KR102038770B1 - Measuring an apparatus for measuring upwelling or downwelling in stream - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an upwelling or downwelling measurement device for measuring and determining an upwelling or downwelling of underground water and stream water in a border area. According to one embodiment, the upwelling or downwelling measurement device comprises a first pipe including a first inner space capable of receiving underground water from the bottom surface of a stream, and a second pipe including a second inner space in which the first pipe is located and into which the stream water of the stream separated from the first inner space can be introduced by the first pipe. The diameter of the first pipe is smaller than the diameter of the second pipe, and a water level of the groundwater flowing into the first inner space and a water level of the stream water flowing into the second inner space are simultaneously measured.

Description

MEASURED AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING UPWELLING OR DOWNWELLING IN STREAM}

The embodiments below relate to a device capable of measuring and determining upwelling or downwelling by simultaneously measuring groundwater and riverwater levels at the border zone.

In general, a river level measuring device which is widely used is to measure the river level using these and measuring machines or devices with most buoys or floats floating on the surface.

Traditionally, pipes made of stainless steel were installed on the bottom of the river (about 10 to 100 cm), and the automatic data logger was placed inside the pipe to measure the water level in the border area. Was measured.

These water level measuring devices are only for measuring the water level at the point where the measuring device is installed, and only use the data measured by measuring the water level of the groundwater and the river water, respectively.

Such a method can secure the water level data stably over a long period of time, but it requires a lot of time and money for installation and management, and cannot be installed and operated once as needed.

The difference between the groundwater level and the river level is the most fundamental to quantify the flux of water and materials at the border between the groundwater and the river, and there is a lack of equipment to accurately measure this.

Groundwater and riverwater interact with each other across the border. A river that has a higher groundwater level than the river level and increases the flow of groundwater from the saturated zone to the stream is called a gaining stream. On the contrary, a river with a higher water level than the ground water level is called a lossing stream. Upwelling is a phenomenon in which groundwater rises through the bottom of the river and flows down into the groundwater through the bottom of the river. Rivers usually tend to gain and lose streams during the dry and rainy seasons. However, as the rise and fall occur locally locally in the stream and vary slightly at each point, it should be possible to measure it at the desired point.

Therefore, the rising or falling measuring apparatus according to the embodiments can provide a technique capable of measuring and judging upwelling or downwelling by simultaneously measuring the water level of the border zone and the river level at a desired point of the river. have.

According to one or more exemplary embodiments, an apparatus for measuring rising or falling includes a first pipe including a first internal space through which groundwater may be introduced from a bottom surface of a stream, and the first pipe is located therein, and the first pipe is disposed by the first pipe. A second pipe including a second internal space into which the river water of the stream separated from the first internal space may flow, wherein the diameter of the first pipe is smaller than the diameter of the second pipe, The level of the groundwater flowing into the space and the level of the river water flowing into the second internal space are simultaneously measured.

The device may further include an insert having one end formed in an inverted cone shape that can be inserted into the bottom surface of the stream to easily install and secure the lifting or lowering measuring device.

The other end of the insertion part may be formed in a tubular shape so as to be connected to the lower end of the first pipe.

The insertion part may include one or more screens formed by being cut along a radial direction on a part of an outer surface of the other end of the insertion part so that the groundwater may be introduced.

The second pipe may include one or more screens formed by being cut along a radial direction on a portion of an outer surface of the second pipe so that the river water may be introduced.

The apparatus may further include a first buoy positioned in the first interior space and floated by the groundwater flowing into the first interior space.

The apparatus may further include a second buoy positioned in the second interior space and floated by the river water flowing into the second interior space.

The first buoy may have a cylindrical shape, and the second buoy may have a semi-ring shape.

The second buoy may be engraved with a ruler, and each of the first buoy and the second buoy may include a reference point.

The apparatus may further include an opening and closing cover rotatably coupled to an upper end side of the first pipe and the second pipe so as to open and close the top surfaces of the first pipe and the second pipe.

1 is a view for explaining the interaction occurring in the boundary area between the groundwater and river water and the rising or falling measuring device for measuring the same.
2A is a schematic front view of a rising or falling measuring device according to an embodiment.
2B is a schematic plan view of a rising or falling measuring device according to an embodiment.
3 is a view for explaining the flow relationship between the groundwater and river water in the border zone through the rise or fall measurement apparatus according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, various modifications may be made to the embodiments so that the scope of the patent application is not limited or limited by these embodiments. It is to be understood that all changes, equivalents, and substitutes for the embodiments are included in the scope of rights.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be construed as limiting. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described on the specification, one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Terms such as first or second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component only, for example, without departing from the scope of the rights according to the concepts of the embodiment, the first component may be named a second component, and similarly The second component may also be referred to as the first component.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms such as those defined in the commonly used dictionaries should be construed as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and shall not be construed in ideal or excessively formal meanings unless expressly defined in this application. Do not.

In addition, in the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same components regardless of reference numerals will be given the same reference numerals and duplicate description thereof will be omitted. In the following description of the embodiment, when it is determined that the detailed description of the related known technology may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the embodiment, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

1 is a view for explaining the interaction occurring in the boundary area between the groundwater and river water and the rising or falling measuring device for measuring the same.

Referring to FIG. 1, groundwater and river water form a hypoheic zone. Groundwater and river water interact with each other in the border area, and the groundwater level is higher than the river level, so that the groundwater is discharged from the saturation zone to maintain the flow of the river, or conversely, the groundwater level is lower than the river level to fill the groundwater.

Considering the interaction between groundwater and river water, rivers have groundwater levels that are lower than river levels, as opposed to gain streams, where groundwater levels are higher than river levels and groundwater is discharged from saturated zones to maintain stream flow. It is divided into a lost stream of filling.

In general, Korea shows a profit stream in the dry season, winter, and a loss stream in the rainy season, summer. In addition, although the overall trend shows a gain stream or a loss stream, locally upwelling or downwelling occurs actively at each point of the stream.

As such, the boundary between the groundwater and the stream is a very dynamic interface space with active exchange of water and mass between the two bodies. The basis of the quantification of water and material fluxes at these border zones is the difference between the underground and river levels, which are accurately measured.

The rising or falling measuring apparatus according to the embodiment can measure and determine the upwelling or the downwelling by simultaneously measuring the water level of the border zone and the river level at a desired point of the river. That is, the rising or falling measuring device according to the embodiment may quantify the water (flux) of the water according to the season through accurate water level measurement in the boundary area between the groundwater and the river.

Hereinafter, the rising or falling measuring apparatus according to the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2A to 3.

2A is a schematic front view of a rise or fall measurement device according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a schematic plan view of a rise or fall measurement device according to an embodiment.

2A and 2B, the rising or falling measuring device 100 includes a first pipe 110, a second pipe 130, an insertion part 150, a first buoy 160, and a second buoy 170. ), And an opening / closing cover 180.

The rising or falling measuring device 100 may measure the level of groundwater and the level of river water at the same time. The rising or falling measuring device 100 may be installed on the bottom of the river, and may be installed by applying a force in a blow or vertical direction using a rubber hammer or the like when installing.

The first pipe 110 may include a first internal space through which groundwater may be introduced from the bottom surface of the river. The first five pipe 110 may be located inside the second pipe 130. That is, the diameter of the first pipe 110 may be smaller than the diameter of the second pipe 130.

The second pipe 130 may include a second internal space separated from the first internal space by the first pipe 110 by the first pipe 110 located therein. In addition, the second pipe 130 may include one or more screens 133 that are formed by being cut along the radial direction on a portion of the outer surface. Through this, river water of the river may flow into the second internal space. In addition, the one or more screens 133 may serve to prevent foreign substances from entering the second internal space of the second pipe 130.

The first pipe 110 and the second pipe 130 may be implemented as a plastic transparent pipe.

Insertion unit 150 is for easily installing and fixing the rising or falling measuring device 100 on the bottom surface of the river. For example, one end (eg, bottom) of the insertion part 150 may be formed in an inverted cone shape that can be inserted into the bottom surface of the river.

In this case, the other end (eg, the upper end) of the insertion part 150 may be formed in a tubular shape so as to be connected to the lower end of the first pipe 110. The insertion part 150 may include one or more screens 153 formed by being cut along a radial direction on a portion of an outer surface of the other end of the insertion part 150. Through this, groundwater may flow from the bottom surface of the river into the first internal space of the first pipe 110. In addition, the one or more screens 153 may serve to prevent foreign matter from entering the first internal space of the first pipe 110.

The first buoy 160 may be located in the first internal space and floated by groundwater flowing into the first internal space. The first buoy 160 may be for measuring the level of groundwater flowing into the first internal space. For example, the first buoy 160 may be implemented in a cylindrical shape and may include a reference point. The reference point may be indicated by a tick mark or the like.

The second buoy 170 may be located in the second internal space and floated by the river water flowing into the second internal space. The second buoy 170 may be for measuring the level of river water flowing into the second internal space. The second buoy 170 may be implemented in a semi-circular shape. In this case, the second buoy 170, that is, the semi-circle may be engraved with a ruler and may include a reference point. The reference point can be displayed and distinguished by color.

The water level of the groundwater flowing into the first internal space and the river water flowing into the second internal space are simultaneously measured through the first buoy 160 and the second buoy 170, and the flow direction of the groundwater and the river water The first and second pipes 110 and 130 may be determined according to the level of the groundwater and the river water introduced into the inner space of the second pipe 130.

When the height of the groundwater introduced into the first internal space of the first pipe 110 is higher than the height of the river water introduced into the second internal space of the second pipe 130, the river water may gradually flow into the groundwater side. On the contrary, when the height of the groundwater introduced into the first internal space of the first pipe 110 is lower than the height of the river water introduced into the second internal space of the second pipe 130, the groundwater gradually flows into the river water side. You can expect it. Based on this principle, it is possible to predict the flow relation between groundwater and river water by measuring the change of the groundwater and river water level during the year.

The opening and closing cover 180 may be rotatably coupled to an upper end side of the first pipe 110 and the second pipe 130 so as to open and close the upper surfaces of the first pipe 110 and the second pipe 130. .

As described above, the first pipe 110 is implemented to be positioned inside the second pipe 130, and buoys 160 and 170 for level measurement are provided in the first and second internal spaces separated therefrom. By positioning), the level of groundwater flowing into the first internal space and the level of river water flowing into the second internal space can be measured simultaneously. Moreover, it can measure and judge that it is an upwelling, a downwelling, or an equilibrium state at each point of the stream in which the rising or falling measurement apparatus 100 is installed.

Ascending or descending measuring device 100 according to the embodiment is a device that can be installed and operated for a short time or a limited time to build an observation network that crosses the stream, compared to the existing device is easy to install and operate, cost less, and finished observation After withdrawal is easy.

3 is a view for explaining the flow relationship between the groundwater and river water in the border zone through the rise or fall measurement apparatus according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3, the rising or falling measuring device 100 is such that the screen 153 of the upper end of the insertion part 150 is inserted into the bottom surface of the river corresponding to the position where the ground water and the river water level are to be measured. Can be installed.

When the installation of the rising or falling measuring device 100 is completed, groundwater flows through the screen 153 to the first internal space side of the first pipe 110 according to the flow of groundwater, thereby forming a constant water level. In addition, the river water flows through the screen 133 to the second inner space side of the second pipe 130 according to the flow of the river water, a constant water level may be formed.

The flow relationship between the groundwater and the river water may be measured and determined through buoys 160 and 170 located in the first pipe 110 and the second pipe 130.

In the case of the upwelling state, the water level in the first pipe 110 is higher than the water level in the second pipe 130, so that the reference point of the second buoy 170 appears below the reference point of the first buoy 160 and is equal to the scale. Level differences occur.

In the case of the downwelling state, the water level in the first pipe 110 is lower than the water level in the second pipe 130 so that the reference point of the second buoy 170 appears above the reference point of the first buoy 160 and is equal to the water level by the scale. The difference occurs.

Although the embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may apply various technical modifications and variations based on the above. For example, the described techniques may be performed in a different order than the described method, and / or components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. may be combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components. Or even if replaced or substituted by equivalents, an appropriate result can be achieved.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (10)

A first pipe including a first internal space through which groundwater may flow from a bottom surface of the river;
A second pipe having the first pipe located therein and including a second inner space through which the river water of the river separated from the first inner space may be introduced by the first pipe;
A first buoy positioned in the first internal space and floated by the groundwater flowing into the first internal space; And
A second buoy positioned in the second internal space and floated by the river water flowing into the second internal space;
Including,
The diameter of the first pipe is smaller than the diameter of the second pipe,
The first buoy is cylindrical, the second buoy is semi-cyclic,
A rising or falling measuring device, wherein the level of the groundwater flowing into the first internal space and the level of the river water flowing into the second internal space are simultaneously measured.
The method of claim 1,
Insert portion formed in one end in an inverted cone shape that can be inserted into the bottom surface of the river to easily install and fix the rising or falling measuring device
Rising or falling measuring device further comprising.
The method of claim 2,
The other end of the insertion portion is a rising or falling measuring device is formed in a tubular shape so as to connect with the lower end of the first pipe.
The method of claim 3,
The insertion unit,
One or more screens formed by cutting along the radial direction on a portion of the outer surface of the other end of the insertion portion so that the ground water can be introduced
A rising or falling measuring device comprising a.
The method of claim 1,
The second pipe,
One or more screens formed by cutting along a radial direction on a portion of the outer surface to allow the river water to flow in
A rising or falling measuring device comprising a.
delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The second buoy is engraved with a ruler, and each of the first buoy and the second buoy comprises a reference point.
The method of claim 1,
Opening and closing cover rotatably coupled to an upper end side of the first pipe and the second pipe to open and close the upper surface of the first pipe and the second pipe.
Rising or falling measuring device further comprising.

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