KR102024864B1 - Analysis method of break property for magnet pendulum combined with faraday electromagnetic induction - Google Patents

Abstract

Magnetic weight combined with Faraday's electromagnetic induction to analyze the stopping time of the magnetic weight and the braking characteristics of the object by analyzing the influence on the harmonic vibration of the magnetic weight according to the conductivity, paramagnetic and diamagnetic magnetization characteristics of the object Disclosed is a braking characteristic analysis method for.
Braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to the present invention comprises: (a) spaced apart from the object, measuring the displacement of the magnetic weight with respect to the object; (b) calculating an attenuation constant using the measured data; And (c) comparing the calculated attenuation constant with a correlation between the resistance and the magnetic susceptibility of the target object to analyze the braking characteristics of the magnet weight.

Description

ANALYSIS METHOD OF BREAK PROPERTY FOR MAGNET PENDULUM COMBINED WITH FARADAY ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION}

The present invention relates to a braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction, and more particularly through analyzing the effect on the harmonic vibration of the magnetic weight according to the conductivity, paramagnetic and diamagnetic magnetization characteristics of the object. In addition, the present invention relates to a braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday's electromagnetic induction, which can analyze the stopping time of the magnetic weight and the braking characteristics of the object.

A magnetic field that changes with time generates induced electromotive force. If you repeatedly move the magnet around the metal coil wire and shake it repeatedly, an induction current flows in the coil and the current flows in a direction to obstruct the movement of the magnet.

Recently, in order to develop an effective braking system in a vehicle such as a high-speed railway in the rapidly developing industrialization, efforts have been made to explore using Newton's laws of motion and inductive current of materials, but have not yet achieved visible results. to be.

Related prior arts are Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2011-0117434 (published on October 27, 2011), which discloses a transverse displacement measuring system, method and sensor of railway rails using electromagnetic induction.

An object of the present invention is to analyze the influence of the magnetic weight on the harmonic vibration of the magnetic weight according to the conductivity, paramagnetic and diamagnetic magnetization characteristics of the object, and to analyze the stopping time of the magnetic weight and the braking characteristics of the object. To provide a braking characteristic analysis method for the magnetic weight coupled with.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed spaced apart from an object and measures the displacement of the magnetic weight with respect to the object. step; (b) calculating an attenuation constant using the measured data; And (c) comparing the calculated attenuation constant with a correlation between the resistance and the magnetic susceptibility of the target object to analyze the braking characteristics of the magnet weight.

At this time, the magnetic weight is preferably mounted to prevent the torsional movement, pendulum movement by hanging on the ceiling using a V-shaped double chamber so that the trajectory is constant.

The magnetic weight is a neodymium magnet, and the object may include a metal plate and an insulator plate.

In addition, the step (b), (b-1) step of calculating the solution by substituting the data measured by the MBL (Microcomputer based laboratory) motion sensor for the displacement of the magnetic weight with respect to the object; ; And (b-2) substituting the solution calculated by the step (b-1) into Equation 2 below to calculate a damping constant for the damping motion by regression analysis.

이며, A, B는 상수이고, γ는 감쇠인자이고, ω₀는 각진동수임.)(here,

Where A and B are constants, γ is an attenuation factor, and ω ₀ is an angular frequency.)

In the method for analyzing the braking characteristics of the magnetic weight coupled with the Faraday electromagnetic induction according to the present invention, an experimental analysis on the stopping time of the magnetic weight and the braking characteristic of the object was used by using physical analysis dynamics. It was found to increase in order of aluminum (conductor / paramagnetic), copper (conductor / diamagnetic), and acrylic (insulator).

Therefore, when using the braking characteristic analysis method for the magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to the present invention, it is possible to replace the friction deceleration motion control means by the contact of two objects in the high speed moving means such as high-speed railway, aircraft, in particular The method of calculating the time constant of the damping motion by regression analysis is very useful for evaluating the process variables for the development of advanced alloys and new materials that can slow the motion of objects in a non-contact manner.

1 is a process flow chart illustrating a braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A and 2B are schematic views each showing a braking characteristic analysis device for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a position graph of the time of the magnetic weight interacting in close proximity to the aluminum plate, the copper plate and the acrylic plate.

Advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, only the present embodiments to make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully inform the person having the scope of the invention, which is defined only by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

Hereinafter, a braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with a Faraday electromagnetic induction according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the simple harmonic motion of the magnetic weight and the effect of the material interacting with the magnetic weight were investigated. Theoretically, the braking characteristics of the object were studied by combining Faraday's law on the generation of induced electromotive force with the change of magnetic field and the damping motion of the magnetic weight with simple harmonic vibration.

At this time, the metal and nonmetallic properties according to the electrical properties of the object and the paramagnetic and diamagnetic properties according to the magnetic properties are reflected. The damping motion of the magnetic weight due to the change of the magnetic field generated by the moving magnetic weight and the generation of induced currents in the reacting materials is analyzed and discussed.

In general, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, a magnetic field that changes over time generates induced electromotive force in the coil. According to Lenz's law, the electromagnetic induction of matter caused by the magnetic field appears.

By applying this, in the present invention, a magnetic field that is changed by the movement of the magnet is generated, and an induced current flows in the direction to disturb the movement of the magnet through the object. The magnets were used as weights to perform simple harmonic movements, and the damping constants of the magnetic weights were obtained by maintaining the proper distance of the object.

Accordingly, in the embodiment of the present invention by using the Newton's law of mechanics and the electromagnetic induction of the material by measuring the attenuation constant according to the material of the object, respectively, to find the electrical and magnetic properties of the material of the object, high-speed railway This paper presents a physical analysis method for developing an effective braking system for vehicles.

At this time, the magnetic field that changes with time generates the induced electromotive force. If you repeatedly move the magnet around the metal coil wire and shake it repeatedly, an induction current flows in the coil and the current flows in a direction to obstruct the movement of the magnet. In order to develop an effective braking system for vehicles such as high-speed railways in the rapidly developing industrialization era, this study explored using Newton's law of motion and inductive current of materials.

It uses electromagnetic induction of matter by magnetic field that changes with time. The magnets connected to the ceiling are repeatedly added to the oscillating harmonic motion, and the magnets are periodically cycled to generate magnetic fields that change over time in the pendulum trajectory. Here, when an arbitrary object is brought close to each other, when the material of the object is a metal, an induced current is generated according to the metal property.

In addition, the magnetic properties of the material of the target object affect the pendulum motion according to the degree of paramagnetic and diamagnetic properties of the magnetic field in the material. Here, we found out that the damping motion is different from the pendulum cycle due to interaction with matter.

In particular, in the present invention by introducing a computer-based experiment (MBL) to measure the pendulum motion of the magnetic weight interacting with the material. Here, after solving the differential equation for the damping harmonic motion, nonlinear curve fitting was performed on the measured displacement data of the magnetic weight using the regression analysis method using the least-squares method. The attenuation constant calculated from this was calculated, and the electrical and magnetic properties of the materials were compared with each other.

This will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below.

1 is a process flow chart illustrating a braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2a and 2b is a magnet coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention Each schematic diagram schematically showing a braking characteristic analysis device for a weight.

1, 2A and 2B, the braking characteristic analysis method for the magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention is a displacement measurement step (S110), the damping constant calculation step ( S120) and the braking characteristic analysis step S130 of the magnetic weight.

Displacement Measurement for Magnetic Weights

In the displacement measuring step S110 for the magnet weight, the object is spaced apart from the object 20, and the displacement of the magnet weight 10 with respect to the object object 20 is measured.

Here, the target object 20 may include a metal plate and an insulator plate. As the metal plate, aluminum, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, chromium, silver, or the like may be used, but is not limited thereto. As the insulator plate, an acrylic resin, a polyethylene resin, or the like may be used, but is not limited thereto.

At this time, as shown in Figure 2a, the target object 20 may be installed in a vertical direction with respect to the ground, in this case the target object 20 is to be disposed in a fixed position without flow by the support member 30 do. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the object 20 may be installed in a horizontal direction with respect to the ground, in which case the object 20 is disposed in a form seated on the support member 30.

The magnetic weight 10 is mounted to prevent the torsional movement and pendulum movement by hanging on the ceiling using a V-shaped double chamber so that the trajectory is constant. At this time, it is preferable that the magnet weight 10 uses a neodymium magnet.

Attenuation constant calculation

In the attenuation constant calculation step (S120), the attenuation constant is calculated using the measured data.

At this time, the step of calculating the damping constant (S120) by substituting the data measured by the MBL (Microcomputer based laboratory) motion sensor 100 the displacement of the magnetic weight 10 with respect to the target object 20, It can be subdivided into the step of calculating, and by substituting the calculated solution into the following equation 2, the regression analysis to calculate the damping constant for the damping motion.

이며, A, B는 상수이고, γ는 감쇠인자이고, ω₀는 각진동수임.)(here,

Where A and B are constants, γ is an attenuation factor, and ω ₀ is an angular frequency.)

That is, in the present invention, after the thread 40 is suspended from the ceiling, the magnet weight 10 is connected to the end of the thread 40 to perform the damping harmonic motion experiment of the object 20. At this time, the torsional movement of the magnet weight 10 is prevented, and the V-shaped double seal 40 is connected to the ceiling to fix the trajectory of the magnet weight 10 and the magnet weight 10 is suspended and fixed. In order to analyze the harmonic motion of the target object 20, the independent variable is a material type (aluminum plate, copper plate, acrylic plate, etc.) of the target object 20 as a variable control method, and the displacement of the magnet weight 10 as a dependent variable. By measuring the damping constant by the object 20 was examined.

Here, the control variable is the length of the seal 40, the initial angle and the close distance between the magnet weight 10 and the object 20. The displacement of the magnet weight 10 was collected by changing the object 20 by converting the signal input to the MBL motion sensor 100 into data. In the pendulum harmonic motion of the magnet weight 10, the degree of displacement amplitude attenuation due to interaction with the object 20 appeared differently.

In general, a simple harmonious object can be described by the restoring force or Hooke's law. The position of the object tries to return to equilibrium, that is, to the point where the potential energy is to be minimized. If the motion of the object is considered only in one dimension, it can be described as Equation 3 below.

Then, using Newton's second law for this object, the equation of motion can be written as

성분을 고려하게 되면 아래의 식 5와 같다.However, the above equations are ideal cases in which the frictional force is not considered unlike the real world. Kinetic friction always exists and is a retarding force

Considering the components shown in Equation 5 below.

At this time, if the damping factor γ and the angular frequency ω ₀ are defined as follows, it can be simply summarized as in Equation 6 below.

Here, if the solution to Equation 6 consisting of the second differential equation is obtained, the position function can be obtained through Equation 1 described above.

이며, A, B는 상수이고, γ는 감쇠인자이고, ω₀는 각진동수임.)(here,

Where A and B are constants, γ is an attenuation factor, and ω ₀ is an angular frequency.)

In this case, the exponential term of the position function may be a real number or a complex number depending on the value of q.

If q is real and satisfies the q> 0 condition, it is overdamping and attenuated before vibration occurs. If q = 0, the two exponential terms are equal and are not independent of each other. In this case it becomes critical damping and the object returns quickly to the equilibrium position x = 0 without vibrating like an overdamping. If q is an imaginary condition, that is, the formula in the radical arc becomes γ ² -ω ₀ ² <0, it becomes underdamping, and the motion of the object is attenuated by decreasing amplitude while vibrating.

Its position function can be expressed as shown in Equation 2 above, and thus the damping constant for the damping motion can be calculated.

Equation 2 combines the exponential function of real number and the function of sinusoidal, so it can be seen that the amplitude gradually decreases as it vibrates and disappears.

According to Faraday's law, the induced current generates the induced current in the material in a direction to prevent the change of the magnetic flux.

Accordingly, in the present invention, the magnetic pendulum 10 is set as a single pendulum to interact with the target object 20, thereby preventing the pendulum movement of the magnetic pendulum 10 from attenuating due to generation of an induced current of the target object 20. Could be analyzed against.

Braking Characteristics of Magnetic Weights

In the braking characteristic analysis step (S130) of the magnet weight, the braking characteristic of the magnet weight 10 is analyzed by comparing the calculated damping constant with the resistance and the magnetic susceptibility of the object 20.

Figure 3 shows a position graph of the time of the magnetic weight interacting in close proximity to the aluminum plate, copper plate and acrylic plate, Table 1 shows the position function in the harmonic motion of the magnetic weight reacting with the aluminum plate, copper plate and acrylic plate It shows the result of the measurement calculated by computer fit.

At this time, the position graph of the magnet weight shows the harmonic oscillation, that is, the underdamping movement, in which the amplitude decays with time. At this time, the position amplitude attenuation of the magnet weight was attenuated in the form of e ^{- gamma} as an exponential function according to Equation 2, and was calculated by calculating a single damping constant after computing a nonlinear regression curve.

TABLE 1

수식에 대입하여 약 9.61 m/s²의 근삿값을 얻음으로서 실험오차를 고려하더라도 이론적인 중력가속도 9.8 m/s²에 근사 한다고 볼 수 있다. 자석 추의 진폭이 시간에 따라

의 지수함수로 감쇠하게 되는데 초기 진폭의 e^-1되는 시간, 즉 초기 진폭 크기의 36%가 되는 시간을 시상수(Time constant, τ)라고 한다.As shown in FIG. 3 and Table 1, the period obtained in the harmonic motion experiment of the magnetic weight is 3.10 ± 0.1 similarly to the period of about 3.10 s regardless of the object. At this time, gravity acceleration

By approximating 9.61 m / s ² by substituting the equation, we can approximate the theoretical gravitational acceleration of 9.8 m / s ² even if we consider the experimental error. The amplitude of the magnet weight

It is attenuated by the exponential function of. The time of e ^{−1 of} the initial amplitude, that is, 36% of the initial amplitude, is called a time constant (τ).

When changing the object and starting the harmonic motion under the same initial condition (or initial angle of 3.72 °) of the magnetic weight, the time constant (τ = 1 / γ) is the aluminum plate 19 (s), the copper plate 47 (s), and the acrylic plate. In order of 1901 (s). Aluminum and copper, as metals, generate induced currents during additional simple harmonic motions, which interfere with the movement of the magnetic weight.

As shown in Table 1, the two metals have a resistivity of about 10 ⁻⁸ μm. Although the resistivity of the two metals is similar, the different attenuation constant or time constant of the magnetic weight means that the magnetic properties of the object are different. That is, aluminum is paramagnetic, copper is diamagnetic and the magnetic susceptibility is 2x10 ^-5 and -9.7x10 ^-6, respectively. Eventually, when the moving magnetic mass reacts with the object, aluminum interacts with attraction and copper with repulsive force.

However, when considering the absolute value of the magnetic susceptibility, which is a magnetic property, aluminum is about 2.16 times larger than copper, so it has a larger magnetic force and interferes with the movement of the magnetic weight due to the strong interaction between the magnetic weight and the object. Can be. However, in the case of acrylic plates, the electrical characteristics are dielectrics that are close to non-metals and insulators, and have no magnetic properties. Therefore, only the damping movement due to friction with air exists in the harmonic movement of the magnetic weight. Big enough.

As a result, when devising a braking device using induced current based on the braking characteristic analysis method for the magnetic weight coupled with the Faraday electromagnetic induction according to the embodiment of the present invention, physical analysis is performed by calculating the time constant due to the harmonic motion of the magnetic weight. It was confirmed that the method could be a measure of the process variables of effective material development.

As described above, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the braking characteristics of the magnetic weight are compared by observing the harmonic motion of the magnetic weight, and the influence on the harmonic vibration of the magnetic weight according to the conductivity, paramagnetic and diamagnetic magnetization characteristics of the object. Was investigated.

Through this, experimental analysis of the stopping time of the magnetic weight and the braking characteristics of the object was used by using physical analysis mechanics, and the time constants were the object was aluminum (conductor / paramagnetic), copper (conductor / diamagnetic), acrylic ( Insulator).

Therefore, when using the braking characteristic analysis method for the magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to replace the friction deceleration movement control means by the contact of two objects in the high speed moving means such as high-speed railway, aircraft In particular, the method of calculating the time constant of the damping motion by regression analysis is very useful for evaluating the process variables of the development of advanced alloys and new materials that can slow down the motion of objects in a non-contact manner.

Although the above has been described with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, various changes and modifications can be made at the level of those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications can be said to belong to the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical idea provided by the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention will be determined by the claims described below.

S110: Displacement Measurement Step for Magnetic Weight
S120: Attenuation Constant Calculation Step
S130: Braking Characteristic Analysis Step of Magnetic Weight

Claims (5)

(a) measuring the displacement of the magnetic weight with respect to the object by using a magnetic weight spaced apart from the object;
(b) calculating an attenuation constant using the measured data; And
(c) analyzing the braking characteristics of the magnetic weight by comparing the calculated attenuation constant with a correlation between the resistance and the magnetic susceptibility of the object;
In the step (a), the object is installed in a vertical or horizontal direction with respect to the ground is fixed by a support member for supporting the object, the object is an aluminum metal plate, a copper metal plate, a tungsten material Metal plate, molybdenum metal plate, titanium metal plate, chrome metal plate, silver metal plate, acrylic resin plate and polyethylene resin plate
Step (b) comprises: (b-1) calculating a solution by substituting the data measured by the MBL (Microcomputer based laboratory) motion sensor for the displacement of the magnetic weight with respect to the object; And (b-2) substituting the solution calculated by step (b-1) into Equation 2 below to calculate a damping constant for the damping motion by regression analysis. Method of Braking Characteristic Analysis for Magnetic Weight Combined with.

(here,

Where A and B are constants, γ is an attenuation factor, and ω ₀ is an angular frequency.)

The method of claim 1,
In the step (a),
The magnetic pendulum
A braking characteristic analysis method for a magnetic weight combined with Faraday's electromagnetic induction, characterized by preventing torsional movement and mounted to pendulum by hanging on a ceiling using a V-shaped double thread so that the trajectory is constant.
The method of claim 1,
The magnetic pendulum
Braking characteristic analysis method for magnetic weight coupled with Faraday electromagnetic induction, characterized in that the neodymium magnet.
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