KR102168034B1 - Device and method of freely increase the resolution for the bridge displacement sensor by using the pulley system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bridge displacement measurement device. According to the present invention, the bridge displacement measurement device comprises: a housing (110) including an upper end part (111), a lower end part (112), an elastic structure (113), and a support (141); a pulley device set (121) including an upper end part (122), a lower end part (123), a plurality of pulley devices (50), and a reflection plate (127); and a distance measuring sensor (131). According to the present invention, the effectiveness of bridge management can be improved.

Description

A device and method that can freely increase the resolution of a bridge displacement measurement sensor using a pulley {DEVICE AND METHOD OF FREELY INCREASE THE RESOLUTION FOR THE BRIDGE DISPLACEMENT SENSOR BY USING THE PULLEY SYSTEM}

The present invention measures the relative displacement between the upper structure 13 including the deck 11 and the girder 12 of the bridge and the substructure 16 including the abutment or pier 14 and the foundation 15 It relates to a method and apparatus.

Between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge, there is a fixed support type or a movable support type abutment device 17 to secure structural stability of the bridge.

The bridge seating device 17 absorbs the relative displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge by an internal and external load (force) applied to the bridge.

At this time, the relative displacement that is not restored due to a load (force) exceeding the capacity of the abutment device 17 or a deterioration of the function of the abutment device 17 itself (durable life) remains persistent, which hinders the safety of the bridge. It acts as a risk factor.

Therefore, measuring the relative displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge in the vicinity of the bridge seating device 17 or the change of the bridge seating device 17 is a very effective method to check the risk signs of the bridge. will be.

Compared to the conventional displacement measurement mainly measuring only the vertical (vertical) displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 around the abutment device 17 or the abutment device 17, the bridge displacement measurement device to be devised ( 100) measures and analyzes the relative displacement between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 in a complex and constant manner, such as up and down, left and right, and before and after, so as to detect the danger signs of the bridge early, as well as the superstructure at all times. By providing the relative displacement data of (13) and the substructure (16), it will enable continuous bridge safety management, such as determining when to replace the bridge seating device (17).

As already mentioned in the technical field, in general, multi-span bridges have a superstructure (13) including a deck (11) and a girder (12), and a bridge (14) and a foundation (15) to ensure structural stability. A fixed support type or a movable support type abutting device 17 is installed between the lower structures 16 including the.

The abutment device 17 is the upper structure 13 and the lower structure caused by external forces such as impact, fatigue, heat deformation, sedimentation and earthquake, wind, etc. according to live and dead loads applied to the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 (16) It is an important component to secure the stability of the bridge by absorbing and allowing the relative movement and rotational displacement.

The seating device 17 is made of a variety of materials and forms, and a steel structure or a composite structure in which an elastic body is inserted into the steel structure is mainly used to serve as a moving end and a rotating end.

When an external force (wind load, earthquake load, temporary live load, etc.) of the bridge is applied, the bridge seating device 17 absorbs it, causes deformation, and when the applied external force is removed, it is restored to its original state and moved to its original position. However, if a repetitive external force or excessive external force is applied, even if the external force is removed, it is not restored to its original state, but causes permanent deformation in the vertical, forward and horizontal directions, and as a result, the function of the seating device 17 is lost.

Therefore, the deformation of the abutment device 17 or the adjacent part is a measure of the deformation of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16, as well as the deformation of the abutment device 17, as well as the overall deformation of the bridge. Deformation exceeding the range can be judged as a preliminary warning for the safety of the bridge, so it is essential to accurately measure and analyze it at an appropriate time for bridge safety management.

The existing method of measuring the displacement of the bridge seating device 17 is only temporarily measuring the displacement in the vertical direction only when the bridge or the bridge seating device 17 is repaired. In addition, since the displacement is temporarily measured only when the upper structure 13 is lifted by using a hydraulic device for repair work, the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the lower structure 16 and the change of the external force be changed due to changes in hydraulic pressure or external force during the bridge repair work Even if the spacing between the upper structures 13 is different, this cannot be reflected during maintenance work. Therefore, it may be a factor that threatens the safety of the bridge by causing a load imbalance between the piers 14 after the repair work.

Displacement measuring devices used in the past are relatively expensive compared to resolution, so displacement measurement is impossible at all times, so they are only used for bridge repair.

Therefore, it is not possible to monitor the displacement of the bridge at all times, and thus the safety of the bridge is deteriorating.

It is intended to propose a method of remarkably increasing the resolution compared to the price by introducing a mechanical device such as a pulley so that the resolution of the measuring device can be easily adjusted.

In addition, a three-dimensional displacement measurement, inexpensive bridge displacement measurement device 100 is installed on the bridge at all times to measure the displacement state at all times and provide information at any time to improve the reliability of the measurement data and ensure the safety of the bridge.

In addition, real-time measurement data is converted into big data over a long period of time and analyzed to lay the foundation for presenting causes and countermeasures for bridge displacement and damage.

In addition, the bridge displacement measurement device 100 presented in the present invention will adopt a form capable of blocking disturbances (environmental variables such as dust, light, noise, vibration, airflow, snow, rain, fog, etc.) due to outdoor measurement. In order to be applicable to various bridges of structural or type, the convenience of mounting will be provided and structural variability will be secured.

In the present invention, in order to measure the relative displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge, the three-dimensional displacement measurement and constant measurement, the introduction of the pulley principle, and the modularization of the displacement measuring device, characterized by low cost. It is intended to introduce a measuring device 100 and a displacement measuring method.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the upper end 111 is seated on the lower surface of the upper structure 13 of the bridge, the lower end 112 is seated on the upper surface of the lower structure 16 of the bridge, the upper end 111 and the A housing 110 including an elastic structure 113 disposed between the lower end 112 and a support 141 coupled to the upper surface of the lower end 112; The upper portion 122 coupled to the lower surface of the upper portion 111, the lower portion 123 coupled to the upper end of the support 141, a plurality of portions coupled to the upper portion 122 and the lower portion 123 A pulley device set (121) comprising a pulley device (50), and a reflective plate (127) coupled to one end of a plurality of wires (125) each drawn from the plurality of pulley devices (50); And a distance measuring sensor 131 disposed on the upper surface of the lower end 112 to measure a distance to the reflective plate 127, and the pulley device 50 is disposed on the upper end 122 A pulley set 51 that is combined and includes one or more pulleys 124; B pulley set 52 which is coupled to the lower part 123 and includes one or more pulleys 124; And one end is fixed to the A pulley set 51 or the B pulley set 52, and is sequentially connected to the pulley 124 of the A pulley set 51 and the B pulley set 52, the rest A bridge displacement measuring device 100 may be provided, characterized in that one end includes a wire 125 coupled to the reflective plate 127.

In the present invention, in measuring the relative displacement between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 in each of the bridge seating devices 17, the resolution for the measurement can be freely adjusted, but the price is inexpensive and it is displaced in three dimensions. It relates to a method and device designed to be able to measure, and is constantly installed throughout the working period, including the time for raising, lowering, and stabilizing the superstructure (13) during the replacement work of the bridge seating device (17). For the purpose of visualizing and managing the design distance between the upper structure (13) and the lower structure (16) designed in case of work-to-work displacement and lowering, etc. with quantified data, and to be installed around the abutment device (17) of a single bridge at all times A high-resolution bridge displacement measuring device 100 and method aiming to increase the effectiveness of bridge management by constantly monitoring the relative displacement of the structure 13 and the substructure 16, and the effects are as follows.

First, the resolution of the bridge displacement measuring device is improved.

The present invention adopts a pulley to change the number of pulleys 124 freely and apply it, and select a desired resolution as needed, and theoretically, it is possible to infinitely improve the resolution of measurement.

For example, in FIG. 2, if a pulley employing one pulley 124 is used for the existing measuring device, only the resolution of the conventional measuring device can be obtained, but if two pulleys 124 are used, three resolutions of twice the resolution are adopted. If the N pulleys 124 with a resolution of 3 times are adopted, it is possible to obtain a measurement resolution of N times.

Furthermore, in the case of measuring displacement by fixing both ends, the resolution of the highest distance measurement sensor implemented by the current technology can be further increased by a desired multiple.

Second, supply the bridge displacement measuring device 100 inexpensively and improve the reliability of the measurement results.

Compared to the conventional device that measures only the vertical displacement in one dimension, the device designed this time provides three-dimensional displacement information such as vertical, left and right, and front and rear, thereby improving reliability.

In addition, it is possible to adjust the resolution of the displacement measuring device by a simple method of changing the number of pulley pulleys 124, so that the bridge displacement measuring device 100, which is cheaper than the resolution, will be supplied.

Third, real-time provision of bridge displacement information and construction of big data

By using a pulley to reduce the manufacturing cost of the measuring device and based on this, the relative displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 for each seating device 17 can be measured at all times, thereby providing real-time information of the measurement result and By converting long-term measurement results into Big Data, it will be possible to analyze the cause of the displacement or damage of the bridge in the long term and to suggest countermeasures.

Fourth, securing reliability and worker safety for bridge repair work.

In general, when the seating device 17 is replaced, it must be managed to maintain a constant distance between the bridge upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 before and after the work for each seating device 17. Even after replacing (17) and removing the hydraulic key, the maintenance and maintenance of the design distance should be checked and managed during the maintenance period (stabilization period).

However, when replacing the existing seating device 17, the operator measures and manages the distance between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 periodically using a tape measure or a one-dimensional (vertical) displacement meter. Therefore, the displacement is measured only when the upper structure 13 is first raised and then removed.

For this reason, a gap period in displacement management occurs after the upper structure (13) is raised, and due to changes in hydraulic pressure and other loads, it is necessary to secure a certain (design) distance between the upper structure (13) and the lower structure (16). Reliability is significantly impaired, and this leads to an imbalance in the load distribution between the piers 14 after work, which will act as a factor that shortens the safety and life of the bridge.

In addition, the risk of the worker increases and time and cost are wasted by repeating the worker's frequent entry to the top of the pier 14 located at the high place.

In summary, the bridge displacement measuring device 100 devised this time adopts the principle of a pulley to drastically lower the manufacturing cost (about 1/5 of the existing one) to measure the displacement at all times during the bridge repair work period and measure the measured value. Based on this, it is possible to adjust the distance between the upper structure (13) and the lower structure (16) from time to time, solving the load imbalance problem between the piers (14) that occurs during work, reducing the risk of workers due to frequent displacement measurements at high places, and repairing. It will reduce working time and cost.

1 is a view showing the basic structure of a bridge.
2 is a view showing a pulley device 50 whose displacement is adjusted according to the number of pulleys of the pulley.
3 is a view showing another example of a pulley device configured differently.
FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a pulley device set 121 including a pulley device 50 shown in FIG. 2 and a displacement measuring device 120 for a pulley using a distance measuring sensor 131 and a pulley and wire connection sequence Figure shown.
5 is a view showing the exterior and internal structure of the measuring device of the present invention in an isometric, elevation, and plan view.
6 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional measuring method of the present invention.

The present invention includes a displacement measuring device 120 for a pulley and a sealed housing 110 having elastic force, and aims at three-dimensional measurement of the relative displacement between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of a bridge. It features a bridge displacement measuring device 100 and a method, and in more detail as follows.

First, the distance measurement sensor 131 part.

The distance measurement sensor 131 is characterized in that it is any one or more capable of measuring distance or displacement, such as a laser sensor or an infrared sensor that stably operates in an environment where natural light is blocked, and to compensate for stretching and contracting according to the temperature of the bridge member. Install a sensor that can measure temperature and humidity.

Second, the displacement measuring device 120 for a pulley portion for improving and adjusting the measurement resolution.

The present invention freely improves the resolution of the distance measurement sensor 131 by including the pulley device set 121 and the distance measurement sensor 131 consisting of multiple pulley devices 50 consisting of one or more pulleys 124 It features a displacement measuring device 120 for pulleys that can be adjusted and adjusted.

The pulley device 50 is a pulley set A 51 and a B pulley set 52 composed of one or more pulleys 124 in various forms as shown in Figs. Including any one of the wires that can quantitatively control the wire 125, the relative displacement of the A pulley set 51 and the B pulley set 52 in the direction of gravity weight 53 or any direction It is connected to at least one end of the spring or reel 54 that is installed as a pulley and is designed to be calculated as the displacement of the end of the unfixed wire which increases in proportion to the number of pulleys.

The pulley device set 121 is composed of an upper portion 122 and a lower portion 123 that can be attached to the end of the object to be measured, and each portion has a number of pulleys 124 determined according to the desired resolution. , In addition, each pulley 124 of the upper part 122 and the lower part 123 is not stretchable or at least a wire capable of quantitatively controlling the amount of stretching or contracting under the weight (load) of the reflective plate 127 for measurement Any one of the wires 125 is sequentially connected, and one end of the wire 125 is connected to a dial 126 capable of fixing and adjusting the length of the wire, and the other end is a reflective plate 127 for measurement. Is fixed to

Figure 4 is an embodiment of the present invention using a pulley device set 121 in which four pulley devices 50 are combined, as an upper part 122 and a lower part 123 of the pulley device set 121, respectively, as required. It shows a method of determining the number of pulleys 124 and connecting the wires 125 to the reflective plate 127 for measurement. For example, a wire to the point A of the reflective plate 127 for measurement in <Example of wire configuration> of FIG. The order in which the ends are connected starts with the wire adjustment and fixed dial 126 and proceeds in the order of the pulley 124 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 10-1. Finally, it is fixed on the reflective plate 127 for measurement.

In <Example of wire configuration> of FIG. 4, the pulley 124 10 includes a function to change the direction, and the pulley 124 10-1 horizontally moves the position as much as necessary to the final end regardless of vertical or horizontal displacement. The pulley displacement measurement device 120 of the present invention is a method of varying the number and arrangement of the pulleys 124 according to the shape and required resolution of the object to be measured. There is a feature that can be configured as, and the pulley device 50 can also be devised in various forms as illustrated in FIG. 3.

Third, a portion of the closed structure housing 110 having an elastic force.

The housing 110 is an airtight structure to effectively block disturbances (environmental variables such as dust, light, noise, vibration, airflow, snow, rain, fog, etc.), and various types between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16. It is a self-adjusting elastic structure corresponding to the distance, characterized in that it is composed of a detachable upper portion 111, lower portion 112, elastic structure 113, and a sealing membrane (membrane) 114.

The elastic structure of the housing 110 includes the function of an elastic body made of an elastic material, and in more detail, it is installed between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge to provide elastic strength that can be fixed by its own elastic force. At the same time as having the shape to conform to the horizontal displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16, the shape is characterized in that the elastic structure 113 is designed in various ways according to the purpose.

The sealing structure of the housing 110 is characterized in that it is sealed by wrapping the outside of the elastic structure 113 in the form of one or more membranes (membrane) 114 among materials that have elasticity, waterproof, dustproof, and durability against the external environment. do.

The upper part 111 and the lower part 112 of the housing 110 are parts that are seated on the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge, and have a structure that can be leveled when installed, and the bridge displacement measuring device 100 It is characterized in that to ensure the level of the, and in more detail, the upper part 111 includes a plurality of height adjustment feet 115 that can be stably fixed horizontally to the lower surface of the bridge superstructure 13, and the lower part ( 112 includes a number of height adjustment feet 115 that can be stably fixed horizontally on the upper surface of the bridge substructure 16, and the elastic structure 113 and the sealing membrane between the upper part 111 and the lower part 112 (Mak) 114 is settled.

Fourth, each part of the bridge displacement measurement device 100 is modularized and can be separated and assembled, and in more detail, the housing 110, the pulley device set 121, the distance measurement sensor 131 and the data It is divided into a treatment device 132 and an inner height adjustment support 141, and in particular, the housing 110 is separated into an upper part 111, a lower part 112, an elastic structure 113, and a sealing membrane (membrane) 114. , It is designed to be assembled and installed by adjusting to the characteristics of the bridge to be installed (various distances between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16).

Fifth, three-dimensional displacement measurement.

The vertical displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge is the change in the vertical distance value (Z) of the reflective plate 127 for measurement in the vertical upward direction from the distance measurement sensor 131 as shown in FIG. Is calculated as In more detail, the relative vertical displacement between the bridge superstructure 13 and the substructure 16 becomes the measured value Z divided by the magnification N.

The horizontal displacement of the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge is due to the characteristic of the present invention that the wire 125 connected to the measurement reflective plate 127 always maintains vertical in the direction of gravity as shown in FIG. Based on this, it is calculated as a change in the horizontal distance value (X-X') of the measurement reflective plate 127, and a measurement method using each distance measurement sensor in the orthogonal two-axis direction or the measurement reflective plate 127 At least one or more methods, such as a method of acquiring coordinates in response to light emitted by the distance measuring sensor 131 at the lower end, etc. are used.

As can be seen from Figure 6, the occurrence of the vertical displacement in the present invention bridge displacement measurement device 100 does not affect the horizontal displacement calculation, the occurrence of the horizontal displacement (d) is the pulley device set 121, the upper part 122 The pulley 124 of the pulley 124 and the lower part 123 of the wire 125 connecting the pulley 124 causes a slight change in angle (k), which is a factor that affects the calculation of the vertical displacement, but the horizontal displacement (d), the result value The vertical displacement and angle (k) before correction is a value that is measured or calculated, so the final vertical displacement is calculated by the geometrical equation.

Sixth, the bridge displacement measurement device 100 data processing.

The algorithm for processing displacement data obtained from the bridge displacement measuring device 100 of the present invention is to analyze the excess change based on the analysis of the range of the designed normal behavior between the upper structure 13 and the lower structure 16 of the bridge. It is characterized. In more detail, the risk of instantaneous displacement due to wind load, earthquake load, temporary live load, etc. is judged as an unrecovered amount of change by analyzing the difference in displacement before and after the occurrence of external force, and the expansion and contraction displacement according to temperature load is always monitored. Treated as normal displacement (constant).

The bridge displacement measurement device 100 is characterized in that it has a structure capable of processing, storing, and transmitting data, and in more detail, the displacement data acquired from each bridge displacement measurement device 100 is a wired bridge consisting of a bridge pier 14 unit. Alternatively, the data is stored for each pier 14 and transmitted to the final terminal device through wireless communication. The data stored in the final terminal device for each pier 14 is transmitted to a device characterized by at least one of an operation processor or a server through wired or wireless communication.

Seventh, data collection, analysis, visualization algorithm and S/W part.

The server includes S/W programmed with an algorithm for collecting and analyzing data, and the final processing result is visualized in 3D form and displayed on a computer monitor.

11 (bridge) base plate
12 (bridge) girder
13 (bridge) superstructure
14 pier
15 (pier) foundation
16 (bridge) substructure
17 Seating device
50 pulley device
51 Pulley device A pulley set
52 Pulley device B pulley set
53 weight
54 spring or reel
100 Displacement measuring device
110 housing
111 (housing) upper part
112 (housing) lower part
113 (housing) elastic structure
114 (Housing) Membrane (membrane)
115 (housing) height adjustable feet
Displacement measuring device for 120 pulley
121 Pulley Device Set
122 Upper part of displacement measuring device for pulley
123 Lower part of displacement measuring device for pulley
124 pulley
125 wire
126 wire adjustable and fixed dial
127 Reflective plate for measurement
131 Distance measuring sensor
132 Data processing device
141 Support

Claims (12)

The upper portion 111 seated on the lower surface of the upper structure 13 of the bridge, the lower portion 112 seated on the upper surface of the lower structure 16 of the bridge, and disposed between the upper portion 111 and the lower portion 112 A housing 110 including an elastic structure 113, and a support 141 coupled to the upper surface of the lower end 112;
The upper portion 122 coupled to the lower surface of the upper portion 111, the lower portion 123 coupled to the upper end of the support 141, a plurality of portions coupled to the upper portion 122 and the lower portion 123 A pulley device set (121) comprising a pulley device (50), and a reflective plate (127) coupled to one end of a plurality of wires (125) each drawn from the plurality of pulley devices (50); And
It is disposed on the upper surface of the lower part 112, and includes a distance measuring sensor 131 for measuring the distance to the reflective plate 127,
The pulley device 50,
A pulley set 51 which is coupled to the upper part 122 and includes one or more pulleys 124;
B pulley set 52 which is coupled to the lower part 123 and includes one or more pulleys 124; And
One end is fixed to the A pulley set 51 or the B pulley set 52, and is sequentially connected to the pulley 124 of the A pulley set 51 and the B pulley set 52, and the other Bridge displacement measurement device (100), characterized in that the end comprises a wire (125) coupled to the reflective plate (127). The method of claim 1,
The pulley device (50) is a bridge displacement measuring device (100), characterized in that the combination by varying the number and arrangement of the pulleys 124 according to the shape and required resolution of the object to be measured. delete The method of claim 2,
Bridge displacement measurement device (100), characterized in that it is possible to measure the relative displacement of the upper structure (13) and the lower structure (16) of the bridge in three dimensions. The method of claim 4,
Characterized in a sealed structure that blocks disturbances (environmental variables such as dust, light, noise, vibration, airflow, snow, rain, fog, etc.) that may affect the measured value of the distance measurement sensor 131 Bridge displacement measurement device (100). delete The method of claim 4,
The housing 110 is a bridge displacement measuring device 100, characterized in that the distance between the upper structure (13) and the lower structure (16) of the bridge is divided into a predetermined section and applied. The method of claim 4,
Bridge displacement measurement device (100), characterized in that the transmission and reception of the displacement measurement data of the bridge displacement measurement device (100) wired or wirelessly. The method of claim 4,
Bridge displacement measurement device 100 including a server that checks the validity and processes the data measured by the plurality of bridge displacement measurement devices 100 installed for each of the bridge displacement measurement devices 100 when replacing the bridge system 17 of a single bridge. ). The method of claim 4,
Bridge displacement measurement device 100, including a server that monitors the displacement in real time by utilizing the bridge displacement measurement device 100 that is always installed for each of the single bridge seating devices 17. The method of claim 1,
The support 141 is a bridge displacement measuring device 100, characterized in that the height is adjustable. The method of claim 1,
The upper part 111 and the lower part 112 each include a plurality of height adjustment feet 115 that can be horizontally fixed to the lower surface of the upper structure 13 of the bridge or the upper surface of the lower structure 16 Bridge displacement measurement device 100.

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