KR102130699B1 - Block-chain based voting system operating method with distributed transaction pool - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an operation method of an electronic voting system based on blockchain with a distributed transaction pool. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the operation method may comprise the steps of: randomly allocating miners participating for verifying voting data to a plurality of mining pools (S1); mapping the plurality of mining pools to a plurality of distributed transaction pools in which transaction pools are distributed (S2); and setting mining scheduling for the plurality of mining pools in consideration of the number of contract codes generated in the distributed transaction pool and waiting time of the mining pool (S3).

Description

Block-chain based voting system operating method with distributed transaction pool}

The present invention relates to a blockchain-based electronic voting system, and more particularly, to a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system having a distributed transaction pool.

Recently, interest in blockchain-based cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin and Ether is increasing. Cryptocurrency has the advantage of guaranteeing integrity because all participants in the network share the same public ledger.

Blockchain is used to record transactions between many computers and is a distributed public ledger shared by all participants. The distributed ledger of blockchain has the advantage that information manipulation is very difficult. Based on these advantages, research is being conducted to apply blockchain in various fields. An electronic voting system is one of them.

In some cases, electronic voting systems that meet the requirements of existing voting systems have been implemented in Ether. However, since it was implemented in an environment similar to Ether, problems such as excessive competition and waste of resources in the mining pool for mining compensation occur.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1908677 (Registration on October 10, 2018)-Electronic voting management system and method using blockchain

The present invention is to provide a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system in which resource waste of a mining pool is resolved by distributing transaction pools and individually mapping mining pools to alleviate the competitive state.

Objects other than the present invention will be easily understood through the following description.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system, comprising: randomly allocating minors participating to verify voting data to a plurality of mining pools (S1); The plurality of mining pools are respectively mapped to a plurality of distributed transaction pools in which transaction pools are distributed (S2); A method for operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system, comprising setting up mining scheduling for the plurality of mining pools in consideration of the number of contract codes generated in the distributed transaction pool and the waiting time of the mining pool (S3). Is provided.

In step S1, random allocation may be performed using a cryptographic algorithm of a pseudo random number generator.

When k is a generated random number and n is a number of mining pools, a mining pool number to which a new miner is allocated = (k mod n) + 1.

The transaction pool may be distributed randomly or according to the characteristics of the region where the transaction occurs.

It may further include the step (S4) of causing the fee and gas for executing the contract code to be equally applied to all contract codes.

The minor may further include a step (S5) of transmitting the contract code of the mapped distributed transaction pool in a block in a first-in, first-out (FIFO) manner.

The blockchain-based electronic voting system can use the Ethereum platform and use a semi-permitted blockchain method.

The blockchain-based electronic voting system, during the election preparation period, constructs a blockchain network at a manager node, creates a list of voters, enters election information, and sends a transaction to the blockchain network to create a new election contract and election Obtain a code, recruit validators for the minor, propagate the election code to a voter node, and during the voting period, the voter node uses the election code to vote for the blockchain network in which the minor participated Registration attempts and voting data propagation are performed, and the miner verifies the voter and voting data, and when the end time has elapsed, the manager node and the voter node request the inquiring result from the minor and inquire, and the manager node In can process the process of presenting the election results and checking the counting results.

Other aspects, features and advantages other than those described above will become apparent from the following drawings, claims and detailed description of the invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, by distributing the transaction pool and individually mapping the mining pool, alleviating the competition state, there is an effect that the resource waste of the mining pool is eliminated.

1 is a block diagram of a blockchain-based electronic voting system,
2 is a block generation method in an electronic voting system,
3 is a view showing the mining of excessive competition in the current environment,
4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a distributed transaction pool in a blockchain-based electronic voting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a flowchart of a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system having a distributed transaction pool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention can be applied to various changes and can have various embodiments, and specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

When an element is said to be "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that other components may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when a component is said to be "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that no other component exists in the middle.

Terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components.

The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "include" or "have" are intended to indicate that there are features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It should be understood that the existence or addition possibilities of fields or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof are not excluded in advance.

In addition, the components of the embodiments described with reference to each drawing are not limited to those embodiments, and may be implemented to be included in other embodiments within the scope of maintaining the technical spirit of the present invention. Although the description is omitted, it is natural that a plurality of embodiments may be reimplemented as one integrated embodiment.

In addition, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same components, regardless of reference numerals, are assigned the same or related reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. In the description of the present invention, when it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known technologies may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

In addition, terms such as “…unit”, “…unit”, “…module”, and “…group” described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which is hardware or software or hardware and software. It can be implemented as a combination of.

1 is a block diagram of a blockchain-based electronic voting system, and FIG. 2 is a block generation method in an electronic voting system.

The blockchain-based electronic voting system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention uses an Ethereum platform. Ethereum is a distributed computing platform that implements smart contracts based on blockchain. In Ethereum, cryptocurrency Ether is an example of using the contents of a contract code as transaction information. In Ether, the miner executes the contract code and includes it in a block, which requires gas to execute the contract code. The contract code can be applied based on content in various applications such as electronic voting systems and physical asset registration, and ensures integrity.

Since the blockchain-based electronic voting system 100 needs a method of generating a transaction in the form of programming code and storing it in the blockchain, individual blockchains that can create new distributed applications are utilized whenever necessary. In addition, it is possible to utilize the method of disclosing information on the verifier and securing legal grounds while protecting the anonymity of the user (voteer) by using the anti-permission blockchain method.

In the blockchain-based electronic voting system 100, the voters can participate autonomously, but the validator node may receive a voluntary participation request in advance and confirm the identity to participate in the blockchain network. In case there is no voluntary participant, the central institution (the NEC) can basically participate as one node. Therefore, if the number of voluntary participants is n, the validator node will be n+1 in total. Subsequently, if fraudulent activity is detected on the blockchain, the validator node will be deemed to have attacked and will be subject to legal sanction. However, as long as there is proof of operation of the blockchain, the fraudulent activity will be canceled and the voting system can be maintained stably.

When creating a transaction when creating a transaction on the blockchain network, data in the form of programming code can be transmitted, not the transfer of money. The Ethereum platform has a built-in compiler that can execute the code, so contracts can be used to create programs that utilize blockchain technology. The contract programming code is the same as the blockchain's transaction data, so you cannot manipulate the data arbitrarily. Therefore, the role of the programming code as well as the role of the database can ensure stability.

The blockchain-based electronic voting system 100 according to the present embodiment includes a voter registration module 110, an election registration module 120, a voting module 130, an aggregation module 140, and a counting module 150.

The voter registration module 110 generates key data (public key/secret key) when a voter's personal unique identification code is received from a voter node. In this case, if the public key overlaps, registration fails, and if the public key does not overlap, the voter registration can be completed by saving the public key and registering successfully.

Through this process, the manager checks the list of voters to be given voting rights to induce authorized voters to participate in the voting, and the voters complete the identification process before voting and then exercise their voting rights.

The manager creates a contract to be used as a voter database on the blockchain. The contract may consist of a method for storing the voter code, a method for querying, and a method for querying the total number of registered voters. You can create an associative array referenced by the election code, and make a three-dimensional array of voter codes and the number of registered voters for each election code. When the user registers to vote, the user checks for duplicates and conditions, and if there is no abnormality, the genetic code is stored in the contract. Subsequently, if a voter code exists in the voter registration agreement at the time of voting, it is deemed to have a vote.

The election registration module 120 stores elections by receiving election content and forms and generating election contracts on the blockchain. Then, the election registration is completed by generating an election code and spreading the corresponding election code.

A string variable that can store the title, item, and end time of the author can be created, and an associative array containing the vote value referenced by the voter code can be created. Since the blockchain data is open to all, it is possible to replace the voter code with a random code value so that the value of the voter code cannot be inferred.

When the election code is input, the voting module 130 determines whether the current time is the end time. If it is before the end time, voter registration is made through the voter registration module 110, and when the voter registration is completed, a ballot is loaded. Voter input is made at the voter node, but it is determined that the voting was successful by storing the public key and increasing the item count. If the end time has elapsed or the voter registration fails, it is determined that the vote has failed.

When the election code is input, the aggregation module 140 determines whether the block time is before the end time. If it is before the end time, the current count is calculated by counting the votes. If the block time is after the end time, counting ends.

When the election code is input, the counting module 150 determines whether the block time is before the end time. If it is before the end time, it is judged that voting is in progress. If it is after the end time, the number of votes/number of votes per item can be calculated by counting the number of votes.

In this embodiment, the voter can access the blockchain network to access the voter registration agreement and the election agreement to vote using a decentralized electronic voting system that can be used online anytime, anywhere, and query the count value.

The electronic voting process is as follows.

During the election preparation period, the manager node forms a blockchain network. When the voter list is created, the election information is entered, and the transaction is transmitted to the blockchain network, a new election contract is generated and an election code is obtained.

We recruit validators for minors. Miners who want to participate will request the verifier permission, and the manager node will approve the verifier permission. It participates in the blockchain network and spreads the election code to voter nodes.

During the voting period, the voter node attempts to register a voter against the blockchain network in which the miner participates using the election code, and the miner verifies the data. Then, the voter node propagates the voting data, and the miner verifies it. The voting data is sent to the election contract by creating a transaction with the voter code. The election contract stores the voting data by calling the method to map the voter code to an associative array.

When the end time elapses, the administrator node and/or the voter node may request a counting result from the minor and send the inquired counting result to the administrator node and/or the voter node.

And the manager node can end the counting and voting by announcing the election results and checking the counting results.

Existing voting methods include paper voting and electronic voting systems. Blockchain-based electronic voting systems are location independent and economical during the voting period compared to paper voting. In addition, the initial cost is low, and the reliability of the voting results is higher than that of the existing electronic voting system. Table 1 compares the three voting methods.

Blockchain-based electronic voting system 100 according to this embodiment needs to meet the requirements shown in Table 2.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the case of (a), unnecessary resources may be wasted because all mining pools belonging to the miners participating in the blockchain network of the electronic voting system generate unnecessary blocks each time.

Therefore, when data is generated as shown in (b), all mining pools are changed to generate blocks. If no data is generated, it is switched to the standby state and resource consumption may be reduced.

However, in this case, in addition to computing power, storage capacity, and network use, performance efficiency of block collision may be a problem. The blockchain-based electronic voting system 100 assumes a mining environment similar to that of Ether. However, Ether is in an excessively competitive state of mining pools for mining rewards, and only one successfully mined pool can be recognized for its efforts.

3 is a view showing the mining of excessive competition in the current environment. When applied to the blockchain-based electronic voting system 100, resources of the mining pool are wasted. And in the current environment, there is a limit to the contract code (election code) that can be included for each block (problem 1).

The miner selects the contract code to be included in the block according to the fee, and the unselected contract code is not included in the chain until later selected. In other words, it can take considerable time for voters to confirm that their vote has been applied. This violates voter electronic voting system availability (problem 2).

4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a distributed transaction pool in a blockchain-based electronic voting system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a blockchain-based electronic voting system having a distributed transaction pool according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a flowchart of the operating method.

In the blockchain-based electronic voting system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a distributed transaction pool is applied to reduce resource waste in the mining pool.

Problem 1 in the mining environment shown in FIG. 3 is that the generated data is included in one transaction pool, and all mining pools compete for mining success. To solve this, the transaction pool can be distributed, and each mining pool can be individually mapped to alleviate the competition.

4 shows a mapped distributed transaction pool in which transaction pools are distributed and mining pools are mapped.

In order to increase the reliability of voting results, all miners who participated to verify the voting data are randomly assigned to the mining pool (S1).

Previous blockchain-based e-voting system studies used existing mining environments. The existing mining environment is an environment in which miners who want to obtain mining rewards are competing excessively to create one block, and miners performed mining in their desired mining pool. All mining pools other than mining pools that successfully mined in excessive competition waste resources. The number of transactions in the electronic voting system is small compared to the number of transactions in the transaction environment using blockchain, and a smaller mining pool can perform mining.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when a new miner is added, it is assigned to one of the previously defined mining pools, and the miner does not know which mining pool he belongs to.

For random allocation, a cryptographic algorithm such as a pseudo random number generator can be used. For example, if k is a random number generated and n is the number of mining pools, mining pool number = (k mod n) + 1 to which a new miner is assigned.

Through the non-predictability and non-redundancy features of cryptographic algorithms, miners can be randomly and uniformly assigned to mining pools.

Each mining pool is mapped to a distributed transaction pool (S2). Transaction pools can be distributed randomly or according to characteristics (eg, region of origin). Since the mining pool is connected to an independent transaction pool, independent mining is performed.

Since the mining pool is randomly constructed, it has no characteristics. Therefore, even if the transaction pool has characteristics such as region, it is possible to guarantee mining reliability after mining pool to transaction pool mapping. This means that the mapping between mining pool and transaction pool can be done in a way preferred by the voting system implementer.

Even if the mining pool and transaction pool are distributed, the chain of blocks generated as a result of mining must be kept as one. That is, blocks generated from mining must be connected to a single chain. For this reason, it is necessary to schedule mining between mining pools. This is to prevent uncle block.

Therefore, mining may be scheduled in consideration of the number of contract codes generated in the transaction pool (number of transactions) and the waiting time per mining pool (time when mining of the transaction is not performed) (S3).

Problem 2 is the limit of the maximum contract code per block. To solve this, the fee and gas for executing the contract code are equally applied to all contract codes (S4), and the minor can transmit the contract code of the transaction pool in a block in a first-in, first-out (FIFO) manner (S5).

In a blockchain-based electronic voting system having a distributed transaction pool according to the present embodiment, efficiency is improved in terms of mining resource consumption. Previously, when N mining pools participated in mining, resources consumed by N-1 pools were wasted. However, when all mining pools are mapped according to the present embodiment, resources can be efficiently allocated.

And high availability can be corrected. By applying priority over time to all contract codes, it is possible to prevent a specific contract code from being included in a block for a long time. In addition, it is possible to prevent the mining pool from being lowered in priority through mining scheduling.

It is natural that the above-described method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system having a distributed transaction pool may be performed by an automated procedure according to a time series sequence by a software program embedded in a digital processing device. The codes and code segments constituting the program can be easily inferred by a computer programmer in the field. In addition, the program is stored in a computer readable media, and read and executed by a computer to implement the method. The information storage medium includes a magnetic recording medium, an optical recording medium, and the like.

Although described above with reference to embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art variously modify the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. And can be changed.

100: Blockchain based electronic voting system
110: Voter Registration Module 120: Election Registration Module
130: voting module 140: aggregation module
150: counting module

Claims (8)

As a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system,
Randomly allocating miners who participated to verify the voting data to a plurality of mining pools (S1);
The plurality of mining pools are respectively mapped to a plurality of distributed transaction pools in which transaction pools are distributed (S2);
Setting mining scheduling for the plurality of mining pools in consideration of the number of contract codes generated in the distributed transaction pool and the waiting time of the mining pool (S3);
Method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system comprising a.
According to claim 1,
In step S1,
A method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system, characterized in that random allocation is performed using a cryptographic algorithm of a pseudo random number generator.
According to claim 2,
When k is a generated random number and n is a number of mining pools, a mining pool number to be assigned a new miner = (k mod n) + 1 is a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system.
According to claim 1,
The transaction pool is a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system, characterized in that it is distributed randomly or according to the characteristics of the region where the transaction occurs.
According to claim 1,
Method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system further comprising the step (S4) of the fee and gas for executing the contract code equally applied to all contract codes.
According to claim 1,
The minor is a method of operating a blockchain-based electronic voting system further comprising the step of transmitting the mapped contract code of the distributed transaction pool as a block in a first-in first-out (FIFO) method.
According to claim 1,
The blockchain-based electronic voting system uses an Ethereum platform and uses a semi-permitted blockchain method.
According to claim 1,
The blockchain-based electronic voting system,
During the election preparation period, the administrator node constructs a blockchain network, creates a list of voters, enters elections, and sends transactions to the blockchain network to create new election contracts and obtain election codes,
Recruiting validators for the minors, spreading the election code to voter nodes,
During the voting period, the voter node uses the election code to perform voter registration attempts and vote data propagation to the blockchain network in which the minor participates, and the miner verifies voter and vote data,
When the end time has elapsed, the manager node and the voter node request and query the counting result from the minor, and the manager node announces the election result and performs the process of checking the counting result. How the electronic voting system works.

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