the present invention, and various equivalents that can replace them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be water and variations.

Based on FIG. 1, the direction of the excavation machine side is specified as the front or the front, and the propulsion pipe side is the rear or the rear.

1 to 8, the underground excavation equipment according to the present invention,

It is largely composed of an excavation machine (10), a propulsion pipe (20), a lubricant discharging means (30), a clogging prevention means (40) and a guard means (50).

Looking at each configuration,

The excavation machine 10 is

1 to 3,

It is to excavate the ground by receiving the propulsion force from the propulsion device

Hollow cylindrical excavation machine body (11),

A shaft 12 disposed in the front-rear direction at the inner center of the excavation machine body 11,

An excavation head 13 disposed in front of the excavation machine body 10 and axially coupled to the shaft 12, and

Shaft driving unit 14 for transmitting rotational power to the shaft 12

It is made including.

Here, an excavation cutter disposed in various patterns suitable for efficiently excavating the ground is provided on the front surface of the excavation head 13.

In addition, the shaft driving unit 14 may be implemented in a structure capable of transmitting rotational power to the shaft 12, for example, a driven gear axially coupled to the shaft 12, and installed on the excavation machine body 11 And a drive motor having a drive gear, and a drive chain structure that interconnects the driven gear and the drive gear. As a result, the shaft driving unit 14 may be variously deformed and changed within a range that satisfies the condition of allowing the shaft 12 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions.

And as the propulsion device, a known propulsion device configured to provide propulsion using hydraulic pressure can be applied, and the propulsion device is supported at the rear of the propulsion device according to implementation conditions, and the propulsion device is pushed backward due to a reaction against the propulsion force. A reaction wall can be installed to prevent it.

The propulsion pipe 20 is

1 and 3,

To be disposed on the rear side of the excavation machine 10,

It consists of a circular tubular structure.

At this time, the propulsion pipe 20 and the excavation machine body 11 of the excavation machine 10 may be interconnected by a connecting means such as an adapter.

In addition, the propulsion pipe 20 is interposed between the excavation machine body 10 of the excavation machine 10 and the propulsion device, and the number of the propulsion pipes 20 is gradually increased as they are arranged in a row according to the excavation distance.

The lubricant discharging means 30

4 and 5,

It is for discharging lubricant to reduce the frictional resistance with the ground (drilling hole) during excavation work.

A plurality of lubricant discharge ports 31 formed along the outer periphery of the propulsion pipe 20, and

A lubricant supply unit for automatically supplying lubricant to each of the discharge ports 31

It is made including.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, each of the discharge ports 31 has a hole structure inclined from the front to the rear, and the lubricant supply unit surrounds the lower inlet of the discharge port 31 and a supply line connected thereto, and It is connected to the supply line and may be formed of a pumping device or the like that supplies lubricant stored inside or drawn from the outside.

The clogging prevention means 40

As shown in Figures 4 to 8,

In order to prevent each discharge port 31 of the lubricant discharging means 30 from being blocked by excavation debris such as stones and soil,

A first prevention plate 41 connected to the front end of the discharge port 31 in the propulsion pipe 20, and

It is connected to the end of the first prevention plate 41 and extends rearward, and covers the first prevention plate 41 but is spaced apart from the first prevention plate 41 to be concealed and opened rearward therebetween. The second prevention plate 43 forming the final discharge space 42

It is made including.

Eventually, the lubricant discharged through the discharge port 31 can be prevented from clogging of the discharge port 31 through the first and second prevention plates 41 and 43, and the lubricant discharged through the final discharge space 42 is finally discharged. It can be.

The guard means 50 is

As shown in Figures 4 to 8,

To protect the clogging prevention means 40 from collision with excavation debris generated by the excavation machine 10 or the inner wall of the excavation hole,

A plurality of guard holes 51 formed to penetrate inside and outside the front side of the clogging preventing means 40 in the propulsion pipe 20 and disposed radially around the propulsion pipe 20,

The guard head 52 hidden in the guard hole 51, and

Guard head driving unit 53 that transmits the vertical lifting driving force to the guard head 52

It is made including.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the height of the guard head 52 exiting from the guard hole 51 by the guard head driving part 53 is higher than the height of the second prevention plate 43 of the clogging prevention means 40 It is desirable to have a large one. This is to prevent collisions between the inner wall of the excavation hole and the second prevention plate 43 by allowing a spaced distance therebetween.

And as shown in Fig. 4, the guard head driving part 53 has a piston connected to the lower end of the guard head 53, and the piston is built-in, and a pneumatic cylinder body structure that moves the piston up and down by selective supply of air. It can be implemented as

As another example, as shown in FIG. 5, the guard head driving part 53 has an annular flange 531 formed along the outer periphery of the middle portion of the guard head 52, and the upper end of the propulsion pipe 20 At least two elastic springs 532 supported in the area around the guard hole 51 and the lower end supported by the flange 53, and the lower surface of the guard head 52 inclined downward to face each other toward the center thereof. A slider 535 having a pair of tapered surfaces 533 formed, and a pair of corresponding tapered surfaces 534 formed to be in contact with each of the tapered surfaces 533 on the upper surface, and the shaft ( It consists of an interlocking relay unit 54 that receives power from the rotational force of 12) and moves the slider 535 back and forth.

At this time, the interlocking relay unit 54 is connected to the shaft 12 and has an interlocking shaft 541 having a helical part 541a at an end thereof, and the helical part 541a of the interlocking shaft 541 is mutually fastened. An interlocking block 542 having two or more rollers 542b on the inner corresponding spiral portion 542a and upper and lower outer walls, and an accommodation space portion 543a in which the interlocking block 542 is embedded, and a pair of openings in front and rear thereof A housing 543 having a hole 543b, but arranged so that the interlocking shaft 541 passes through the front entrance hole 543b, and a support for fixing the housing 543 in the excavation machine body 11 ( 544), and the interlocking so that one end is supported in the area around the front-side entrance hole 543b of the housing 543 and the interlocking block 542 and is disposed between the front-side entrance hole 543b of the housing 543 The first return spring 545 fitted in the shaft 541, the rear end of the interlocking block 542, and the slider 535 are connected to each other, and pass through the rear entrance hole 543b of the housing 543. It is disposed between the interlocking rod body 546 and the interlocking block 542 and the rear entrance hole 543b of the housing 543 and the other end is supported in the area around the rear entrance hole 543b of the housing. It consists of a second return spring 547 fitted to the interlocking rod body 546.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the interlocking shaft 541 by the shaft 12 in a state in which the rollers 542b of the interlocking block 542 are in contact with the inner wall of the receiving space 543a of the housing 543. When the interlocking block 542 is rotated forward or backward, the interlocking block 542 moves forward or backward, so that the interlocking rod body 546 and the slider 535 connected thereto move forward or backward, and the slider moves The guard head 53 rises through a change in height according to the change in the contact area between the tapered surface 533 and the corresponding tapered surface 534 by 535, exits from the guard hole 51 and protrudes to the outside. When the slider 535 is in its original position, the slider 535 performs a molar operation hidden into the guard hole 51.

And, as shown in Figure 6, the front and rear ends of the interlocking block 542, the ends of the first and second return springs (545, 547) pressed by the interlocking block 542 for linear motion are accommodated. A supported recess 542c is formed.

As shown in FIG. 8, as another example, the means for the protruding and disengaging operation of the guard head 52 includes a support rod 536 connected to the lower end of the guard head 52, and the support rod 535. An elliptical drive roller 538 disposed between the idle roller 537 coupled to the lower end to freely rotate and the support rods 536 disposed on the same straight line and in contact with the idle rollers 537 thereof, It may be made of a roller drive unit 539 such as a drive motor that transmits rotational power to the drive roller 538. As a result, when the idle rollers 537 come into contact with both points of the longest diameter (longest diameter) of the drive roller 538 when the drive roller 538 rotates, the support rod 537 rises and the guard head 52 In addition, it rises and protrudes to the outside.

On the other hand, the underground excavation equipment according to the present invention further includes an excavation direction correction means 60,

The excavation direction correction means 60

1 and 2,

Even if the traveling direction of the excavation machine 10 deviates from the planned excavation direction (set excavation path) and twists, it is to quickly and accurately correct the wrong excavation direction to the planned excavation direction,

A plurality of insert holes 61 formed to penetrate in and out between the excavation machine body 11 and the excavation head 13 of the excavation machine 10 and disposed radially with respect to the center of the excavation machine body 11,

A correction head 62 disposed concealed in the insert hole 61, and

Correction head driving unit 63 for transmitting the vertical lifting driving force to the correction head 62

It is made including.

At this time, the correction head driving unit 63 may be formed of a piston connected to the lower end of the correction head 62, and a pneumatic cylinder structure in which the piston is embedded and moves the piston forward and backward by selective supply of air.

As a result, when the correction head 62 is raised by the correction head driving part 63, that is, when it protrudes to the outside, it comes into contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole, and the drilling machine in the opposite direction in which the correction head 62 pushes the inner wall of the drilling hole ( It can be corrected by changing the excavation direction of 10).

In the above description of the present invention, the "underground excavation equipment" having a specific shape and structure has been mainly described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be variously modified and changed by those skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes are the present invention. It should be construed as falling within the scope of protection.

10: excavation machine
11: excavation machine body
12: shaft
13 excavation head
14: shaft drive unit
20: propulsion tube
30: lubricant discharging means
31: discharge port
40: clogging prevention means
41: first prevention plate
42: final discharge space
43: second prevention plate
50: guard means
51: guard hole
52: guard head
53: guard head driving part
531: flange
532: elastic spring
533: tapered surface
534: corresponding tapered surface
535: slider
536: support rod
537: idle roller
538: drive roller
539: roller drive unit
54: interlocking relay
541: interlocking shaft
541a: spiral
542: interlocking block
542a: Corresponding spiral part
542b: roller
542c: recess
543: housing
543a: receiving space part
543b: entrance hall
544: support
545: first return spring
546: interlocking rod body
547: second return spring
60: excavation direction correction means
61: insert hole
62: correction head
63: correction head drive unit

Claims (7)

An excavation machine 10 that excavates the ground by receiving a propulsion force from a propulsion device;
A propulsion pipe 20 disposed on the rear side of the excavation machine 10;
A lubricant discharging means 30 having a plurality of lubricant discharging ports 31 formed along the outer periphery of the propulsion pipe 20;
Blockage preventing means 40 for each discharge port 31 of the lubricant discharging means 30; And
A guard means (50) for protecting the clogging prevention means (40) from excavation debris generated by the excavation machine (10);
Including,
The clogging prevention means 40 is connected to the first prevention plate 41 connected to the front end of the discharge port 31 in the propulsion pipe 20, and the first prevention plate 41 is connected to the end of the first prevention plate 41 and extends rearward. And a second prevention plate (43) that covers the first prevention plate (41), and forms a final discharge space (42) opened rearward therebetween while covering and concealing the first prevention plate (41) away from the first prevention plate (41). ),
The guard means 50 is formed to penetrate inside and outside the front side of the clogging prevention means 40 in the propulsion pipe 20, and a plurality of guards arranged radially around the propulsion pipe 20 Consisting of a hole 51, a guard head 52 concealed in the guard hole 51, and a guard head driving unit 53 that transmits an up-and-down driving force to the guard head 52,
The height of the guard head 52 exiting from the guard hole 51 by the guard head driving part 53 is greater than the height of the second prevention plate 43 of the clogging prevention means 40,
The excavation machine 10 is disposed in front of the excavation machine body 11, the shaft 12 disposed in the front and rear direction in the inner center of the excavation machine body 11, and the excavation machine body 11 Consisting of an excavation head 13 axially coupled to the shaft 12 and a shaft driving part 14 that transmits rotational power to the shaft 12,
The guard head driving part 53 has an annular flange 531 formed along the outer periphery of the middle part of the guard head 52, and the upper end is around the guard hole 51 in the propulsion pipe 20. Two or more elastic springs 532 supported by the region and supported by the flange 531 at the lower end, and a pair of tapered surfaces formed to be inclined downward so as to face each other toward the center of the lower surface of the guard head 52 ( 533), a slider 535 having a pair of corresponding tapered surfaces 534 formed to be in contact with each of the tapered surfaces 533 on the upper surface, and power is transmitted from the rotational force of the shaft 12 Underground excavation equipment, characterized in that consisting of an interlocking relay (54) for receiving the slider (535) forward and backward.
delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The interlocking relay unit 54 is
An interlocking shaft 541 connected to the shaft 12 and having a helical portion 541a at an end thereof,
An interlocking block 542 having two or more rollers 542b on the upper and lower outer walls and an inner corresponding spiral portion 542a mutually fastened with the spiral portion 541a of the interlocking shaft 541,
It has an accommodation space part 543a in which the interlocking block 542 is embedded and a pair of entrance holes 543b opened before and after the interlocking block 542, and is arranged so that the interlocking shaft 541 passes through the front entrance hole 543b. A housing 543,
A support 544 fixing the housing 543 in the excavation machine body 11,
The interlocking shaft 541 is disposed between the front entrance hole 543b of the housing 543 and the interlocking block 542 and has one end supported in the area around the front entrance hole 543b of the housing 543 A first return spring 545 fitted in,
An interlocking rod body 546 that connects the rear end of the interlocking block 542 and the slider 535 to each other and passes through the rear-side entrance hole 543b of the housing 543,
It is disposed between the interlocking block 542 and the rear entrance hole 543b of the housing 543, and is inserted into the interlocking rod body 546 so that the other end is supported in the area around the rear entrance hole 543b of the housing. Losing second return spring (547)
Consists of,
When each roller 542b of the interlocking block 542 is in contact with the inner wall of the receiving space 543a of the housing 543, the interlocking shaft 541 rotates forward or backward by the shaft 12. As the block 542 performs a linear motion forward or backward, the interlocking rod body 546 and the slider 535 connected thereto are moved forward or rearward, so that the guard head 52 is moved outward. Underground excavation equipment, characterized in that it is possible.
The method of claim 5,
The front and rear ends of the interlocking block 542 are recesses 542c in which the ends of the first and second return springs 545 and 547 pressed by the interlocking block 542 in linear motion are accommodated and supported. Underground excavation equipment, characterized in that the formed.
The method according to any one of claims 1 or 5 or 6,
A plurality of insert holes 61 which are formed to penetrate inside and outside between the excavation machine body 11 and the excavation head 13 of the excavation machine 10 and are radially disposed with respect to the center of the excavation machine body 11 and , Further comprising a correction head 62 disposed concealed in the insert hole 61, and a drilling direction correction means 60 consisting of a correction head driving unit 63 for transmitting a vertical lift driving force to the correction head 62 Underground excavation equipment, characterized in that.

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