CN1923957A - Device and technology method of preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics - Google Patents
Device and technology method of preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics Download PDFInfo
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- CN1923957A CN1923957A CNA2005100937941A CN200510093794A CN1923957A CN 1923957 A CN1923957 A CN 1923957A CN A2005100937941 A CNA2005100937941 A CN A2005100937941A CN 200510093794 A CN200510093794 A CN 200510093794A CN 1923957 A CN1923957 A CN 1923957A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot cracking method and equipment of diesel through waste plastic, which comprises the following steps: adding fused waste plastic in the hot cracking autoclave of far-infrared heating system through spiral inlet system with heating sleeve; reaching higher heat conductive efficiency; reducing coking phenomenon on the contact surface; draining out of autoclave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastic waste that utilizes and be raw material, produce diesel oil, and the processing method of product such as by-product petroleum naphtha and required equipment.The environmental protection that is mainly used in plastic waste is reclaimed, and fuel oil is provided.
Background technology
The technology that cracking waste plastics prepares fuel is that plastic refuse in the solid waste is reclaimed, and a kind of method of recycle, and it is feasible that the principle of this technology is proved to be already, and the operation of laboratory equipment has obtained great deal of experiment data.In countries in the world, relevant technology report is all arranged, relevant patent is a lot.Problems such as but existing cracking waste plastics prepares the oil product industrial applications, mainly adopts the reactive mode of outside naked light direct heat scission reaction still, and this type of heating exists heat transfer rate slow, and cracking is incomplete.If improve Heating temperature merely, then local superheating can appear, easily coking or the like, it is bad that ubiquity continuous production, the easy coking of apparatus for thermal cleavage, the output oil quality is low, has secondary pollution problems.The existence of these problems has just restricted applying of this technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment and processing method of preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics,, reduce equipment coking speed, prolong operation hours, improve the quality of oil product, prevent to produce secondary pollution with the continuity of assurance device operation.
The invention provides a kind of heat scission reaction still, comprise kettle, be respectively equipped with opening for feed and discharge port in the left and right sides, kettle top, in addition in heating kettle inside and the outside be provided with far infrared heater simultaneously, central authorities are provided with agitator at heating kettle.Above-mentioned heat scission reaction still wherein also includes the spiral feed system, has heating jacket in this feed system outside, therefore, and can be before charging with raw material preheating.
The outside far-infrared heating cover that adopts of reactor heats, and inside is uniform distribution 2 to the 3 row's far-infrared heating rods that go in ring, and agitating vane is distributed in the heating rod gap.
In addition, in the reactor bottom dreg removing system is installed also, dreg removing system is made up of three stopping valve and two sections scum pipes, in the reactor lower central slag-drip opening is arranged, by the interval opening and closing of three road valves, with the discharge of the residue safety after the pyroreaction.
The invention provides a kind of method of preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics simultaneously, may further comprise the steps:
1. plastic waste pre-treatment; Remove the impurity that a large amount of miscellaneous sandy soil, stone and metal etc. can not react;
2. the plastic waste after step 1 is handled enters the heat scission reaction still after the spiral feed system is heated to 150 ℃ to 220 ℃, is heated to 360 ℃ to 450 ℃ in reactor, carries out heat scission reaction under the on-catalytic condition in still.Simultaneously can not cracked impurity, in time discharge reactor;
3. the reaction product mixing oil of step 2 enters into the separation and purification system and separates and make with extra care.
Plastic waste in above-mentioned steps 2 after the preferably treatment preheats earlier before entering the heat scission reaction still, preferably adopts the spiral feeding manner, so that raw material is heated evenly, reduces local coking.Particularly, the preferred spiral feed system charging of adopting the band heating jacket.
The rough mixing oil that cracking generates in the above-mentioned steps 2, gas-oil separation after condensation, splitting gas is as the refining reaction heating fuel, behind the mixed hydrogen of mixing oil, by the tubular type hydrogenator, through hydrofining, step such as gas-liquid separation and fractionation obtains qualified diesel oil and petroleum naphtha; Separated hydrogen recycles, and gas as fuel is used for heating.The pollutent that produces in the whole process is flue gas and a small amount of oily(waste)water, and flue gas is by the gas generation of fully burning, and after waste heat recovery, low-temperature flue gas can directly discharge; Oily(waste)water is after oily-water seperating equipment separates, and oil is sent into dreg removing system and made raw fuel stock, the recycle of water retrieval system; Utilize aforesaid method, reach the purpose of non-secondary pollution.
The present invention is for achieving the above object, the technical scheme that relates to: by the spiral feed system of band heating jacket, with fused plastic waste under the certain temperature, join in the heat scission reaction still that adopts inside and outside combined type far infrared heating system, utilize the heating efficiency of far infrared to plastics, under the heating installation by reasonable distribution and the acting in conjunction of special whipping device, reach higher heat transfer efficiency, reduce heating intensity, thereby reduce the temperature of plastic waste and well heater contact surface, reduce the coking that produces because of Pintsch process on the contact surface, and by dreg removing system, that brings in carbon dust that cracking is produced and the raw material can not cracked impurity, in time discharge reactor, reduce cinder accumulative probability, and inorganic impurity in the ejecta is leached, residual organic substances is made and can be supplied the incendiary raw fuel stock; By with upper type, reach when not reducing speed of response, delay the purpose of coking.The rough mixing oil that cracking generates, gas-oil separation after condensation, splitting gas is as the refining reaction heating fuel, behind the mixed hydrogen of mixing oil, be heated to certain temperature, under certain pressure, by the tubular type hydrogenator, through hydrofining, steps such as gas-liquid separation and fractionation obtain qualified diesel oil and petroleum naphtha; Separated hydrogen recycles, and gas as fuel is used for heating.The pollutent that produces in the whole process is flue gas and a small amount of oily(waste)water, and flue gas is by the gas generation of fully burning, and after waste heat recovery, low-temperature flue gas can directly discharge; Oily(waste)water is after oily-water seperating equipment separates, and oil is sent into dreg removing system and made raw fuel stock, the recycle of water retrieval system; Utilize aforesaid method, reach the purpose of non-secondary pollution.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, produce in the plastic waste thermo-cracking on the experimental principle basis of oil product, the technical process and the relevant device of more perfect suitability for industrialized production have been proposed, realize the full scale plant continuously feeding, successive reaction, the continuity production of continuous discharging slag obtains diesel product, and by-product petroleum naphtha, raw fuel stock; Utilize economical and practical mode, stopped the generation of secondary pollution, really realized environmental protection recovery plastic refuse, the purpose of producing qualified oil product.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The inside and outside compound far infrared rays heat scission reaction still of Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described, but be to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of embodiment.
Inside and outside as shown in Figure 1 compound far infrared rays heat scission reaction still mainly is made up of reactor housing 3 agitators 4 and far-infrared heating cover 5 and far-infrared heating rod 7.Reactor top has opening for feed 2 and discharge port 9, and lower central has slag-drip opening 8.Far-infrared heating rod 7 is the distribution of going in ring, and agitating vane is distributed in the heating rod gap.Heating by outer wall far-infrared heating cover 5 and far-infrared heating rod 7, agitator 4 is by its propeller-blade 6, under the drive of agitator motor 1, material is stirred, make material reach 360 ℃ to 450 ℃, carry out the fusion scission reaction, the lightweight oil of generation steams through material outlet 9, and the reaction residual residue is got rid of through slag-drip opening 8.
Plastic waste is through broken as shown in Figure 2, remove metallic impurity, after the pre-treatment such as cleaning-drying, be transported to feed bin 11, as material storage, plastic waste in the feed bin 11 is transported in the hopper 13 by wind-force delivery system 12, the feeding screw 14 of band heating installation is with the plastic waste in the hopper 13, fusing of margin melts the limit and joins in the heat scission reaction still 15, after the plastic waste of molten state enters reactor, under the heating that is evenly distributed on reactor outer wall far-infrared heating cover and inner far-infrared heating rod, reach 360 ℃ to 450 ℃ scission reaction temperature, high molecular polymer is cracked into the coal mine gas of lower molecular weight, mixing oil and mink cell focus, and produce the part coke.Because plastics are very poor to the conductivity of heat, guarantee that raw material can in time melt, cracking, can solve by improving the Heating temperature method, but simply improve Heating temperature, cause heater table surface temperature part too high easily, a large amount of carbon distributions, and then the reduction heat transfer efficiency, weaken heats.Reactor is by the reasonable distribution of outer wall and interior heater and the rational deployment of agitator for this reason, reduce the heating intensity on the well heater unit surface, reach under lower Heating temperature, satisfy the required heat supply of reaction, reduce the coking speed of heater surfaces simultaneously.The coke that reaction generates, and the impurity of bringing in the raw material that can not react are discharged by the reactor bottom, the heavy oil that is mixed with coke and impurity of discharging is mixed with the mixing oil that cooling obtains, after filtering out impurity, obtain raw fuel stock, as the byproduct carrying device.
The oil gas that reaction generates after the fractionation of separation column 16, is extracted 250 ℃ to 350 ℃ mixed oil and gas out from cat head, and this part oil gas is separated into coal mine gas and mixing oil in catch pot after interchanger and water cooling system cooling.After coal mine gas is delivered to the collection of gas jar, as the fuel of process furnace.Mixing oil must be made with extra care mixing oil through hydrofining.Treating process is that mixing oil is after the fresh feed pump pressurization, after hydrogen mixes, through the interchanger heat exchange, pass through the heating of process furnace again, reach the temperature requirement of refining charging, the mixture of oil gas and hydrogen enters the tubular type hydrofining reactor, under the effect of catalyzer, the saturated refining reaction that waits of alkene takes place, reacted product, through the cooling of interchanger and cooling system, in the high score jar, isolate unreacted hydrogen, divide in the jar low, coal mine gas is separated with refining mixing oil, the hydrogen dehydrogenation gas recycle system recycles, and coal mine gas is removed the gas jar, as process furnace fuel.
Refining mixing oil is carried through the fractionation fresh feed pump, and through the interchanger heat exchange, process furnace is heated to 220 ℃ to 260 ℃, oil gas enters separation column, and isolated petroleum naphtha component is extracted out from cat head, after the cooling system cooling, obtain the finished product petroleum naphtha, after the temporary transient storage of petroleum naphtha tundish, carrying device; Oil obtains diesel oil at the bottom of the tower after the cooling system cooling, after the temporary transient storage of diesel oil tundish, and carrying device.
Subsystem comprises hydrogen gas circulating system, hydrogen gas generation system and water system and industrial wind system.
Claims (10)
1. a heat scission reaction still comprises kettle, is respectively equipped with opening for feed and discharge port in the left and right sides, kettle top, it is characterized in that: in heating kettle inside and the outside be provided with far infrared heater simultaneously, central authorities are provided with agitator at heating kettle.
2. according to the described heat scission reaction still of claim 1, it is characterized in that:, have heating jacket in this feed system outside comprising the spiral feed system is arranged.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described heat scission reaction stills, it is characterized in that: the outside far infrared heater of reactor adopts the heating of far-infrared heating cover, and inner far infrared heater is uniform distribution 2 to the 3 row's far-infrared heating rods that go in ring.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described heat scission reaction stills, it is characterized in that: dreg removing system is installed in heat scission reaction still bottom, dreg removing system is made up of three stopping valve and two sections scum pipes, in the reactor lower central slag-drip opening is arranged, by the interval opening and closing of three road valves, with the discharge of the residue safety after the pyroreaction.
5. the method for a preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) plastic waste pre-treatment; Remove the impurity that a large amount of miscellaneous sandy soil, stone and metal etc. can not react;
(2) plastic waste after step (1) is handled enters the heat scission reaction still, is heated to 360 ℃ to 450 ℃ in reactor, carries out heat scission reaction under the on-catalytic condition in still, simultaneously can not cracked impurity, in time discharge reactor;
(3) the reaction product mixing oil of step (2) enters into the separation and purification system and separates and make with extra care.
6. according to the method for the described preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics of claim 5, it is characterized in that: before the plastic waste after handling is entering the heat scission reaction still, preheat 150 ℃ to 220 ℃ earlier in above-mentioned steps (2).
7. according to the method for the described preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said heat scission reaction still adopts the spiral feed system charging of band heating jacket in advance.
8. according to the method for the described preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics of claim 5, it is characterized in that:
The product that heat scission reaction is generated in the above-mentioned steps (2) is rough mixing oil, gas-oil separation after condensation, splitting gas is as the refining reaction heating fuel, behind the mixed hydrogen of mixing oil, by the tubular type hydrogenator, through hydrofining, gas-liquid separation and fractionation obtain qualified diesel oil and petroleum naphtha.
9. according to the method for the described preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics of claim 8, it is characterized in that: hydrofining, gas-liquid separation and fractionation institute separated hydrogen recycle, and gas as fuel is used for heating.
10. according to the method for the described preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the pollutent that produces in the whole process is flue gas and a small amount of oily(waste)water, flue gas is by the gas generation of fully burning, and after waste heat recovery, low-temperature flue gas can directly discharge; Oily(waste)water is after oily-water seperating equipment separates, and oil is sent into dreg removing system and made raw fuel stock, the recycle of water retrieval system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005100937941A CN1923957A (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | Device and technology method of preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics |
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| CNA2005100937941A CN1923957A (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2005-08-31 | Device and technology method of preparing diesel oil by thermo-cracking waste plastics |
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| CN1923957A true CN1923957A (en) | 2007-03-07 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101177502A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-05-14 | 李大光 | Autoclave processing waste and old tyre and plastic by cracking mode |
| WO2010003180A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | P-Fuel Ltd | Method of processing oil refining waste |
| EP2478070A2 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-07-25 | Envion Inc. | Decomposition of waste plastics |
| CN103282462A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-09-04 | H·施吕特 | Reactor and method for the at least partial decomposition, in particular depolymerization, and/or purification of plastic material |
| CN105583213A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-18 | 杨成志 | Method and special equipment for innocent treatment and energy utilization of rubbish plastic |
| CN106000252A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏光阳动力环保设备有限公司 | Multipurpose material pyrolysis catalyzing tank |
| CN109749764A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-14 | 陈汇宏 | It is related to rubber/modeling regeneration or is connected product set and its preparation method with phyteral fiber industry |
| CN110343538A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 中山市至善生物科技有限公司 | A kind of multisection type far infrared thermal cracker |
| CN112760119A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-07 | 李明泽 | Waste plastic radiation thermal cracking process and system |
| CN113322089A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 重庆大学 | Pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis method for infrared rapid heating of waste plastics |
-
2005
- 2005-08-31 CN CNA2005100937941A patent/CN1923957A/en active Pending
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101177502B (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2010-12-08 | 李大光 | Autoclave processing waste and old tyre and plastic by cracking mode |
| CN101177502A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-05-14 | 李大光 | Autoclave processing waste and old tyre and plastic by cracking mode |
| RU2532907C2 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2014-11-20 | П-Фьюэл Лтд | Oil refining waste treatment method |
| WO2010003180A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | P-Fuel Ltd | Method of processing oil refining waste |
| EP2478070A2 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-07-25 | Envion Inc. | Decomposition of waste plastics |
| US20120217149A1 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2012-08-30 | Envion, Inc. | Decomposition of waste plastics |
| EP2478070A4 (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2014-07-16 | Envion Inc | Decomposition of waste plastics |
| CN103282462B (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2015-11-25 | H·施吕特 | Decompose reactor and the method for especially depolymerization and/or purification plastic material at least in part |
| CN103282462A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-09-04 | H·施吕特 | Reactor and method for the at least partial decomposition, in particular depolymerization, and/or purification of plastic material |
| CN105583213A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-18 | 杨成志 | Method and special equipment for innocent treatment and energy utilization of rubbish plastic |
| CN106000252A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏光阳动力环保设备有限公司 | Multipurpose material pyrolysis catalyzing tank |
| CN106000252B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-11-14 | 江苏光阳动力环保设备有限公司 | Multipurpose material pyrolysis catalytic tank |
| CN109749764A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-14 | 陈汇宏 | It is related to rubber/modeling regeneration or is connected product set and its preparation method with phyteral fiber industry |
| CN110343538A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 中山市至善生物科技有限公司 | A kind of multisection type far infrared thermal cracker |
| CN112760119A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-07 | 李明泽 | Waste plastic radiation thermal cracking process and system |
| CN113322089A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 重庆大学 | Pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis method for infrared rapid heating of waste plastics |
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