KR102001672B1 - Autosterecoscopic display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display panel in which data lines and gate lines intersect and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed. A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor; A 3D optical element superimposed on the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and including any one of a lens and a barrier; And a backlight unit for emitting light to the liquid crystal display panel. Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of sub-pixels. Only the subpixels present on the optical path passing through the left and right eye positions of the user are turned on by the display panel driving unit and the subpixels outside the optical path are turned off. The turn-on subpixels are ON subpixels through which light is transmitted, and light is cut off in OFF subpixels except for the ON subpixels. The positions of the ON subpixels are changed when the left and right eye positions of the user are changed.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a three-

The present invention relates to a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display apparatus.

A stereoscopic image reproduction technology has been applied to a display device such as a television or a monitor, and it is time to appreciate 3D stereoscopic images at home. The stereoscopic image display device can be divided into a spectacle method and a non-spectacle method. The spectacle method realizes a stereoscopic image by using polarizing glasses or liquid crystal shutter glasses to display the right and left parallax images in a direct view type display device or a projector by changing the polarization directions of the parallax images in a time division manner. In the non-eyeglass system, an optical component such as a parallax barrier (hereinafter referred to as a "barrier") or a lenticular lens for separating the optical axis of left and right parallax images is installed in front of or behind the display screen This enables stereoscopic images to be viewed without special glasses.

1 and 2 show an example of a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display device using a lens.

1 and 2, the non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display apparatus includes a lens 11 disposed in front of a pixel array 10 of a display panel.

Each of the pixels of the pixel array 10 includes a red subpixel Rs formed with a red color filter, a green subpixel Gs formed with a green color filter, and a blue subpixel Bs formed with a blue color filter. The lens 11 is generally embodied as a convex lenticular lens array with a hemispherical or oval cross section. The lens 11 separates the light from the pixel to which the left eye image is written and the optical axis of light from the pixel to which the right eye image is written. The viewer sees the pixels in which the left eye image L is written in the left eye through the lens 11 while viewing the pixels in which the right eye image is written in the right eye through the lens 11 so that the viewer feels the binocular parallax, .

Since the number of pixels in the left eye and the right eye is smaller than the pixel array of the display panel 10, the non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display has a disadvantage in that the resolution is low and the optimal viewing position where the viewer can view the 3D image without crosstalk is limited have. In order to widen the optimum viewing position, a multi-view format image can be displayed on the stereoscopic image display device, but in this case, the resolution is lower. As shown in FIG. 2, a 9-view image is displayed on a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display device with an ultra-high resolution FHD (1920 × 1080) as an example. In Fig. 2, 1 to 9 are nine image data having binocular parallax. In FIGS. 1 and 2, '1' is a first view image of an object viewed from a first camera, '2' is a second view image of an object viewed from a second camera having a time difference of 6.5 cm from the first camera, to be. Since 4.5 RGB subpixels are arranged within one lens pitch, the horizontal resolution of the user is lowered to 1920 / 4.5, and the 9-view image data is written in two lines of the pixel array, so that the vertical resolution is lowered to 1080/2. Therefore, in the case of implementing multi view by displaying 9 view image data in ultra-high resolution FHD (1920x1080) as shown in FIG. 2 in the spectacle-free three-dimensional image display device, the resolution of the image recognized by the user is VGA 640 * 480).

The present invention provides a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display device having no limit on an optimum viewing position and capable of reducing resolution degradation.

The non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal display panel in which a data line and a gate line cross each other and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed; A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor; A 3D optical element superimposed on the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and including any one of a lens and a barrier; And a backlight unit for emitting light to the liquid crystal display panel. Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of sub-pixels. Only the subpixels present on the optical path passing through the left and right eye positions of the user are turned on by the display panel driving unit and the subpixels outside the optical path are turned off. The turn-on subpixels are ON subpixels through which light is transmitted, and light is cut off in OFF subpixels except for the ON subpixels. The positions of the ON subpixels are changed when the left and right eye positions of the user are changed.
The non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal display panel in which a data line and a gate line cross each other and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed; A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor; A 3D optical element superimposed on the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and including any one of a lens and a barrier; And a backlight unit for sequentially emitting red light, green light, and blue light to the liquid crystal display panel including a red light source, a green light source, and a blue light source. 3D image data of the multi-view format is written in the pixels of the pixel array. Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of sub-pixels. Only the subpixels present on the optical path passing through the left and right eye positions of the user are turned on by the display panel driver. The turn-on subpixels are ON subpixels through which light is transmitted, and light is cut off in OFF subpixels except for the ON subpixels. The positions of the ON subpixels are changed when the left and right eye positions of the user are changed.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display device including: a display panel on which a data line and a gate line intersect and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed; A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor; And a 3D optical element that overlaps the pixel array of the display panel and includes either a lens or a barrier. Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of sub-pixels. Only the sub-pixels existing on the optical path among the neighboring sub-pixels of the same color are turned on. The turned-on subpixels are light-transmissive ON subpixels, and the OFF subpixels except the ON subpixels are cut off. The position of the ON subpixels changes when the user's left and right eye positions change.

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According to the present invention, a 3D image can be displayed without restricting the position of a viewer by detecting the left and right eye positions of a viewer in real time using an image sensor and changing a position of a sub-pixel to be turned on according to a viewer's eye position. Further, the present invention can minimize the resolution degradation of the stereoscopic image display device using the field sequential color (FSC) technique, and improve the visibility through the surface processing of the 3D optical element.

1 is a diagram showing an example of a spectacle-free three-dimensional image display apparatus.
2 is a view showing an example of displaying nine view images on a spectacle-free three-dimensional image display device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a non-eyeglass stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a spectacles stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
5A and 5B are views showing a pixel structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the optical path of light passing through the lens changes according to the position of a sub-pixel to be turned on.
FIGS. 7 and 8 are views illustrating an example of controlling the position of a sub-pixel turned on according to a viewer's eye position.
FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams illustrating a field sequential color (FSC) technique.
11 and 12 are views showing a pixel structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a diagram showing an example in which the optical path of light passing through the lens varies depending on the position of a sub-pixel turned on in the pixel structure shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. FIG.
14 is a diagram illustrating a data format of a multi-view image in a stereoscopic image display apparatus having a pixel structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing colors sequentially reproduced in a sub-pixel turned on in a field sequential color (FSC) technique. FIG.
16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a 3D optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
17 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the 3D optical device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a view showing the optical path of the 3D optical element shown in Figs. 16 and 17. Fig.
Figs. 19 to 21 are cross-sectional views showing the surface treatment method of the 3D optical element shown in Figs. 17 and 18. Fig.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals throughout the specification denote substantially identical constituent elements. In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

3 and 4 are block diagrams showing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention.

3 and 4, the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel 100, a backlight unit, a 3D optical element 200, a display panel driving unit, an image sensor 151, and the like.

The liquid crystal display panel 100 includes a liquid crystal layer formed between an upper substrate and a lower substrate. The liquid crystal display panel 100 includes data lines 101 and gate lines 102 orthogonal to each other, and a pixel array in which pixels are arranged in a matrix form. The pixel array displays a 2D image in the 2D mode and a 3D image divided into a left eye image and a right eye image in the 3D mode. Each of the pixels is divided into n (n is a positive integer of 2 or more) sub-pixels. Each of the subpixels includes a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) formed at the intersection of the data line 101 and the gate line 101, and a pixel electrode connected to the TFT. The TFT is turned on in response to the gate pulse to transfer the data voltage supplied through the data line to the pixel electrode.

Pixel data of the first monocular image in the 3D mode is written to the pixels arranged in the odd-numbered lines of the pixel array, and pixels arranged in the even-numbered lines of the pixel array are written to the pixels arranged in the odd- Is written. Each of the pixel data of the first and second monocular images includes red data, green data, and blue data. The pixel data of the first monocular image is the left eye image data which is displayed only by the left eye of the user due to the 3D optical element 200 and the pixel data of the second monocular image is the right eye image of the user due to the 3D optical element 200 Image data. In contrast, the first monocular image data may be right eye image data, and the second monocular image data may be left eye image data. Hereinafter, the first monocular image data is described as left eye image data, and the second monocular image data is described as right eye image data, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The backlight unit may be implemented as a direct-type or edge-type backlight unit including a red light source 161, a green light source 162, and a blue light source 163. The light source driver 160 of the backlight unit sequentially lights the red light source 161, the green light source 162, and the blue light source 163. For example, the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention can time-divide one frame period into first to third sub-frames SF1 to SF3 as shown in FIGS. In this case, the light source driver 160 lights the red light source 161 in the first sub-frame SF1 and then the green light source 162 in the second sub-frame SF2. Subsequently, the light source driver 160 turns on the blue light source 163 in the third sub-frame SF3.

The backlight unit may be implemented as a backlight unit that generates white light in the driving method of the stereoscopic image display apparatus as shown in FIGS.

The 3D optical element 200 may be implemented as a lenticular sheet or a parallax barrier sheet. In addition, the 3D optical device 200 can be realized as a switchable lens that implements a lens by electrically controlling a birefringent medium, or a switchable barrier that implements a barrier by electrically controlling a birefringent medium. have. The present applicant has proposed a switchable lens and a switchable barrier in US Application No. 13 / 077,565 (Mar. 31, 2011) and US Application No. 13 / 325,272 (Dec. 14, 2011). When the 3D optical element 200 is implemented as a switchable lens and a switchable barrier, a 3D cell driver (not shown) for electrically driving the switchable lens and the switchable barrier is needed. The 3D cell driver is driven under the control of the timing controller 130 in synchronism with the data written in the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel 100 in the 3D mode to form a lens or a barrier on the electrodes of the switchable lens and the switchable barrier Signal. The 3D optical element 300 separates the optical axis of the pixel on which the left eye image data is written and the pixel on which the right eye image data is written or covers some pixels with a barrier using a lens. The 3D optical element 200 may be fabricated as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG. The viewer can see the pixels in which the left eye image data is written in the left eye due to the 3D optical element 300 and see the pixels in which the right eye image data is written in the right eye, so that the viewer can appreciate the three-dimensional image without special glasses.

The display panel driver writes the 2D image data to the pixel array in the 2D mode. The display panel drive unit writes the first monocular image data to the pixels arranged in the odd-numbered lines of the pixel array in the 3D mode, and writes the second monocular image data to the pixels arranged in the odd-th lines of the pixel array . The display panel driving unit includes a data driving circuit 110, a gate driving circuit 120, a timing controller 130, a data formatter 140, a host system 150, and the like.

The data driving circuit 110 converts digital video data input from the timing controller 130 into analog gamma voltages to generate data voltages and supplies the data voltages to the data lines 101 of the liquid crystal display panel 100 . The gate drive circuit 120 supplies gate pulses synchronized with the data voltage supplied to the data lines 101 to the gate lines 102 under the control of the timing controller 130 and sequentially shifts the gate pulses .

The timing controller 130 supplies digital video data of a 2D / 3D image input from the host system 150 to the data driving circuit 102 through the data formatter 140. The timing controller 130 receives timing signals such as a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, a data enable signal, and a main clock input from the host system 150 in synchronization with the digital video data of the 2D / 3D image. The timing controller 130 controls the operation timing of the data driving circuit 110 and the gate driving circuit 120 using the received timing signal. The timing controller 130 controls the operation timing of the light source driver 160 so that the red light source 161, the green light source 162, and the blue light source 163 are sequentially turned on. Also, the timing controller 130 can control the operation timing of the 3D cell driver.

The timing controller 130 may increase the frame rate to a frequency of the frame rate of the input image x 3 Hz in order to time-divide one frame period into the first to third sub-frames SF1 to SF3. The frame rate of the input image is 60 Hz in the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) method and 50 Hz in the PAL (Phase-Alternating Line) method.

The data formatter 140 rearranges the 3D image data from the host system 150 to align the left eye image data to the odd line of the pixel array and align the right eye image data to the even lines of the pixel array as shown in FIG.

The present invention detects the left and right eye positions of the viewer in real time through the image sensor 151 and changes the position of the pixel to which the left eye image data is written and the pixel to which the right eye image data is written according to the change of the left eye and right eye positions of the viewer. To this end, an image sensor 151 such as a camera is connected to the host system 150. The data formatter 140 analyzes the image received from the image sensor 151 using a known eye tracking algorithm to estimate the left and right eye position of the viewer and adjusts the positions of the left and right eyes of the viewer And changes the arrangement of the left eye image data and the right eye image data.

The host system 150 may be implemented by any one of a TV system, a set top box, a navigation system, a DVD player, a Blu-ray player, a personal computer (PC), a home theater system, and a phone system. The host system 150 converts the resolution of the digital video data of the 2D / 3D image to the resolution of the liquid crystal display panel 100 using the scaler and transmits the converted resolution to the data formatter 140, To the data formatter (140). The host system 150 transmits a timing signal synchronized with the data transmitted to the data formatter 140 to the timing controller 130.

5A and 5B are views showing pixels according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, pixels represent image data of the same color as the light source illuminated without a color filter.

A conventional one pixel is divided into a red subpixel, a green subpixel, and a blue subpixel for color implementation. On the other hand, each of the pixels shown in Figs. 5A and 5B is divided into n sub-pixels P1 to P6 without a color filter. Each of the subpixels without a color filter reproduces red, green, and blue color data according to the color of the illuminated light source.

One pitch (P) of the lens 200a overlapping with the pixels is equal to the width of one pixel. Thus, within one pitch of the lens 200a, n color filterless subpixels P1 to P6, which are divided by one pixel, are disposed. The same pixel data is written to the subpixels without the n color filters divided by one pixel but the position of the subpixel turned on depending on the left eye and the right eye position of the user can be changed. Here, a sub-pixel turned on means a sub-pixel through which light of a backlight is transmitted.

6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the optical path of light passing through the lens changes according to the position of a sub-pixel to be turned on. FIGS. 7 and 8 are views showing examples of controlling the positions of subpixels turned on according to a viewer's eye position. FIGS. 6 and 7 show an example in which the 3D optical element 200 is implemented as a lens, and FIG. 8 shows an example in which the 3D optical element 200 is implemented as a barrier.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 103 denotes an upper substrate of a liquid crystal display panel, 104 denotes a liquid crystal layer, 105 denotes a lower substrate of the liquid crystal display panel, 106 denotes an upper polarizer adhered to the upper substrate, A lower polarizer plate bonded to the substrate, and a backlight unit '108'. The 3D optical element 200 may be adhered to the upper polarizer 107. [

Referring to FIGS. 6 to 8, the path of the light traveling through the slit of the lens or barrier varies depending on the position of the sub-pixel to be turned on. There is only one slit of the barrier within one pixel. Further, one pitch (P) of the barrier is the same as the width of one pixel.

The stereoscopic image display device of the present invention senses the left eye and the right eye position of the viewer through the image sensor 151 and turns on the subpixels having the optical path passing the position and turns off the remaining subpixels . Here, the subpixels that are turned on are subpixels that transmit light according to the data voltage of the pixel data. The subpixels turned off are subpixels that are blackened by intercepting light from the backlight unit by applying black gradation voltages independent of the input image.

When the position of the left eye (or right eye) of the viewer is the same as in Figs. 7 and 8, the subpixels existing on the optical path passing through the position are turned on. 7 and 8, the three pixels are divided into six sub-filters, each of which has no color filter. These pixels are referred to as a first pixel, a second pixel and a third pixel from the left side. The subpixels present on the light path passing through the viewer's left eye (or right eye) through the slit of the lens or barrier are turned on. The second subpixel P2 shifted to the left in the first pixel is turned on and the remaining subpixels are turned off. The fourth subpixel P4 biased to the right in the second pixel is turned on and the remaining subpixels are turned off. The sixth sub-pixel P2 located at the rightmost position in the third pixel is turned on and the remaining sub-pixels are turned off.

The stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention senses the left and right eye positions of the viewer in real time and changes the position of the sub pixels which are turned on according to the position of the viewer's eye as shown in FIGS. As a result, the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention can display a 3D image without limiting the optimal viewing position for viewing 3D images.

FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams illustrating a field sequential color (FSC) technique.

9 and 10, the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel 100 and a backlight unit 108 (not shown) for reproducing red, green, and blue subpixels without color filters, ) With field sequential color technology. The light sources 161, 162, and 163 of the backlight unit 108 may be implemented as a light-emitting diode (LED).

One frame period may be divided into first to third subframes SF1 to SF3. During the first sub-frame SF1, red data is written to sub-pixels that are turned on, and the red light source 161 is turned on. During the first sub-frame SF1, the black gradation is displayed in the sub-pixels turned off and the green light source 162 and the blue light source 163 are turned off. Subsequently, during the second sub-frame SF2, the green data is written to the sub-pixels which are turned on, and the green light source 162 is turned on. During the second sub-frame SF2, the black gradation is displayed in the sub-pixels turned off and the red light source 161 and the blue light source 163 are turned off. Subsequently, during the third sub-frame SF3, the blue data is written into the sub-pixels which are turned on, and the blue light source 163 is turned on. During the third sub-frame SF3, the black gradation is displayed in the sub-pixels turned off and the red light source 161 and the green light source 162 are turned off.

10, a BLU (Back Light Unit) represents a backlight unit in which a light source of the same color is lit in one sub frame period. The SC BLU represents a scanning backlight unit (scanning BLU) that shifts the lighting timing of the light source along the data scan direction of the pixel array. The present invention can reproduce red, green and blue colors in each of the subpixels using the backlight units (BLU, SC BLU) and the color filterless subpixels driven as shown in FIG. 10, thereby increasing the resolution of the stereoscopic image display device have.

11 and 12 are views showing a pixel structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a diagram showing an example in which the optical path of light passing through the lens varies depending on the position of a sub-pixel turned on in the pixel structure shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. FIG. The stereoscopic image display device having the pixel structure as shown in Figs. 11 to 13 does not need to be driven by the field sequential color technology. One pixel of the stereoscopic image display device is divided into a red color filter having a color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter. The backlight unit of the stereoscopic image display device emits white light to the liquid crystal display panel. 11, LINE # 1 is the odd-numbered line of the pixel array in which the first monocular image data of the 3D image is written. LINE # 2 is the even line of the pixel array in which the second monocular image data of the 3D image is written.

11 to 13, each of the pixels is divided into a plurality of red subpixels R1 and R2, a plurality of green subpixels G1 and G2, and a plurality of blue subpixels R1 and R2 Loses. 11 to 13, the subpixels of the same color included in one pixel are illustrated as two but are not limited thereto. For example, neighboring subpixels of the same color included in one pixel are divided into n (n is a positive integer of 2 or more).

One pitch (P) of the 3D optical element 200 overlapping with the pixels is equal to the width of one pixel. Within one pitch P of the 3D optical element 200, subpixels R1-R2, G1-G2, and B1-B2 of the same color divided by one pixel are arranged. The positions of the subpixels that are turned on within one pixel are changed when the user's left eye and right eye position changes are detected in real time via the image sensor 151. [ The subpixels turned off are supplied with the black gradation voltages set to be black regardless of the input image, by blocking the backlight and blocking the backlight as in the above embodiment.

When the position of the left eye (or right eye) of the viewer is as shown in Fig. 13, the subpixels existing on the optical path passing through the position are turned on. In Fig. 13, red subpixels, green subpixels, and blue subpixels are each divided into two. The subpixels R1, G1, B2, and R2 on the light path passing through the viewer's left eye (or right eye) through the slit of the lens or barrier are turned on.

The stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention senses the left and right eye positions of the viewer in real time and changes the position of the sub pixels which are turned on according to the position of the viewer's eyes as shown in Figs. As a result, the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention can display a 3D image without limiting the optimal viewing position for viewing 3D images.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a data format of a multi-view image in a stereoscopic image display apparatus having a pixel structure as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. FIG. 15 is a view showing colors sequentially reproduced in a sub-pixel turned on in a field sequential color technique. FIG.

14 and 15, one pitch P of the optical element 200 is equal to the width of the pixels without n color filters (where n is a positive integer of 2 or more). One pixel is driven by field sequential color technology, not subdivided into subfields, to sequentially reproduce red, green, and blue. In one pixel, data of any one of the multi-view data formats is written. The first monocular image data may be written in the odd-numbered lines and the second monocular image data may be written in the even-numbered lines. Also in this stereoscopic image display device, the position of a pixel turned on depending on the left eye and the right eye position of the user can be changed.

14 and 15, many pixels are disposed within one pitch (P) of the optical element 200, so that resolution degradation can be reduced when a multi-view image is displayed. For example, if three pixels are arranged within one pitch P of the optical element 200, there is no resolution degradation in the horizontal direction (or horizontal direction) of the pixel array when viewed on a six-view basis, Is reduced by 1/2.

16 is a sectional view showing a 3D optical element 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

16, the 3D optical element 200 includes a high refractive index medium pattern 202 formed on the first transparent film 201, a low refractive index medium layer 203 covering the high refractive index medium pattern 202, And a second transparent film (204) formed on the layer (203). The 3D optical element 200 condenses as shown in FIG. 18 to form a lens that changes the optical path depending on the pixel position.

The first transparent film 201 of the 3D optical element 200 is bonded to the upper deflection plate 106 of the liquid crystal display panel 100. The high-refraction medium pattern 202 is formed on the first transparent film in an embossing pattern in which convex lenses are repeated. The planarization layer 203 of the low refractive medium makes the surface viewed by the viewer flat in the 3D optical element 200 and generates a refractive index difference with respect to the high refractive index medium pattern 202 as shown in FIG. Anti-glare as shown in Fig. 19, Anti reflection as shown in Fig. 20, and haze coating as shown in Fig. 21 are provided on the surface of the second transparent film 204 to improve the visibility. Lt; / RTI > Anti-glare as shown in Fig. 19 scatters light on the haze surface to reduce the visibility phenomenon. The Anti Reflection coating method as shown in FIG. 20 reduces the reflectance using the destructive interference of light. The haze coating as shown in FIG. 21 scatters light using an internal haze and an external haze to improve the contrast ratio and the ratio of light to light.

When the light passes through the lens, the velocity v of the light is v = c / n, so that the wave front deforms according to the shape of the lens. Where c is the speed of light and n is the refractive index of the medium. The light propagates in the vertical direction of the wavefront. Therefore, light passing through the 3D optical element 200 is condensed as shown in Fig. 18 (a).

17 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the 3D optical device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

17, the 3D optical element 200 includes an RM pattern 205 formed on the first transparent film 201 and a planarization layer 206 of a low refractive medium covering the RM pattern 202. [ The 3D optical element 200 condenses as shown in FIG. 18 to form a lens that changes the optical path depending on the pixel position. The first transparent film 201 is bonded to the upper flat panel 106 of the liquid crystal display panel 100.

On one side of the first transparent film 201, an alignment film for pre-tilting the liquid crystal molecules is coated to align the liquid crystal molecules of the reactive mesogens RM in a predetermined direction.

The RM pattern 207 includes a reactive mesogen (RM). A reactive mesogen (RM) is a liquid crystal material containing a terminal group capable of polymerization, and is a monomer molecule having a liquid crystal phase including a mesogen capable of exhibiting liquid crystallinity and an end group capable of polymerization. The terminal group capable of polymerization can be an acryl group or a methacryl group, and is not particularly limited as far as polymerization is possible. The reactive mesogens (RM), upon exposure to light and polymerized, form a crosslinked polymer network with the liquid crystal molecules while maintaining the ordered phase of the liquid crystal. Such a liquid crystal crosslinking network is mechanically and thermally stable since it has solid structure and solid structure while retaining the optical anisotropy and dielectric constant possessed by the liquid crystal.

The flattening layer 206 includes a flat surface 207 opposed to the viewer and a lens surface in contact with the RM pattern 207. The flat surface 207 of the planarization layer 206 may be surface-treated in the same manner as in FIGS. 19 to 21. FIG. The lens surface of the planarizing layer 206 forms the lens shape of the RM pattern 207. [ The planarization layer 206 may be made of ultraviolet (UV) curable resin.

17, when the linearly polarized light in the horizontal direction is incident as shown in FIG. 18 (b), the linearly polarized light passes through the RM pattern 205 while sensing the refractive index ne (> no).

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the details described in the detailed description, but should be defined by the claims.

100: liquid crystal display panel 108: backlight unit (BLU, SC BLU)
200: 3D optical element

Claims (13)

A liquid crystal display panel in which data lines and gate lines intersect and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed;
A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor;
A 3D optical element superimposed on the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and including any one of a lens and a barrier; And
A backlight unit for emitting light to the liquid crystal display panel;
Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of subpixels,
Only the subpixels present on the optical path passing through the left and right eye positions of the user are turned on by the display panel driver, the subpixels outside the optical path are turned off,
The turn-on subpixels are ON subpixels through which light is transmitted, and light is cut off in OFF subpixels except for the ON subpixels,
Wherein the positions of the ON subpixels are changed when the left and right eye positions of the user are changed. The method according to claim 1,
One pitch of the 3D optical element is equal to a horizontal length of one pixel,
And the one pixel is positioned within one pitch of the 3D optical element. 3. The method of claim 2,
Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of subpixels without a color filter,
Wherein the backlight unit includes a red light source, a green light source, and a blue light source. The method of claim 3,
The display panel drive unit includes:
Pixel data of the first monocular image of the 3D image is written into pixels arranged in the odd-numbered lines of the liquid crystal display panel,
Pixel data of the second monocular image of the 3D image is written into pixels arranged on the odd-numbered lines of the liquid crystal display panel,
Wherein each pixel data of the first and second monocular images includes red data, green data, and blue data. 5. The method of claim 4,
The display panel drive unit includes:
One frame period is time-divided into first to third sub-frames,
After writing the red data to the ON subpixels during the first sub-frame, write green data to the ON subpixels during the second subframe, and then write the blue data to the ON subpixels during the third subframe And,
Wherein the red light source is lit in the first sub frame period, the green light source is lit in the second sub frame period, and the blue light source is lit in the third sub frame period. The method according to claim 1,
One pitch of the 3D optical element is equal to a horizontal length of one pixel,
The one pixel is positioned within one pitch of the 3D optical element,
The one pixel is divided into two or more red subpixels, two or more green subpixels, and two or more blue subpixels,
Wherein the backlight unit emits white light to the liquid crystal display panel. The method according to claim 6,
The display panel drive unit includes:
Pixel data of the first monocular image of the 3D image is written into pixels arranged in the odd-numbered lines of the liquid crystal display panel,
Pixel data of the second monocular image of the 3D image is written into pixels arranged on the odd-numbered lines of the liquid crystal display panel,
Wherein each pixel data of the first and second monocular images includes red data, green data, and blue data. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
Supplying the data voltage of the 3D image to the ON sub-pixels,
And supplies the black gradation voltage to the OFF subpixels. A liquid crystal display panel in which data lines and gate lines intersect and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed;
A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor;
A 3D optical element superimposed on the pixel array of the liquid crystal display panel and including any one of a lens and a barrier; And
And a backlight unit for sequentially emitting red light, green light, and blue light to the liquid crystal display panel including a red light source, a green light source, and a blue light source,
3D image data of a multi-view format is written to pixels of the pixel array,
Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of subpixels,
Only the subpixels present on the optical path passing through the left eye and right eye positions of the user are turned on by the display panel driver,
The turn-on subpixels are ON subpixels through which light is transmitted, and light is cut off in OFF subpixels except for the ON subpixels,
Wherein the positions of the ON subpixels are changed when the left and right eye positions of the user are changed. 10. The method of claim 1 or 9,
Wherein the 3D optical element comprises:
A high refractive index medium pattern formed on the first transparent film;
A planarization layer of a low refractive medium covering the high refractive index medium pattern; And
And a second transparent film formed on the planarization layer,
Wherein the second transparent film is surface-treated with at least one of anti-glare, antireflection, and haze. 10. The method of claim 1 or 9,
Wherein the 3D optical element comprises:
A reactive mesogenic pattern formed on the first transparent film 201; And
And a planarization layer covering the reactive mesogen pattern. A display panel in which data lines and gate lines cross each other and a pixel array of a matrix type is formed;
A display panel driver that writes 3D image data to the pixel array of the display panel and real-time senses the left and right eye positions of the user through the image sensor; And
And a 3D optical element superimposed on the pixel array of the display panel and including either a lens or a barrier,
Each of the pixels of the pixel array is divided into a plurality of subpixels,
Only subpixels existing on the optical path passing through the left eye and right eye positions of the user among the neighboring subpixels of the same color are turned on,
The turn-on subpixels are ON subpixels through which light is transmitted, and light is cut off in OFF subpixels except for the ON subpixels,
Wherein the positions of the ON subpixels are changed when the left and right eye positions of the user are changed. 13. The method of claim 12,
Supplying the data voltage of the 3D image to the ON sub-pixels,
And supplies the black gradation voltage to the OFF subpixels.

Images