KR101995458B1 - Pyrometallurgical Apparatus of Nickel Ore for Hydrometallurgical Ni Production - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a drying device of a nickel ore for nickel wet smelting. According to the present invention, the drying device of the nickel ore for nickel wet smelting comprises: a drying furnace for removing crystallized water of the nickel ore by raising a temperature of the nickel ore to 400°C or less; and a reduction furnace for removing the crystallized water and reducing the drying ore by raising a temperature of the drying ore discharged from the drying furnace to 800°C or greater. Therefore, an objective of the present invention is to provide the drying device of the nickel ore for nickel wet smelting capable of effectively reducing investment costs and improving a convenience of operation by effectively removing large amounts of moisture in a pre-drying process for wet smelting of the nickel ore.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a nickel-

The present invention relates to a dry apparatus of nickel light for nickel wet smelting.

In general, ores containing nickel contain cobalt and iron at the same time, and these ores include ores such as Limonite and Sapolite.

As a method of recovering nickel by wet smelting of nickel light from these ores, there is a deposition method (HEAP method) in which nickel ore is stacked and nickel is leached for a long time with an acid.

On the other hand, a leaching method (HPAL method) for dissolving nickel in an acid in an autoclave under high temperature and high pressure to quickly and effectively leach nickel from these ores has been disclosed.

In case of this leaching method, it is possible to leach at least 90% of nickel in a short time, which is a representative method of nickel wet smelting.

However, it is known that the leaching method should be performed under the high temperature and high pressure of the autoclave, and it is known that only the titanium material can be mainly used because of its strong acidity, and accordingly, the equipment cost is very high and the maintenance cost is high.

In addition, the use of caustic soda, which is an expensive precipitant, or the use of a reducing harmful precipitant (H ₂ S) is required for concentrating nickel, so that the equipment cost for treating such a problem is increased.

In order to overcome this disadvantage, a method of smelting nickel by reducing nickel ore to hydrogen is disclosed.

However, not only a large amount of hydrogen is required to provide the hydrogen reduced nickel light to the leaching process, but also a process of removing a large amount of water contained in the nickel light before the reduction is needed.

Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the pre-dry process to be provided for the wet smelting of the nickel light is complicated and the process cost such as the investment cost is increased.

That is, the conventional dry process for the conventional nickel photo-hydrometallurgical process is divided into three stages of a drying step (drying furnace), a baking step (baking furnace), and a reducing step (reducing furnace).

As described above, since the dry process is divided into three process steps, the manufacturing process or the manufacturing equipment becomes complicated, which makes it difficult to process the process and increase the investment cost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a nickel-based dry etching apparatus for nickel-based wet smelting which can effectively remove and reduce a large amount of water in a pre-dry process for wet smelting of nickel light, thereby reducing investment cost and improving operational convenience.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a nickel light drying apparatus for nickel-based wet smelting, comprising: heating nickel light containing an attached water and a crystal water to 400 ° C or lower to form an adhered number of nickel light and a Goethite- And may include a drying furnace for simultaneous removal.

The nickel light can be heated to 400 ° C or lower in the drying furnace. More specifically, the temperature for raising the temperature of the nickel light may be 300 ° C or higher and 400 ° C or lower.

The drying apparatus of the nickel light has a structure in which the drying light emitted from the drying furnace is heated to 800 ° C or higher to remove the serpentine crystal water remaining in the drying light and the nickel, cobalt and iron oxide And a reducing furnace for reducing the reducing agent.

The drying light can be heated to 800 DEG C or higher in the reducing furnace. The temperature for raising the temperature of the dried light may be more specifically 800 ° C or higher and 1500 ° C or lower.

And a bag filter for collecting the minute particles contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the drying furnace and mixing with the drying light discharged from the drying furnace.

And a hammer mill which is installed in the drying furnace and which crushes the nickel light supplied into the drying furnace to atomize and disperse the nickel light.

The hammer mill may be connected to a dry gas supply pipe for continuously supplying dry gas for continuously drying nickel light when nickel light is scattered.

And a classifier for classifying fine particles having a particle size greater than a set size among the fine particles discharged from the hammer mill may be provided at an end of the hammer mill.

And a blower for blowing air into the drying furnace.

The bag filter may be connected to a heat exchange device for recovering waste heat of exhaust gas discharged through the bag filter.

The reducing furnace temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reducing furnace may be supplied to the heat source of the drying furnace.

And a scrubber for removing moisture and a minute component contained in the reducing furnace exhaust gas discharged from the reducing furnace.

And a gas pressure swing adsorption (PSA) device for selectively separating only the reducing gas from the exhaust gas from which moisture and minuscule is removed from the scrubber.

The reducing gas separated in the gas pressure swing adsorption (PSA) apparatus may be recirculated to the reducing furnace.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, nickel, cobalt and iron oxide can be effectively reduced for effective drying and firing of nickel light containing a large amount of moisture and effective leaching.

A simple dry process in which only two steps of drying (drying furnace) and reducing (reducing furnace) are carried out without going through a separate firing process can reduce the investment cost and improve the operational convenience. In the wet smelting after the dry process, nickel The recovery rate can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a dry apparatus for nickel hydride for nickel hydrometallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Wherever possible, the same or similar parts are denoted using the same reference numerals in the drawings.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms as used herein include plural forms as long as the phrases do not expressly express the opposite meaning thereto. Means that a particular feature, region, integer, step, operation, element and / or component is specified, and that other specific features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / And the like.

All terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Predefined terms are further interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant technical literature and the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined otherwise.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a dry apparatus for nickel hydride for nickel hydrometallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1, a nickel light drying apparatus for nickel wet smelting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a drying furnace 100 and a reducing furnace 200 do.

The drying furnace 100 raises the temperature of the nickel light 10 containing the attached water and the crystal water to 400 DEG C or lower to simultaneously remove the number of attached nickel lights 10 and the number of goethite crystals .

The temperature of the nickel light can be raised to 400 ° C or lower in the drying furnace 100. More specifically, the temperature for raising the temperature of the nickel light may be 300 ° C or higher and 400 ° C or lower.

The reduction furnace 200 raises the temperature of the dried light 20 emitted from the drying furnace 100 to 800 ° C or higher to remove the serpentine crystals remaining in the dried light 20, Nickel, cobalt and iron oxides can be reduced by the reducing gas 30 which is produced by the reduction reaction.

The temperature of the dried light can be raised to 800 DEG C or higher in the reducing furnace 200. [ The temperature for raising the temperature of the dried light may be more specifically 800 ° C or higher and 1500 ° C or lower.

In the reducing furnace 200, the reducing light 40 can be generated and discharged by performing the firing and reduction reactions of the reducing gas 30 and the drying light 20 at the same time without going through a separate baking furnace (firing step).

The reducing gas 30 supplied to the reducing furnace 200 may be supplied in a direction opposite to the loading direction of the drying light 20 charged into the reducing furnace 200 for effective reduction of the drying light 20. [

As described above, the nickel light drying apparatus is composed of the drying furnace 100 and the reducing furnace 200, so that the construction can be simplified.

A bag filter 110 for collecting the minute particles contained in the exhaust gas 11 discharged from the drying furnace 100 and mixing with the dried light 20 discharged from the drying furnace 100 .

In addition, a high temperature dry gas and nickel light 10 can be simultaneously supplied into the drying furnace 100.

A hammer mill 120 may be installed in the drying furnace 100 to crush and disperse the nickel light 10 supplied to the drying furnace 100 and scatter it.

The hammer mill 120 may be connected to a drying gas supply pipe 121 for continuously supplying a high temperature drying gas for continuously drying the nickel light 10 when the nickel light 10 is scattered.

A classifier 123 may be provided at an end of the hammer mill 120 to classify the fine particles having a predetermined size or larger than the predetermined size of the fine particles discharged from the hammer mill 120.

The classifier 123 can recycle the fine particles having a particle size of a predetermined size or larger among the fine particles discharged from the hammer mill 120 to the hammer mill 120.

The fine particles having a particle size smaller than the set size among the fine particles discharged from the hammer mill 120 can be dried and discharged through the classifier 123.

The drying furnace 100 may be provided with a blower 130 for blowing air into the drying furnace 100.

The blower 130 may be provided with a flow rate control valve 131 for controlling the flow rate of the air blown into the drying furnace 100.

The air blown by the blower 130 can prevent an excessive temperature rise inside the drying furnace 100.

In addition, the bag filter 110 may be provided with a heat exchanger 140 for recovering waste heat of the exhaust gas 11 discharged through the bag filter 110.

A reducing gas supply unit 300 for supplying a reducing gas 30 to the reducing furnace 200 may be connected to the reducing furnace 200.

The reducing gas 30 may be made of hydrogen gas or the like so as to form a reducing atmosphere inside the reducing furnace.

The reducing furnace temperature rise exhaust gas 210 heated in the reducing furnace 200 of the heating gas supplied to the reducing furnace 200 to raise the temperature of the reducing furnace 200 and discharged from the reducing furnace 200 is supplied to the drying furnace 100, As shown in FIG.

Reduction furnace (200) Reduction flue gas (22) may contain excess water generated by reducing the excess reducing gas supplied to the reduction furnace (200), and generated minute water.

The reducing furnace 200 may include a scrubber 220 for removing moisture contained in the reducing exhaust gas 22 and a minuscule component.

In addition, the scrubber 220 may include a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) apparatus 230 for selectively separating only the reducing gas from the exhaust gas from which moisture and the minute particles have been removed.

The reducing gas 231 separated in the gas pressure swing adsorption (PSA) apparatus 230 may be recycled to the reducing furnace 200.

A heating unit 400 may be installed in the reduction furnace 200 to heat the interior of the reduction furnace 200 to raise the temperature for calcining and reducing the reducing gas and the drying light 20.

The heating unit 400 may be made of coal or an LNG burner.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1, the operation of a nickel-based light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the preliminary dry process for nickel photo-hydrometallurgical smelting at room temperature and normal pressure, nickel is reduced to iron oxide to recover not only the nickel (Ni) to be recovered but also the iron component most contained in nickel light.

At this time, cobalt (Co) as well as nickel (Ni), which is more excellent in reducing ability than iron, is also reduced and can be supplied to a wet process in a metal phase, allowing easy leaching with acid and recovery.

Such nickel light generally includes a large amount of adhering water and crystal water. However, the number of adhering water and the number of crystals contained in the nickel water can be effectively removed by using a nickel light drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention .

In addition, the apparatus for drying nickel light according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two apparatuses, i.e., a drying furnace, a calcining furnace, and a reducing furnace.

In order to simplify the nickel light-emitting device, as shown in FIG. 1, the removal of the adhering water of the nickel light 10 containing a large amount of the adhering water and the crystal water occurs at 300 ° C., which is relatively low in the drying furnace 100.

Then, the temperature of the drying furnace 100 is raised to a maximum of 400 ° C or less to simultaneously remove the adhered water and the goethite-based crystal water (which accounts for about 80% of the crystal water contained in the nickel light).

The dried light 20 from which the number of nickel lights adhered and the goethite-based crystalline water are removed is charged into the reduction furnace 200 without a separate calcination furnace in the drying furnace 100.

The reducing gas 200 is supplied to the reducing furnace 200 while interchanging with the hydrogen gas serving as the reducing gas 30 in the direction opposite to the direction in which the drying light 20 is charged.

Then, the reducing temperature in the reducing furnace 200 is raised to 830 ° C to reduce the nickel, cobalt, and iron oxide to the reducing phase.

In order to effectively reduce the reduction reaction in the reducing furnace 200, hydrogen gas as a reducing gas is supplied in an excess amount twice as much as the amount of the gas necessary for the actual reduction reaction, so that a sufficient reduction reaction takes place.

When the temperature of the drying light 20 charged into the reducing furnace 200 is higher than about 600 캜, a serpentine-based crystallization water remaining in the drying light 20 is vaporized and removed.

Thus, the number penta takeover decision standing other than H ₂ O produced by the reduction reaction includes a H ₂ O by the reaction sintering is discharged to the reduced off-gas to the reduction reactor.

The water content in the reduced flue gas of the reduction furnace is increased compared to the existing process in which the existing burning furnace exists separately. However, since the calcite-based crystalline water containing the majority of the crystalline water is already removed in the drying furnace 100, .

In addition, since the reduced flue gas is discharged during the heating process, a reduction reaction can occur at a high temperature of about 800 ° C. at which the actual reduction reaction becomes active, under the same conditions as those of the completely burned flue gas through the existing firing furnace.

On the other hand, the reduced-amount reducing gas (22) containing water passes through the scrubber (220), and the scattered minute particles are wet-removed, and moisture is condensed and removed.

Thereafter, the reducing furnace exhaust gas is passed through the PSA apparatus 230 to remove components other than hydrogen, and only the pure hydrogen gas from which components other than hydrogen have been removed is recycled to the reducing furnace 200, The recycling rate can be increased.

The heating temperature for firing and reduction of the hydrogen gas in the reducing furnace 200 and the drying light 20 is controlled by supplying a heat source using a heating unit 400 such as coal or an LNG burner, .

The high-temperature reducing furnace exhaust gas 210 discharged from the reducing furnace 200 is supplied to the drying furnace 100 for use as a heat source of the drying furnace 100 to raise the temperature of the drying furnace 100 to 400 ° C or less And discharged after being used.

The scattered minute particles contained in the discharged exhaust gas are collected through a bag filter 110. The collected minute particles are mixed with the dried light 20 and are discharged and discharged from the bag filter 110 The drying furnace exhaust gas (11) is discharged to the outside.

As described above, excess residual hydrogen other than hydrogen as the reducing gas 30 used in the reducing furnace 200 can be recycled through the PSA device 230 to suppress the amount of hydrogen used as much as possible.

The temperature of the reducing furnace 200 supplied for the heating of the reducing furnace 200 is used to raise the temperature of the drying furnace 100 by heating the reducing furnace 200 to a temperature lower than that of the reducing furnace 200, Can be maximized.

As described above, the conventional nickel photodetector is composed of three reaction furnaces, a drying furnace, a calcining furnace and a reducing furnace. In the nickel-photodermating apparatus of the present invention, however, the calcination reaction is divided in the drying furnace and the reducing furnace, Two reaction furnaces were used.

Even if the nickel light-emitting device is constituted by two reactors, the same reduction rate as well as the firing of the nickel light can be obtained.

Therefore, the same nickel leaching rate is shown in the subsequent nickel wet process.

<Examples>

Nickel light for nickel wet smelting Nickel light used in the pre-drying process is a low-grade nickel light limonite containing a large amount of adhered water and crystalline water. The chemical components, the number of adhered water and the crystalline water content are shown in Table 1 .

As shown in Table 1, limonite is a low-grade nickel light having a Ni content of only about 1 wt%, and Fe is the most abundant in 31.04 wt%, and the amount of Co is 0.07 wt% Contains trace amounts.

In particular, such a low-grade nickel-phosphorus limonite is not only very high at 25%, but also contains 7.5% of the crystals and must be removed prior to reduction.

The component content of the nickel light and dry process intermediate used in the nickel light dry process applied for the embodiment of the present invention Furtherance
(wt%) Ni Co Fe Mn Mg Cr Si Al Attachment Number of Crystals Limonite 0.99 0.07 31.04 0.16 2.23 1.47 4.69 3.01 25.00 7.50 Dry light 1.41 0.10 44.18 0.23 3.18 2.09 7.20 4.50 0.00 2.19 Reduction light 1.70 0.12 53.17 0.27 3.83 2.52 8.67 5.41 0.00 0.00

The drying furnace 100 for drying the limonite ore shown in Table 1 uses a flash dryer equipped with a hammer mill 120.

Rimonite light containing a large amount of hot air and hot water supplied to the reducing furnace as temperature elevated exhaust gas is simultaneously supplied to the hammer mill 120 of the flash dryer and is partially dried and pulverized as a fine powder to scatter nickel fine powder and continuously dried .

The particles and the dry gas thus scattered are passed through the classifier 123 installed at the rear end of the hammer mill 120. For example, particles having a particle size of 1 mm or more are recycled to the hammer mill 120 and only fine particles having a particle size of 1 mm or less are dried .

During the crushing and circulation of such ores, the temperature of the drying furnace (100) is maintained at a maximum of 400 ° C to remove not only the number of adhered water but also the goethite-based crystalline water contained in the limonite.

As shown in Table 1, the dried water 20 thus discharged contains some crystals, that is, serpentine crystals, although the crystals are completely removed.

The dry light 20 is charged in the reducing furnace 200 at a constant charging rate after being stalled for a short time.

The reducing light 40 used in the present embodiment raises the outside air of the reducing furnace 200 by indirect heating using a rotary burner using an external coal burner.

The outside iron of the reducing furnace 200 heated in this way is heat-transferred into the reducing furnace 200 to raise the temperature of the drying light 20 and the reducing gas.

Since the reducing furnace 200 is indirectly heated, the temperature of the reducing furnace 210 can be maintained at a relatively high level because the heat source used for heating the reducing furnace 200 is relatively small compared to the actually supplied heat source. .

Since the high-temperature reducing furnace 210 is used as a heat source of the drying furnace 100, the utilization rate of the heat source can be maximized.

On the other hand, the drying light 20 of about 300 ° C. supplied to the reducing furnace 200 is gradually heated by the rotary kiln while passing through the inside of the reducing furnace 200, and starts at 600 ° C. and reaches 700 ° C., The water is completely vaporized and removed.

When the reduction reaction is caused in the reducing furnace 200 and maintained at 800 ° C. for a certain period of time, the reduction light 40 exhibiting the same components as the reduction light shown in [Table 1] and maintaining the reduction ratio of Fe as high as 75% .

The reduction rate of the reduction light of 75% is the same as the reduction ratio of the reduction light achieved in the dry system composed of the three reaction furnaces of the conventional drying furnace, the calcination furnace and the reduction furnace.

The reduced light thus emitted is quenched into a reservoir containing water and provided to a wet smelting process for nickel production.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the firing furnace structure is omitted in the nickel light pre-dry process for the nickel wet smelting, the economic benefit such as the investment cost reduction effect and the ease of operation can be achieved.

10: Nickel light
20: Dry light
30: Reduction gas
40: reduction light
100: drying furnace
200: reduction furnace

Claims (11)

Nickel light preheater for wet nickel smelting,
A drying furnace for simultaneously raising the temperature of the nickel light containing the adhered water and the crystalline water to 400 DEG C or lower to simultaneously remove the adhered water of nickel light and the goethite-
The drying light emitted from the drying furnace is heated to 800 ° C or higher to remove the serpentine-based crystal water remaining in the drying light, and a reduction furnace for reducing nickel, cobalt and iron oxide by the supplied reducing gas
&Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; nickel &lt; / RTI &gt; The method according to claim 1,
And a bag filter for collecting the minute particles contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the drying furnace and mixing the dried powder with the drying light discharged from the drying furnace. The method according to claim 1,
And a hammer mill installed in the drying furnace for crushing and atomizing the nickel light supplied into the drying furnace and for scattering the nickel light. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the hammer mill is connected to a drying gas supply pipe for continuously supplying a drying gas for continuously drying nickel light when nickel light is scattered. The method of claim 3,
And a classifier disposed at an end of the hammer mill for classifying fine particles having a particle size greater than a predetermined size among fine particles discharged from the hammer mill. The method according to claim 1,
And a blower for blowing air into the drying furnace. 3. The method of claim 2,
And a heat exchanger connected to the bag filter for recovering waste heat of the exhaust gas discharged through the bag filter. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Wherein the reducing furnace temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reducing furnace is supplied to a heat source of the drying furnace. 9. The method of claim 8,
And a scrubber for removing moisture and a minute component contained in the reducing furnace exhaust gas discharged from the reducing furnace. 10. The method of claim 9,
And a gas pressure swing adsorption (PSA) device for selectively separating only the reducing gas from the exhaust gas from which the moisture and the minuscule is removed in the scrubber. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the reducing gas separated in the gas pressure swing adsorption (PSA) apparatus is recycled to the reducing furnace.

Images