KR101991239B1 - High speed tunnelling method using low density bulk emulsion explosive - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a high-speed tunneling method using a low-density bulk emulsion explosive, which uses the low-density bulk emulsion explosive with a composition suitable for rock blasting characteristics of a tunnel and an underground space to completely fill a blasting hole to increase the explosion pressure in the blasting hole and tunneling efficiency in tunnel blasting. Moreover, the low-density bulk emulsion explosive provides an effect of increasing the contact area with a target rock, thereby reducing the particle size of crushed rocks and reduces the time and cost in falling rock loading and transport processes after blasting. Accordingly, generation of great rocks, which is a problem in the loading and transport processes, can be remarkably reduced, thereby reducing the amount in a secondary crushing process using a breaker. Moreover, the loading amount of a transport truck is increased, thereby reducing the transport cost per unit for discharging. According to the present invention, the method comprises a blasting hole forming step, an explosive charging step, a blasting step, a loading and transport step, and a reinforcement step.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a high-speed tunneling method using bulk emulsion explosives,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for drilling a tunnel or an underground space for the construction of roads, railways, or other structures, or for mining mining operations for acquiring underground minerals The present invention relates to a high speed tunneling method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive as a blasting method.

Recently, road tunnels have shown a tendency to be large-scale cotton and long-talk, and thus, the use of high-speed drilling machines and high-performance explosives have become common, and improvements in the existing blasting methods and development of new technologies have been rapidly achieved. Tunnel blasting is one of the most widely used methods for creating cavities in underground rocks for specific use purposes. It has no limitations on the cross-sectional shape and is the most economical method. In addition to safety issues related to the use of explosives, .

Accordingly, various excavation equipment and crushing equipment such as TBM, road header, and breaker have been developed and utilized so as to replace the blasting operation using explosives, but it is still far superior to the blasting technique using explosives in terms of economy, There is little known alternative method.

FIGS. 1A to 1C are photographs showing dynamite, cartridge explosion, and bulk emulsion explosives, respectively. FIG. 2 is a diagram specifically illustrating the characteristics of dynamite, cartridge explosion, and bulk emulsion explosive, which are explosives for a tunnel.

As shown in FIG. 1A, since the dynamite was invented in 1966, the explosive has played a large role in civil engineering construction sites such as a large-scale unison tunnel. However, such dynamite has a disadvantage that it is sensitive to friction or impact, and a lot of efforts have been made to supplement it. In 1984, ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil), which has greatly improved stability, was developed.

These ANFOs are widely used in the world today because they are very insensitive explosives that are not detonated without explosives, but they are pointed out as disadvantages of electrostatically induced explosions and wetting. In order to compensate for the disadvantages of such ANFO, slurry explosives have been developed but have been used only in some sites due to the deterioration of their strength. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1B, the disadvantages of ANFO and slurry explosives in 1977 Complementary emulsion explosives have been developed and used.

Specifically, in Emulsion Explosive, an emulsion is generally referred to as a system in which a liquid, which is not normally mixed with water and oil, is made into a very small droplet through a treatment process and dispersed in the other liquid . For example, small particles of oil are dispersed in water. These dispersed fine particles are referred to as a dispersed phase and the medium is referred to as a continuous phase.

These emulsions are divided into an oil-in-water type and a water-in-water type. Specifically, in the case of an oil-in-water type, water refers to a continuous phase and oil refers to a powder phase. Oil refers to the case of continuous phase.

In the case of such an emulsion explosive, a solution other than the draft is dispersed as an ultra-fine particle in the fuel oil with an oxidizing agent solution as a water-in-oil type, and an emulsion is made and again a glass microbalun or the like is added to the body as bubbles.

Also, as shown in FIG. 1C, a slurry type bulk emulsion explosive having a higher loading density has been developed, and an automation system for increasing the charging efficiency has been developed.

These bulk emulsion explosives are common in countries that have played a leading role in the blasting field in the Americas and Western Europe, and have been applied to tunnel sites in Korea since 2001, and the test blasting and construction examples have been announced recently. Has been practically used.

Specifically, Bulk Emulsion Explosives refers to emulsion explosives which are directly injected into a charge vessel by means of an unpacked mechanical loading system. For example, the main components of such bulk emulsion explosives are the above-mentioned slurry explosives Or ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) series which is the same as the components of the emulsion explosives.

These bulk emulsion explosives are highly insensitive as compounds of fire-resistant materials and have high safety because they do not attack without a booster. In addition, it is possible to load 100% of the buried hole in the loading hole, and the explosion energy is increased due to the increase of the loading density and the excavation efficiency is increased. In addition, the shortening of the air can be expected due to the effective breaking and the reduction of the number of holes due to the high loading density . On the other hand, there is a disadvantage that blasting vibration and noise increase with increasing loading density

In addition, these bulk emulsion explosives are divided into an emulsion matrix and a chemical pre-sensitizer. They function as explosives only when these two materials are mixed, and are classified into oxidizing agents during storage and transportation before mixing. These bulk emulsion explosive products do not go through the packaging process during production. It is economical in terms of price compared to conventional packaging products since it is released in the form of toothpaste bulk.

On the other hand, a blaster of a current road, railway or other structure is a method of drilling a large number of foam balls using a perforating machine for a rock mass to be excavated or to be plowed and then exploding by inserting explosives packed in a pouch into the hole .

For example, the tunnel excavation method using the bulk emulsion explosive described above is intended to reduce the construction cost by increasing the efficiency and safety of blasting and shortening the construction period in the tunnel blasting work for construction of a tunnel or an underground cavity, The bulk emulsion explosive to completely eliminate the decoupling, which is an empty space within the chamber, can reduce the loss of the explosion pressure and increase the blasting effect.

In this case, the bulk emulsion charged into the perforated blast hole is increased to a level twice that of the cartridge type emulsion. Therefore, over-break which causes destruction exceeding the planned excavation section due to excessive explosive force and excessive occurrence of blasting vibration There is a problem in that it is difficult to avoid an increase in complaints caused by the police.

In the case of the tunneling method using the bulk emulsion explosive according to the prior art, the total charge amount of the bulk emulsion can be reduced by reducing the charge concentration (kg / m), which is defined as the weight per charge length of the explosive charge, There is a problem in that the amount of generated mass is increased and the processing time for carrying out the burr after the blasting is increased due to the unevenness of the crushed particle size and the like. Accordingly, in the case of tunnel excavation method using the bulk emulsion explosive according to the prior art, the time and the amount of time spent in a series of work processes from the perforation-> blasting-> buffing- > There is a problem that the cost is increased.

Korean Patent No. 10-576180 filed on July 27, 2002, entitled "Non-explosive emulsion composition" Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-95945 (published on November 7, 2001), entitled "Explosives Combined with Colloidal Explosives and Emulsion Explosives" Korean Patent No. 10-1555618 filed on June 4, 2015, entitled "Excavation Method for Vibration Reduction and Increase of Excavation Field in Tunnel Excavation" Korean Patent No. 10-1401681 filed on Jul. 10, 2012, entitled "Large Diameter Armed Drugs and Tunnel Blasting Method Using Micro Vibrating Gunpowder" Korean Patent No. 10-1272390 filed on June 15, 2012, entitled "Vibrating Emulsion Explosive Composition" Japanese Patent No. 2,532,627 filed on December 17, 1988, entitled "Water-in-oil type emulsion explosive manufacturing method" US Patent Publication No. 2008-185080 (published on Aug. 7, 2008), entitled " Heavy ANFO and a Tailored Expanded Polymeric Density Control Agent " U.S. Published Patent No. 2014-352567, published on Dec. 4, 2014, entitled "EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION" U.S. Patent No. 9,611,184 filed on Mar. 5, 2016, entitled "Heavy ANFO and a tailored expanded polymeric density control agent"

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an explosion- And to improve the excavation efficiency of the tunnel blasting by using the bulk specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of reducing the particle size of a crushed rock by increasing the contact area with a rock mass in a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive, The present invention provides a high speed tunneling method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive capable of reducing the cost.

As a means for achieving the above-mentioned technical object, a tunnel quick-moving method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the present invention comprises the steps of: a) forming a plurality of blast holes by drilling a target rock for tunnel blasting; b) loading only a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in the range of 0.6 to 1.1 g / cc, respectively, in said plurality of blasting holes; c) blasting said loaded low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosives; d) loading and transporting the shredded rocks (buckets) crushed by the blasting and carrying them out; And e) subsequent reinforcement after blasting, wherein the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive comprises a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion explosive comprising water; A prize draft (Prill AN); And a specific gravity adjusting additive, wherein the expanded polystyrene (EPS) adjusts the particle size corresponding to the size of the granular draft (Prill AN); Filling the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive within the blast hole to prevent a decrease in explosive power caused by a decoupling effect of the blast hole internal air layer occurring at the time of blasting in the step b); In the step c), the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive is maintained at a long length relative to the same weight of the general explosive based on the same charge amount of the unit blast hole to increase the contact area between the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive and the target rock, And is capable of reducing the grain size of the rock.

Here, the viscosity of the W / O emulsion explosive may be 22,000 cP or more, and the specific gravity of the W / O emulsion explosive may be in the range of 1.25 to 1.55 g / cc.

Here, the above-mentioned prize draft is preferably one of FGAN (fertilizer grade a millonium nitrate) and CGAN (commercial grade a millonium nitrate) and has a size ranging from 0.50 to 3.00 mm.

Here, the granular draft (Prill AN) and the particle size of the EPS are adjusted so as to obtain the maximum explosive force of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive, wherein the expanded polystyrene (EPS) corresponds to the size of the granular draft Can be determined to be 70 to 200% in size.

Here, the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive can be loaded using the dedicated loading equipment mechanized in the step b).

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In the process of removing the crushed rock in step d), it is possible to increase the unit transportation amount of the buckets to be loaded and transported, and to reduce the transportation cost per unit discharge amount, in correspondence with the decrease in the particle size of the crushed rock.

By increasing the contact area between the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive and the subject rock by keeping the charge length long in step c), the generation of boulders caused by the blasting is suppressed, and the secondary crushing work amount is reduced And shorten the overall construction period by reducing the amount of time spent in a series of work processes.

According to the present invention, by using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive having composition components suitable for the rock blasting characteristics of the tunnel and the underground space, the explosion pressure in the blast hole can be increased and the excavation efficiency of tunnel blasting can be improved by fully filling the blast hole.

According to the present invention, the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive can obtain the effect of increasing the contact area with the subject rock, thereby reducing the particle size of the crushed rock and reducing the time and cost in loading and transporting the crumb after the blasting Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the amount of secondary crushing work using a breaker or the like by significantly reducing the occurrence of large peaks, which is a problem in the loading and transporting process, and to reduce the transportation cost per unit discharge amount by increasing the carrying truck load .

Figs. 1A to 1C are photographs illustrating dynamite, cartridge explosion, and bulk emulsion explosives, respectively.
Fig. 2 is a diagram specifically explaining the characteristics of the dynamite, the cartridge explosion and the bulk emulsion explosive shown in Fig. 1 as explosives for a tunnel.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a tunnel quick-moving method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a tunnel blast hole in a tunnel high-speed tunneling method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a diagram illustrating blasting pore sizes of a cartridge explosion and a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in a tunnel high speed pumping method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the loading length of a general bulk emulsion explosive and a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in a tunnel high-speed propulsion method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements as well, without excluding other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

[Fast tunneling method using bulk emulsion explosives with low specific gravity]

First, the tunnel high-speed pumping method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention secures work safety by using mechanical equipment rather than manpower and controls the composition of the bulk emulsion explosive to form a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive To improve the blasting effect and to improve the bending efficiency, thereby reducing the overall construction time.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a tunnel quick-moving method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the high speed tunneling method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention, a target rock is punctured for tunnel blasting (S110). Here, a plurality of blasters includes a deep hole, an enlarged hole, a floor hole, and an outer hole, and a detailed description thereof will be described later with reference to FIG.

Next, a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive ranging from 0.6 to 1.1 g / cc is loaded into the plurality of blasting holes (S120). Here, although the specific gravity of the bulk emulsion explosives is 1.2 or more, the specific gravity of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention is based on the range of 0.6 to 1.1, whereby the unit charge length can be increased.

At this time, when the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive is loaded in the plurality of blasting holes, the workload can be reduced by using the mechanized exclusive loading equipment, and the work speed can be increased and the work safety can be improved. The low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive is fully charged into the blast hole to prevent the explosion power from being reduced due to the decoupling effect of the blast hole internal air layer.

That is, in the case of the high-speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, a low specific gravity bulk emulsion having a composition suitable for the rock blasting characteristics of the tunnel and the underground space is used. Herein, the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive includes water-in-oil emulsion (W / O) emulsion explosive containing water; Prill Ammonium Nitrate (AN); And an additive for controlling specific gravity, and includes Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) which adjusts the particle size according to the size of the granular draft (Prill AN).

Specifically, the viscosity of the W / O emulsion explosive may be 22,000 cP or more and the specific gravity of the W / O emulsion explosive may be in the range of 1.25 to 1.55 g / cc. In addition, the above-mentioned prize draft (Prill AN) is one of FGAN (fertilizer grade a millonium nitrate) and CGAN (commercial grade a millonium nitrate) and has a size ranging from 0.50 to 3.00 mm. Accordingly, the granular draft (Prill AN) and the particle size of the EPS are adjusted so as to obtain the maximum explosive force of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive, and the expanded polystyrene (EPS) To < RTI ID = 0.0 > 200% < / RTI &

Next, referring again to FIG. 3, the loaded low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive is blasted (S130). At this time, the size of the crushed rocks can be reduced by increasing the contact area between the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive and the subject rock by keeping the charge length of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive relative to the same weight of the general explosive.

Next, the crushed rocks (buckets) crushed by the blasting are loaded and transported and taken out (S140), and then the blasted tunnels are subsequently reinforced (S150). At this time, in the process of removing the crushed rock after the blasting, it is possible to increase the unit transportation amount of the buoyancy to be carried and transported due to the reduction of the size of the crushed rock, and to reduce the transportation cost per unit transportation amount. In addition, it can reduce the amount of secondary crushing work and reduce the time required for a series of work processes (drilling, blasting, loading, transporting, reinforcement) have.

Accordingly, the tunnel high-speed boring method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention improves the efficiency and safety of blasting in the tunnel blasting work for the tunnel or underground cavity construction, The bulk explosive is filled with a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosion to eliminate decoupling, which is an empty space in the blast hole, thereby reducing loss of explosion pressure and enhancing the blasting effect.

In the case of using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, by using the mechanized exclusive loading equipment, the work force is reduced and the work safety is improved, And improvement of charging methods that can increase speed and workability.

In the case of using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in the tunnel high-speed propulsion method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, by filling the space inside the blast hole with the explosive, It is possible to prevent the explosion power from being reduced due to the decoupling effect.

In the case of using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the long charge length can be maintained based on the same charged amount of the unit blast hole, It is possible to obtain an effect of increasing the contact area with the rock mass, thereby reducing the particle size of the crushed rock.

In the case of the tunnel high-speed pumping method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, by reducing the particle size of the crushed rock after blasting by using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive, And thus it is possible to reduce the time and cost required for a series of work processes from perforation-> blasting- > buckling- > reinforcement.

Meanwhile, FIG. 4 is a view showing a tunnel blast hole in a tunnel high-speed tunneling method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the high speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel blast hole is divided into a deep hole, an enlarged hole, a floor hole and an outer hole, Can be subdivided into balls and wall holes, respectively.

Cut Hole is the first part to be blasted to form a free surface. It compresses the rock and wakes it to form a free surface. In this case, the area of the deep hole is generally about 2m 2, and the shape of the deep hole is classified into the horizontal hole hole method and the inclined hole method. These puncture holes have high puncture density, and the charge amount is about 5 ~ 7㎏ / ㎥.

The stopping hole is the same as the blasting of stairs at the charge amount due to the formation of the free surface in the center hole, so that the charge amount in the tunnel is increased because the drilling error is large and the crushing particle size is larger than that of the stair blasting To get it. This enlargement ball can be subdivided according to the position of the blast hole in the horizontal, downward, and upward directions, and the downward enlargement ball is charged at a small charge relative to the horizontal and upward expanding balls because the self weight of the rock is considered, This is because it is less binding. The average load of such an expansion ball is 0.7 ~ 0.9㎏ / ㎥.

In addition, the outer bore is divided into a roof hole and a wall hole. In blasting and excavating the rock, smooth blasting is applied to precisely crush the surrounding rocks without damaging them as much as possible. These boreholes require careful loading because the drilling angle, direction, and perforation interval affect the excavation and damage of the rock.

In addition, the Floor Hole is blasted upward with the blasting form, so a large amount of charge is required compared to other balls. The spacing and loading capacity of these bottom holes are related to the flatness of the bottom, which affects the operation of excavation equipment.

5 is a diagram illustrating blasting pores of a cartridge explosion and a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in a tunnel high-speed pumping method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5 (b) is a view showing the blasting pore size of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the high speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 is a water-in-oil emulsion (W / O) emulsion explosive, Ammonium Nitrate (AN)); And expanded polystyrene (EPS). Here, a water-in-oil emulsion is a water-in-oil emulsion in which water droplets are dispersed in oil, which is also called a W / O emulsion.

In the high speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 is a mixture of a water-in-oil type (W / O) emulsion and a granular draft (Prill AN) Explosive energy of the explosive mixed with the granular draft (Prill AN) is higher than the explosive using only the W / O type emulsion. That is, the maximum point where the gas amount is high and the explosion speed is not lowered is about 30% higher than that of the prize draft (Prill AN).

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is an additive for controlling specific gravity, and its size is determined in correspondence with the size of the granular draft (Prill AN). Accordingly, the maximum explosive force can be obtained by controlling the particle size of the prill AN and the expanded polystyrene (EPS).

Referring to FIG. 5, in the high speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 includes the target rock 10 The blasting pressure loss can be removed by coupling of the blasting hole 20b when the blasting hole 20b is drilled. That is, the conventional cartridge explosive 30 shown in FIG. 5A generates an empty space in the blasting hole 20a. For example, the cartridge explosive 30 has a blasting hole diameter of 45 mm, In the case of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 b), the empty space is completely filled in the foam hole 20b, 0%.

In addition, when the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, it is possible to improve the excavation rate by increasing the explosion pressure of the blasting hole 20b of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 compared to the conventional cartridge explosive 30 have. For example, when the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, the average pumping efficiency of the conventional cartridge explosive 30 is 91%, but the pumping efficiency of 95% or more can be secured. As a result, the tunnel construction period can be shortened by improving the efficiency in the long term.

In addition, when the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention is used, the number of blasting holes can be reduced according to the increase in the conventional charge amount of the cartridges. For example, the charge per unit of charge of a cartridge explosive is 0.952 kg / m, and the charge per unit mass of a low specific bulk emulsion explosive with a specific gravity of 1.0 according to an embodiment of the present invention is 1.39 kg / m, And the number of blasting holes can be reduced by enhancing the explosion power according to the increase in the amount of the per unit cost.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the loading length of a general bulk emulsion explosive and a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in a tunnel high-speed propulsion method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6 shows the loading length of the bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6 (b) shows the loading length of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6 b, in the case of the tunnel high-speed pumping method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, as the unit load length increases, the specific gravity of the bulk emulsion explosive 40 The explosion pressure contact area of the emulsion explosive 100 can be increased. For example, the weight of the conventional bulk emulsion explosive 40 having a specific gravity of 1.2 shown in a) of FIG. 6 is 1.67 kg / m, while the low specific gravity bulk emulsion having a specific gravity of 1.0 shown in FIG. 6 b) 6, the charge length of the ordinary bulk emulsion explosive 40 shown in FIG. 6 a) is 1.8 m, and in the case of 3 kg / load, the charge length of the explosive 100 is 1.39 kg / The loading length of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 shown in b) is 2.16 m, which increases the loading length by 20% compared to the normal bulk emulsion explosive 40.

Therefore, in the case of the high-speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the perforation length of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive 100 is 45 mm The volume charge amount of the bulk emulsion explosive can be reduced to increase the explosion pressure contact area, and the puncture efficiency can be increased by reducing the perforation diameter. For example, the perforation speed for forming the foam hole is inversely proportional to the square of the perforation diameter, so that the perforation efficiency can be increased by reducing the perforation diameter.

Further, in the case of the tunnel high-speed pumping method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the bucking degree (low degree) by the increase of the explosion pressure and the contact area as described above, The transportation efficiency can be increased according to the grain size of the low buck, and the increase in the unit transportation amount and the number of transportation can be reduced corresponding to the decrease in the cost of processing.

In the case of the tunnel high-speed pumping method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to improve the workability and safety by improving the charging method by the dedicated machine equipment when forming the foam pores, It is possible to improve the economical efficiency.

Meanwhile, in the case of the high speed tunneling method using the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive according to the embodiment of the present invention, the bulk charger is combined with the work lifter, And discharge and return the whole amount after the work, security and safety of work can be ensured. Thereafter, it can be economically used by being used as a lifter in other high altitude operations such as a rock bolt.

As a result, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the explosion pressure loss in the blast hole is eliminated through the full blasting of the blast hole, and the destruction effect of the unit blast hole is increased, thereby improving the blast efficiency of the tunnel blasting, It is possible to shorten the construction period by increasing the length.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the explosion pressure increase of the blasting hole can be expected to reduce the number of blasting holes per blasting. The reduction of the blasting hole number can reduce the punching work and reduce the punching work time.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the generation of boulders after blasting is suppressed, the amount of the secondary crushing work is reduced, and a series of work processes (perforation -> blasting -> loading -> transportation -> reinforcement) The time required for input can be reduced to shorten the overall construction period.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and that those of ordinary skill in the art can readily understand that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

10: Target bedrock
20a and 20b:
30: Cartridge explosive
40: Bulk emulsion explosive
100: low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive

Claims (9)

a) forming a plurality of blast holes by drilling the target rock to tunnel the blast;
b) loading only a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive in the range of 0.6 to 1.1 g / cc, respectively, in said plurality of blasting holes;
c) blasting said loaded low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosives;
d) loading and transporting the shredded rocks (buckets) crushed by the blasting and carrying them out; And
e) subsequent reinforcement after blasting,
The low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosives may include water-in-oil emulsion (W / O) emulsion explosives comprising water; Prill Ammonium Nitrate (AN); And an additive for controlling specific gravity, the expanded polystyrene (EPS) controlling the particle size according to the size of the granular draft (Prill AN); Filling the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive within the blast hole to prevent a decrease in explosive power caused by a decoupling effect of the blast hole internal air layer occurring at the time of blasting in the step b); In the step c), the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive is maintained at a long length relative to the same weight of the general explosive based on the same charge amount of the unit blast hole to increase the contact area between the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive and the target rock, Reducing the size of the rock,
Wherein the viscosity of the W / O emulsion explosive is greater than or equal to 22,000 cP and the specific gravity of the W / O emulsion explosive ranges from 1.25 to 1.55 g / cc,
The prize draft (Prill AN) is any one of FGAN (fertilizer grade a millonium nitrate) and CGAN (commercial grade a millonium nitrate) and has a size ranging from 0.50 to 3.00 mm,
Wherein the particle size of the EPS is adjusted so as to obtain a maximum explosive force of the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive, wherein the expanded polystyrene (EPS) 200% by weight of the bulk emulsion explosive composition. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive is loaded using the dedicated loading machine mechanized in step b). delete delete The method according to claim 1,
In the process of removing the crushed rock in the step d), the unit transportation amount of the buckets to be loaded and transported is increased and the transportation cost per unit discharge amount is reduced corresponding to the decrease in the particle size of the crushed rock, High Speed Turning of Tunnel Using Explosives. The method according to claim 1,
In the step c), the length of the charge is kept long to increase the contact area between the low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive and the target rock, thereby suppressing the occurrence of boulders caused by blasting, reducing the amount of secondary crushing work, Speed tunneling method using a low specific gravity bulk emulsion explosive, characterized in that the entire construction period is shortened by reducing the time spent in a series of work processes.

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