KR102104750B1 - RSP Consensus Method for Blockchain - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an RSP (rock, scissors, paper) consensus method for a block-chain, capable of probabilistically avoiding and preventing attack of a participant participating in a distributed ledger consensus process with malicious intent in a distributed network environment by forming a combination using incentive logic and each of three static variables R, S and P which balance with each other. The RSP consensus method for a block-chain is configured to avoid and prevent attack of a participant participating in a distributed ledger consensus process with malicious intent in a block-chain network environment. The method comprises the following steps of: digitizing performance of a computing device owned by a user desired to participate in the distributed ledger consensus process to a unique value through a dataset; forming a combination using each of three static variables R, S and P which balance with each other according to the digitized unique value; submitting a predetermined ratio of stake held by the user as a deposit to participate in the distributed ledger consensus process; selecting a representative who is to manage consensus of the enforcement among users participating in the distributed ledger through the formation of the RSP combination combined by the user; and allowing the selected representative to measure the winning number by comparing a random RSP combination formed by using a random function with a user′s own RSP combination, paying compensation to a user with the greatest winning number during a corresponding consensus process, and mining a new block. Therefore, the RSP consensus method for a block-chain is provided to avoid and prevent attack from an attacker with malicious intent.

Description

RSP consensus method for Blockchain}

The present invention relates to an RSP consensus method for a blockchain, and more specifically, three static variables R that balance the attack of a participant participating in the distributed ledger consensus process with a malicious intent in a distributed network environment with the Incentive Logic It is about the RSP consensus method for the blockchain that makes it possible to evade and prevent the attack by constructing the combination using, S, P respectively.

With the advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution, which is an ultra-connection-based intelligent revolution triggered by digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, the connectivity created based on software technology is fundamentally changing our society. In addition, in the current network composed of numerous nodes, there is a limit to send and receive numerous data between end-to-end nodes using a centralized server as a gateway. 1 is a structure of a client-server model, which is a conventional centralized method.

Accordingly, the distributed network environment that exchanges data between distributed nodes has begun to draw attention, breaking away from the existing data exchange scheme structure. In particular, in important public institutions that exchange money commonly used in societies such as the banking sector, it was judged that it is inevitable to rely on the financial institution, the central management institution, for the role of a third party to process electronic payments. An electronic money system on the Peer-to-Peer network that does not require a third party role to replace the weakness has emerged. Figure 2 shows the structure of a conventional Peer-to-Peer Network Model, which is a virtual cryptocurrency system called 'Bitcoin' based on blockchain technology.

Block-chain technology described above refers to a technology that distributes and stores data such as all transaction details by all users participating in the network as a data distribution processing technology. Here, the block refers to a single book in which transaction data between individual users and individuals is recorded, and after forming these blocks, a chain structure that sequentially connects them over time. Here, all users have transaction history, so when checking transaction details, check the books held by all users. Therefore, blockchain is commonly referred to as 'public transaction ledger' or 'distributed ledger'.

Here, the consensus algorithm is a key element that constitutes a series of all blockchain networks, and serves to maintain the integrity and security of the decentralized system. It is also the most important indicator that determines the validity of transactions and blocks.

There are several types of algorithms in this consensus algorithm considering the balance of security, functionality, and scalability. Representatively, Proof-of-Work (PoW) algorithm and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) algorithm are used. For example, each has advantages and disadvantages.

Proof of work is a mechanism first introduced in Satoshi Nakamoto's paper 'Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System' and is a consensus algorithm applied to various blockchain environments including Bitcoin. Therefore, all nodes participating in the network have the authority to create a block, where the block is a data set containing transaction details, so creating a block, that is, the transaction records recorded in the block have been verified. it means. In order to create a block from proof of work, a mathematical operation process that requires obtaining a hash value of a specific difficulty is inevitable, and although the operation process is simple, it requires a lot of processing power. Is done. Therefore, it is more advantageous for a user having a terminal device having high computing power because a simple operation process must be repeatedly performed. Correspondingly, various problems such as excessive power consumption and monopolization of mining began to occur. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a situation when a new block is added in a conventional blockchain proof-of-work agreement algorithm.

On the other hand, proof of equity is an algorithm that emerged through discussions among researchers, as the necessity of a new consensus algorithm gradually emerged due to various problems in the above proof-of-work algorithm. In this algorithm, stakes owned by the participants are reflected in the block creation authority. Therefore, there is a validator that plays a role of creating and verifying blocks, and in order to become a validator, you must hang your own cryptocurrency in the form of a deposit. Since then, the procedure for creating and verifying a new block is an algorithm that allows all validators to participate. However, if a large number of stakes are secured in the beginning, the problem of 'inequality' that continuously monopolizes the authority to create blocks and the problem that malicious attacks are easily possible when holding more than 51% of stakes are emerging.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1727525 (2017.04.11. Registration)

The present invention has been proposed to overcome problems such as an increase in maintenance cost due to excessive power consumption of conventional consensus algorithms applied to a consensus process between users in a situation where a new block is added to an existing blockchain in a blockchain network environment, An object of the present invention is to provide a consensus method for a blockchain that avoids attacks by sparingly probing the probability of attack in order to safely protect the distributed ledger from malicious participants participating in the distributed ledger.

The consensus method for a blockchain according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a consensus method for avoiding and preventing an attack of a participant participating in a distributed ledger consensus process with a malicious intention in a blockchain network environment, a distributed ledger consensus Quantifying the performance of the computing device possessed by the user who wishes to participate in the process to a unique value through a dataset; Constructing a combination by using three static variables R, S, and P (Rock, Scissors, Paper), which are balanced with each other according to the numerically unique values; Submitting a certain percentage of the stake held by the user as a deposit to participate in the consensus process of the distributed ledger; Selecting an agent to manage the agreement of the enforcement among the users who participated in the distributed ledger through the composition of the RSP combination that the user combined; The number of winnings is measured by comparing the random RSP combinations constructed by the elected delegate using the Random function and the user's own RSP combinations, and rewards are paid to the users with the most winnings during the consensus process, and new blocks are mined. Step; includes.

In the step of quantifying the performance of the computing device to a unique value, a data set that provides a criterion for quantifying the performance of the computing device to a unique value includes a score according to the performance of a specification including the CPU and RAM of the computing device. It is desirable that the performance of the user's computing device is numerically quantified as a unique value based on the data set.

In addition, in the step of constructing a combination using R, S, and P according to the digitized eigenvalues, RSP combinations are configured by randomly sequential combinations of R, S, or P as many as opportunities corresponding to the digitized eigenvalues. Is done.

On the other hand, in the step of submitting a certain percentage of the stake held by the user as a deposit, the deposit is set to 3% to 8% of the stake held by the user, but the malicious intention of the user is discovered during a later consensus process When confiscated, it is desirable to be confiscated.

In addition, in the step of selecting a representative to oversee the agreement of the above implementation, the first digit of the RSP combination submitted by the users is identified, where R is 0, S is 1, and P is 2, resulting in all users After adding the first digit to the number in the RSP combination of them, the remaining number divided by the total number of users is calculated, and the user with the order corresponding to the remaining value is elected as a delegate.

Here, the elected delegate is excluded from the consensus process when the corresponding consensus process is implemented, and only random RSP combinations are constructed using the Random function to calculate the number of wins compared to the RSP combinations of other users, and the results are broadcasted as a broadcasting message. It serves to distribute to users.

In addition, the number of wins is measured by comparing the RSP combinations formed by the elected delegate with the RSP combinations of other users, and reward is given to the user with the highest number of wins. The RSP combination is formed and submitted, and the delegate repeats the process of constructing and comparing the RSP combination using the Random function until only the last one remains.

In the RSP consensus system for the blockchain according to the present invention, the processing time can be shortened through the process of digitizing it using the specifications of the user's computing device, which can also be expressed as the processing performance, and the processing time is shortened. It has the advantage of being able to efficiently manage power and maintenance costs.

In addition, by using three static variables R, S, P, and Incentive Logic, which are balanced with each other, it is possible to pursue both efficiency and security of processing time by probabilisticly sparing attacks from malicious attackers. It works.

1 is a structure diagram of a conventional centralized client-server model,
2 is a structural diagram of a conventional Peer-to-Peer Network Model,
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the situation when a new block is added in the conventional blockchain work proof agreement algorithm,
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of R, S, P according to the present invention,
5 is a flowchart showing an RSP consensus method for a blockchain according to the present invention,
6 is a schematic diagram showing a process of digitizing the specifications of a computing device possessed by a user according to the present invention,
7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation process when the N-th consensus process according to the present invention is implemented.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, in order to establish a smooth agreement among users who are untrusted third parties in a distributed network environment, there are three ways to balance the attacks of participants participating in the distributed ledger agreement process with malicious intent with Incentive Logic. By constructing a combination using each of the static variables R, S, and P, the attack is stochastically avoided and prevented.

Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the concept used in the present invention, R, S, P, RSP named in the present invention is an abbreviation of 'Rock-Scissors-Paper', bite each other as 'scissors-rock-bo' Physics are three static variables whose balance is maintained through relationships. In the present invention, a delegate is elected through this RSP, and the number of winnings is measured by comparing the combination of the elected delegate and the user's RSP, thereby rewarding the final winner.

Hereinafter, the process of the distributed ledger agreement in the blockchain network environment by applying the RSP concept will be described.

5 is a flowchart illustrating an RSP consensus method for a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, a series of processes from the first transaction (transaction record) to the aggregation of all transactions that occur in 10 minute increments into one block, and then mining into a new block will be described.

Step S100: First, it is assumed that a new block has to go through an agreement process to be included in an existing blockchain. Users who want to participate in the consensus process within the distributed ledger convert the specifications of their own terminal devices into unique values through a data set that records the specifications of their own terminal computing devices. The unique value means an opportunity to configure an RSP combination, and FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a process of quantifying a specification of a computing device held by a user according to the present invention. In the data set shown in FIG. 5, a score is differentially assigned according to the specifications (CPU, RAM, etc.) of the computing device, and the user on the left determines the specifications of the computing device he has according to the data set. Numerical values are derived to derive the eigenvalues 15, which means that 15 opportunities are given to construct a combination of RSPs. In the same way, the right user is given the opportunity to construct an RSP combination because the unique value 11 is derived by quantifying the specifications of the computing device he has.

Step S110: Afterwards, the users configure the RSP combination as much as the unique value that is differentially converted according to the specifications of their own computing device. This RSP combination can configure R, S, or P as many times as the given eigenvalue. For example, if the eigenvalue is 3, it can be combined three times, such as' RRS ', and if the eigenvalue is 4,' PSRR It can be combined 4 times like 'or' RPPP ', and when the unique value is 6, it can be combined 6 times like' SSRSPS '. These RSP combinations are arbitrarily combined at the user's option.

Step S120: Meanwhile, users who want to participate in the distributed ledger agreement process complete their own RSP combination and submit a portion of their shares as a deposit. This is also referred to as 'Incentive Logic', and deposits for the purpose of confiscating and punishing deposits submitted when malicious intentions are discovered among participants participating in the consensus process in the future. If the deposit is applied to all users in the same amount, the burden is applied to users with a large share of ownership and a relatively large burden to users with a small amount of stake. In order to prevent this, a certain percentage of the stake held by the employer was submitted as a deposit. In the embodiment of the present invention, 3% to 8% of the user's stake, preferably 5%, is submitted as a deposit.

Step S130: Thereafter, among the users who participated in the distributed ledger, a representative to manage the agreement of the corresponding execution is selected, and the process of selecting the representative is as follows.

First, check each RSP combination submitted by users, and check the first digit. R is 0, S is 1, and P is 2, and the first digit of all users' RSP combinations is converted to the above-mentioned values, summed up, and the remainder divided by the total number of users is obtained. The remaining users are elected as delegates.

7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation process when the N-th consensus process is implemented, and the process in which User 3 is elected as a delegate in FIG. 7 is as follows. If the total number of users (N) is 4 and the sum of the first digit of the RSP combination of all users (SUM) is '0 (R) + 2 (P) + 0 (R) + 1 (S) = 3', It becomes 'SUM% N = 3% 4 = 3', and User 3 corresponding to 3 is elected as a representative in the consensus process at the time of implementation.

Delegates elected through the above process are excluded from the consensus process when the corresponding consensus process is executed, and only random RSP combinations (Common RSP Combination in FIG. 7) are constructed using the Random function to compare the number of times the users have won the RSP combination. It is only responsible for calculating and distributing the results to users as a broadcasting message. This is due to a problem that can occur in the existing centralized structure, and it is excluded from the consensus process because it is not safe in terms of securing reliability, such as constructing an RSP combination in favor of the participant with a malicious intention. do.

Steps S140, S150, S160: The delegate measures the number of wins by comparing with the RSP combinations of other users through the RSP combinations constructed by himself using the Random function (S140). The Ether reward is given to the person with the most wins (S150), a new block is mined and the block is included in the existing blockchain (S160).

 If a person with the same number of wins is found, the process is the same as in FIG. 6, but if the user himself constructs and submits the RSP combination again except for the process of selecting a delegate, the delegate uses the Random function to construct the Common RSP combination again. Compare and repeat the process until only the last one remains.

As described above, in the present invention, in the distributed network environment, 'Incentive Logic' is applied to confiscate deposits submitted when a malicious intention is caught by submitting a participant's share of the participation in the distributed ledger agreement process as a partial deposit, By constructing a combination using each of the three static variables R, S, and P, which are balanced with each other, through this, an agent is elected, and a winner is selected and compensated, thereby attacking the participants participating in the distributed ledger consensus process with malicious intention. It can be avoided and prevented.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and variations within the technical scope of the present invention and equivalents of the claims to be described below by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains Of course this can be done.

Claims (7)

As a consensus method to avoid and prevent attacks of participants participating in the distributed ledger consensus process with malicious intention in the blockchain network environment,
(a) quantifying the performance of a computing device possessed by a user who wishes to participate in a distributed ledger agreement process to a unique value through a dataset;
(b) constructing a combination by using three static variables R, S, and P (Rock, Scissors, Paper), which are balanced with each other according to the numerically unique values;
(c) submitting as a deposit a certain percentage of the stake held by the employer to participate in the consensus process of the distributed ledger;
(d) through the composition of the RSP combination that the user has combined, selecting a representative who will manage the agreement of the enforcement among the users who have participated in the distributed ledger;
(e) The number of winnings is measured by comparing the random RSP combination constructed by the elected delegate using the random function and the user's own RSP combination, and the reward is given to the user with the highest number of wins during the consensus process. This mining step; RSP consensus method for a blockchain characterized in that it comprises a.
According to claim 1,
In step (a) of quantifying the performance of the computing device to a unique value,
A data set that provides a criterion for quantifying the performance of the computing device as a unique value is differentially assigned a score according to the performance of a specification including the CPU and RAM of the computing device, so that the user's computing is based on the data set. RSP consensus method for blockchain, characterized in that the performance of the device is quantified by a unique value.
According to claim 1,
In step (b) of constructing a combination using R, S, P according to the numerically unique values,
RSP consensus method for a blockchain, characterized in that an RSP combination is constructed by arbitrarily continuously combining R or S or P as many times as the opportunity corresponding to the numerically unique value.
According to claim 1,
In the step (c) of submitting a certain percentage of the stake held by the user as a deposit,
The deposit is set at 3% to 8% of the stake held by the user, but the RSP consensus method for a blockchain is characterized in that it is forfeited when the malicious intention of the user is discovered during a later consensus process.
According to claim 1,
The step (d) of selecting a representative to oversee the agreement of the above implementation is:
After checking the first digit of the RSP combinations submitted by users, R results in 0, S is 1, and P is 2, summing the first digit in the RSP combination of all users, then adding RSP consensus method for blockchain, characterized in that the number divided by the total number of users is calculated and the user with the order corresponding to the remaining values is elected as a proxy.
The method of claim 5,
The elected delegate is excluded from the consensus process when the corresponding consensus process is executed. Only the random function is used to construct a random RSP combination to calculate the number of wins compared to the RSP combinations of other users, and the result is used as a broadcasting message. RSP consensus method for blockchain, characterized by performing a role of distributing to others.
The method of claim 6,
Compared to the RSP combination of the elected representative and the RSP combination of other users, the number of wins is measured, and the user with the most wins is rewarded.
When a user with the same number of wins occurs, the user constructs and submits the RSP combination again, and the delegate repeats the process of constructing and comparing the RSP combination again using the Random function until only the last one remains. RSP consensus method for blockchain.

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