KR102045952B1 - Method for operating wireless sensor network - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of operating a wireless sensor network is disclosed. In a method of operating a wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network includes a sensor circuit including a timer circuit, a sensor, and a wireless communication unit, and the sensor and the wireless communication unit according to a preset period through a resistance value connected to the timer circuit. Turning on the power; Transmitting data collected by the sensor to a gateway through the wireless communication unit at power on; And turning off the power of the sensor and the wireless communication unit when the transmission of the sensor data is confirmed.

Description

How to operate a wireless sensor network {METHOD FOR OPERATING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK}

The description below relates to the technology of operating a star wireless sensor network for monitoring or diagnostics.

A wireless sensor network is largely composed of a sensor node and a sink node that collects and exports it to the outside.

Unlike conventional networks, wireless sensor networks are based on automated remote information collection, rather than means of communication, and are widely used for various applications such as scientific, medical, military, and commercial purposes.

For example, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2007-0031845 (published March 20, 2007) discloses a radio frequency identification (RFID) based sensor network technology.

In such a wireless sensor network, the necessity of developing power saving technology is important to minimize power consumption, which is a limitation of a sensor node.

The present invention provides a method for assigning an identification number (ID) to a wireless sensor node for effective operation of a wireless sensor network.

It provides a method for determining the location of a wireless sensor node for effective operation of the wireless sensor network.

The present invention provides a method for effectively operating the power of a wireless sensor node for low power operation of a wireless sensor network.

In the method of operating a wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network comprises a sensor circuit including a timer circuit and a sensor and a wireless communication unit, the sensor and the wireless communication unit according to a predetermined period through a resistance value connected to the timer circuit. Turning on the power; Transmitting data collected by the sensor to a gateway through the wireless communication unit at power on; And turning off the power of the sensor and the wireless communication unit when the transmission of the sensor data is confirmed.

In a method of operating a wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network includes a battery diagnostic sensor including an analog signal unit, a measurement calculation unit (MCU) for measuring and calculating a battery, and a wireless communication unit including sensor nodes, and through broadcasting Starting the wireless communication unit, the measurement calculation unit and the analog signal unit according to a measurement command received from a gateway; And transmitting measurement data by the analog signal unit and the measurement operation unit to the gateway through the wireless communication unit, wherein the analog signal unit has a stabilization time after at least a predetermined time after receiving a start command from the measurement operation unit. It provides a method for operating a wireless sensor network, characterized in that for transmitting a signal measuring the cell voltage, the cell temperature, the total voltage, and the total current to the measurement operation unit.

In a method of operating a wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network includes a battery diagnostic sensor including an analog signal unit, a measurement calculation unit (MCU) for measuring and calculating a battery, and a wireless communication unit including sensor nodes, and through broadcasting Starting the wireless communication unit, the measurement calculation unit and the analog signal unit according to a measurement command received from a gateway; Storing measurement data by the analog signal unit and the measurement operation unit in the wireless communication unit; Receiving a transmission command of measurement data through broadcasting at least a predetermined time difference from the measurement command from the gateway; And transmitting the measurement data stored in the wireless communication unit to the gateway through the wireless communication unit when the transmission command is received, wherein the analog signal unit has a stabilization time for at least a predetermined time after receiving the start command from the measurement operation unit. Thereafter, a method of operating a wireless sensor network, the method comprising transmitting a signal measuring a cell internal resistance to the measurement calculator.

According to one aspect, a step of assigning an ID to the sensor node using a hardware switch; And managing the sensor node on the wireless sensor network through the assigned ID, wherein the hardware switch may be configured as a switch capable of distinguishing IDs by numbers.

According to another aspect, a step of assigning the serial number input in the process of uploading the firmware to the sensor node as the ID of the sensor node; And managing the sensor node on the wireless sensor network through the assigned ID.

According to another aspect, an identifier input from a user through a graphical user interface (GUI) program connected to the gateway in the process of inputting a setting value through an initial wireless connection between the sensor node and the gateway is used as an ID of the sensor node. Giving; And managing the sensor node on the wireless sensor network through the assigned ID.

According to another aspect, the method may further include: assigning an ID according to a position where the sensor node is arranged in the space using a predetermined ID mapping rule with respect to a plan view of the space for placing the sensor node; And positioning the data collected from the sensor node on the plan view through the assigned ID.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the wireless sensor network may be effectively operated by assigning an identification number (ID) to the wireless sensor node.

According to embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to effectively operate the wireless sensor network by determining the location of the wireless sensor node.

According to embodiments of the present invention, the wireless sensor network may be effectively operated through low power operation of the wireless sensor node.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of an operating system of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows an example of a hardware switch implementation circuit in an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a method for assigning an identification number of a wireless sensor node according to coordinates according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process of operating a wireless sensor node using a low power hardware timer circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
5 and 6 are flowcharts illustrating an example of a process of operating a battery diagnostic sensor using a battery under measurement as a driving power source according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of an operating system of a wireless sensor network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an internal configuration of a computer system according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, an operating system of a wireless sensor network according to embodiments of the present invention may be implemented through the computer system 100 of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the computer system 100 is a component for executing a method of operating a wireless sensor network, and includes a processor 110, a memory 120, a persistent storage device 130, a bus 140, and input / output. It may include an interface 150 and a network interface 160.

Processor 110 may include or be part of any device capable of processing a sequence of instructions. Processor 110 may include, for example, a processor within a computer processor, mobile device or other electronic device, and / or a digital processor. The processor 110 may be included in, for example, a server computing device, a server computer, a series of server computers, a server farm, a cloud computer, a content platform, a mobile computing device, an internet of things (IoT) device, a smartphone, a tablet, and the like. have. The processor 110 may be connected to the memory 120 through the bus 140.

Memory 120 may include volatile memory, permanent, virtual, or other memory for storing information used by or output by computer system 100. The memory 120 may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or dynamic RAM (DRAM). Memory 120 may be used to store any information, such as status information of computer system 100. Memory 120 may also be used to store instructions of computer system 100 including, for example, instructions for controlling the operation of a wireless sensor network. Computer system 100 may include one or more processors 110 as needed or where appropriate.

Bus 140 may include a communication infrastructure that enables interaction between various components of computer system 100. Bus 140 may carry data between components of computer system 100, for example, between processor 110 and memory 120. Bus 140 may include wireless and / or wired communication media between components of computer system 100 and may include parallel, serial, or other topology arrangements.

Persistent storage 130 is a component, such as a memory or other persistent storage, such as used by computer system 100 to store data for some extended period of time (eg, relative to memory 120). Can include them. Persistent storage 130 may include non-volatile main memory as used by processor 110 in computer system 100. Persistent storage 130 may include, for example, flash memory, hard disk, optical disk, or other computer readable medium.

The input / output interface 150 may include interfaces for a keyboard, mouse, voice command input, display, or other input or output device. Configuration commands and / or inputs related to the operation of the wireless sensor network may be received via the input / output interface 150.

Network interface 160 may include one or more interfaces to networks such as a local area network or the Internet. Network interface 160 may include interfaces for wired or wireless connections. Configuration commands may be received via network interface 160. In addition, information related to the operation of the wireless sensor network may be received or transmitted through the network interface 160.

This embodiment of FIG. 1 is only one example of computer system 100, and computer system 100 may further include additional components not shown in FIG. 1, or may have a configuration or arrangement that combines two or more components. Can be. Components that may be included in computer system 100 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including integrated circuits specialized for one or more signal processing or applications.

As an embodiment for effective operation of a wireless sensor network, a method of assigning an identification number (ID) of a wireless sensor node will be described.

For example, the operating system according to the present invention may assign an ID to a wireless sensor node using a hardware switch.

Figure 2 shows an example of a hardware switch implementation circuit in an embodiment of the present invention. The use of a hardware switch in the wireless sensor node allows the identification and identification of multiple sensors. Using two or more rotary switches that can be distinguished by at least 10 digits, you can set node IDs from 0 to 99 by adjusting the switches for 1 and 10 digits. Alternatively, 2 ⁿ IDs may be distinguished by using n consecutive connection switches or the like.

As another example, the operating system according to the present invention may use the serial number generated when the firmware is uploaded to the wireless sensor node as the ID of the corresponding wireless sensor node.

In the process of uploading firmware to the wireless sensor node at the initial factory shipment, the serial number (sequential number) which is sequentially increased can be input and this number can be used as an identifier of the wireless sensor node.

As another example, the operating system according to the present invention may assign an ID to a wireless sensor node using a setting program on a gateway.

When entering settings through the initial wireless connection between the gateway and the wireless sensor node, the user can enter an identifier for each wireless sensor node in a graphical user interface (GUI) program connected to the gateway.

Therefore, in the present invention, the wireless sensor network can be effectively operated by assigning an identification number (ID) to the wireless sensor node and managing the wireless sensor node through the identification number (ID).

As another embodiment for effective operation of a wireless sensor network, a method of determining the location of a wireless sensor node will be described.

For example, the operating system according to the present invention may determine the position of the wireless sensor node through a method of manually allocating an ID of the wireless sensor node according to a pre-mapped rule. In other words, the identification number of the wireless sensor node may be assigned according to a predetermined rule to recognize the location of the wireless sensor node with the assigned identification number.

3 is an exemplary view for explaining a method of assigning an identification number of a wireless sensor node according to coordinates according to an embodiment of the present invention.

For example, determine the number of installed temperature / humidity sensors according to the size and budget of the space to measure the temperature / humidity distribution among 1 ~ 100 temperature / humidity sensors. In order to monitor the temperature distribution of the space by arranging it, as shown in FIG. 3, the ID of the wireless sensor node located at the top left of the space is always 00 on the floor plan of the space. A rule may be set to 99 at all times, and an ID may be assigned according to the position of a wireless sensor node to be arranged in advance according to the rule to determine the position of the wireless sensor node.

Since the coordinate spacing between each wireless sensor node changes in proportion to the horizontal and vertical lengths of the actual plane, if only the floor plan of the installation site is used, the data collected from the temperature / humidity sensor can be positioned almost exactly on the floor plan using only the ID of the corresponding sensor node. It is convenient.

As another example, the operating system according to the present invention may determine the position of the wireless sensor node through a position calculation method using a directional antenna and reception sensitivity.

In the process of performing initial setup through random wireless field installation of wireless sensor nodes with a predetermined ID and direct wireless communication between the installed wireless sensor nodes and the gateway, directional antennas are connected to the gateway to position directional antennas according to predetermined rules. Next, the signal sensitivity of each of the wireless sensor nodes is checked through direct wireless communication with the wireless sensor nodes, the directions and distances are compared, and then the same operation is repeated by changing the direction of the directional antenna according to a predetermined rule. The position of the wireless sensor node may be determined by collecting signal sensitivity data of the wireless sensor nodes in each direction and estimating a direction and a relative distance of each of the wireless sensor nodes.

Therefore, in the present invention, it is possible to effectively operate the wireless sensor network by determining the location of the wireless sensor node and managing the wireless sensor node based on the location.

As another embodiment for effective operation of the wireless sensor network, a specific method for low power operation of the wireless sensor network will be described.

For example, the operating system according to the present invention is a low power operating method of a wireless sensor node driven by an internal battery power source such as a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and uses a low power hardware timer circuit to periodically turn on / off the power of the sensor. off).

4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process of operating a wireless sensor node using a low power hardware timer circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The wireless sensor node is composed of a temperature / humidity sensor, and may include a hardware timer circuit and a wireless communication unit.

The hardware timer circuit can be composed of a timer IC (integrated circuit) consuming low power and an electronic switch controlled on / off through the timer IC. The circuit can be designed such that the wireless sensor node is powered only when the hardware timer circuit of the above configuration is turned on. In this case, a power supply period (on period) may be set in advance through a resistance value connected to the hardware timer circuit.

Referring to FIG. 4, the hardware timer circuit supplies power to a wireless sensor node circuit (temperature / humidity sensor and wireless communication unit) after a predetermined time has elapsed according to a preset cycle, and at this time, the data collected by the sensor at power-on. May be transmitted to the gateway through the wireless communication unit. When the transmission of the sensor data is confirmed, the power of the wireless sensor node circuit (the temperature / humidity sensor and the wireless communication unit) may be turned off through the hardware timer circuit.

As another example, the operating system according to the present invention may implement low power operation of the wireless sensor node through a battery diagnostic sensor when the battery under measurement is used as a driving power source.

The wireless sensor node may be configured as a battery diagnostic sensor including an analog signal unit, a measurement calculation unit (MCU) for battery measurement and calculation, and a wireless communication unit.

The battery diagnostic sensor in this configuration can operate two measurement modes depending on the measurement method and cycle.

One of the measurement modes of the battery diagnostic sensor is a mode for measuring cell voltage, cell temperature, total voltage, and total current. Cell voltage, cell temperature, total voltage and total current are measured once every few seconds and monitored in real time.

For low power operation, each configuration operates in the sleep mode, but the wireless communication unit starts first according to the measurement command received from the gateway, and the wireless communication unit generates an interrupt signal to start the measurement operation unit (MCU), and sequentially the measurement operation unit The MCU operates in the order of starting the power of the analog signal unit. The procedure to enter sleep mode after finishing measurement is operated in the reverse order of starting.

For precise measurement, the analog signal section needs a settling time of at least a predetermined time (for example, 500 ms) after receiving the start command. When the start command is received, the analog signal unit may transmit a signal measuring the cell voltage, the cell temperature, the total voltage, and the total current to the measurement operation unit (MCU) after the 500 ms stabilization time. The measurement operation unit (MCU) may calculate a measurement signal of the analog signal unit and transmit the measurement signal to the wireless communication unit, and transmit the measurement data of the battery diagnostic sensor to the gateway through the wireless communication unit.

This measurement time is a bottleneck for multi-channel wireless communication. To solve this problem, the measurement command and data collection are divided into two stages.

Referring to FIG. 5, the measurement command of the gateway may be broadcast. In this case, after receiving the measurement command of the gateway, each sensor may sequentially perform analog startup and battery measurement to store measurement data in the wireless communication unit. The sensor may transmit the measurement data stored in the wireless communication unit to the gateway in a predetermined order, and may enter a sleep mode when its measurement data is completed.

Another measurement mode of the battery diagnostic sensor is measuring the cell internal resistance. The cell internal resistance measurement mode usually measures 1-2 times a day and accumulates the measured data in a data server (not shown), and then monitors the change in time or the amount of change from the initial value to diagnose the battery health condition. It is.

The internal resistance of the battery is usually 1 mohm or less. In order to accurately measure such low values, more than 3 seconds are required because the current injection and the measurement of the fluctuation voltage according to the injected current are precisely performed several times.

Referring to FIG. 6, the measurement command of the gateway may be broadcast. In this case, each sensor may sequentially perform analog startup and battery measurement after receiving the measurement command of the gateway to store the measurement data in the wireless communication unit. The gateway may broadcast a command for transmitting measurement data with a time difference of at least a predetermined time (eg, 3.5 seconds) from the measurement command. The sensor receiving the command to transmit the measurement data may transmit the measurement data stored in the wireless communication unit to the gateway according to a predetermined order, and may enter the sleep mode when the data is completed.

Therefore, in the present invention, the wireless sensor network can be effectively operated through a low power operation method of a sensor driven by an internal battery power source such as a temperature / humidity sensor or a low power operation method of a battery diagnostic sensor using a battery under test as a driving power source.

The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the devices and components described in the embodiments may include a processor, a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable PLU (programmable). It can be implemented using one or more general purpose or special purpose computers, such as logic units, microprocessors, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to the execution of the software. For convenience of explanation, one processing device may be described as being used, but one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the processing device includes a plurality of processing elements and / or a plurality of types of processing elements. It can be seen that it may include. For example, the processing device may include a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. In addition, other processing configurations are possible, such as parallel processors.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the above, and configure the processing device to operate as desired, or process it independently or collectively. You can command the device. The software and / or data may be embodied in any type of machine, component, physical device, computer storage medium or device in order to be interpreted by or provided to the processing device or to provide instructions or data. have. The software may be distributed over networked computer systems so that they may be stored or executed in a distributed manner. Software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to the embodiment may be embodied in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer readable medium. At this time, the medium may be to continue to store the program executable by the computer, or to temporarily store for execution or download. In addition, the medium may be a variety of recording means or storage means in the form of a single or several hardware combined, not limited to a medium directly connected to any computer system, it may be distributed on the network. Examples of media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, magneto-optical media such as floptical disks, And program instructions may be stored including a ROM, a RAM, a flash memory, and the like. In addition, examples of another medium may include a recording medium or a storage medium managed by an app store that distributes an application, a site that supplies or distributes various software, a server, or the like.

Although the embodiments have been described by the limited embodiments and the drawings as described above, various modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art from the above description. For example, the described techniques may be performed in a different order than the described method, and / or components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. may be combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components. Or even if replaced or substituted by equivalents, an appropriate result can be achieved.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are within the scope of the claims that follow.

Claims (7)

delete In a method of operating a wireless sensor network,
The wireless sensor network includes a battery diagnostic sensor including an analog signal unit, a measurement calculation unit (MCU) for measuring and calculating a battery, and a wireless communication unit, and a sensor node.
Operating the wireless communication unit, the measurement operation unit, and the analog signal unit in a sleep mode;
Activating the wireless communication unit, the measurement operation unit, and the analog signal unit according to a measurement command received from a gateway through broadcasting;
Transmitting measurement data by the analog signal unit and the measurement operation unit to the gateway through the wireless communication unit; And
Re-operating the wireless communication unit, the measurement operator and the analog signal unit in the sleep mode when transmission to the gateway is completed.
Including,
The analog signal unit transmits a signal measuring the cell voltage, the cell temperature, the total voltage, and the total current after the stabilization time of at least a predetermined time after receiving the start command from the measurement calculator, to the measurement calculator,
The starting step,
According to the measurement command, first start the wireless communication unit, generate an interrupt signal in the wireless communication unit, activate the measurement operation unit, and start the power of the analog signal unit in the measurement operation unit,
Re-operating to the sleep mode,
The wireless communication unit, the measurement operation unit and the analog signal unit enter the sleep mode in the reverse order of the starting sequence
Operating method of a wireless sensor network, characterized in that. In a method of operating a wireless sensor network,
The wireless sensor network includes a battery diagnostic sensor including an analog signal unit, a measurement calculation unit (MCU) for measuring and calculating a battery, and a wireless communication unit, and a sensor node.
Operating the wireless communication unit, the measurement operation unit, and the analog signal unit in a sleep mode;
Activating the wireless communication unit, the measurement operation unit, and the analog signal unit according to a measurement command received from a gateway through broadcasting;
Storing measurement data by the analog signal unit and the measurement operation unit in the wireless communication unit;
Receiving a transmission command of measurement data through broadcasting at least a predetermined time difference from the measurement command from the gateway;
Transmitting the measurement data stored in the wireless communication unit to the gateway through the wireless communication unit when the transmission command is received; And
Re-operating the wireless communication unit, the measurement operator and the analog signal unit in the sleep mode when transmission to the gateway is completed.
Including,
The analog signal unit transmits a signal measuring the cell internal resistance to the measurement operation unit after a stabilization time of at least a predetermined time after receiving the start command from the measurement operation unit,
The starting step,
According to the measurement command, first start the wireless communication unit, generate an interrupt signal in the wireless communication unit to start the measurement operation unit, and start the power of the analog signal unit in the measurement operation unit,
Re-operating to the sleep mode,
The wireless communication unit, the measurement operation unit and the analog signal unit enter the sleep mode in the reverse order of the starting sequence
Operating method of a wireless sensor network, characterized in that. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
Assigning an ID to the sensor node using a hardware switch; And
Managing the sensor node on the wireless sensor network via the assigned ID
More,
The hardware switch is a switch capable of distinguishing IDs by numbers.
The giving step,
Using the hardware switch for each digit and assigning an ID to the number set by the switch adjustment for each digit.
Operating method of a wireless sensor network, characterized in that. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
Assigning a serial number input in the process of uploading firmware to the sensor node as an ID of the sensor node; And
Managing the sensor node on the wireless sensor network via the assigned ID
Operating method of a wireless sensor network further comprising. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
Assigning an identifier input from a user through a graphical user interface (GUI) program connected to the gateway as an ID of the sensor node in a process of inputting a setting value through an initial wireless connection between the sensor node and the gateway; And
Managing the sensor node on the wireless sensor network via the assigned ID
Operating method of a wireless sensor network further comprising. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The ID mapping rule including a predetermined ID for the sensor node located at the top left and the sensor node located at the bottom right on the plan view of the space for arranging the sensor nodes, and the space in the space based on the horizontal and vertical lengths of the plan view. Assigning an ID according to a position where a sensor node is disposed; And
Measuring the temperature / humidity distribution of the space by placing data collected from the sensor nodes arranged in the space on the floor plan through the given ID
Operating method of a wireless sensor network further comprising.

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