KR102162759B1 - Forward Osmosis Membrane Process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a forward osmosis membrane filtration device capable of controlling the flow rate of a draw solution and a diluent, and to an operation method thereof and, more specifically, to a forward osmosis membrane filtration device comprising: three or more forward osmosis membrane modules arranged in series; a draw solution storage tank; a diluent storage tank; a diluted draw solution storage tank; a draw solution supply pipe connecting the forward osmosis membrane module and the draw solution storage tank located at the most front end so that the draw solution can move to the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules; a draw solution discharge pipe for transferring the draw solution discharged from the forward osmosis membrane module located at the rearmost end of the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules to the diluted draw solution storage tank; a diluent supply pipe connecting the forward osmosis membrane module and the diluent storage tank located at the most front end so that a diluting solution can move to the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules; and a dilution solution recovery pipe for transferring the dilution solution discharged from the forward osmosis membrane module located at the rearmost end of the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules to the dilution solution storage tank, wherein the draw solution supply pipe and the diluent supply line have different inner diameters.

Description

Forward osmosis membrane filtration device capable of controlling the flow rate of draw solution and diluent and its operation method {Forward Osmosis Membrane Process}

The present invention is a forward osmosis membrane filtration device capable of controlling the flow rate of a draw solution and a diluent, and a method of operation thereof, and more particularly, a forward osmosis membrane filtration device in which the inner diameters of the draw solution pipe and the diluent pipe are changed to enable stable operation of the forward osmosis membrane. And it relates to a method of operation thereof.

According to the UN World Water Development Report, about 2.7 billion people, or 40% of the world's population, will face water shortages by 2025, and about 20% of the world's countries are projected to experience severe water shortages. This is because while supply is limited, demand continues to increase due to population growth and income level improvement.

On the other hand, water supplied as drinking water undergoes a process of purifying river water, lake water, sea water, etc., and river water or lake water is generally subjected to aggregation, precipitation, filtration, adsorption, oxidation, and disinfection to remove pollutants.

Seawater is the most abundant water resource on the planet, but due to its high salt concentration, it is difficult to purify it with conventional methods.Therefore, evaporation, electrodialysis, and reverse osmosis (RO) have been mainly applied. Because of the high energy consumption, there is a limit to purifying seawater in large quantities.

In recent years, a forward osmosis membrane that has less membrane contamination and a relatively low energy consumption than reverse osmosis (RO) has attracted attention. The forward osmosis membrane technology was selected as one of the top 10 sustainable advanced water treatment technologies by Global Water Intelligence in the UK in 2009. It is a desalination process that uses osmotic pressure to remove salts with only osmotic pressure by introducing a high-concentration draw solution that can be easily separated. It has the advantage that the required hydraulic pressure is low or low, and various contaminants can be removed.

For example, by supplying seawater and a draw solution having an osmotic pressure higher than that of seawater between the semipermeable membranes, pure water in seawater can be moved to the draw solution, and then pure water can be separated from the draw solution. Alternatively, a method of diluting seawater using seawater as a draw solution while supplying sewage effluent with a lower osmotic pressure than seawater as a diluting solution, and filtering the diluted seawater with a reverse osmosis membrane is also known.

However, in the forward osmosis membrane, as it passes through the module, the flow rate of the draw solution increases, while the flow rate of the diluent decreases, and there is a problem that stable forward osmosis membrane filtration becomes difficult due to contamination on the surface of the forward osmosis membrane.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2013-0074104

The present invention has been conceived to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus capable of stable operation by maintaining a constant flow rate of a draw solution and a diluent and a method of operating the same.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus and a method of operating the same, with improved filtration efficiency by minimizing contamination on the surface of the forward osmosis membrane.

); 상기 3개 이상의 정삼투막 모듈(100) 중 가장 후단에 위치하는 정삼투막 모듈(100)로부터 배출되는 유도용액을 상기 희석된 유도용액 저류조(400)로 이송하기 위한 유도용액 배출관로(

); 상기 3개 이상의 정삼투막 모듈(100)로 희석용액이 이동할 수 있도록, 가장 전단에 위치하는 정삼투막 모듈(100)과 상기 희석액 저류조(300)를 연결하는 희석액 공급관로(

); 및 상기 3개 이상의 정삼투막 모듈(100) 중 가장 후단에 위치하는 정삼투막 모듈(100)로부터 배출되는 희석용액을 상기 희석액 저류조(300)로 이송하기 위한 희석액 회수관로(

)를 포함하되, 상기 유도용액 공급관로(

)와 희석액 공급관로(

)의 내경이 상이한 것을 특징으로 한다.The forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the present invention for solving the above problem includes three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 arranged in series; Draw solution storage tank 200; A dilution liquid storage tank 300; The diluted draw solution storage tank 400; In order to move the draw solution to the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100, a draw solution supply pipe connecting the forward osmosis membrane module 100 located at the most front end and the draw solution storage tank 200 (

); A draw solution discharge pipe for transferring the draw solution discharged from the forward osmosis membrane module 100 located at the rearmost end of the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 to the diluted draw solution storage tank 400 (

); The diluent supply pipe connecting the forward osmosis membrane module 100 and the diluent storage tank 300 located at the most front end so that the diluting solution can move to the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 (

); And a dilution recovery pipe for transferring the dilution solution discharged from the forward osmosis membrane module 100 located at the rearmost end of the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 to the dilution solution storage tank 300 (

), but the draw solution supply line (

) And the diluent supply line (

) Is characterized in that the inner diameter is different.

)는 상기 제1 모듈(110) 전단에 연결되며, 상기 유도용액 배출관로(

)는 상기 제4 모듈(140) 후단에 연결되고, 상기 희석액 공급관로(

)는 상기 제1 모듈(110) 전단에 연결되며, 상기 희석액 회수관로(

)는 상기 제4 모듈(140) 후단에 연결될 수 있다.In addition, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, the forward osmosis membrane module 100 includes a first module 110, a second module 120, a third module 130, and a fourth module 140 sequentially. Doedoe connected in series, the draw solution supply line (

) Is connected to the front end of the first module 110, and the draw solution discharge pipe (

) Is connected to the rear end of the fourth module 140, and the diluent supply pipe (

) Is connected to the front end of the first module 110, and the diluent recovery pipe (

) May be connected to the rear end of the fourth module 140.

)의 내경은 커지고, 희석액 공급관로(

)의 내경은 작아지는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, as the first module 110 goes to the fourth module 140, the draw solution supply pipe (

), the inner diameter of the diluent supply line (

It is preferable that the inner diameter of) be small.

)의 내경은 아래 식-2를 만족하는 것이 바람직하다.Further, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, the diluent supply pipe (

It is preferable that the inner diameter of) satisfies Equation-2 below.

(Equation-1)

은 제1 모듈(110) 전단에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제1 내경,

은 제1 모듈(110)과 제2 모듈(120) 사이에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제2 내경,

은 제2 모듈(120)과 제3 모듈(130) 사이에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제3 내경,

은 제3 모듈(130)과 제4 모듈(140) 사이에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제4 내경이다.here,

Is a first inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe located at the front end of the first module 110,

Is a second inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe located between the first module 110 and the second module 120,

Is a third inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe located between the second module 120 and the third module 130,

Is a fourth inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe positioned between the third module 130 and the fourth module 140.

)의 내경은 아래 식-2을 만족하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, the draw solution supply pipe (

It is preferable that the inner diameter of) satisfies Equation-2 below.

(Equation-2)

은 제1 모듈(110) 전단에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제1 내경,

은 제1 모듈(110)과 제2 모듈(120) 사이에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제2 내경,

은 제2 모듈(120)과 제3 모듈(130) 사이에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제3 내경,

은 제3 모듈(130)과 제4 모듈(140) 사이에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제4 내경이다.here,

Is the first inner diameter, which is an induction solution pipe located at the front end of the first module 110,

Is a second inner diameter which is an induction solution pipe located between the first module 110 and the second module 120,

Is a third inner diameter, which is an induction solution pipe located between the second module 120 and the third module 130,

Is a fourth inner diameter that is an induction solution pipe located between the third module 130 and the fourth module 140.

)의 흡입구가 위치하는 상기 제1 저류조(310)는, 희석액 보충관로(

) 및, 희석액 수위를 소정 범위로 유지하기 위한 수위조절센서(311)가 구비되고, 상기 제1 격벽(330)은 상부 소정 위치에 메쉬망이 형성되고, 상기 희석액 회수관로(

)의 출구가 위치하는 상기 농축액 회수조(320)에는 회수된 희석액에 함유된 오염물을 흡착하기 위한 입상 흡착제(321)가 충진되어 있는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, the dilution liquid storage tank 300 includes a first partition wall 330, a dilution liquid first storage tank 310 partitioned by the first partition wall 330, and a concentrate recovery tank ( 320), but the diluent supply pipe (

The first storage tank 310 in which the suction port of) is located is a dilution solution supplementary pipe (

), and a water level control sensor 311 for maintaining the diluent level in a predetermined range, the first partition wall 330 has a mesh net formed at an upper predetermined position, and the diluent recovery pipe (

It is preferable that the concentrated liquid recovery tank 320 in which the outlet of) is located is filled with a granular adsorbent 321 for adsorbing contaminants contained in the recovered diluent.

)와 연결된 역세척수 공급관로(

)가 구비되고, 상기 역세척조(340)에는 슬러리 상태의 분말활성탄(341)이 수용되어 있는 것이 바람직하다.Further, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, the dilution liquid storage tank 300 includes a second partition wall 350 and a back washing tank 340 partitioned by the second partition wall 350, and the inlet is the reverse. It is connected to the washing tank 340 and the other side is the diluent supply pipe (

) And the backwash water supply line (

) Is provided, and the powdered activated carbon 341 in a slurry state is preferably accommodated in the backwash tank 340.

According to the forward osmosis membrane filtration device capable of controlling the flow rate of the draw solution and the diluent of the present invention and its operation method, the inner diameter of these transfer pipes is changed in consideration of the reduced flow rate of the dilution solution or the increased flow rate of the draw solution. Is possible.

In addition, according to the forward osmosis membrane filtration device capable of controlling the flow rate of the draw solution and the diluent of the present invention and the operation method thereof, a concentrate recovery tank filled with an adsorbent capable of removing relatively small contaminants is provided. There is an advantage in that contamination of the membrane can be minimized.

In addition, according to the forward osmosis membrane filtration device capable of controlling the flow rate of the draw solution and the diluent of the present invention and the operation method thereof, powder activated carbon in a slurry state that can be easily backwashed even if membrane contamination occurs during the forward osmosis membrane filtration is placed in the dilution liquid storage tank. It is always equipped, so it has the advantage of very convenient operation and operation.

1 is a schematic view showing a forward osmosis membrane filtration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a first schematic diagram of an enlarged diluent pipe and a draw solution pipe in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a second schematic diagram of an enlarged diluent pipe and a draw solution pipe in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a third schematic diagram in which a diluent pipe and a draw solution pipe were enlarged in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a schematic view showing a forward osmosis membrane filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the present application, terms such as "include", "have" or "have" are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but one or more other It is to be understood that the presence or addition of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof, does not preclude in advance the possibility of being excluded.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. Should be. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in the middle. Other expressions describing the relationship between components, such as "between" and "just between" or "adjacent to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

In addition, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning of the related technology, and should not be interpreted as an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in this application. Does not.

Hereinafter, a forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus capable of controlling the flow rate of a draw solution and a diluent according to the present invention and a method of operating the same will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same elements in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions for the same elements are omitted.

1 is a schematic view showing a forward osmosis membrane filtration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In the first embodiment according to the present invention, a forward osmosis membrane module 100, a draw solution storage tank 200, a dilution liquid storage tank 300, a diluted draw solution storage tank 400, a plurality of It includes a pipeline.

First, the forward osmosis membrane module 100 is specifically described, two or more, preferably three or more, more preferably four or more modules are arranged in series, as shown in FIG. 1 as an example. , The first module 110, the second module 120, the third module 130, and the fourth module 140 may be connected and arranged in series.

The principle of forward osmosis by the forward osmosis membrane module 100 is that a draw solution having a relatively high salt concentration is supplied to one side, and a diluted solution having a relatively low salt concentration is supplied to the other side. Therefore, these draw solutions and Only pure water from the diluent moves to the draw solution due to the difference in osmotic pressure from the diluent, and the filtration principle of the forward osmosis membrane module corresponds to a known technique, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

)가 연결되는 한편, 타측에는 정삼투막 모듈(100)과 연결된 유도용액 공급관로(

)가 구비되어 있다.The draw solution storage tank 200 temporarily stores the draw solution introduced from the outside in order to supply the draw solution to the forward osmosis membrane module 100 described above. Therefore, on one side, the draw solution supplementary line (

) Is connected, on the other side, a draw solution supply pipe connected to the forward osmosis membrane module 100 (

) Is provided.

Meanwhile, the draw solution is not particularly limited, but may be seawater as an example.

The dilution liquid storage tank 300 is a container for temporarily storing sewage discharged water, for example, having a relatively lower concentration than the draw solution, and includes a dilution liquid first storage tank 310, a concentrate recovery tank 320 and a first partition wall 330 It is composed by

)가 연결되어 있고, 저류된 희석액을 정삼투막 모듈(100)로 공급할 수 있도록, 희석액 공급관로(

)가 구비되어 있다. Specifically, the first dilution storage tank 310 is a container for temporarily storing a dilution solution having a relatively lower concentration than the induction solution, and at one side, a dilution solution supplementary pipe for continuously supplying the dilution solution (

) Is connected, and the diluent supply pipe (in order to supply the stored dilution to the forward osmosis membrane module 100)

) Is provided.

In addition, the diluent first storage tank 310 has a water level control sensor 311 for maintaining the water level of the diluent in a predetermined range, a water quality measuring sensor 301 such as an electric conductivity meter, a turbidimeter, etc., and concentrated to a degree that it is difficult to use as a diluent during forward osmosis. The concentrated liquid discharge pipe 302 may be connected to discharge the foreign substances that have settled on the floor to the outside.

)의 출구와 연결되어 있고, 내부에는 흡착제(321), 보다 상세하게는 희석액에 포함되어 있는 오염물질을 흡착할 수 있도록 입상 활성탄이 충진되어 있다. In the concentrated solution recovery tank 320 separated from the first diluent storage tank 310 by the first partition wall 330, the diluent that has passed through the fourth module 140 located at the rearmost end is again transferred to the first diluent storage tank 310. ) To return to the diluent return line (

) Is connected to the outlet, and is filled with an adsorbent 321, more specifically, granular activated carbon to adsorb pollutants contained in the diluent.

Factors that degrade the performance of the membrane in a filtration system using a forward osmosis membrane are known to accelerate membrane fouling by relatively small particles close to the pore diameter of the membrane, that is, soluble contaminants rather than large particles.

)를 통해 순환되는 희석액에는 정삼투막을 통과하지 못한 매우 작은 용존성 입자들이 다량으로 포함되어 있고, 이들이 다시 정삼투막으로 공급되면 막오염이 가중된다. 본 발명의 제1 실시예에서는 이들 용존성 오염물질들이 다시 순환되지 못하도록, 입상 활성탄이 충진된 농축액 회수조(320)를 별도로 구비하고 있어 막성능을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다.Diluted solution recovery pipe (

), the diluent circulated through the forward osmosis membrane contains a large amount of very small soluble particles that did not pass through the forward osmosis membrane, and when they are fed back to the forward osmosis membrane, membrane contamination increases. In the first embodiment of the present invention, since a concentrated liquid recovery tank 320 filled with granular activated carbon is separately provided so that these dissolved contaminants cannot be circulated again, the membrane performance can be greatly improved.

)를 통해 유입되는 희석액 흐름에 의해 농축액 회수조(320) 내에서 자유롭게 유동하고 있으며, 따라서 별도의 구동력 없이도 활성탄과 희석액이 계속적으로 충돌 접촉하기 때문에 별도의 구동력을 필요로 하지 않아 경제적이다.That is, the granular activated carbon is used in the diluent recovery pipe (

) Flows freely in the concentrated liquid recovery tank 320 by the flow of the dilution liquid flowing through), and therefore, it is economical because a separate driving force is not required because the activated carbon and the dilution liquid continuously collide with each other without a separate driving force.

On the other hand, a mesh network (not shown) is formed in the first partition wall 330 located between the diluent first storage tank 310 and the concentrate recovery tank 320 at an upper predetermined position, which contains the concentrated liquid from which contaminants are adsorbed and removed. It is to induce the diluent to flow naturally into the first storage tank 310 and to prevent the granular activated carbon from passing through.

Of course, it is obvious that the size of the mesh network should be smaller than that of the granular activated carbon as an adsorbent.

)는 다수개의 정삼투막 모듈(100) 중 가장 전단에 위치하고 있는 제1 모듈(110) 입구에 연결되고, 이후 제2 모듈(120), 제3 모듈(130) 및 제4 모듈(140)을 순차적으로 관통하도록 배치된다. 그리고 정삼투막 모듈(100) 중 가장 후단에 위치하는 제4 모듈(140) 출구와 희석된 유도용액 저류조(400) 사이에는 희석된 유도용액을 유도용액 저류조(400)로 이송할 수 있도록 유도용액 배출관로(

)가 위치한다.Subsequently, in relation to the plurality of pipes for supplying the draw solution or the diluent, the draw solution supply pipe connected to the forward osmosis membrane module 100 as described above (

) Is connected to the entrance of the first module 110, which is located at the most front end of the plurality of forward osmosis membrane modules 100, and then the second module 120, the third module 130, and the fourth module 140 It is arranged to penetrate sequentially. In addition, between the outlet of the fourth module 140 located at the rear end of the forward osmosis membrane module 100 and the diluted draw solution storage tank 400, the draw solution is transferred to the draw solution storage tank 400. Discharge pipe (

) Is located.

)에 의해 제1 모듈(110) 입구와 희석액 제1 저류조(310)가 연결되고, 이후 제2 모듈(120), 제3 모듈(130) 및 제4 모듈(140)을 순차적으로 관통하도록 배치된다. 그리고 정삼투막 모듈(100) 중 가장 후단에 위치하는 제4 모듈(140) 출구와 농축액 회수조(320) 사이에는 소정 농도로 농축된 희석액이 다시 농축액 회수조(320)로 순환될 있도록 희석액 회수관로(

)가 위치한다.The first supply line for the dilution solution for transferring the dilution solution (

), the inlet of the first module 110 and the first storage tank 310 of the dilution solution are connected, and are disposed to sequentially pass through the second module 120, the third module 130, and the fourth module 140 . And between the outlet of the fourth module 140 located at the rearmost end of the forward osmosis membrane module 100 and the concentrate recovery tank 320, the diluted solution is collected so that the diluted solution concentrated to a predetermined concentration is circulated back to the concentrate recovery tank 320. pipeline(

) Is located.

2 is a first schematic diagram of an enlarged diluent pipe and a draw solution pipe in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

)와 희석액 공급관로(

)의 내경이 상이하다. 일예로, 유도용액 공급관로(

)의 내경은 동일하지만, 희석액 공급관로(

)의 내경은 전단에서부터 후단으로 갈수록 점차 작아진다. 구체적으로, 아래 식-1과 같이, 제1 모듈(110) 전단에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제1 내경(

)이 가장 크고, 제1 모듈(110)과 제2 모듈(120) 사이에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제2 내경(

), 제2 모듈(120)과 제3 모듈(130) 사이에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제3 내경(

) 그리고 제3 모듈(130)과 제4 모듈(140) 사이에 위치하는 희석액 공급관로인 제4 내경(

)의 순으로 점차 작아진다.As shown in Figure 2, in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the present invention, the draw solution supply pipe (

) And the diluent supply line (

) Has a different inner diameter. For example, the draw solution supply line (

) Has the same inner diameter, but the diluent supply line (

The inner diameter of) gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end. Specifically, as shown in Equation 1 below, the first inner diameter (

) Is the largest, and the second inner diameter, which is a dilution supply line located between the first module 110 and the second module 120

), a dilution supply pipe located between the second module 120 and the third module 130, a third inner diameter (

) And the fourth inner diameter (which is the diluent supply line located between the third module 130 and the fourth module 140)

It gradually decreases in the order of ).

(Equation-1)

As for the flow rate change in a general forward osmosis membrane system, as the forward osmosis membrane module is longer or the number of modules arranged in series increases, the flow rate of the draw solution increases, while the flow rate of the diluent decreases.

That is, the flow rate of the diluent decreases toward the rear end, which creates an environment in which contaminants tend to accumulate on the surface of the forward osmosis membrane in contact with the diluent, and consequently acts as a cause of deteriorating the membrane performance.

However, if the inner diameter of the diluent supply pipe gradually decreases as the inner diameter of the diluent supply pipe decreases as it goes to the fourth module 140, which is the final outlet of the forward osmosis membrane in consideration of the amount of diluent that decreases while passing through each module, the dilution solution It is possible to maintain a high flow rate of, and thus, because contaminants do not accumulate on the surface of the forward osmosis membrane and are circulated to the diluent first storage tank 310, membrane contamination can be greatly reduced.

3 is a second schematic diagram of an enlarged diluent pipe and a draw solution pipe in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

)의 내경은 전단에서부터 후단으로 갈수록 점차 작아지지만, 유도용액 공급관로(

)의 내경은 후단으로 갈수록 점차 커질 수 있다.Like the first schematic diagram of Fig. 2, the diluent supply pipe (

The inner diameter of) gradually decreases from the front end to the rear end, but the draw solution supply line (

The inner diameter of) may gradually increase toward the rear end.

)이 가장 작고, 제1 모듈(110)과 제2 모듈(120) 사이에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제2 내경(

), 제2 모듈(120)과 제3 모듈(130) 사이에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제3 내경(

) 그리고 제3 모듈(130)과 제4 모듈(140) 사이에 위치하는 유도용액관로인 제4 내경(

)의 순으로 점차 작아진다.That is, as shown in Equation 2 below, the first inner diameter of the induction solution pipe located at the front end of the first module 110 (

) Is the smallest, and the second inner diameter, which is an induction solution pipe located between the first module 110 and the second module 120

), the third inner diameter of the induction solution pipe located between the second module 120 and the third module 130 (

) And the fourth inner diameter of the induction solution pipe located between the third module 130 and the fourth module 140 (

It gradually decreases in the order of ).

(Equation-1)

(Equation-2)

As described above, as the forward osmosis membrane module is longer or the number of modules arranged in series increases, the flow rate of the draw solution moving to the rear end increases. This may deviate from the preferred transfer speed ratio of the diluent and the draw solution, and consequently hinder the stable operation of the reverse osmosis membrane.

However, if the inner diameter of the draw solution supply pipe is gradually increased toward the fourth module 140, which is the final outlet of the forward osmosis membrane, taking into account the increased amount of draw solution while passing through each module, the diluent supply pipe and the draw solution supply pipe are moved. It is possible to adjust these flow rate ratios to a preferred ratio range.

4 is a third schematic diagram in which a diluent pipe and a draw solution pipe were enlarged in the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Except that the inner diameter of the draw solution pipe is gradually increased or the inner diameter of the diluent supply pipe is tapered, the overlapping description will be omitted.

(Equation-1)

(Equation-2)

5 is a schematic view showing a forward osmosis membrane filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the second embodiment according to the present invention, except for the configuration of the diluent storage tank 300, since the configuration is the same as that of the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus of the first embodiment described above, a different configuration will be described below.

In the dilution liquid storage tank 300 in the second embodiment, in addition to the dilution liquid first storage tank 310, the concentrate recovery tank 320 and the first partition wall 330, a backwash tank 340 and a second partition wall 350 are added. Included as.

)와 역세척수 배출관로(

)가 연결된다. 또 역세척조(340)에는 슬러리 상태의 분말활성탄(341)이 수용되어 있어, 정삼투막 모듈 표면에 오염물질이 부착되었을 시 역세척조(340)의 슬러리 상태인 분말활성탄(341)을 공급 순환시켜 막 표면의 오염물질을 떨어뜨려 투과성능을 회복시킬 수 있다.Specifically, in the backwash tank 340 partitioned by the second partition wall 350, a backwash water supply pipe (

) And backwash water discharge pipe (

) Is connected. In addition, the powder activated carbon 341 in a slurry state is accommodated in the backwash tank 340, and when contaminants adhere to the surface of the forward osmosis membrane module, the powder activated carbon 341 in the slurry state of the backwash tank 340 is supplied and circulated. The permeability can be restored by dropping contaminants on the membrane surface.

Hereinafter, a method of operating the forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus according to the second embodiment of FIG. 5 will be described.

)를 통해 제1 모듈(110) 일측으로 유도용액을 제1 유량(

)으로 공급하는 한편, 희석액 제1 저류조(310)와 연결된 희석액 제1 공급관로(

)를 통해 제1 모듈(110) 타측으로 희석액를 제1 유량(

)으로 공급하는 제1 단계, 제4 모듈(140)로부터 배출되는 희석된 유도용액을 유도용액 배출관로(

)를 통해 유도용액 저류조(400)로 이송하는 한편, 제4 모듈(140)로부터 배출되는 농축된 희석액를 희석액 회수관로(

)를 통해 농축액 회수조(320)로 회수하는 제2 단계, 농축액 회수조(320)의 입상 흡착제와 농축된 희석액를 소정 시간 반응시켜 오염물을 흡착 제거하는 제3 단계, 및 소정량의 오염물이 제거된 농축된 희석액를 희석액 제1 저류조(310)로 이송하는 한편, 희석액 제1 저류조(310)에 희석액를 보충하는 제4 단계, 및 역세척조(340)의 슬러리상 분말활성탄(341)을 제1 모듈(110) 타측으로 공급하여 정삼투막을 역세척하는 제5 단계를 포함하여 이루어질 수 있다.Draw solution supply line (

) To one side of the first module 110 through the first flow rate (

) While supplying the first diluent to the first diluent storage tank 310 (

) To the other side of the first module 110 through the first flow rate (

) The first step of supplying the diluted draw solution discharged from the fourth module 140 to the draw solution discharge pipe (

) To the draw solution storage tank 400, while the concentrated dilution discharged from the fourth module 140 is transferred to the dilution liquid recovery pipe (

) Through the second step of recovering the concentrate to the concentrate recovery tank 320, a third step of reacting the granular adsorbent of the concentrate recovery tank 320 with the concentrated diluent for a predetermined time to adsorb and remove the contaminants, and While transferring the concentrated diluted solution to the first diluting tank 310, a fourth step of replenishing the diluent to the first diluting tank 310, and a slurry-like powdered activated carbon 341 of the backwashing tank 340 are transferred to the first module 110. ) It may be made including a fifth step of backwashing the forward osmosis membrane by supplying it to the other side.

)은 유도용액 제1 유량(

)의 3배 이상이 되도록 공급하는 것이 바람직하고, 이는 충분한 삼투압 차이를 유지하기 위함이다.Specifically, the first step is a step of simultaneously supplying the draw solution and the diluent to the first module 110 so that a part of the diluent can pass through the forward osmosis membrane and move to the draw solution due to the difference in osmotic pressure. Here, the first flow rate of the diluent (

) Is the first flow rate of the draw solution (

It is preferable to supply so as to be 3 times or more of ), and this is to maintain a sufficient osmotic pressure difference.

(Equation-3)

은 제1 모듈(110) 전단으로 유입되는 유도용액 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

은 제1 모듈(110) 전단으로 유입되는 희석액 제1 공급관로(

)에서의 유량이다.here,

The draw solution supply pipe flowing into the front end of the first module 110 (

Flow rate at ),

The diluent first supply pipe flowing into the front end of the first module 110 (

) Is the flow rate.

는 제2 모듈(120) 전단으로 유입되는 유도용액 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

는 제3 모듈(130) 전단으로 유입되는 유도용액 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

는 제4 모듈(140) 전단으로 유입되는 유도용액 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

는 제4 모듈(140) 후단으로 배출되는 유도용액 배출관로(

)에서의 유량,

은 제2 모듈(120) 전단으로 유입되는 희석액 제1 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

은 제3 모듈(130) 전단으로 유입되는 희석액 제1 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

은 제4 모듈(140) 전단으로 유입되는 희석액 제1 공급관로(

)에서의 유량,

은 제1 모듈(110) 내에서 희석액이 투과한 유량,

은 제2 모듈(120) 내에서 희석액이 투과한 유량,

은 제3 모듈(130) 내에서 희석액이 투과한 유량,

은 제4 모듈(140) 내에서 희석액이 투과한 유량이다.Meanwhile in FIG. 5,

Is the draw solution supply pipe flowing into the front end of the second module 120 (

Flow rate at ),

The draw solution supply pipe flowing into the front end of the third module 130 (

Flow rate at ),

Is the draw solution supply pipe flowing into the front end of the fourth module 140 (

Flow rate at ),

Is the draw solution discharge pipe that is discharged to the rear end of the fourth module 140 (

Flow rate at ),

The diluent first supply pipe flowing into the front end of the second module 120 (

Flow rate at ),

The diluent first supply pipe flowing into the front end of the third module 130 (

Flow rate at ),

The first supply pipe of the diluent flowing into the front end of the fourth module 140 (

Flow rate at ),

Is the flow rate through which the diluent permeated in the first module 110,

Is the flow rate through which the diluent permeated in the second module 120,

Is the flow rate through which the diluent permeated in the third module 130,

Is the flow rate through which the dilution liquid permeated in the fourth module 140.

The second step is a step of transferring the draw solution whose concentration is lowered by mixing the diluent to the draw solution storage tank 400, and recovering the concentrated dilution to the concentrate recovery tank 320.

)를 통해 외부로부터 유도용액이 보충될 수 있다.Of course, when the draw solution in the draw solution storage tank 200 is insufficient, the draw solution supplementary pipe (

), the draw solution can be replenished from outside.

In the third step, the particulate adsorbent and the concentrated diluent are reacted for a predetermined time to adsorb and remove contaminants, and in the fourth step, the concentrated dilution from which the contaminants have been removed is transferred to the first diluent storage tank 310. Here, when the concentrated liquid recovery tank 320 falls below a predetermined level, the dilution liquid is additionally supplemented from the outside.

), 희석액 제1 공급관로(

) 및 역세척수 배출관(

)를 경유하여 다시 역세척조(340)로 순환될 수 있도록 제1 밸브(

)와 제2 밸브(

)의 개폐 각도를 조절한다.In the fifth step, when the permeation amount of the diluent is lowered below the set range, that is, contaminants adhere to the surface of the forward osmosis membrane, the permeation performance decreases, and thus backwashing is performed. At this time, the slurry-like powdered activated carbon of the backwash tank 340 is transferred to the backwash water supply pipe (

), the first supply line of the diluted solution (

) And backwash water discharge pipe (

) To be circulated back to the backwash tank 340 through the first valve (

) And the second valve (

) To adjust the opening and closing angle.

When the fifth step is finished, the forward osmosis membrane filtration process is performed while repeating the fourth step from the first step again.

Specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, these specific descriptions are only preferred embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope and scope of the technical idea, and it is natural that such modifications and modifications fall within the appended claims.

: 유도용액 보충관로

: 유도용액 공급관로

: 유도용액 배출관로

: 유도용액 제1 유량

: 유도용액 제2 유량

: 유도용액 제3 유량

: 유도용액 제4 유량

: 유도용액 제5 유량

: 희석액 보충관로

: 희석액 공급관로

: 희석액 회수관로

: 역세척수 공급관로

: 역세척수 배출관로

: 희석액 제1 유량

: 희석액 제2 유량

: 희석액 제3 유량

: 희석액 제4 유량

: 희석액 제5 유량

: 제1 투과 유량

: 제2 투과 유량

: 제3 투과 유량

: 제4 투과 유량

: 유도용액관로 제1 내경

: 유도용액관로 제2 내경

: 유도용액관로 제3 내경

: 유도용액관로 제4 내경

: 희석용액관로 제1 내경

: 희석용액관로 제2 내경

: 희석용액관로 제3 내경

: 희석용액관로 제4 내경

: 제1 밸브

: 제2 밸브 100: forward osmosis membrane module
110: first module
120: second module
130: third module
140: fourth module
200: draw solution storage tank
300: dilution liquid storage tank
301: water quality measurement sensor 302: concentrated liquid discharge pipe
310: dilution liquid first storage tank
311: water level control sensor
320: concentrated liquid recovery tank
321: adsorbent
330: first bulkhead
340: backwash tank
341: powder activated carbon
350: second bulkhead
400: diluted draw solution storage tank

: Draw solution supplement pipe

: Induction solution supply line

: Induction solution discharge pipe

: Draw solution first flow rate

: 2nd flow rate of draw solution

: 3rd flow rate of draw solution

: Draw solution 4th flow rate

: Draw solution 5th flow rate

: Diluent supplement pipe

: Diluted solution supply line

: Diluted solution recovery line

: Backwash water supply line

: Backwash water discharge pipe

: Diluent 1st flow rate

: Diluent 2nd flow rate

: Diluent 3rd flow rate

: Diluent 4th flow rate

: Diluent 5th flow rate

: 1st permeate flow rate

: 2nd permeate flow rate

: 3rd permeate flow rate

: 4th permeate flow rate

: Induction solution pipe 1 inner diameter

: Induction solution pipe 2nd inner diameter

: Induction solution pipe 3 inner diameter

: Induction solution pipe 4 inner diameter

: Diluted solution pipe 1 inner diameter

: Diluted solution pipe 2nd inner diameter

: Diluted solution pipe 3 inner diameter

: Diluted solution pipe 4 inner diameter

: 1st valve

: 2nd valve

Claims (7)

Three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 arranged in series;
Draw solution storage tank 200;
A dilution liquid storage tank 300;
The diluted draw solution storage tank 400;
In order to move the draw solution to the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100, a draw solution supply pipe connecting the forward osmosis membrane module 100 located at the most front end and the draw solution storage tank 200 (

);
A draw solution discharge pipe for transferring the draw solution discharged from the forward osmosis membrane module 100 located at the rearmost of the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 to the diluted draw solution storage tank 400 (

);
A diluent supply pipe connecting the forward osmosis membrane module 100 and the dilution liquid storage tank 300 located at the front end so that the diluted solution can move to the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 (

); And
Diluted solution recovery pipe for transferring the dilution solution discharged from the forward osmosis membrane module 100 located at the rearmost of the three or more forward osmosis membrane modules 100 to the diluent storage tank 300 (

), but
The draw solution supply line (

) And the diluent supply line (

) Has a different inner diameter,
The dilution liquid storage tank 300 includes a first partition wall 330, a dilution liquid first storage tank 310 partitioned by the first partition wall 330, and a concentrated liquid recovery tank 320,
The diluent supply pipe (

The first storage tank 310 in which the suction port of) is located is a dilution solution supplementary pipe (

) And, a water level control sensor 311 for maintaining the diluent level in a predetermined range is provided,
The first partition wall 330 has a mesh net formed at an upper predetermined position,
The diluent return line (

A forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus, characterized in that the concentrated liquid recovery tank (320) in which the outlet of) is located is filled with a granular adsorbent (321) for adsorbing contaminants contained in the recovered diluent.
The method of claim 1,
In the forward osmosis membrane module 100, a first module 110, a second module 120, a third module 130, and a fourth module 140 are sequentially connected in series,
The draw solution supply line (

) Is connected to the front end of the first module 110, and the draw solution discharge pipe (

) Is connected to the rear end of the fourth module 140,
The diluent supply pipe (

) Is connected to the front end of the first module 110, and the diluent recovery pipe (

) Is a forward osmosis membrane filtration device, characterized in that connected to the rear end of the fourth module (140).
The method of claim 2,
From the first module 110 to the fourth module 140, the draw solution supply line (

), the inner diameter of the diluent supply line (

) The inner diameter of the forward osmosis membrane filtration device, characterized in that the small.
The method of claim 3,
The diluent supply pipe (

) The inner diameter of the forward osmosis membrane filtration device, characterized in that satisfies the equation-1 below.
(Equation-1)

here,

The first inner diameter, which is a diluent supply pipe located at the front end of the first module 110

Is a second inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe located between the first module 110 and the second module 120

Is a third inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe located between the second module 120 and the third module 130

Is a fourth inner diameter that is a diluent supply pipe located between the third module 130 and the fourth module 140
The method of claim 4,
The draw solution supply line (

) Of the forward osmosis membrane filtration device, characterized in that the inner diameter satisfies Equation-2 below.
(Equation-2)

here,

The first inner diameter, which is an induction solution pipe located at the front end of the first module 110

Is a second inner diameter that is an induction solution pipe located between the first module 110 and the second module 120

Is a third inner diameter that is an induction solution pipe located between the second module 120 and the third module 130

Is the fourth inner diameter of the induction solution pipe located between the third module 130 and the fourth module 140
delete The method of claim 1,
The dilution liquid storage tank 300 includes a second partition wall 350 and a back washing tank 340 partitioned by the second partition wall 350,
The inlet is connected to the backwash tank 340 and the other side is the diluent supply pipe (

) And the backwash water supply line (

) Is provided,
The forward osmosis membrane filtration apparatus, characterized in that the powdered activated carbon (341) in a slurry state is accommodated in the backwash tank (340).

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