KR102166530B1 - Continuous operation type waste plastic emulsifying device and emulsifying process by module assembly method with rotating screw mounted inside - Google Patents

Abstract

In regards to a technical field of a pyrolysis emulsifying device for waste plastic which is a polymer compound, the present invention relates to the pyrolysis emulsifying device having a structure for connecting a plurality of pyrolysis reactors of the same module form in parallel in a horizontal direction. A connection pipe for connecting two adjacent pyrolysis reactors is installed therebetween, and a connection pipe screw for transferring a pyrolysis substance of an adjacent pyrolysis reactor to a neighboring pyrolysis reactor is embedded in the connection pipe. The connection pipe screw continuously transfers the pyrolysis substance of the adjacent pyrolysis reactor to the neighboring pyrolysis reactor while rotating at uniform speeds, thereby effectively preventing blockage of the connection pipe. A pyrolysis reactor screw is embedded in the pyrolysis reactor and continuously transfers a pyrolysis substance forward while rotating at uniform low speeds, thereby preventing coke from adhering to an inner wall of a reactor. The pyrolysis reactor screw and the connection pipe screw are connected to each other to control formation of coke inside a waste plastic pyrolysis emulsifying device and move a pyrolysis substance, which is a sticky viscous substance, at uniform speeds, thereby improving pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis emulsifying device. Therefore, waste plastic refined oil that contains less impurities and does not have a strong odor is produced. Compared with a conventional continuous pyrolysis emulsifying device of a vertical serial installation method, the present invention has the advantage of being convenient to install and maintain, and to simply and easily increase production capacity by additionally installing pyrolysis reactors of the same module in parallel in a horizontal direction without being subject to any limitation of altitude.

Description

Continuous operation type waste plastic emulsifying device and emulsifying process by module assembly method with rotating screw mounted inside}

The present invention relates to a waste plastic emulsification apparatus and an emulsification method, and more particularly, in a continuous operation type emulsification apparatus consisting of a batch type emulsification apparatus driven by a single pyrolysis reactor and a plurality of pyrolysis chambers or pyrolysis reactors. The formation of a large amount of coke on the inner wall of the pyrolysis reaction, which has been a problem, decreases the production yield and increases the risk of fire, produces low-quality refined oil with a poisonous odor, and increases the consumption of heating fuel due to the decrease in the thermal conductivity of the pyrolysis reaction. A module assembly method with rotating screws installed inside to increase the safety and economic efficiency of device operation by solving various problems such as the difficulty of installation and maintenance due to the complexity of the device structure, increase in cost, and technical difficulties in increasing production capacity It relates to a continuous operation of waste plastic emulsification apparatus and emulsification method.

The increase in personal income in line with economic development has led to a continuous increase in the use of various plastics, and the rapid increase in waste plastics according to this resulted in a global waste plastic crisis without effective treatment methods. Waste plastics are naturally decomposed. It takes 400-500 years and pollutes the groundwater system around the landfill where they are buried, seriously destroys the ecosystem of rivers and seas, and pollutes the atmosphere by generating large amounts of carbon monoxide and dioxin harmful to the human body during incineration. Etc. The harm is very great. Korea is also causing serious environmental pollution, which cannot be an exception, and is having difficulty in its treatment, causing a large waste of renewable energy sources. Therefore, there is a continuous demand for the development of treatment technology that can effectively recover the environment and waste renewable energy sources.

In response to this, a treatment technology using a pyrolysis method that can effectively treat waste plastics has been developed.

Existing emulsification facilities are generally divided into a manual pyrolysis and emulsification device (Batch type) using one pyrolysis reactor and a continuous operation pyrolysis and emulsification device using a plurality of pyrolysis reactors or pyrolysis chambers.

The one-time waste pyrolysis of the manual pyrolysis emulsifier (Batch Type) generally takes more than 24 hours per rotation, and its throughput is also extremely limited. If the waste is excessively filled, pyrolysis will not occur sufficiently in the pyrolysis reactor, and the internal temperature of the pyrolysis reactor for pyrolysis of waste plastics is usually between 350 and 500℃, and the temperature of the wall of the reactor is 100 to 150℃ higher than this. As it is maintained, a considerable amount of coke layer is formed on the wall of the reactor around the hot spot where the actual heat source is transmitted. The generation of coke leads to an increase in the amount of residue, which results in a significant decrease in the yield of refined oil and the production of low-quality refined milk that consumers avoid using by containing a poisonous odor and a large amount of impurities caused by the coking phenomenon.

In addition, the increase of the coke layer on the inner wall of the pyrolysis reaction furnace thus formed decreases the heat transfer efficiency between the heating device and the pyrolysis reaction furnace, causing a gradual increase in operating temperature, increasing the consumption of heating fuel, and eventually stopping the operation of the emulsification process. Is brought. At the same time, the wax component that is not completely decomposed by thermal decomposition gradually blocks the sulfide gas pipe piping, causing a very large fire risk. The manual pyrolysis reactor (Batch Type) is causing another environmental pollution due to its low production yield, low quality refined oil that consumers neglect, generation of a large amount of residue as another waste, relatively high power consumption, and high fire risk. In addition to this, in the existing batch type emulsification equipment, in general, the rotation shaft of the motor directly drives the rotation of the pyrolysis reactor itself. Due to the large diameter of the reactor and the large torque, it is difficult for the drive shaft and the pyrolysis reactor connection shaft to have the same coaxiality. Therefore, it is easy to damage and cut the drive shaft, resulting in a high facility loss rate and an increase in production cost.

Prior art literature

Patent Literature

(Patent Document 1) 10-2059937 Waste pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method

(Patent Document 2) 10-1045600-Pyrolysis and emulsification device for waste plastics

Considering the continuous operation type pyrolysis and emulsification apparatus of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, which use a plurality of pyrolysis reactors or pyrolysis chambers, there are the following problems.

Patent No. 10-2059937 discloses a waste pyrolysis emulsifier and pyrolysis method, which connects three pyrolysis chambers vertically from top to bottom in a single body pyrolysis section. The waste transfer speed of the first, second, and third pyrolysis chambers is controlled based on the set temperature of each pyrolysis chamber. If a plurality of pyrolysis chambers are installed in multiple stages from top to bottom in this way, it is easy for waste to go down to the pyrolysis chambers from top to bottom by the action of gravity. However, the method of moving the waste between the pyrolysis chambers depending on gravity and the method of controlling the transfer speed of the waste in the pyrolysis reactor according to the set temperature standard have the following defects.

(1) This method is suitable for non-viscous waste, and if the viscosity of the waste is relatively high or there is a coking phenomenon during pyrolysis reaction, it is easy to cause clogging of the connecting pipe and adversely affect the operation and production efficiency of the device.

(2) When waste goes down from one pyrolysis chamber to another, the waste presses down on the previously descended waste under the influence of gravity acceleration, which makes it easy to coke the waste in the reactor together. This has a very high risk of fire as well as adversely affecting the pyrolysis efficiency. At the same time, it leads to the production of low quality refined milk containing many impurities.

(3) The multi-stage vertically connected pyrolysis chamber emulsification device requires a complex support, and the difficulty of installing the emulsification device is relatively high. In addition, the support safety of the equipment is low, and the support device of a complex structure increases additional equipment elements.

(4) Emulsification equipment of the vertical and vertical series continuous operation method has a height limitation, which limits productivity to a certain range of production. In addition, inspection and maintenance of equipment is difficult, and it is difficult to increase production capacity.

(5) Each pyrolysis reactor is not independent, and three pyrolysis chambers are vertically connected in a single body, so that the heated hot air moves from the third reaction furnace at the bottom to the first reaction furnace at the top and opens the pyrolysis chamber. By heating, it is virtually impossible to control the set temperature.

(6) As the transfer speed of waste in each pyrolysis chamber is different, it is impossible to control the transfer of waste in the entire pyrolysis section. Therefore, a serious collision occurs in the transfer of waste between each pyrolysis chamber, which leads to the risk of fire, frequent breakdowns, and production of poor quality refined oil.

(7) It is said that the temperature of the second pyrolysis chamber is maintained at 350-450°C, and the temperature of the third pyrolysis chamber immediately below is maintained at 160-180°C to prevent the risk of fire of the discharged residue. There is no possibility at all to reduce the width to -270℃ in an emulsifying device of a continuous operation method.

(8) This method, which relies solely on the pyrolysis method, is an uneconomical emulsifying device that discharges a large amount of tar, which is a plastic material, and produces a low-quality refined oil containing a large amount of impurities because the waste, which is a polymer compound, cannot be completely molecularly decomposed into a low molecular compound. .

Patent No. 10-1045600 discloses a waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification device, which vertically arranges the pyrolysis device from top to bottom from 1st to 4th. This method automatically controls the injection of waste plastic with a weighing device installed at the bottom of the entire device. When it is full, the overflowing emulsified material flows back to the second pyrolysis unit in the second stage at the top, and after pyrolysis, is transferred to the third pyrolysis unit in the third stage at the bottom, and then transferred to the fourth pyrolysis unit in the fourth stage and finally It is a very complex way of discharging residues and has the following drawbacks.

(1) A weighing device is installed at the bottom of the support stand that supports the entire emulsifying device, and it supports the total weight of more than tens tons of the emulsifying device, which is continuously operated, so a very small amount of intermittent input (about 7Kg per minute: 1) Measuring the increase in weight of waste plastic with a daily treatment capacity of 10,000Kg) makes it difficult to open and close the material input port accurately due to interference factors such as mechanical vibration caused by the operation of the pyrolysis reactor, resulting in frequent operation stoppages.

(2) In particular, when the emulsified material moves from the first pyrolysis part in the first stage to the second pyrolysis part in the second stage through the waste plastic receiving pipe in the third stage, these devices move by mixing the molten material and the distillation gas. Heat resistance and movement resistance due to the difference in specific gravity between foreign substances cause frequent driving difficulties.

(3) Frequent stagnation due to the movement resistance of emulsified substances and distillation gas increases the caulking phenomenon inside each reactor, resulting in a decrease in yield and quality, shortening the life of the device, and a high risk of fire.

(4) Complex facility structure increases the cost of petroleum equipment, and it is very difficult to install and maintain, which is the main reason for increasing production cost.

(5) It has a structural weakness that makes it very difficult to increase production capacity.

The present invention provides convenience of installation and maintenance by supplementing the technically inadequate parts of the above-described manual (Batch Type) emulsifying device and the vertical vertical series emulsifying device, and a pyrolysis reactor equipped with a screw inside. This is a method of adding a module-type pyrolysis reactor to a plurality of pyrolysis reactors installed side by side by making a module, thereby simply increasing the production capacity with low cost and effort, and heating waste and its emulsified material at a constant rate. It is continuously transferred to the neighboring pyrolysis reactor without resistance, and suppresses the formation of a coke layer that is carbonized and adhered to the wall of the pyrolysis reaction in a large amount, centering on the hot spot where the heat source is supplied when heating the pyrolysis reaction furnace. By increasing the heat efficiency by increasing the heat transfer area between the heating furnace and the pyrolysis reaction furnace, the consumption of fuel required for heating is reduced, and a large amount of wax components contained in the emulsified gas is reduced to eliminate the high fire risk of the device due to clogging of the emulsified gas pipe. At the same time, it is to provide a continuous waste plastic emulsification device and an emulsification method of an automatic operation method that can produce high quality waste plastic refined oil with little poisonous smell and impurities by preventing coke formation and adhesion on the inner wall of the pyrolysis reactor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions.

Waste plastic crusher that pulverizes waste plastic to less than 50mm x 50mm and sends it to the material supply device,

A material supply device that heats the pulverized waste plastic using exhaust gas waste heat and supplies it to the first pyrolysis reactor at a rate of 16Kg per minute,

Exhaust gas heat exchanger to maintain the temperature of the waste plastic input to the material supply device at 50-60℃,

Six pyrolysis reactors connected by interconnecting pipes that cause the pyrolysis of waste plastics installed horizontally in a module assembly method.

Pyrolysis reactor screws that transfer waste plastics and pyrolysis materials to the front of the pyrolysis reactor,

A heating furnace equipped with an oil burner and a gas burner to heat the pyrolysis reaction furnace

A connection pipe connecting two adjacent pyrolysis reactors and a connection pipe screw with a built-in transfer screw that helps transport pyrolysis materials inside the connection pipe,

The first and second catalyst towers installed at the top of the second and fifth pyrolysis reactors,

A water separation tank for separating moisture from the emulsified gas transferred from the catalyst tower,

Two cooling condensers to liquefy sulfide gas,

Three gas purification tanks for stabilizing uncondensed petroleum gas remaining without being liquefied in the cooling condenser,

An oil storage tank for storing liquefied oil in the cooling condenser,

An exhaust gas purification device that purifies the exhaust gas discharged from the heating furnace,

The temperature of the pyrolysis reaction furnace is controlled in connection with the electronic sensitive thermometer and pressure gauge and heating furnace installed on the pyrolysis reaction furnace by the stored data base,

It includes a PLC control cabinet (PLC Control Cabinet) that controls the rotation of the pyrolysis reactor screw and the connecting pipe screw to demonstrate the automatic operation of the pyrolysis and emulsification device.

Among them, six pyrolysis reactors installed horizontally side by side, a connection pipe is installed between two adjacent pyrolysis reactors, and in the above-described connection pipe, pyrolysis materials are seamlessly adjacent to each other at a uniform rate in one pyrolysis reactor. A connecting pipe screw used to send to other pyrolysis reactors is included, and between the thermal insulation wall and the inner wall of the pyrolysis reactor, the hot air pipe through which the hot air formed in the heating furnace passes, and the blocking blade that divides the hot air pipe into the upper and lower parts, and the pyrolysis reaction furnace It includes a PLC control device that controls the rotation speed of the screw and the connecting pipe screw and the temperature inside the pyrolysis reactor.

Among them, the pyrolysis and emulsification device is made by assembling six pyrolysis reactor modules of the same standard horizontally side by side, and increases production capacity by adding modules.

Among them, the connecting pipe is installed at the bottom of the above-described pyrolysis reactor, and at the same time, it is installed between the above-described pyrolysis reactors.

Among them, the inclination angles of the screw fins of the pyrolysis reactor screws inside the two adjacent pyrolysis reactors are opposite to each other, and therefore, the movement directions of the pyrolysis materials in the adjacent pyrolysis reactors are opposite to each other.

Among them, the outlet of the pyrolysis material in the pyrolysis reactor is connected to the entrance to the adjacent thermal decomposition reactor through a connection pipe.

Among them, a pyrolysis reactor screw is installed inside the pyrolysis reactor to transfer pyrolysis materials forward, and the screw shaft is connected to a driving connecting part that drives the rotation of the pyrolysis reactor screw, and the driving connecting part is a motor and a motor. It includes a speed reducer connected to, a connection shaft connected to the speed reducer, a screw shaft connected to the connection shaft, a first coupling device installed between the connection shaft and the screw shaft, and a second coupling device and a rotor shaft installed between the drive shaft and the connection shaft of the reducer.

Among them, the first coupling device and the second coupling device are configured in any of several methods among a flange fitting, a plugging, a multi-jaw method, and a chain connection method.

Among them, a first seal cover and a second seal cover are installed between the screw shaft and the connection shaft of the pyrolysis reactor, and the inside of the second seal cover is filled with a heat-resistant packing filler. One end of the first seal cover is fixed to the end of the pyrolysis reaction, and the other end is fixed to the second seal cover.

Among them, the temperature inside the pyrolysis reactor is controlled at 150-200°C (air temperature inside the reactor), and most of the moisture contained in the waste plastic is evaporated, and these are transferred to the second pyrolysis reactor through a connection pipe. With the first pyrolysis reactor;

Among them, the temperature inside the pyrolysis reaction furnace is controlled at 200-250°C, and in the waste plastic, the naphtha component with a low boiling point begins to partially vaporize and is sent to the first catalyst tower at the top, and the remaining material is paste ( A second pyrolysis reactor that is transformed into a paste) and sent to the third pyrolysis reaction;

Among them, the temperature inside the pyrolysis reactor is controlled at 280-350°C, and the emulsified gas in which most of the naphtha and some diesel oils are vaporized is sent to the first catalyst tower, and the remaining paste is A third pyrolysis reactor transformed into a plastic material and transferred to a fourth pyrolysis reactor;

Among them, the temperature inside the pyrolysis reaction furnace is controlled at 350-400°C, the gas oil is vaporized, the vaporized emulsified gas is sent to the second catalyst tower, and the remaining paste is transferred to the fifth pyrolysis reactor. With reactor;

Among them, the temperature inside the pyrolysis reaction furnace is controlled at 380-420°C, and most of the remaining pyrolysis materials are vaporized, and the vaporized emulsified gas is sent to the second catalyst tower. A fifth pyrolysis reactor in which the residues inside the pyrolysis reactor formed of black and slag are transferred to the sixth pyrolysis reactor together with some remaining pyrolysis materials;

Among them, the temperature inside the pyrolysis reaction furnace is controlled at 300-350°C, and all liquid pyrolysis materials are completely vaporized and transferred to the second catalyst tower, and trace amounts of carbon black and slag, which are solid residues inside the reaction furnace, are Waste plastic refined oil is produced by controlling the set temperature of each pyrolysis reactor including the sixth pyrolysis reactor that is discharged to the outside through a residue discharge device installed at the bottom.

Among them, the first catalyst tower and the second catalyst tower have a multi-layered structure, the lower layer is filled with metal packing, the upper layer is filled with an emulsified gas decomposition catalyst, and the metal packing is wax contained in the emulsified gas. By delaying the passage of the component, it is repeatedly reduced to the fourth, fifth and sixth pyrolysis reactors, and the reduced wax component undergoes repeated pyrolysis here, thereby reducing the wax component of the emulsified gas.

,

Among them, the outside of the residue discharge device is wrapped with a water-cooled jacket for cooling the high-temperature residue, and the inside is equipped with a slag transfer screw to discharge the low-temperature residue without the risk of fire.

Among them, the rotational speed of the six pyrolysis reactor screws is equally controlled at 1-2 rotations per minute, and the rotational speed of the connecting pipe screw is equally controlled at 5-10 rotations, so that the pyrolysis material flows through the six pyrolysis reactors at a uniform speed. It is characterized in that it moves seamlessly.

Existing batch type emulsifiers and continuous vertically arranged emulsifiers have a large amount of coke layer formed on the inner wall of the thermal decomposition reaction due to the hot spot and the movement of emulsified substances. Decreased production yield, production of low quality refined oil containing poisonous odors and large amounts of impurities, increased heating fuel consumption due to decrease in thermal conductivity of the pyrolysis reactor, high risk of fire, difficulty in installation and maintenance due to the complexity of the device structure It has various problems such as an increase in cost and cost. The vertical and vertical tandem emulsifying device requires a complex support, has many difficulties in the installation process of the emulsifying device, has very low support stability, and increases additional equipment elements. At the same time, for the convenience of vertical installation, the volume of the pyrolysis reactor is generally manufactured the same, the flexibility of the facility is insufficient, and the height is limited. Therefore, the production capacity of the facility is limited within a certain range due to the limitation of the installation height of the emulsifying device. At the same time, since the pyrolysis reactor is installed vertically and vertically, the volume of the pyrolysis reactor is generally manufactured the same, and the flexibility of the facility is insufficient. Therefore, due to the limitation of the installation height of the emulsifying device, the production capacity of the facility is bound to be limited within a certain range.

In the present invention, a continuous operation waste plastic emulsification apparatus in a module assembly method with a rotating screw mounted therein, and six pyrolysis reactors of the same module in the emulsification method are assembled horizontally and installed side by side. A connection pipe with built-in screws is installed between two adjacent pyrolysis reactors, and they transfer the pyrolysis material in the pyrolysis reactor at a uniform speed to the adjacent pyrolysis reactor without interruption. The screw installed inside the pyrolysis reactor moves the pyrolysis material forward at a uniform speed. In each of the pyrolysis reactors, a hot air pipe is installed between the thermal insulation wall and the inner wall of the pyrolysis reaction furnace through which the hot air made in the heating furnace passes, and blocking blades are installed to divide it into upper and lower parts. The hot air is moved from the end of the lower hot air pipe to the other end of the pyrolysis reactor connected to the heating furnace and then moved from the upper hot air pipe to the opposite end and then discharged to maximize the thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis reactor. In addition, by maximizing the heat transfer area (Heat Surface) by arranging 6 pyrolysis reactors side by side, the hot spot is dispersed, and at the same time, through the internal temperature controlled differently in each pyrolysis reactor, Reduces thermal resistance that hinders the movement of gas and liquid substances (paste) and facilitates the movement of pyrolytic substances in connection with the connecting pipe screw. In this way, it suppresses the formation of coke generated in a large amount on the inner wall of the pyrolysis reaction furnace, thereby increasing the pyrolysis efficiency, thereby increasing the production yield, reducing the fuel consumption of the heating furnace, and removing the poisonous odor and impurities of the plastic refined oil to produce quality refined oil. At the same time, it provides a waste plastic emulsification device and emulsification method of continuous operation method that does not cause water pollution and air pollution. At the same time, in the present invention, the pyrolysis reactors are installed horizontally and side by side, so installation and maintenance are easy. It has the advantage of being able to increase the facility capacity in a short period at low cost by a relatively simple method.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation of the present invention.
1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a continuous operation waste plastic emulsifying device in a module assembly method equipped with a rotating screw in the present invention and the moving direction of the pyrolysis material.
Figure 2 is an explanatory view looking down on the connection state of the pyrolysis reactor and the connection pipe of the present invention
3 is an explanatory drawing showing that the inclination angles of the screw fins of the adjacent pyrolysis reactor of the present invention are manufactured in opposite directions, so that the moving direction of the pyrolysis material is opposite
Figure 4 is a front and side cross-sectional explanatory view showing the inlet and outlet of the pyrolysis material in the pyrolysis reactor of the present invention
Figure 5 is an explanatory view showing the connection position of the connection pipe of the pyrolysis reactor of the present invention

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The concrete implementation method of the continuous operation waste plastic emulsification device and the emulsification method of the module assembly method with a rotating screw mounted inside of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, 6 pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B) installed side by side in parallel as shown in Fig. ,1C,1D,1E,1F). At the bottom of the pyrolysis reaction furnace, a heating furnace 11 is installed which is used to heat the pyrolysis reaction furnace to accelerate the pyrolysis reaction of the pyrolysis material inside the pyrolysis reaction furnace. A connecting pipe 81 is installed between two adjacent pyrolysis reactors, and the connecting pipe 81 includes a connecting pipe screw 82 installed therein. The connecting tube screw 82 built in the connecting tube 81 removes the pyrolysis material from the first pyrolysis reactor 1A at a uniform rate and seamlessly from the adjacent pyrolysis reactor (1A→1B,1B→1C,1C→1D). ,1D→1E,1E→1F).

At the same time, the thermal resistance of the pyrolysis material is relaxed by using the set temperature difference of each pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F), and the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) It facilitates the transfer of pyrolytic substances between them. In other words, the set temperature of the first pyrolysis reactor 1A is controlled at 150°C to 200°C to evaporate the moisture contained in the waste plastic.

By the rotation of the connecting pipe screw, the highly viscous pyrolysis material is sent to the neighboring pyrolysis reactor 1B at a uniform speed to prevent coke formation in the pyrolysis reactor 1A and blockage of the connection pipe 81. At the same time, the decomposition efficiency of the pyrolysis material is increased.

Pyrolysis reaction furnace (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) by rotating the pyrolysis reactor screw (2) installed inside the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1E, 1F) 1B,1C,1D,1E,1F) Coke does not adhere to the inner wall.

Compared with the conventional vertically connected series-connected continuous emulsifying apparatus, the continuous operation of the continuous operation of the module assembly method equipped with a rotating screw in the present invention and the emulsifying method of the waste plastic does not require a complicated support. , It is not limited by altitude and volume, and installation and inspection of equipment are easy, so the cost of equipment can be lowered. In addition, the scale of production can be easily increased by adding a module-type pyrolysis reactor of the same standard as the existing pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) horizontally. Production scale can be realized at low cost.

In the present embodiment, the continuous operation of the module assembly method and the emulsification method of the waste plastics emulsifying apparatus and the emulsification method of the module assembly method of the pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) installed horizontally side by side are the first pyrolysis reaction From the inside of the furnace 1A, it is sequentially transferred to the last pyrolysis reactor 1F. A material supply device 12 and a spare pipe 13 are installed in the first pyrolysis reactor 1A located in the continuous operation waste plastic emulsification device of the module assembly method of the present invention. The material inlet of the first pyrolysis reactor 1A is connected to the material supply device 12, and the material supply device 12 constantly supplies the waste plastic to the first cracking reactor 1A. The preliminary tube 13 is used to observe the internal situation of the pyrolysis reactor 1A, and the preliminary tube 13 of the first pyrolysis reactor 1A contains a high level of refined oil produced in the emulsification apparatus of the present invention. It is used as an inlet for additional pyrolysis of high-viscosity residual oil, a by-product of the process of a separately installed refined oil vacuum distillation facility for purification with quality naphtha and diesel. In the last pyrolysis reactor 1F of the combined continuous operation waste plastic emulsification apparatus, a residue discharge device 83 for discharging powdery residue remaining after decomposing the pyrolysis material is installed.

As shown in FIG. 3, a pyrolysis reactor screw 2 is installed inside the pyrolysis reactor 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F to push the pyrolysis material forward. The pyrolysis reactor screw 2 is connected to the drive shaft 31 rotating it and the pyrolysis reactor screw motor 3. Screw fins (21) are installed in the pyrolysis reactor screw (2), and the pyrolysis material is transferred to the entrance ports (33, 34) of the pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) according to their rotation. ) From the same pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) to the outlets (35, 36) at a uniform speed. Rotation of the pyrolysis reactor screw (2) prevents agglomeration of pyrolysis materials by allowing the pyrolysis materials to receive heat evenly in the pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) and at the same time transfers pyrolysis materials. By smoothing out, it prevents the formation of coke and increases the pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis reactor to produce high quality refined oil.

The outlet of the pyrolysis material of the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) is connected to the pyrolysis material inlet of the adjacent pyrolysis reactor (1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) through the connection pipe 81 do. By shortening the length of the connection pipe 81, it is easy for the pyrolysis material to enter into the adjacent pyrolysis reactors (1B, 1C, 1D, 1F) within the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E). Lose. As shown in Figure 3, the rotational direction of the pyrolysis reactor screw (2) inside the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) is the same, but the screw fins inside two adjacent pyrolysis reactors The inclination angle of (21) is installed to be opposite to each other, and accordingly, the direction of progress of the pyrolysis material inside the two adjacent pyrolysis reactors is opposite to each other.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, 5 to push the pyrolysis material from the first pyrolysis reactor (1A) into the neighboring pyrolysis reactor (1B→1C→1D→1E→1F). The connecting pipes 81 are between the pyrolysis reactors (1A) and (1B), between (1B) and (1C), between (1C) and (1D), between (1D) and (1E) and between (1E) and It is installed between (1F). At the end of the pyrolysis reactor 1F, a residue discharge device 83 for discharging residues of pyrolysis substances is installed.

As shown in Fig. 4, the bottom of the connection pipe 81 installed at the bottom of the pyrolysis reactors 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, and 1F is convex downward.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, each of the pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, and 1F) has an insulating wall 32 in front of the pyrolysis reactor so that the hot air made in the heating furnace 11 passes. A hot air pipe path 28 is installed between the inner walls, and blocking blades 27 are installed to divide it into upper and lower portions. The hot air moves from the lower hot air pipe 28 in front of the pyrolysis reactor connected to the heating furnace 11 to the opposite end, U-turns to the upper hot air pipe 28, and moves to the front, and then the exhaust gas outlet 29 ) To the outside to maximize the thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis reactor

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the pyrolysis reactor drive connecting part is a pyrolysis reactor screw motor (3), a reducer connected to this motor (3), a drive shaft connected to the speed reducer (31), and a second coupling device connected to the drive shaft. (7), a rotor shaft 5 connected thereto, a connecting shaft 4 connected to the rotor shaft, and a first coupling device 6 installed between the connecting shaft and the pyrolysis reactor screw 2. The drive shaft and the shaft of the pyrolysis reactor screw 2 are indirectly connected through a connecting shaft. Since the rotor shaft is connected to the connection shaft, the rotor shaft 5 is connected to the connection shaft 4 and the drive shaft 31 to have the same degree of coaxiality. Therefore, by reducing the wear of the drive shaft, the service life is extended and the equipment cost is lowered, and the high coaxiality increases the transfer efficiency and thus reduces the energy loss.

The first coupling device 6 and the second coupling device 7 have several coupling methods among the flange fitting method, multi-jaw method, pin plug method, and chain method. use.

Specifically, a seal structure is installed where the pyrolysis reactor screw (2) and the connecting shaft (4) are connected, and the seal structure is the first seal cover (9) covering the first coupling device (6), the first seal cover. (9) and the second seal cover (10) realize a strong sealing of the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F), and the heat-resistant packing filler 101 inside the second seal cover 10 is pyrolysis. It realizes flexible sealing of reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F). It has a strong sealing effect that gas from the pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) does not leak through the mutual combination of strong sealing and flexible sealing.

Lastly, the embodiments described above are for describing the technical content of the present invention, do not represent all of the technical specifications of the present invention, and do not mean that there is a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. . In addition, it will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains that modifications or equivalent levels of substitution can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the technical nature and scope of the present invention.

1A-first pyrolysis reactor, 1B-second pyrolysis reactor, 1C-third pyrolysis reactor, 1D-fourth pyrolysis reactor, 1E-fifth pyrolysis reactor, 1F-sixth pyrolysis reactor, 2- Pyrolysis reactor screw, 3-Pyrolysis reactor screw motor, 4-connection shaft, 5-rotor shaft, 6-first coupling device, 7-second coupling device, 8-connecting pipe fitting, 9-first seal cover , 10-second seal cover, 11-heating furnace, 12-material supply device, 13-preliminary pipe, 14A-first catalyst tower, 14B-second catalyst tower, 15-separate tank, 16A-first cooling Condenser, 16B-second cooling condenser, 17-oil storage tank, 18-non-condensed gas purification tank, 19-exhaust gas heat exchanger, 20-exhaust gas purification device, 21-screw fin, 22-water tank , 23-gas burner, 24-oil burner, 25-draft fan, 26-waste plastic crusher, 27-breaking blade, 28-hot air pipe, 31-drive shaft, 32-insulation wall, 33-pyrolysis reactor 1B, 1D, 1F entry, 34-Pyrolysis reactor 1C, 1E entry, 35-Pyrolysis reactor 1A, 1C, 1E exit, 36-Pyrolysis reactor 1B, 1D, 1F exit, 81A-first connection Pipe, 81B-second connector, 81C-third connector, 81D-fourth connector, 81E-fifth connector, 82-connector screw, 83-debris discharge device, 101-heat-resistant packing filler

Claims (13)

Waste plastic crusher (26), which crushes waste plastic to less than 50mm x 50mm and sends it to the material supply device,
Material supply device 12 with a built-in transfer screw that supplies waste plastic supplied from the waste plastic crusher at a rate of 16Kg per minute to the first pyrolysis reactor 1A,
Exhaust gas heat exchanger for maintaining the temperature of the waste plastic injected into the first pyrolysis reactor 1A from the material supply device at 50-60℃ by using the waste heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the heating furnace 11 19),
Six pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) are installed horizontally and between these pyrolysis reactors, connecting pipes (81A, 81B, 81C, 81D, 81E) connecting them horizontally to each other Is installed, and the pyrolysis reactor and the connection pipe are connected at right angles, and the outlet 35 of the odd-numbered pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1C, 1E) and the entrance of the even-numbered pyrolysis reactors (1B, 1D, 1F) (33) is connected, and the outlet 36 of the even-numbered pyrolysis reactors (1B, 1D, 1F) and the entrance port 34 of the odd-numbered pyrolysis reactors (1C, 1E) are connected, and six pyrolysis reactors A modularized pyrolysis reactor of the module assembly method installed in a zigzag form by means of a connector,
The connection pipes 81A, 81C, and 8E, which are the front part of the pyrolysis reactor, are installed for the waste plastic input into the first pyrolysis reactor (1A) and the pyrolysis materials inside the third (1C) and fifth pyrolysis reactors (1E). And transfer the pyrolysis material inside the second (1B), fourth (1D) and sixth pyrolysis reactor (1F) in the direction in which the connectors 81B and 81D, which are the rear part of the pyrolysis reactor, are installed. Pyrolysis reactor screw (2),
A heating furnace (11) equipped with an oil burner (24) for heating the pyrolysis reaction furnace and a gas burner (23) that uses uncondensed gas not liquefied as refined oil in the cooling condensers (16A, 16B) as fuel,
Two adjacent pyrolysis reactors (1A-1B, 1B-1C, 1C-1D, 1D-1E, 1E-1F) are connected horizontally, and pyrolysis between the pyrolysis reactors by means of the connecting pipe screw (82) installed inside. Connector (81A, 81B, 81C, 81D, 81E) that facilitates the movement of substances,
The first catalyst tower that is installed on the upper part of the third pyrolysis reactor (1C) and converts waste plastic emulsified gas with a low boiling point transferred from the second (1B) and third pyrolysis reactors (1C) into naphtha oil. 14A) and the fifth pyrolysis reactor (1E), installed above the fourth (1D), fifth (1E), and sixth pyrolysis reactors (1F), the high boiling point of waste plastic sulfide gas transferred to diesel oil Lethal re-2 catalyst tower (14B),
A water separation tank 15 for separating moisture from the emulsified gas transferred from the catalyst tower,
Two cooling condensers (16A, 16B) that are generated in the pyrolysis reactor to liquefy the modified sulfide gas in the first and second catalyst towers,
Three gas purification tanks 18 for stabilizing the uncondensed emulsified gas remaining without being liquefied in the cooling condenser to be used as fuel for a gas burner,
An oil storage tank 17 for storing liquefied oil in the cooling condenser,
An exhaust gas purification device 20 for purifying exhaust gas discharged from the heating furnace 11,
The sixth pyrolysis reaction furnace (1F) is a pyrolysis reactor by means of a residue discharge device 83 with a built-in transfer screw for discharging a trace amount of carbon black and slag, which are solid residues inside, and a stored database. PLC control device that controls the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction furnace in connection with the electronic sensitized thermometer and pressure gauge and heating furnace installed at the top, and controls the rotation of the pyrolysis reaction furnace screw and the connecting pipe screw to demonstrate automatic operation of the pyrolysis and emulsification device PLC Control Cabinet). The method of claim 1,
In the six pyrolysis reactors (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) installed horizontally and side by side, two adjacent pyrolysis reactors (1A-1B, 1B-1C, 1C-1D, 1D-) 1E, 1E-1F) are installed between the connecting pipes (81A, 81B, 81C, 81D, 81E), and in the above-described connecting pipe, the pyrolysis material is continuously adjoined at the same speed in the first pyrolysis reactor (1A). The connecting pipe screw 82 used to send to the next pyrolysis reactor (1A→1B→1C→1D→1E→1F) is included, and the insulation wall 32 and the inner wall of the pyrolysis reactor through which the hot air formed in the heating furnace passes. With the hot air pipe path 28 installed between the hot air pipe path and the blocking blade 27 that divides the hot air pipe path into the upper and lower parts, the hot air moves from the hot air pipe path at the bottom of the hot air pipe path to the ⊃ type, and then the exhaust gas outlet 29 is opened. Waste plastic pyrolysis emulsification device with high thermal efficiency by evenly heating the top and bottom of the pyrolysis reactor with a structure that is discharged to the outside through the structure. The method of claim 1,
The pyrolysis and emulsification device is made by assembling six pyrolysis reactor modules of the same standard horizontally side by side, and is a waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification device that increases production capacity by adding modules.
The method of claim 1,
In the connection pipes 81A, 81B, 81C, 81D, and 81E, the first connection pipe 81A is the outlet 35 of the pyrolysis material of the first pyrolysis reactor 1A and the pyrolysis of the second pyrolysis reactor 1B. The material inlet 33 is connected, and the second connection pipe 81B is the outlet 36 of the pyrolysis material in the second pyrolysis reactor 1B and the inlet 34 of the pyrolysis material in the third pyrolysis reactor 1C. ), and the third connector 81C connects the outlet 35 of the pyrolysis material of the third pyrolysis reactor 1C and the inlet 33 of the pyrolysis material of the fourth pyrolysis reactor 1D, The fourth connector 81E connects the outlet 36 of the pyrolysis material of the fourth pyrolysis reactor 1D and the inlet 34 of the pyrolysis material of the fifth pyrolysis reactor 1E, and the fifth connector ( 81E) connects the pyrolysis material outlet 35 of the fifth pyrolysis reactor 1E and the pyrolysis material inlet 33 of the sixth pyrolysis reactor 1F, and at the same time, all the connecting pipes are perpendicular to the pyrolysis reactor. As a result, 6 pyrolysis reactors are connected in a zigzag manner, reducing the installation area of the emulsifying device, shortening the installation period of the device, convenient operation and maintenance, and widening the heat surface area of the pyrolysis reactor. Waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification equipment with the characteristics of increasing the production yield of refined oil by increasing the efficiency.
The method of claim 1,
Of the six pyrolysis reactors, the inclination angle of the screw fin 21 of the pyrolysis reactors 1A, 1C, and 1E with odd numbers and the even number of pyrolysis reactors ( 1B, 1D, 1F) The inclination angles of the screw fins of the pyrolysis reactor screws inside are opposite to each other, and all pyrolysis reactor screws 2 rotate in the same clockwise direction, so the adjacent pyrolysis reactor (1A) -1B, 1B-1C, 1C-1D, 1D-1E, 1E-1F) of the pyrolysis materials are in opposite directions, and accordingly, the pyrolysis materials inside from the first to the last pyrolysis reactor are connected. By moving at a uniform speed in a zigzag form in connection with the Pyrolysis Reactor, it prevents coke from adhering to the inner wall of the pyrolysis reactor, thereby increasing the production yield and producing high quality refined oil, and enabling the installation of an emulsifier with high production capacity in a small area. Waste plastic pyrolysis emulsification device characterized in that
delete The method of claim 1,
The pyrolysis reactor screw 2 is connected to a drive connecting part that drives the rotation of the pyrolysis reactor screw, and the drive connecting part is a reducer connected to the pyrolysis reactor screw motor 3, a drive shaft 31 connected to the reducer, The second coupling device (7) connected to the drive shaft, the rotor shaft connected thereto (5), the coupling shaft connected to the rotor shaft (4), the first coupling device (6) installed between the coupling shaft and the pyrolysis reactor screw (2) Waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification device that has a stable coaxiality by means of a stable coaxiality, and extends the service life of the device and reduces energy loss by reducing the wear of the drive shaft 31
The method of claim 7,
The first coupling device 6 and the second coupling device 7 are any of several methods among flange fitting, plugging, multi-jaw, and chain connection methods. Waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification device consisting of
The method of claim 7,
A seal structure is installed where the pyrolysis reactor screw 2 and the connection shaft 4 are connected, and the seal structure connects the first seal cover 9 covering the first coupling device 6 and the connection shaft. Including a second coupling device (7) covering, the first seal cover (9) and the second seal cover (10) is a pyrolysis reactor screw of the pyrolysis reactor (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) It realizes a strong sealing on the driving part, and the heat-resistant packing filler 101 inside the second seal cover 10 realizes a flexible sealing on the drive shaft of the pyrolysis reactor. Waste plastic pyrolysis emulsifier with strong sealing effect that emulsified gas does not leak to the outside
In the pyrolysis and emulsification method of waste plastics that increases production yield by preventing coke generation using the device of any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 9,
The temperature inside the first pyrolysis reactor (1A) is controlled at 150-200℃ (air temperature inside the reactor), and most of the moisture contained in the waste plastic is evaporated and discharged to the outside. , 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F) drastically lowers the internal pressure to prevent the outflow of emulsified gas to the pyrolysis reactor, and at the same time facilitate the transfer of pyrolysis materials between the pyrolysis reactors;
By controlling the temperature inside the second pyrolysis reactor (1B) to 200-250℃, the waste plastic is sent to the first catalyst tower at the top as part of the naphtha fraction with a low boiling point begins to evaporate, and the remaining pyrolysis The material is transformed into a paste and sent to the third pyrolysis reactor 1C;
The temperature inside the third pyrolysis reactor (1C) is controlled at 280-350℃, so that most of the naphtha and some diesel oils are vaporized and the emulsified gas is sent to the first catalyst tower (14A). Paste is transformed into a plastic material and transferred to the fourth pyrolysis reactor 1D;
The temperature inside the fourth pyrolysis reactor (1D) is controlled at 350-400℃, and the emulsified gas from which the gas oil is vaporized is sent to the second catalyst tower (14B), and the remaining paste is transferred to the fifth pyrolysis reactor (1E). Transferred to;
By controlling the temperature inside the fifth pyrolysis reactor (1E) at 380-420°C, most of the gas oil fractions of the remaining pyrolysis materials are vaporized, and the vaporized emulsified gas is sent to the second catalyst tower 14B, At the same time, some residues remaining inside the pyrolysis reactor formed of trace amounts of carbon black and slag are transferred to the sixth pyrolysis reactor 1F together with the pyrolysis material;
By controlling the temperature inside the sixth pyrolysis reactor (1F) to a low level of 300-350℃, all of the liquid pyrolysis materials are vaporized and transferred to the second catalyst tower, and the solid residue inside the sixth pyrolysis reactor (1F) An emulsification method in which trace amounts of carbon black and slag, which are objects, are discharged to the outside through the residue discharge device 83 installed at the bottom. Summarizing its characteristics, a large amount of water vapor generated in the first pyrolysis reactor is discharged to the outside. By lowering the internal pressure of the entire pyrolysis reactor and at the same time reducing the thermal resistance between the pyrolysis reactors by using the difference in set temperature of each pyrolysis reactor, it facilitates the transfer of pyrolysis materials between the pyrolysis reactors, thereby reducing the generation of coke inside the pyrolysis reactor. Pyrolysis and emulsification method to produce high quality waste plastic refined oil by preventing
3A molecular sieve (MOLECULAR SIEVE: A ceramic surface-modified with nanometals containing AlO3, SiO2, FeO3), which is a metal packing and modification catalyst using the device of any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 9 In the waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification method using pellets),
The first catalyst tower 14A and the second catalyst tower 14B have a multi-layered structure, and the first catalyst tower has a low boiling point vaporized from the second (1B) and third pyrolysis reactors (1C). Waste plastic emulsified gas is reformed into naphtha oil, and the second catalyst tower (14B) is a waste plastic emulsified gas with a relatively high boiling point vaporized from the fourth (1D), fifth (1E), and sixth (1F) pyrolysis reactors. Among the emulsification methods of reforming the gas oil into gas oil, metal packing is installed at the bottom of the first and second catalyst towers, which lowers the flow rate of the waste plastic emulsified gas and is a reforming catalyst, 3A molecular sieve (MOLECULAR SIEVE) installed at the top. The second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth pyrolysis reactors (1B, 1C, and 6) increase the efficiency of reforming and delay the passage of the wax component contained in the waste plastic emulsion gas. 1D, 1E, 1F), and by repeatedly undergoing thermal decomposition in these pyrolysis reactors, the wax component of the emulsified gas is reduced to increase the production yield of refined oil, and the polymer at the top where the reforming catalyst 3A molecular sieve is mounted A waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification method that cracks the carbon and hydrogen molecules of the structured waste plastic sulfide gas and transforms it into refined oil, a high-quality low molecular compound.
The method of claim 10,
The outside of the residue discharge device 83 is wrapped with a water-cooled jacket for cooling the high-temperature residue, and the inside is equipped with a slag transfer screw to discharge low-temperature residue without a fire risk. Thermal decomposition and emulsification method.
The method of claim 1,
The rotational speed of the pyrolysis reactor screws (2) of the six pyrolysis reactors is equal to 1-2 revolutions per minute, and the rotational speed of the connecting pipe screw (82) of the connecting pipe connected to the pyrolysis reactor is equal to 5-10 revolutions. A waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification apparatus, characterized in that by controlling the pyrolysis material to move seamlessly through the six pyrolysis reactors at a uniform speed, thereby causing pyrolysis with almost no caulking phenomenon.

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