KR102056343B1 - A method for manufacturing a valve spindle - Google Patents

A method for manufacturing a valve spindle Download PDF

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Publication number
KR102056343B1
KR102056343B1 KR1020190087530A KR20190087530A KR102056343B1 KR 102056343 B1 KR102056343 B1 KR 102056343B1 KR 1020190087530 A KR1020190087530 A KR 1020190087530A KR 20190087530 A KR20190087530 A KR 20190087530A KR 102056343 B1 KR102056343 B1 KR 102056343B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
forging step
valve spindle
cold forging
sheet
axial direction
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KR1020190087530A
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Korean (ko)
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정용대
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(주) 케이에스브이
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/001Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings
    • B23P15/002Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings poppet valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/20Making machine elements valve parts
    • B21K1/22Making machine elements valve parts poppet valves, e.g. for internal-combustion engines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length

Abstract

The present invention relates to a valve spindle manufacturing method. The valve spindle manufacturing method includes: a hot forging step of upsetting and forging a rod-shaped member cut in a predetermined length to increase the cross-section area of an end part of the member, thereby forming the end part of the member into the shape of a head part including a wing part, a sheet part and a flange part; a primary cold forging step of primarily forming the head part of the preparatory valve spindle formed through the hot forging step, while increasing the length of the wing part in an axial direction, tapering the outer edge of the sheet part to have a cross-section area becoming larger as the part gets closer to the end, and increasing the diameter of the flange part; and a secondary cold forging step of secondarily forming the head part of the preparatory valve spindle formed through the primary cold forging step, while increasing the thickness of the sheet part in an axial direction, reducing the thickness of the flange part in an axial direction and increasing the diameter. According to the present invention, since the method includes two cold forging steps, a valve spindle having good strength and abrasion resistance, and also, the incidence of crack can be low and durability can be excellent because the outer surface is even without a separate combination part.

Description

밸브 스핀들 제조방법 {A method for manufacturing a valve spindle}{A method for manufacturing a valve spindle}

본 발명은 엔진의 흡기 및 배기 밸브의 스핀들을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 열간단조 및 냉간단조를 거쳐 제조되는 밸브 스핀들 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a spindle of an intake and exhaust valve of an engine, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a valve spindle manufactured by hot forging and cold forging.

일반적으로 내연기관, 특히 선박에 사용되는 4행정기관, 2행정기관인 디젤엔진의 배기 밸브 스핀들은 고온에서 높은 강도와 내식성 및 내마모성이 요구되고 있다.In general, exhaust valve spindles of diesel engines, which are internal combustion engines, especially four-stroke engines and two-stroke engines used in ships, require high strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance at high temperatures.

이러한 밸브 스핀들은 엔진의 연소실에 외부 공기가 유입되도록 엔진의 흡기포트를 개폐하거나 연소실로부터 연소가스가 외부로 배출되도록 엔진의 배기포트를 개폐하는 것이다.The valve spindle opens and closes the intake port of the engine so that external air flows into the combustion chamber of the engine, or opens and closes the exhaust port of the engine so that combustion gas is discharged from the combustion chamber to the outside.

엔진의 흡기 및 배기밸브 스핀들은 엔진의 흡기포트 또는 배기포트를 개폐하는 헤드부와, 헤드부에 연결되어 헤드부의 직선왕복이동을 가이드하는 스템부를 포함한다.The engine intake and exhaust valve spindles include a head portion for opening and closing the intake or exhaust port of the engine, and a stem portion connected to the head portion to guide linear reciprocating movement of the head portion.

엔진의 흡기 및 배기밸브 스핀들은 1분당 최대 약 4,000회까지 흡기포트 또는 배기포트를 개폐하기 때문에, 아주 가혹한 부하에 노출되어 있으며 닫힐 때에 헤드부에는 큰 충격이 가해지므로, 흡기포트 또는 배기포트의 시트링에 접촉하는 부분의 헤드부의 시트에는 강성과 내마모성이 요구된다.Since the intake and exhaust valve spindles of the engine open and close the intake or exhaust ports up to about 4,000 times per minute, they are exposed to very severe loads and a large impact is applied to the head when closed. Stiffness and wear resistance are required for the sheet of the head portion of the portion in contact with the ring.

이러한 밸브 스핀들을 제조하기 위해, 종래기술인 대한민국, 공개특허공보, 공개번호 제 10-2016-0053112호에는, 엔진의 흡기 및 배기밸브 스핀들 제조방법은 예비 밸브스핀들에 포함되는 헤드부에 결합홈를 형성하는 결합홈 형성단계, 시트부를 제작하는 시트부 제작단계, 및 상기 시트부를 상기 헤드부의 결합홈에 결합하는 시트부 결합단계를 포함한다고 기재되어 있다.In order to manufacture such a valve spindle, the prior art Republic of Korea, Patent Publication, Publication No. 10-2016-0053112, the intake and exhaust valve spindle manufacturing method of the engine is to form a coupling groove in the head portion included in the preliminary valve spindle It is described that it comprises a coupling groove forming step, a sheet portion manufacturing step for producing a sheet portion, and a sheet portion coupling step for coupling the sheet portion to the coupling groove of the head portion.

그러나 이와 같은 종래기술은 시트부와 헤드부를 각각 제작한 뒤, 상기 시트부와 헤드부를 결합함으로써 밸브 스핀들을 제조하게 되는 것으로, 이렇게 접합(용접)되어 제조된 밸브 스핀들은 엔진 가동 중 시트부와 헤드부의 접합부에 잔류응력이 발생하여, 파손의 위험이 있다는 문제점이 있었다. However, such a conventional technique is to manufacture the seat portion and the head portion, respectively, and to manufacture the valve spindle by combining the seat portion and the head portion, the valve spindle manufactured by joining (welding) in this way the seat portion and the head during engine operation There was a problem in that residual stress occurred in the negative joint and there was a risk of breakage.

대한민국, 공개특허공보, 공개번호 10-2016-0053112Republic of Korea, published patent application, publication number 10-2016-0053112

본 발명은 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 안출된 것으로, 본 발명은 열간단조단계, 1, 2차 냉간단조단계를 포함하여 내구성이 좋은 밸브스핀들을 제조하여, 장시간 엔진이 가동되어도 제품에 결함이 발생하지 않으므로 제품의 신뢰도가 높은 밸브 스핀들을 제조하는 방법을 제공하고자 한다.The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, the present invention is manufactured by producing a valve valve with excellent durability, including the hot forging step, the first, second cold forging step, so that the product does not cause a defect even if the engine is operated for a long time An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a valve spindle with high reliability.

본 발명은 밸브 스핀들 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 상기 밸브 스핀들 제조방법은 일정 길이로 절단된 봉 형상의 부재를 업세팅하고 형단조하여, 상기 부재의 일단부의 단면적이 증가되도록 함으로써, 상기 부재의 일단부가 날개부, 시트부, 플랜지부를 포함하는 헤드부의 형상이 되도록 성형되는 열간단조단계, 상기 열간단조단계를 거쳐 성형된 예비 밸브 스핀들의 상기 헤드부를 1차 성형하되, 상기 날개부는 축방향으로 길이가 증가되고, 상기 시트부의 외주연은 끝단부로 갈수록 단면적이 커지도록 테이퍼지게 형성되고, 상기 플랜지부의 직경이 증가되도록 성형되는 1차 냉간단조단계 및 상기 1차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 성형된 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들의 헤드부를 2차 성형하되, 상기 시트부는 축방향으로의 두께가 증가되고, 상기 플랜지부는 축방향으로의 두께가 감소되며, 직경은 증가되도록 성형되는 2차 냉간단조단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a valve spindle, the method for manufacturing a valve spindle by upsetting and forging a rod-shaped member cut to a predetermined length, so that the cross-sectional area of one end of the member is increased, A hot forging step is formed to have a shape of a head part including a wing part, a seat part, and a flange part, and the head part of the preliminary valve spindle formed through the hot forging step is primarily formed, and the wing part has a length in the axial direction. The preliminary valve which is formed through the first cold forging step and the first cold forging step are formed to be tapered to have a larger cross-sectional area toward the end portion and to increase the diameter of the flange part. Secondly forming the head of the spindle, the thickness of the seat portion is increased in the axial direction, the flange portion in the axial direction And the decrease in the thickness, the diameter is characterized in that it comprises a second cold forging step of the molding to be increased.

또한, 상기 부재는 초내열합금 재질이며, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계에서 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들은 280 ~ 320℃의 온도조건에서 성형되고, 2차 냉간단조단계에서 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들은 15~25℃의 온도조건에서 성형되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the member is a super heat-resistant alloy material, the preliminary valve forging in the first cold forging step is formed under a temperature condition of 280 ~ 320 ℃, the preliminary valve spindle in the second cold forging step of 15 ~ 25 ℃ It is characterized in that the molded in the temperature conditions.

또한, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계를 거친 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들의 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 2:3이고, 상기 2차 냉간단조단계를 거친 밸브 스핀들의 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 4:1인 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion of the preliminary valve spindle after the first cold forging step is 2: 3, the height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion of the valve spindle through the second cold forging step is 4 It is characterized by: 1.

또한, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계에서 상기 시트부는, 상기 2차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 완성된 밸브 스핀들에 형성된 시트부의 40%이상의 면적을 가지도록 성형되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, in the first cold forging step, the seat portion is characterized in that it is molded to have an area of 40% or more of the seat portion formed on the valve spindle completed through the second cold forging step.

따라서 본 발명은 열간단조 및 2차에 걸친 냉간단조단계를 포함하므로, 강도와 내마모성이 좋은 밸브 스핀들을 제조할 뿐만 아니라, 별도의 결합부가 없어 외측면 표면이 균일하므로 크랙발생률이 낮고, 내구성이 좋은 현저한 효과가 있다.Therefore, the present invention includes a hot forging and a second cold forging step, and thus not only produces a valve spindle with good strength and wear resistance, but also has a separate outer surface, so that the outer surface is uniform, so that the cracking rate is low and the durability is good. There is a significant effect.

또한, 밸브 스핀들의 헤드부가, 2차례에 걸쳐 성형되므로, 내구성이 향상되고, 이에 따라 제품의 신뢰도가 향상되는 현저한 효과가 있다. In addition, since the head portion of the valve spindle is molded two times, the durability is improved, whereby there is a remarkable effect of improving the reliability of the product.

또한, 1차 냉간단조금형에 형성된 시트부와 2차 냉간단조금형에 형성된 시트부가 동일한 경사각도를 가지도록 마련되어, 1차 냉간단조단계에서 성형된 상기 시트부는 2차 냉간단조단계에서 외주연 전체가 균일하게 가압되어 냉간 단조되어지기 때문에 경도가 향상되는 효율이 좋은 현저한 효과가 있다.In addition, the sheet portion formed in the primary cold forging die and the sheet portion formed in the secondary cold forging die are provided to have the same inclination angle, the sheet portion formed in the primary cold forging step is the entire outer peripheral edge in the secondary cold forging step Since it is pressurized uniformly and cold forged, there is a remarkable effect of good efficiency of improving hardness.

도1은 본 발명에 따른 밸브 스핀들 제조방법의 흐름도이다.
도2는 본 발명에 따른 밸브 스핀들의 정면도이다.
도3은 본 발명에 따른 밸브 스핀들의 공정도이다.
도4는 본 발명에 따른 단계별 금형의 단면도이다.
도5는 본 발명에 따라 변형되는 밸브 스핀들의 변형률을 도시한 도면이다.
1 is a flow chart of a valve spindle manufacturing method according to the present invention.
2 is a front view of a valve spindle according to the present invention.
3 is a process diagram of the valve spindle according to the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a step-by-step mold according to the present invention.
Figure 5 shows the strain of the valve spindle deformed in accordance with the present invention.

이하, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 첨부된 도면을 사용하여 더욱 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the technical spirit of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

첨부된 도면은 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 더욱 구체적으로 설명하기 위하여 도시한 일예에 불과하므로 본 발명의 기술적 사상이 첨부된 도면의 형태에 한정되는 것은 아니다.The accompanying drawings are only examples to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention in more detail, and thus the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to the forms of the accompanying drawings.

도1은 본 발명에 따른 밸브 스핀들 제조방법의 흐름도이다.1 is a flow chart of a valve spindle manufacturing method according to the present invention.

도1에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 밸브 스핀들 제조방법은, 열간단조단계(S100), 1차 냉간단조단계(S200), 2차 냉간단조단계(S300)를 포함한다.As shown in Figure 1, the valve spindle manufacturing method of the present invention includes a hot forging step (S100), the first cold forging step (S200), the second cold forging step (S300).

본 발명의 밸브 스핀들 제조방법을 설명하기에 앞서, 도2를 참조하여, 본 발명에서 사용되는 밸브 스핀들(10)에 대해 먼저 설명한다.Prior to describing the valve spindle manufacturing method of the present invention, the valve spindle 10 used in the present invention will first be described with reference to FIG.

상기 밸브 스핀들(10)은 엔진의 흡기포트 또는 배기포트를 개폐하는 헤드부(H)와, 상기 헤드부에 연결되어 헤드부의 직선왕복이동을 가이드하는 로드형상의 스템부(S)를 포함한다.The valve spindle 10 includes a head portion H for opening and closing an intake port or an exhaust port of an engine, and a rod-shaped stem portion S connected to the head portion to guide linear reciprocating movement of the head portion.

더욱 상세하게, 도2에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 헤드부(H)는, 상기 스템부의 일끝단부에 결합되며 끝단으로 갈수록 외측방향으로 큰 직경을 가지도록 마련되는 날개부(12), 날개부의 끝단부에 결합되며, 상기 날개부와 마찬가지로 끝단으로 갈수록 외측방향으로 단면적이 크도록 테이퍼지게 형성되되, 외주연이 흡기포트 또는 배기포트의 시트링에 직접 접촉되는 시트부(14), 상기 시트부의 끝단부에 결합되며, 시트부의 끝단과 동일한 직경을 가지도록 마련되는 플랜지부(16)를 포함한다.More specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the head portion (H) is coupled to one end of the stem portion, wing portion 12, which is provided to have a large diameter in the outward direction toward the end, wing portion It is coupled to the end portion, like the wing portion is formed to be tapered so that the cross-sectional area in the outward direction toward the end, the seat portion 14, the outer periphery is in direct contact with the seating of the intake port or exhaust port, the seat portion It is coupled to the end portion, and comprises a flange portion 16 provided to have the same diameter as the end of the seat portion.

그리고 본 발명에서의 밸브 스핀들(10)은 니켈(Ni)기 초내열합금인 니모닉(NIMONIC)을 이용하여 제작되며, 이러한 니모닉 합금은 고온에서도 변형되지 않고 부식 저항성 및 고온 피로 특성이 우수한 장점이 있다. In addition, the valve spindle 10 of the present invention is manufactured using Nimonic (NiMONIC), which is a nickel-based superheat-resistant alloy, and this nimonic alloy has an advantage of excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature fatigue characteristics without being deformed even at high temperatures. .

이하에서는 도3을 참조하여, 본 발명에 따른 밸브 스핀들 제조방법을 설명한다.Hereinafter, a valve spindle manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

본 발명은 일정길이로 절단된 봉형상의 부재가 다수 개의 단조 공정을 거쳐 최종 형상으로 성형되도록 한다.The present invention allows a rod-shaped member cut to a certain length to be molded into a final shape through a plurality of forging processes.

먼저, 상기 열간단조단계(S100)란, 봉형상의 부재를 1차 가공하여 상기 밸브 스핀들(10)에 헤드부의 전반적인 형상이 형성되도록 성형하는 단계이다.First, the hot forging step (S100) is a step of forming the overall shape of the head portion on the valve spindle 10 by primarily processing the rod-shaped member.

상기 열간단조단계에서, 봉형상의 부재는 열처리되어 업세팅(upsetting), 형단조(die forging)과정을 거치게되며, 이에 따라 상기 봉형상의 부재의 일끝단부의 단면적은 증가되며, 날개부(12), 시트부(14), 플랜지부(16)를 포함하는 상기 헤드부(H)의 전반적인 형상이된다. In the hot forging step, the rod-shaped member is heat-treated to undergo an upsetting and die forging process, so that the cross-sectional area of one end of the rod-shaped member is increased, the wing portion 12, The overall shape of the head portion H including the seat portion 14 and the flange portion 16 is obtained.

여기서 업세팅이란, 단조에 있어서, 봉형상의 부재를 압축하여, 축선상의 길이를 감소시키고, 단면적(횡단면)을 증대되게 하는 작업을 일컫으며, 형단조란, 가열한 봉 형상의 부재를 형틀(다이)에 압입하고 형틀 밖에서 단조기계로 힘을 가하여 상기 부재를 형틀 모양으로 성형하는 작업을 일컫는다.Here, the upsetting refers to an operation of compressing a rod-shaped member in forging to reduce an axial length and to increase a cross-sectional area (cross section), and forging means to form a heated rod-shaped member in a die (die). It refers to the operation of forming the member into a mold shape by pressing in a) and applying a force to a forging machine outside the mold.

도3의 (A)는 봉형상의 부재이고, (B)는 상기 열간단조단계(S100)를 거친 상태의 예비 밸브 스핀들이다.Figure 3 (A) is a rod-shaped member, (B) is a preliminary valve spindle in the state through the hot forging step (S100).

상기 열간단조단계(S100)에서, 상기 봉 형상의 부재는, 도4의 (E)에 도시된 열간단조금형(20)에 인입된 상태에서 프레스성형되어 도3의 (B)와 같은 형상으로 성형된다.In the hot forging step (S100), the rod-shaped member is press-molded in a state of being drawn into the hot forging die 20 shown in FIG. 4E to form a shape as shown in FIG. 3B. do.

도3의 (B)에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 열간단조단계(S100)를 거친 예비 밸브스핀들은, 상기 스템부(S)의 일끝단에 형성된 상기 날개부(12)가 끝단(상부)으로 갈수록 외측방향으로 단면적이 점점 넓어지는 곡률을 가지도록 형성되며, 상기 날개부(12)의 끝단에 형성된 시트부(14)는 외주연이 볼록하게 곡면을 가지도록 원통형으로 마련된다.As shown in FIG. 3B, the preliminary valve spins that have undergone the hot forging step S100 have the wings 12 formed at one end of the stem S toward the end (upper). It is formed to have a curvature with the cross-sectional area gradually wider in the outward direction, the sheet portion 14 formed at the end of the wing portion 12 is provided in a cylindrical shape so that the outer periphery has a convex curved surface.

더욱 상세하게, 도3의 (B)를 참고하면, 시트부(14)의 하측가장자리는 볼록하게 곡면을 가지도록 마련되며, 이 때, 상기 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 2:3 정도이다.More specifically, referring to Figure 3 (B), the lower edge of the seat portion 14 is provided to have a convex curved surface, wherein the height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion is about 2: 3. .

또한, 날개부(12)의 상면측 직경은, 상기 시트부(14)의 하면측 직경보다 작게 형성된다.In addition, the upper surface side diameter of the wing | blade part 12 is formed smaller than the diameter of the lower surface side of the said sheet | seat part 14. As shown in FIG.

이어서, 상기 열간단조단계(S100)를 거친 예비 밸브 스핀들은 1차 냉간단조단계(S200) 및2차 냉간단조단계(S300)를 순차적으로 거쳐 헤드부(H)가 성형되며, 이에 따라 최종적인 밸브 스핀들(10)이 완성된다.Subsequently, the preliminary valve spindle, which has undergone the hot forging step S100, is sequentially formed through the first cold forging step S200 and the second cold forging step S300, and thus the head H is formed. Spindle 10 is completed.

도3의 (C)에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계(S200)에서 상기 헤드부(H)를 포함한 예비 밸브 스핀들은 280 ~ 320℃의 온도조건에서 성형된다.As shown in FIG. 3C, in the first cold forging step S200, the preliminary valve spindle including the head portion H is formed at a temperature of 280 to 320 ° C.

1차 냉간 단조단계에서의 금형 내부의 온도조건이 280℃미만인 경우, 가공성능이 저하되므로 성형이 충분히되지 않고, 320℃를 초과하게 되면, 강도가 저하되며, 필요없는 에너지손실이 발생하여 효율성이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.If the temperature condition inside the mold in the first cold forging step is less than 280 ° C, the processing performance decreases, so that molding is not sufficient, and if the temperature exceeds 320 ° C, the strength decreases and unnecessary energy loss occurs, resulting in increased efficiency. There is a downside to falling.

이 때, 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들은 도4의 (F)에 도시된 1차 냉간단조금형(30)에 인입된 상태에서 가압되어 도3의 (C)와 같은 형성으로 성형된다.At this time, the preliminary valve spindle is pressurized while being drawn in the primary cold forging die 30 shown in Fig. 4F to be formed into a shape as shown in Fig. 3C.

이 과정에서, 상기 시트부(140)는 그 형상이 테이퍼지게 성형되는 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 상기 시트부(140)의 외주연은 끝단부(상부)로 갈수록 점점 직경이 증가하도록 경사지게 마련되는 것이다.In this process, the sheet portion 140 is tapered in shape, and more specifically, the outer periphery of the sheet portion 140 is provided to be inclined to gradually increase in diameter toward the end portion (upper portion). .

아울러, 상기 시트부(140)의 일단면은 상기 열간단조(S100)를 거친 상태일 때보다, 그 단면적이 증가하게 되며, 이 때, 상기 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 2:3 정도이다.In addition, one end surface of the seat portion 140 is increased in cross-sectional area than when the state is subjected to the hot forging (S100), at this time, the height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion is about 2: 3. .

또한, 이 때 상기 1차 냉간단조단계(S200)를 거친 상기 날개부(120)는, 열간단조(S100)를 거친 날개부보다 축방향으로 긴 길이를 가지도록 마련된다.In addition, at this time, the wing portion 120 that passed through the first cold forging step (S200) is provided to have a longer length in the axial direction than the wing portion that passed through the hot forging (S100).

마찬가지로, 이 때, 상기 플랜지부(160)의 직경 d2는, (b)에서의 상기 플랜지부(16)의 직경 d1에 비해 큰 직경을 가진다.Similarly, at this time, the diameter d2 of the flange portion 160 has a larger diameter than the diameter d1 of the flange portion 16 in (b).

이어서, 도3의 (D)에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계(S200)를 거친 예비 밸브 스핀들은 2차 냉간단조단계(S300)를 거쳐 완제품이 완성되는 것으로, 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들은 상기 2차 냉간단조단계(S300)를 거침에 따라 외형이 완성되며 내구성이 향상된다.Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3D, the preliminary valve spindle undergoing the first cold forging step S200 is a finished product after the second cold forging step S300, and the preliminary valve spindle is As the second cold forging step (S300) is passed, the appearance is completed and durability is improved.

이 때, 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들은 도4의 (G)에 도시된 2차 냉간단조금형(40)에 인입된 상태에서 가압되어 도3의 (D)와 같은 형성으로 성형된다At this time, the preliminary valve spindle is pressurized while being drawn in the secondary cold forging die 40 shown in Fig. 4G to be formed into the formation as shown in Fig. 3D.

상기 2차 냉간단조단계(S300)에서 상기 밸브 스핀들은 15~25℃ 상온의 온도조건에서 성형되어진다.In the second cold forging step (S300), the valve spindle is molded at a temperature of 15 ~ 25 ℃ room temperature.

상기 2차 냉간단조단계에서, 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들은, 상기 시트부(140)의 두께가 증가되고, 플랜지부(160)의 두께는 감소되며, 이 과정을 거쳐 상기 시트부는 경도가 향상된다.In the second cold forging step, the preliminary valve spindle, the thickness of the seat portion 140 is increased, the thickness of the flange portion 160 is reduced, and through this process the seat portion is improved in hardness.

이 때, 상기 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 4:1 정도이다.At this time, the height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion is about 4: 1.

즉, 도3의 (D)에서의 두께 t2는,도2의 (C)에서의 두께t1 보다 더 두꺼우며, 더 큰 경도를 가진다. That is, the thickness t2 in FIG. 3D is thicker than the thickness t1 in FIG. 2C and has a greater hardness.

또한, 이 때, 상기 시트부(140) 및 플랜지부(160)의 직경은, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계(S200)를 거친 시트부 및 플랜지부의 직경보다 크다.In addition, at this time, the diameter of the seat portion 140 and the flange portion 160 is larger than the diameter of the seat portion and the flange portion subjected to the first cold forging step (S200).

즉, 도3의 (D)에서의 상기 플랜지부의 직경 d3는, (C)에서의 상기 플랜지부의 직경 d2보다 크다.That is, the diameter d3 of the said flange part in FIG. 3D is larger than the diameter d2 of the said flange part in (C).

또한, 도5에서 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에서의 플랜지부의 직경은 열간단조단계(S100), 1차 냉간단조단계(S200), 2차 냉간단조단계(S300)을 거치면서 점차적으로 커지게 되며, 더욱 상세하게는 상기 플랜지부의 직경은, 상기 열간단조단계(S100)에서 최종 제품의 90% 비율로 성형된 상태이며, 이후 상기 냉간1차단조(S200)에서 91~92% 성형되고, 상기 2차 냉간단조(S300)에서 직경이 추가로 8~9% 증가하여 상기 밸브 스핀들이 완성된다. In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the diameter of the flange portion in the present invention gradually increases while going through the hot forging step (S100), the first cold forging step (S200), the second cold forging step (S300). In more detail, the diameter of the flange portion is formed in a state of 90% of the final product in the hot forging step (S100), and then 91 to 92% in the cold primary forging (S200), In the secondary cold forging (S300) the diameter is further increased by 8 to 9% to complete the valve spindle.

여기서 최종 제품이란 상기 2차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 완성된 밸브 스핀들(10)을 일컫는다.Here, the final product refers to the valve spindle 10 completed through the second cold forging step.

덧붙여, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계에서 상기 시트부는, 최종 제품에 형성된 시트부의 40% 이상의 면적을 가지도록 성형되며, 2차 냉간단조단계에서 그 면적이 더 넓어지도록 성형되어 완성된다.In addition, in the primary cold forging step, the sheet portion is molded to have an area of 40% or more of the sheet portion formed in the final product, and is molded and completed to have a larger area in the secondary cold forging step.

아울러, 도5에 도시된 바와 같이, 상기 1차 냉간단조단계 및 2차 냉간단조단계에서 사용되는 금형의 시트부는 동일한 각도α로 외향진 기울기를 가지며, 본 발명에서의 각도α는 30°이다.In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the sheet portion of the mold used in the first cold forging step and the second cold forging step has an outward inclination at the same angle α, the angle α in the present invention is 30 °.

다시 말해, 상기 1차 냉간단조금형(30)에 형성된 시트부와 2차 냉간단조금형(40)에 형성된 시트부는 동일한 경사면을 가지도록 마련되므로, 1차 냉간단조단계에서 성형된 상기 시트부는 2차 냉간단조단계에서 외주연 전체가 균일하게 가압되어 냉간 단조되어지기 때문에 경도가 향상되는 효율이 좋다는 장점이 있다.In other words, the sheet portion formed in the primary cold forging die 30 and the sheet portion formed in the secondary cold forging die 40 are provided to have the same inclined surface, the sheet portion formed in the primary cold forging step secondary In the cold forging step, since the entire outer circumferential edge is uniformly pressurized and cold forged, there is an advantage that the hardness is improved.

본 발명에서는 별도의 절삭 또는 결합공정없이, 열간단조와 냉간단조만을 거쳐 밸브 스핀들을 제조함으로써, 상기 밸브 스핀들의 강도와 같은 내구성을 향상시키는 현저한 효과가 있다.In the present invention, by manufacturing the valve spindle only through hot forging and cold forging without a separate cutting or joining process, there is a remarkable effect of improving the durability, such as the strength of the valve spindle.

이상과 같이 본 발명을 도면에 도시한 실시례를 참고하여 설명하였으나, 이는 발명을 설명하기 위한 것일 뿐이며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 발명의 상세한 설명으로부터 다양한 변형 또는 균등한 실시례가 가능하다는 것을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is only for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains various modifications or equivalents from the detailed description of the invention. It will be appreciated that one embodiment is possible.

따라서 본 발명의 진정한 권리범위는 특허청구범위의 기술적 사상에 의해 결정되어야 한다.Therefore, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the claims.

S100:열간단조단계
S200:1차냉간 단조단계
S300:2차냉간 단조단계
10:밸브 스핀들
S:스템부
H:헤드부
12:날개부
14:시트부
16:플랜지부
20:열간단조 금형
30:1차 냉간단조 금형
40:2차 냉간단조 금형
S100: hot forging step
S200: 1st cold forging step
S300: 2nd cold forging
10: valve spindle
S: stem part
H: Head part
12: With wings
14: Seat part
16: Flange part
20: hot forging mold
30: 1 cold forging die
40: 2nd cold forging mold

Claims (4)

초내열합금 재질로 제조되는 밸브 스핀들 제조방법에 있어서,
일정 길이로 절단된 봉 형상의 부재를 업세팅하고 형단조하여, 상기 부재의 일단부의 단면적이 증가되도록 함으로써, 상기 부재의 일단부가 날개부, 시트부, 플랜지부를 포함하는 헤드부의 형상으로 형성되되, 상기 시트부의 가장자리는 라운드지게 성형되는 열간단조단계;
280~320℃의 온도조건에서 상기 열간단조단계를 거쳐 성형된 예비 밸브 스핀들의 상기 헤드부를 1차 성형하되, 상기 날개부는 축방향으로 길이가 증가되고, 상기 시트부의 외주연은 끝단부로 갈수록 단면적이 커지도록 테이퍼지게 형성되고, 상기 플랜지부의 직경이 증가되도록 성형되는 1차 냉간단조단계;
상기 1차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 성형된 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들의 헤드부를 15~25℃의 온도조건에서 2차 성형하되, 상기 시트부는 축방향으로의 두께가 증가되고, 상기 플랜지부는 축방향으로의 두께가 감소되며, 직경은 증가되도록 성형되는 2차 냉간단조단계;를 포함하되,
상기 1차 냉간단조단계를 거친 상기 예비 밸브 스핀들의 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 2:3이고, 상기 2차 냉간단조단계를 거친 밸브 스핀들의 시트부와 플랜지부의 높이 비율은 4:1이며,
상기 1차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 형성된 시트부와, 2차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 형성된 시트부는 동일한 경사각도를 가지도록 마련되되, 상기 시트부는 상기 1차 냉간단조단계에서, 상기 2차 냉간단조단계를 거쳐 완성된 밸브 스핀들에 형성된 시트부 대비 40% 이상의 면적을 가지도록 성형되는 것을 특징으로 하는 밸브 스핀들 제조방법.
In the valve spindle manufacturing method made of a super heat-resistant alloy material,
Upsetting and die-forging a rod-shaped member cut to a predetermined length so that the cross-sectional area of one end of the member is increased, so that one end of the member is formed in the shape of a head portion including a wing portion, a sheet portion, and a flange portion. The hot forging step of forming a rounded edge of the sheet portion;
The head portion of the preliminary valve spindle formed through the hot forging step is first formed at a temperature of 280 to 320 ° C., and the wing portion is increased in axial direction, and the outer periphery of the seat portion is cross-sectional area toward the end portion. A first cold forging step which is formed to be tapered to be large and is formed to increase the diameter of the flange portion;
Secondary molding of the head portion of the preliminary valve spindle formed through the first cold forging step at a temperature condition of 15 ~ 25 ℃, the seat portion is increased in the axial direction, the flange portion is the thickness in the axial direction It is reduced, the diameter is secondary cold forging step is formed to increase;
The height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion of the preliminary valve spindle after the first cold forging step is 2: 3, the height ratio of the seat portion and the flange portion of the valve spindle through the second cold forging step is 4: 1. Is,
The sheet part formed through the first cold forging step and the sheet part formed through the second cold forging step are provided to have the same inclination angle, and the sheet part includes the second cold forging step in the first cold forging step. Method for producing a valve spindle, characterized in that molded to have an area of 40% or more than the seat portion formed in the completed valve spindle.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001123256A (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-08 Fuji Oozx Inc Hardening method of valve face portion in engine valve
KR101177687B1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2012-08-27 니탄 밸브 가부시키가이샤 Manufacturing method of internal combustion engine valve
JP2012179634A (en) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-20 Honda Motor Co Ltd Method and device for manufacturing pulley shaft with parking gear

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001123256A (en) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-08 Fuji Oozx Inc Hardening method of valve face portion in engine valve
JP2012179634A (en) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-20 Honda Motor Co Ltd Method and device for manufacturing pulley shaft with parking gear
KR101177687B1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2012-08-27 니탄 밸브 가부시키가이샤 Manufacturing method of internal combustion engine valve

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