KR102057608B1 - Smart window system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smart window system, and more particularly, can be electrically shaded with a color change film having a variable transmittance, and can be self-driven without installing a driving power of the color change film by installing a solar cell. In addition to this, it also contributes to indoor lighting and heating energy sources in connection with ESS (Energy Storage System), an energy storage device connected to the photovoltaic power plant installed on the roof, but does not use silver (Ag) as an electrochromic electrode. Low E (low emissivity), which reflects infrared rays without reflection, is an active discoloration film that can be used for energy saving by adjusting solar transmittance as needed. It is possible to form a awning, so the production cost is lower than that of the glass type, and the workability is excellent. Since there is no layer of silver, there is no need to go through the Roy thin film removal process of the glass edge part, and there is no risk of electric leakage in smart windows such as PDLC and SPD because it uses low power DC power of several W or less. The present invention relates to a smart window system including a discoloration film for smart windows, which has excellent oxidation resistance, has a low risk of breakage because it can be stored in a roll or a thin sheet form, and has a variable transmittance for ensuring ease of carrying and loading.

Description

Smart window system

The present invention relates to a smart window system, and more particularly, can be electrically shaded with a color change film having a variable transmittance, and can be self-driven without installing a driving power of the color change film by installing a solar cell. In addition to this, it also contributes to indoor lighting and heating energy sources in connection with the ESS (Energy Storage System), an energy storage device connected to the photovoltaic power plant installed on the roof. Low E (low emissivity), which reflects infrared rays without reflection, is an active discoloration film that can be used for energy saving by adjusting solar transmittance as needed. It is possible to form a awning, so the production cost is lower than that of the glass type, and the workability is excellent. Since there is no layer of silver, there is no need to go through the Roy thin film removal process of the glass edge part, and there is no risk of electric leakage in smart windows such as PDLC and SPD because it uses low power DC power of several W or less. The present invention relates to a smart window system including a discoloration film for smart windows, which has excellent oxidation resistance, has a low risk of breakage because it can be stored in a roll or a thin sheet form, and has a variable transmittance for ensuring ease of carrying and loading.

With the new climate system agreement in 2015, greenhouse gas reduction is urgently needed, and Korea plans to reduce greenhouse gas by 37% by 2030, and to expand renewable energy and improve energy efficiency in buildings. Energy buildings are on the rise.

However, in the case of domestic buildings, the trend is increasing by 8.7% every year, and the energy consumption of buildings reaches 24% of the total energy consumption in Korea. This is urgent.

In particular, 77% of the energy consumed in buildings is due to indoor heating and cooling energy, and heat loss through windows is reported to be 20-45%.

In this regard, according to the US DOE, research on the light control smart window can save more than 40% of building energy and reduce the capacity of the heating and cooling system and the cost of building management by 25%.

Accordingly, starting from Sweden, countries around the world have been devoted to developing the above-mentioned problem solving technology in a variety of ways, and among them, the electric shading technology using electrochromic as an energy saving technology through windows and windows.

As such technology, dynamic glass such as Chromogenic, Thermotropic, and Liquid Crystal have been developed, and a glass smart window as disclosed in the prior art described below, in which EC (Electrochromic), which is one of Chromogenic technologies, is disclosed. It is.

However, the glass type smart window is an application of electrochromic technology between sheets of glass, and the manufacturing process such as cutting, chamfering, cleaning, reinforcing, and bonding are very complicated, so it is not only expensive but difficult to standardize. The defect rate is high because it is lowered, and must have a separate Roy thin film removal process to prevent oxidation of the silver layer.

In addition, there is a high risk of oxidation and short circuit due to high water penetration during silicone finish, and it is difficult to standardize due to wire connection, causing resistance deviation problem. There is a limit to safety.

Moreover, the size of the window is heavy, and the size of the window to be constructed must be made differently. Due to this structural property, the maintenance and transportation construction is very difficult and inconvenient, and the construction cost is very expensive. have.

As an improved example, the Supended Particle (SPD) method or the Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) method can be exemplified, but in this case, the driving voltage is very high and there is no bistable, so the energy consumption is very high. Because of this demand, it faces a realistic problem that it is difficult to achieve the intended energy savings.

In addition, in the case of a smart window (Roy glass, etc.) using EC, most of the silver (Ag) is adopted as an electrode for electrochromic use, as shown in the following prior art, because the thin film shows excellent permeability and Roy characteristics. to be.

However, since silver (Ag) causes corrosion, long life cannot be achieved, and there is a limit that efficiency decreases in proportion to the service life.

In addition, the glass-type electric shade disclosed in the prior art has a limitation in that the manufacturing process is complicated and the continuous processing is difficult because each step is sequentially processed one by one. Above all, silver (Ag) ) Is used as an electrode for electrochromic, there is a disadvantage that the above problem can not be avoided.

On the other hand, as a part of energy saving, the window system is also started to increase the insulation by double glazing and triple glazing, and install solar panels on the roof to collect electricity generated in the ESS (Energy Storage System), as well as indoor lighting and heating and cooling. Numerous examples have been attempted to utilize the equipment in operation.

Nevertheless, the functions such as sunshade and heat insulation through windows and blocking energy loss are still inadequate, and glass type discoloration technology is ineffective because it requires too much cost.

Republic of Korea Registered Room No. 20-0256877 (Nov. 28, 2001), 'High Performance Multi-Layered Glass with Thermal Interference Spacer' Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1506590 (2015.03.23.), 'Laminated glass with solar cells and planar heating element' Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1656466 (2016.09.05.), 'Ion gel smart window manufacturing method' Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1656490 (2016.09.05.), 'Adhesive smart window film and its manufacturing method' Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0024830 (2017.03.08.), 'Smart window coating with insulation function'

The present invention was created in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art as described above, and is provided with a discoloration film having a variable transmittance, which can be discolored, and installs a solar cell to separate the driving power of the discoloration film separately. In addition to being self-driving, it can also contribute to indoor lighting and heating energy sources in connection with ESS (Energy Storage System), an energy storage device connected to the photovoltaic power plant installed on the roof. It has excellent permeability and low E (low emissivity) characteristics without using Ag), and it is possible to form an electric shade naturally by simply cutting and pasting regardless of the glass size. It provides a smart window system that includes a discoloration film that does not need to go through a separate Roy thin film removal process. There is a purpose.

The present invention is a means for achieving the above object, the solar panel 10 installed on the roof, the ESS (Energy Storage System) 20 installed on the outdoor wall, the air conditioner (30) which is an air-conditioning unit installed in the room, and the indoor Smart window system applied to a home automation system including a lighting 40 and an integrated controller 50 installed in the room and connected to the ESS 20 to individually control the air conditioner 30 and the lighting 40, respectively. To;
The smart window system includes a window frame 62 having a rectangular frame shape; A transom 68 for dividing the window frame 62 horizontally; A glass 64 having one of single, double, and three layers installed inside the window frame 62; Electrochromic discoloration film 70 attached only to the upper side of the glass 64 on either the indoor side or the outdoor side based on the transom 68, and the discoloration controlled by the integrated controller 50. and; A plurality of solar cells 72 installed on the same surface as the lower electrochromic film 70 on the transom 68 and connected to the ESS 20; And a tempered glass (80) for protecting the electrochromic discoloration film (70) and the solar cell (72), respectively;
The electrochromic discoloration film 70 is a base film 100 including PET, PP or COP; A silicon dioxide layer 110 sputtered on an upper surface of the base film 100; A first transparent electrode layer 120 sputtered with polycrystalline poly-ITO on the upper surface of the silicon dioxide layer 110; A reduction discoloration material layer 130 sputtered with WO ₃ on the first transparent electrode layer 120; An electrolyte layer 140 sputtered with a solid electrolyte on the reduction discoloration material layer 130; An oxide discoloration material layer 150 sputtered with NiO on the electrolyte layer 140; A second transparent electrode layer 160 sputtered on the oxide discoloration material layer 150 to have at least one O (Oxide) -M (Metal) -O (Oxide) structure; A barrier layer 170 sputtered on an upper surface of the second transparent electrode layer 160; And a protective film 180 laminated on the barrier layer 170;
The silicon dioxide layer 110 is formed to have a relatively lower refractive index than the base film 100, the first transparent electrode layer 120 is formed to have a relatively higher refractive index than the silicon dioxide layer 110, The first transparent electrode layer 120 has a higher refractive index than the base film 100;
The barrier layer 170 is sputtered with nitride to form an oxide barrier layer, and then fine particle peening treatment to increase the fatigue strength by colliding 40-100 μm particles on the surface of the barrier layer 170. Provide a system.

delete

In addition, the transom 68 is also characterized in that it is installed at a point that divides the vertical length of the window frame 62 equal to 1/3.

According to the present invention, it is possible to discolor the shade by having a discoloration film having a variable transmittance, and can be self-driving without having to provide a driving power of the discoloration film by installing a solar cell, as well as a photovoltaic facility installed on the roof Contributing to the energy source for indoor lighting and heating in connection with ESS (Energy Storage System), which is a connected energy storage device, Roy E (low E: low reflecting infrared rays without using silver (Ag) as an electrochromic electrode) Emissivity) is good, and it is an active discoloration film that can be used for energy saving by adjusting solar energy transmittance as needed.It can be formed electrically by simply cutting and attaching it to various glass sizes. This low cost, excellent workability and no silver layer eliminate the Roy thin film on the glass edge Not only does it need to go through, but it uses a low-power DC power supply of several W or less, so there is no risk of short-circuit in smart windows such as PDLC and SPD, it has excellent oxidation resistance, and it is stored and maintained in roll or thin sheet form. Therefore, there is little risk of breakage and the effect which ensures the ease of carrying and loading can be acquired.

1 is an exemplary view of a smart window system according to the present invention.
2 is an exemplary control diagram showing an example of home automation interworking utilizing the smart window system according to the present invention.
3 is an exemplary cross-sectional view of windows and windows constituting the smart window system according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is an exemplary cross-sectional view showing a layer structure of the color change film constituting the smart window system according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is an exemplary test picture showing the thickness change that can be formed by sputtering compared to the roughness of the oxide when implementing the OMO electrochromic electrode structure applied to the color change film according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sample photograph comparing the surface cracks with ITO before and after bending in the OMO implementation of FIG. 5.
7 is an exemplary diagram schematically illustrating a sputtering chamber for discoloration film manufacturing constituting the smart window system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment according to the present invention.

Prior to the description of the present invention, the following specific structures or functional descriptions are merely illustrated for the purpose of describing embodiments according to the inventive concept, and the embodiments according to the inventive concept may be implemented in various forms, It should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein.

In addition, embodiments in accordance with the concepts of the present invention may be modified in various ways and may have various forms, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments in accordance with the concept of the present invention to a particular disclosed form, it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the smart window system according to the present invention is preferably applied to a building equipped with a home automation system (home network system) equipped with an integrated control UI (User Interface) controller.

Therefore, of course, it may be implemented in connection with ICT (Information & Communication Technology) based building energy management system (BEMS).

That is, the smart window system according to the present invention includes a solar panel 10 installed on a roof, an ESS (Energy Storage System) 20 installed on an outdoor wall, an air conditioner 30 that is an air-conditioning device installed indoors, and an indoor lighting lamp 40 And a window 60 part in a home automation system including an integrated controller 50 installed indoors and connected to the ESS 20 and individually controlling the air conditioner 30 and the lamp 40, respectively. It is implemented.

In other words, while implementing a basic energy-saving home or building, it is implemented to prevent energy waste through the window 60 is configured to include the energy generation management function to participate in the power production in addition to the simple shading function.

However, since the technology implemented to control the indoor electric devices such as the air conditioner 30 and the lamp 40 using the ESS 20 is already known, only one example thereof is illustrated in FIG. Is omitted, and a part of the window 60 for implementing the smart window system will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the window 60 includes a window frame 62 having a rectangular frame shape, and the glass 64 is embedded in the window frame 62.

In this case, the glass 64 may be a single layer, a double layer, or a three layer, and when implemented as a double layer and a three layer, a spacer 66 for sealing while maintaining a gap between the glass 64 is interposed.

In this case, the liver rod 66 preferably has a frame shape,

Argon (Ar) is injected into the inner space sealed by the glass 64 and the liver rod 66. This is to suppress the condensation may occur when the water content is high or the air content is high in the inner space, and also cause a decrease in heat insulation performance due to heat conduction.

In addition, the electrochromic discoloration film 70 having a variable transmittance is attached to any one of the indoor side or the outdoor side of the glass 64, preferably the outdoor side.

At this time, the color change film 70 is attached to the upper side based on the transom (68) installed on the lower side of the window frame 62, is connected to the integrated controller 50, the color change control, the transom ( A cell 72 is installed below the cell 68, and the wiring drawn out of the cell 72 is connected to the ESS 20.

In this case, the transom 68 is preferably installed at a point that divides the upper and lower lengths of the window frame 62 by one third, which is focused on the solar cell 72 without sacrificing the view and the light. This is to maximize the efficiency.

The discoloration film 70 and the cell 72 are protected by the tempered glass 80.

On the other hand, the color change film 70 is made of a dry (Dry Sputtering Type) through a high-frequency sputtering (RF Sputtering) method, not a deposition method or a coating method commonly used in the past.

In particular, the present invention implements a transparent electrode having an OMO (Oxide / Metal / Oxide) structure when forming an electrochromic electrode, which is chemically stable and excellent in conductivity, suitable as an electrochromic electrode, and surface plasma (Surface Plasmon) By inducing the effect and securing excellent surface uniformity of amorphous oxide, it is possible to process thin film of very thin thickness and it is possible to drive low power even with driving voltage within 3V. do.

In addition, the electrochromic method is easy to connect with the IC (MCU, etc.), which is a key part of the control device, and the wiring is simple, and the device structure and manufacturing process are simple. As a result, it also has the advantage that interior windows are not comparable.

In addition, the electrochromic (hereinafter referred to as “electrochromic”), which is already commercialized, refers to a phenomenon in which a color is reversibly changed due to an electrochemical oxidation or a reduction reaction depending on the direction of an electric field or an electric current when a voltage is applied.

For example, WO ₃ , MoO ₃ , TiO _3, etc., are colored in a reduced state, which is called a cathodic coloration material, and V ₂ O ₅ , IrO ₂ , Nb ₂ O ₅ , NiO, etc. are oxidized. Color appears, which is called an oxidative coloration material.

More specifically, the discoloration film constituting the smart window system according to the present invention as shown in Figure 4 is a transparent plastic film such as PET, PP, COP as the base film (100).

The transparent plastic film is used as the base film 100 in the present invention because it has transparency while maintaining transparency, it is attached to the glass surface of the window that requires energy saving.

In addition, a silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) layer 110 is formed on the top surface of the base film 100.

The silicon dioxide layer 110 is sputtered in the chamber and formed into a thin film, and oxygen, oligomer, carbon, etc. emitted from the base film 100 when the temperature of the base film 100 rises by receiving heat through an electrochromic electrode. It is formed to block the movement of the electrochromic electrode to improve the durability and, in particular, to improve the transmittance by improving the index matching characteristics.

In particular, by uniformly dispersing silicon dioxide in a nano-size can significantly enhance the permeation barrier properties of the permeation materials including oxygen, it can significantly block the interfacial bonding stability by significantly strengthening the interfacial bonding stability.

In addition, the refractive index of the base film 100 is about 1.6, the refractive index of the silicon dioxide layer 110 is about 1.4, the first transparent electrode layer sputtered in the form of an electrochromic electrode, that is, a poly ITO (Poly ITO) thin film to be described later ( Since the refractive index of 120) corresponds to about 1.95, the transmittance can be increased by reducing the quenching property to have a high refractive index-low refractive index-high refractive index shape. Therefore, transparency is improved.

In addition, a first transparent electrode layer 120 is formed on the top surface of the silicon dioxide layer 110.

The first transparent electrode layer 120 is a means for implementing the electric shade by inducing a color change function by applying power to the color change film according to the present invention.

Unlike the conventional method, the first transparent electrode layer 120 according to the present invention is formed by sputtering poly ITO.

That is, in the related art, since it is a method of pasting things made of ITO film, there is a disadvantage in that a separate heat treatment process must be performed for solvent stabilization due to adhesion. However, in the present invention, since the poly ITO made of polycrystal is attached by sputtering directly, batch processing is possible, and a separate heat treatment process is not required, so that the process can be simplified, and the defect rate is zero.

In addition, the reducing discoloration material layer 130, the electrolyte layer 140, and the oxide discoloration material layer 150 are sequentially sputtered on the upper surface of the first transparent electrode layer 120 to form a thin film.

At this time, the reducing discoloration material layer 130 and the oxidation discoloration material layer 150 is already known as it is confirmed in the prior art, so the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

However, in the present invention, it will be mentioned that only WO ₃ is used as the reducing discoloration material layer 130 and NiO is used as the oxidation discoloration material layer 150.

In addition, the electrolyte layer 140 is different from the existing technology in that a conductive electrolyte such as LiPON (Lithium phosphorous oxy-nitride), which is a solid electrolyte, is formed in a vacuum without using a conventional TaO thin film solid electrolyte.

For example, a commonly used TaO solid electrolyte is used in the form of a Ta ₂ O ₅ thin film, which enables electrochromism by changing the optical properties of the material according to the injection and release of H + ions by an applied electric field. There is a disadvantage that must undergo a separate hydrotreating process to induce.

However, LiPON used in the present invention can induce electrochromism through the injection and release of Li + ions even when directly used as a thin film solid electrolyte without having a separate hydrotreating process.

In addition, a second transparent electrode layer 160 is sputtered on the upper surface of the oxidizing material layer 150.

The second transparent electrode layer 160 may be formed to correspond to the first transparent electrode layer 120. Thus, when a voltage is applied to both of them, an electric field is formed between them, and the effect of this electric field causes electrochromism by injecting and releasing Li + ions.

Here, in the present invention, the second transparent electrode layer 160 forms an OMO structure, thereby maximizing chemical stability and improving conductivity, and above all, improving the Roy characteristics according to the surface plasmon effect, and superior surface uniformity of amorphous oxide. Since it does not use silver (Ag), there is no fear of corrosion, and in particular, it contains a metal layer, thereby completing an electrochromic electrode having low resistance characteristics and increasing conductivity.

That is, the second transparent electrode layer 160 according to the present invention has at least one oxide layer (O) -metal layer (M) -oxide layer (O).

For example, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the first oxide layer 160a-the first metal layer 160b-the second oxide layer 160c-the second metal layer 160d-the third oxide layer 160e )

In particular, such an OMO electrode structure has the advantage of reducing the thickness of the layer as much as possible by reducing the surface roughness of the oxide layer as shown in FIG. 5, and also in the bending test as shown in FIG. However, since the OMO electrode structure contains amorphous oxide, there is no crack after bending and there is no change before and after bending, so there is no fear of loss due to an increase in local resistance due to cracking, thereby enabling stable driving.

The barrier layer 170 is formed on an upper surface of the second transparent electrode layer 160.

The barrier layer 170 may use silicon dioxide, but more preferably, is formed by sputtering with a nitride containing Ti and Al as a main component.

By forming a film, this nitride hardens the surface to prevent local elastic deformation, and Al forms an oxide film to form an oxide barrier layer, thereby preventing cracks and film peeling due to internal stress, thereby enhancing stability. It is effective to let.

In addition, in order to increase the fatigue strength of the barrier layer 170, after the barrier layer 170 is formed, a fine particle pinning treatment may be further performed.

In this case, the fine particle pinning process is to obtain a surface modification effect by resolving the surface hardness and internal residual stress by minimizing the particles of 40-100㎛ size on the surface of the barrier layer 170 and the surface texture according to the miniaturization of the surface structure, the collision speed is 100m / s or more is preferable.

Thereafter, a protective film 180 is provided to protect the surface of the barrier layer 170. The protective film 180 may be provided by simply attaching a thin film.

The smart window system according to the present invention having such a configuration is continuously processed through the sputtering apparatus as shown in FIG. 7.

For example, according to FIG. 7, the sputtering apparatus includes a sputtering chamber 200.

The sputtering chamber 200 is maintained in a vacuum state, and does not need to be maintained to a very precise high vacuum state.

In addition, a sputtering drum 210 is rotatably installed at the center of the sputtering chamber 200, and on both sides of the sputtering chamber 200, unwinding rolls 220 and winding rolls 230, respectively. ) Is installed.

At this time, the base film 100 is wound around the unwinding roll 220, and the base film 100 is unwound from the unwinding roll 220 and passes through the sputtering drum 210 via the first tension roll 222. The coil is wound on the winding roll 230 again through the second tension roll 232, and the sputtering drum 210 is rotated in the advancing direction of the base film 100.

During the movement of the base film 100, the sputtering for forming the above-described layers is performed in the region moved to the ground with the sputtering drum 210.

To this end, a plurality of layer chambers, that is, the first to eleventh layer chambers LC1-LC11 are disposed below the sputtering drum 210 to correspond to the radius of curvature of the sputtering drum 210 to perform high frequency sputtering. It is provided in a state partitioned with each other.

In addition, a sputtering unit for sputtering the material for forming each layer onto the surface of the base film 100 which is gradually moving in a state of being grounded to the sputtering drum 210 in the first-11 layer chambers LC1-LC11. 240 is provided, the RF power supply 250 is connected to the sputtering unit 240.

In this case, the reason for using the RF power supply 250 is to reduce the pinhole and to increase the filling rate of the film.

In addition, when a DC bias power source is connected to the sputtering drum 210, the dissociated ions that are sputtered can be focused toward the sputtering drum 210, thereby further increasing the sputtering efficiency.

That is, in the first layer chamber LC1, silicon dioxide is sputtered to form the silicon dioxide layer 110 on the surface of the base film 100.

Subsequently, when the portion where the silicon dioxide layer 110 is formed by the rotation of the sputtering drum 210 is positioned in the second layer chamber LC2, the second layer chamber LC2 sputters Poly ITO in the silicon dioxide layer 110. The first transparent electrode layer 120 is formed thereon.

It proceeds in this manner and the reduction discoloration material layer 130 in the third layer chamber LC3, the electrolyte layer 140 in the fourth layer chamber LC4, and the oxidation discoloration material layer in the fifth layer chamber LC5. In the sixth, seventh, eightth, nineth, and tenth layer chambers (LC6, LC7, LC8, LC9, LC10), oxide, metal, oxide, metal, and oxide are sequentially sputtered to form one second transparent electrode layer 160. ) And the barrier layer 170 is formed in the eleventh layer chamber LC11.

As described above, in the present invention, since only the base film passes through one sputtering chamber 200, a discoloration film having a number of layers required for discoloration is manufactured, thereby improving process efficiency and productivity, and at the same time, a defect rate. Is zero and is expected to be a useful technique to ensure the stability of the layer.

When power is applied to the discoloration film, an electric field is formed between the two electrodes, thereby causing discoloration to control the transmittance of sunlight, thereby realizing not only a thermal insulation function but also a shading function, thereby realizing suitable characteristics for a smart window.

100: base film
110: silicon dioxide layer
120: first transparent electrode layer
130: reduced discoloration material layer
140: electrolyte layer
150: oxide discoloration material layer
160: second transparent electrode layer
170: barrier layer
180: protective film

Claims (3)

Solar panels 10 mounted on the roof, ESS (Energy Storage System) 20 mounted on an outdoor wall, an air conditioner 30 that is an air conditioning and heating device installed indoors, an indoor lighting 40, and an indoor ESS ( A smart window system applied to a home automation system including an integrated controller (50) connected to the air conditioner (30) and individually controlling the air conditioner (30) and the lamp (40);
The smart window system includes a window frame 62 having a rectangular frame shape; A transom 68 for dividing the window frame 62 horizontally; A glass 64 having one of single, double, and three layers installed inside the window frame 62; Electrochromic discoloration film 70 attached only to the upper side of the glass 64 on either the indoor side or the outdoor side based on the transom 68, and the discoloration controlled by the integrated controller 50. and; A plurality of solar cells 72 installed on the same surface as the lower electrochromic film 70 on the transom 68 and connected to the ESS 20; And a tempered glass (80) for protecting the electrochromic discoloration film (70) and the solar cell (72), respectively;
The electrochromic discoloration film 70 is a base film 100 including PET, PP or COP; A silicon dioxide layer 110 sputtered on an upper surface of the base film 100; A first transparent electrode layer 120 sputtered with polycrystalline poly-ITO on the upper surface of the silicon dioxide layer 110; A reduction discoloration material layer 130 sputtered with WO ₃ on the first transparent electrode layer 120; An electrolyte layer 140 sputtered with a solid electrolyte on the reduction discoloration material layer 130; An oxide discoloration material layer 150 sputtered with NiO on the electrolyte layer 140; A second transparent electrode layer 160 sputtered on the oxide discoloration material layer 150 to have at least one O (Oxide) -M (Metal) -O (Oxide) structure; A barrier layer 170 sputtered on an upper surface of the second transparent electrode layer 160; And a protective film 180 laminated on the barrier layer 170;
The silicon dioxide layer 110 is formed to have a relatively lower refractive index than the base film 100, the first transparent electrode layer 120 is formed to have a relatively higher refractive index than the silicon dioxide layer 110, The first transparent electrode layer 120 has a higher refractive index than the base film 100;
The barrier layer 170 is sputtered with nitride to form an oxide barrier layer, and then fine particle peening treatment to increase the fatigue strength by colliding 40-100 μm particles on the surface of the barrier layer 170. system.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The transom (68) is a smart window system, characterized in that installed at a point that is divided into 1/3 equal to the vertical length of the window frame (62).

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