KR102098685B1 - apparatus for automatic ballasting ballast water tanks and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic ballast device and a method thereof, for each ballast tank, the weight of the trim is selected according to the ratio obtained by dividing the excess amount of the reference trim by the length between perperpendiculars, The weight of the meta center GM is selected by subtracting the minimum meta center GM input by the user from the current ship's meta center GM, and the weight of the bending moment is the current After selecting the weight according to the relative ratio between the bending moment and the bending moment input by the user, multiply each limiting factor (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) and the selected weight, and add the multiplication result to each ballast tank. It is possible to shorten the load time for the number of ballasts by calculating the evaluation index and selecting the ballast tank with the highest evaluation index to perform the ballast. During the process tree it can be automatically adjusted so that you never get a rapid stability (Stability) decreases.

Description

Apparatus for automatic ballasting ballast water tanks and method therefor}

The present invention relates to an automatic ballast device and a method thereof, in particular, for each ballast tank, a weight is assigned to each limiting element, the weight of each limiting element is calculated for a load, and the ballast tank of the highest score is selected and the ballast is selected. The present invention relates to an automatic ballast device and a method for reducing the ballast water loading time by automatically loading water.

Ballast water refers to the ballast water that is filled into a ship to maintain the balance of the ship when the cargo ship or tanker does not load the cargo, and adjusts the amount according to the amount of cargo.

The ballast water of the container ship should select the ballast water tank considering DWT, Trim, GM, and Global Strength.

The ballast water treatment device is a facility that sterilizes microorganisms in seawater filled in the ballast tank of the ship to maintain the balance of the ship's left and right. Ballast water is usually filled when there is no cargo on the ship and discharged when cargo is loaded. During this process, various marine organisms and pathogens are disturbing the marine ecosystem of countries with different ecological environments. Is strictly regulated.

1A is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional ballast system of a ship, and FIG. 1B is a schematic view showing an air / overflow discharge conduit of the system of FIG. 1A.

As shown, the conventional ballast system 110 of the container ship 100 is inside the double bottom ballast tank group 121 and the hull outer wall 102 horizontally disposed on the bottom 101 of the ship 100. A plurality of (for example, two) drains for supplying and discharging the ballast water for each tank of the ballast tank group 120 and the ballast tank group 120 including the vertically arranged side ballast tank group 122 The pump 130, the ballast tank group 120 and the drainage pumps 130 and the piping system 140 which is connected between the outboard seawater and has a plurality of open / close valves 146, and the ballast tank group 120 A plurality of air / overflow discharge conduits 150 installed between all tanks of the vessel and the upper deck 103 of the vessel to discharge the ballast water overflowing the air filled in each tank of the tank group 120 out of the tank It consists of a configuration comprising a.

In such a conventional ballast system 110, the piping system 140 is a group of two kinds of tanks constituting the ballast tank group 120, that is, a double bottom ballast tank horizontally located below the sea level 104. The group 121 and the side ballast tank group 122 positioned vertically over the top and bottom of the sea level 104 are configured to perform both supply and discharge of the ballast water to the quantum entirely by the drain pumps 130.

 In such a conventional ballast system, the piping system is configured such that the supply and discharge of ballast water to both types of tank groups constituting the ballast tank group are entirely performed by pumps directly directed / operated by the operator. It is done.

Between the entire ballast tank group, two main conduits are formed with branch pipes to each tank, and these two main conduits are connected in all combinations with two pumps via a number of connecting conduits. All are configured to be used to supply and receive ballast water for all tanks in the ballast tank group.

However, in the case of a drill ship or a drill ship such as a rig, the posture and draft of the ship fluctuate from time to time due to fluctuations in various loads (drilling load, drilling liquid, oil consumed, etc.) during the operation. For stability and efficiency, it is necessary to automatically maintain posture and draft during work, and a ballasting system for maintaining such posture is required.

In particular, there is a hassle that the operator must continuously or periodically monitor for the conditions that change frequently, and whenever the conditions in which the operator works are different, depending on the monitoring results, how much amount is provided in any ballast tank among the ballast tanks placed in the ship It is inconvenient to adjust the ballast pump and the valve connected to the ballast tank individually by deciding whether to supply / discharge the ballast water.

In addition, it is necessary to confirm in advance that the working conditions of the workers satisfy the regulations prescribed by the Society and the international regulations and the structural strength of the ship, and if the control is out of the specified conditions, it may cause a great problem to maintain the attitude of the ship.

In addition, the work of supply / discharge (Ballasting / Deballasting) through the wrong judgment of an unskilled worker may cause a sudden decrease in stability during the process and cause serious problems in stability.

In order to solve such a problem, a ballast system of a ship having a simple structure is disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1036625. However, the ballast system of the ship according to the related art has a problem in that it takes a lot of time by manually performing ballast while continuously or periodically monitoring by an operator.

[Document 1] Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1036625 (registered on May 17, 2011)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to assign a weight to each limiting element (DWT, Trim, GM, Bending Moment) for all ballast tanks a ship has It is to provide an automatic ballast device and a method for reducing the loading time of the ballast water by automatically loading the ballast water by selecting the ballast tank having the highest score by calculating the weight of each limiting factor for the cargo.

Another object of the present invention is a ballast tank that satisfies the user-entered meter center height (GM) and bending moment by automatically performing ballasting within the DWT range according to the weight and arrangement of the loaded cargo. It is to provide an automatic ballast device and a method capable of automatically performing ballast water loading by selecting.

The ballast device according to an embodiment of the present invention as described above is installed in a plurality of ballast tanks, a plurality of water level meters for measuring the water level of each ballast tank; A draft measurer measuring a draft of a ship; A plurality of ballast pumps for supplying and discharging ballast water for each tank of the plurality of ballast tanks; A piping system connected between the plurality of ballast tanks and the plurality of ballast pumps and outboard seawater and having a plurality of open / close valves; Supply / drainage terminal that transmits the weight (DWT) and batch status, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, and bending moment input by the user to the central control unit A device; And transmitting the information received from the water level and draft measuring device to the water supply and drainage terminal device, and for the plurality of ballast tanks according to the weight (DWT) and arrangement state of the loaded cargo input by the water supply and drainage terminal device. Trim, meta center (GM), bending moment (Bending Moment) is multiplied by the weight to calculate the evaluation index, and the ballast is controlled by controlling the ballast pump and the on-off valve corresponding to the ballast tank having the largest evaluation index. Characterized in that it comprises a central control device to perform.

The weight of the trim for the plurality of ballast tanks according to an embodiment of the present invention is the ratio obtained by dividing the excess amount by the length between perperpendiculars in the reference trim input by the user in Table 1 below. Select the weight accordingly, and the weight of the meta center GM subtracts the minimum meta center GM entered by the user from the current ship's meta center GM and selects the weight from Table 1 below according to the value, The weight of the bending moment is characterized by selecting the weight from Table 1 below according to the relative ratio between the current bending moment and the bending moment input by the user.

<Table 1>

In the automatic ballast method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the trim for each ballast tank is selected according to a ratio of the excess of the reference trim divided by the length between perperpendiculars, and meta center The weight of (GM) is selected by subtracting the minimum meta center (GM) input by the user from the current ship's meta center (GM), and the weight of the bending moment is the current bending moment. After selecting the weight according to the relative ratio of (Bending Moment) and the bending moment entered by the user, multiply each limiting factor (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) and the selected weight, and add the multiplication result to evaluate for each ballast tank. It is characterized in that the ballast is performed by calculating an index and selecting a ballast tank having the highest evaluation index.

The automatic ballast method according to another embodiment of the present invention (a) the user inputs the weight (DWT) and the arrangement state of the cargo to the central control device through the water supply and drain terminal device, trim (Trim), meta center (GM) ), Inputting a global strength and a bending moment;

(b) The central control unit contributes as shown in Table 1 below for each limiting factor (DWT, Trim, GM, Grobal strength) for each ballast tank according to the weight (DWT) and placement of the loaded cargo. Setting a score and selecting a weight for each limiting element based on Table 1 below for each ballast tank;

<Table 1>

(c) After the central control unit selects a weight for each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) for each ballast tank, multiplies and multiplies each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) with the selected weight. Summing the results to calculate an evaluation index for each ballast tank, and selecting the ballast tank having the highest evaluation index to perform ballast;

(d) after performing the ballasting on the selected optimal ballast tank, returning to step (c) again and re-evaluating the limiting factor weight for each ballast tank; (e) If the result of the determination in step (d) is that all the weights for each ballast tank are "0" or the residual cargo (DWT) is less than "0", the result is displayed on the water supply terminal device and applied. Characterized in that it comprises a step of ending the sting.

According to the present invention as described above, for each ballast tank of a ship, a weight is assigned to each limiting element (DWT, Trim, GM, and Bending Moment), and the weight of each limiting element is calculated for a given cargo to achieve the highest ballast. By selecting the tank, the ballast water loading time can be shortened by automatically loading the ballast water, and it can be automatically adjusted so as not to cause a sudden decrease in stability during the ballast process.

1A is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional ballast system of a ship.
1B is a schematic diagram showing the air / overflow exhaust conduit of the FIG. 1A system.
2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of an automatic ballast device according to the present invention.
3 is a flowchart showing a control method of an automatic ballast device according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of an automatic ballast apparatus according to the present invention.

The ballast according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of water level meters 10 installed in a plurality of ballast tanks 11 to measure the water level of each ballast tank; A draft measurer 20 for measuring the draft of the ship; A plurality of ballast pumps 30 for supplying and discharging ballast water for each tank of the plurality of ballast tanks 11; A piping system 40 connected between the plurality of ballast tanks 11 and the plurality of ballast pumps 30 and outboard seawater and having a plurality of open / close valves 41; Class that transmits the weight (DWT) and batch status, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, and bending moment input by the user to the central control unit 60 , Drainage terminal device 50; And the weight (DWT) of the load cargo input by the water supply and drainage terminal device 50, and transmits the information received from the water level and the water level gauges 10 and 20 to the water supply and drainage terminal device 50. The evaluation index is calculated by multiplying the weights for the trim, meta center (GM), global strength, and bending moment for the plurality of ballast tanks 11 according to the arrangement state. It is configured to include a ballast pump 30 corresponding to the ballast tank 11 having the largest index and a central control device 60 to perform ballast by controlling the on-off valve 41.

The water supply and drain terminal device 50 is communicatively connected to the central control device 60 and can exchange information with each other through a wired or wireless communication method.

The user can input the weight of the loaded cargo (DWT) and arrangement status information, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, bending moment through the input device of the water supply terminal device 50 Is input to the central control device 60. In addition, the water supply terminal device 50 receives and displays the water level and the water level of each ballast tank installed in the ship from the central control device 60 so that the user can refer to it.

The central control unit 60 receives the received information (DWT and placement status information of the loaded cargo, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, bending moment) For each ballast tank, the weights of the trim, meta center (GM), and bending moment are calculated according to the weight table stored therein, and each trim and meta center (GM) are calculated according to the calculated weights. , Multiply the value of the bending moment to evaluate the summation result and select the ballast tank 11 having the largest value to determine the ballast tank to be adjusted.

The central control unit 60 selects the ballast tank 11 having the largest value as a result of the evaluation, and controls the ballast pump 30 and the on-off valve 41 corresponding to the selected ballast tank 11 to control the ballast. Perform.

The ballast work is possible to supply and discharge ballast water to or from the ballast tank while maintaining the minimum change in the attitude of the ship by simultaneously performing water supply and drainage by pairing ballast tanks symmetrically from the center of the ship. It is desirable to be determined in order.

3 is a flowchart showing a control method of an automatic ballast apparatus according to the present invention.

In step S1, the user inputs the weight (DWT) and the arrangement state of the loaded cargo to the central control device 60 through the water supply and drain terminal device 50, and in step S2, the user supplies the water supply and drain terminal device 50 Through the trim (Trim), meta center (GM), global strength (Grobal strength), bending moment (Bending Moment) by inputting the central control unit 60 to generate the loading conditions.

In step S3, the central control unit 60 is shown in Table 1 below for each limiting element (DWT, Trim, GM, Grobal strength) for each ballast tank according to the weight (DWT) and placement of the loaded cargo. As shown in the figure, the contribution score is set and the weight of each limiting element is selected for each ballast tank based on Table 1 below.

<Table 1>

For example, for each ballast tank, the weight of the trim is selected by dividing the ratio of the excess of the reference trim by the length between perperpendiculars according to Table 1, and selecting the weight of the meta center (GM). The weight is selected by subtracting the minimum meta center (GM) input by the user from the current ship's meta center (GM), and selecting the weight from Table 1 according to the value, and the weight of the bending moment is the current bending moment ( Bending Moment) and the relative ratio of the bending moment entered by the user select the weight from Table 1.

For each ballast tank, after selecting a weight for each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment), multiply each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) and the selected weight, and add the multiplication result to each ballast tank. Calculate the metric for the metric and select the ballast tank with the best metric.

In step S4, the central control unit 60 determines whether all weights are "0" or the residual cargo (DWT) is less than "0" for each ballast tank. As a result of the determination in step S4, if all the weights for each ballast tank are not "0" or the residual cargo DWT is not less than "0", the process proceeds to step S5.

In step S5, the central control unit 60 sums the weights according to the excess amount of the reference trim, the weights for the meta center (GM) deficit, and the bending moment ratio for each ballast tank as a result of the determination. To evaluate.

In step S6, the central control unit 60 selects the ballast tank having the largest weight for each ballast tank as the optimal ballast tank, and in step S7, the ballast pump 30 for the selected ballast tank Drive and open and close the valve 41 of the piping system 40 to supply water to perform ballasting.

After performing the ballasting for the selected optimal ballast tank, the process returns to step S3 again, and the limiting factor weight is evaluated again for each remaining ballast tank except the ballast tank for which the ballasting was previously performed.

As a result of the determination in step S4, if all the weights for each ballast tank are "0" or the residual cargo (DWT) is less than "0", in step S8, the result is displayed and ballasting is ended.

Meanwhile, some of the steps of the present invention may be implemented as a computer-readable program on a computer-readable recording medium and stored in a computer-readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which data readable by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable recording media may include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, CD-RW, magnetic tape, floppy disk, HDD, optical disk, magneto-optical storage, etc., and also carrier waves (eg , Transmission through the Internet). The computer-readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer-readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.

As described above, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described, but the present invention is not limited to a specific preferred embodiment, and is generally in the technical field to which the present invention belongs without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Anyone who has the knowledge of is capable of various modifications, and such changes can be included within the technical scope of the claims.

10: water level meter 11: ballast tank
20: draft meter 30: ballast pump
40: piping system 41: on-off valve
50: water supply and drainage terminal device 60: central control device

Claims (5)

A plurality of water level meters installed in a plurality of ballast tanks to measure the water level of each ballast tank;
A draft measurer measuring a draft of a ship;
A plurality of ballast pumps for supplying and discharging ballast water for each tank of the plurality of ballast tanks;
A piping system connected between the plurality of ballast tanks and the plurality of ballast pumps and outboard seawater and having a plurality of open / close valves;
Supply / drainage terminal that transmits the weight (DWT) and batch status, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, and bending moment input by the user to the central control unit A device; And
Transmits the information received from the water level and drainage meter to the water supply and drainage terminal device, and trims the plurality of ballast tanks according to the weight (DWT) and arrangement state of the loaded cargo input by the water supply and drainage terminal device. (Trim), meta center (GM), multiplying the weights for bending moments to calculate the evaluation index and performing ballast by controlling the ballast pump and the on-off valve corresponding to the ballast tank having the largest evaluation index It includes a central control device,
For the plurality of ballast tanks, the weight of the trim is selected by dividing the ratio of the excess amount divided by the length between perperpendiculars from the reference trim input by the user according to Table 1 below, and meta The weight of the center GM is subtracted from the minimum meta center GM entered by the user in the current ship's meta center GM, and the weight is selected from Table 1 below according to the value, and the bending moment The weight is a ballast device characterized in that a weight is selected from Table 1 below according to a relative ratio between a current bending moment and a bending moment input by a user.
<Table 1>

delete delete (a) The user inputs the weight (DWT) and arrangement status of the loaded cargo to the central control unit through the water supply and drain terminal device, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, bending moment ( Bending Moment);
(b) The central control unit contributes as shown in Table 1 below for each limiting factor (DWT, Trim, GM, Grobal strength) for each ballast tank according to the weight (DWT) and placement of the loaded cargo. Setting a score and selecting a weight for each limiting element based on Table 1 below for each ballast tank;
<Table 1>

(c) After the central control unit selects a weight for each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) for each ballast tank, multiplies and multiplies each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) with the selected weight. Summing the results to calculate an evaluation index for each ballast tank, and selecting the ballast tank having the highest evaluation index to perform ballast;
(d) after performing the ballasting on the selected optimal ballast tank, returning to step (c) again and re-evaluating the limiting factor weight for each ballast tank;
(e) If the result of the determination in step (d) is that all the weights for each ballast tank are "0" or the residual cargo (DWT) is less than "0", the result is displayed on the water supply terminal device and applied. Automatic ballast method comprising the step of ending the sting. (a) The user inputs the weight (DWT) and arrangement status of the loaded cargo to the central control unit through the water supply and drain terminal device, trim, meta center (GM), global strength, bending moment ( Bending Moment);
(b) The central control unit contributes as shown in Table 1 below for each limiting factor (DWT, Trim, GM, Grobal strength) for each ballast tank according to the weight (DWT) and placement of the loaded cargo. Setting a score and selecting a weight for each limiting element based on Table 1 below for each ballast tank;
<Table 1>

(c) After the central control unit selects a weight for each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) for each ballast tank, multiplies and multiplies each limiting element (Trim, GM, Bending Moment) with the selected weight. Summing the results to calculate an evaluation index for each ballast tank, and selecting the ballast tank having the highest evaluation index to perform ballast;
(d) after performing the ballasting on the selected optimal ballast tank, returning to step (c) again and re-evaluating the limiting factor weight for each ballast tank;
(e) If the result of the determination in step (d) is that all the weights for each ballast tank are "0" or the residual cargo (DWT) is less than "0", the result is displayed on the water supply terminal device and applied. A computer-readable recording medium storing a program that performs the step of ending the sting.

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