KR101973339B1 - Electronic Aperture - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronic aperture which can electrically move a medium to have a light transmittance of 90 to 98% of an open portion, and which solves a scattering problem of light due to a wiring portion. To this end, the present invention provides an electronic aperture which uses, as a medium, a charged particle to which electrostatic force of attraction and repulsive force can be applied, and a plurality of concentric ring-shaped transparent electrodes are formed on two transparent substrates, respectively, consisting of a lower plate and an upper plate, wherein an interval part formed between concentric rings of the lower plate and an interval part formed between concentric rings of the upper plate do not overlap each other when aligning the upper and lower plates, so that gap parts between the concentric rings are filled with the medium to prevent light scattering. In addition, when a wiring extending from each concentric ring is aligned with the upper plate and the lower plate, the wiring is arranged not to overlap, thereby preventing light scattering due to the wiring.

Description

Electronic Aperture

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic iris capable of adjusting an amount of light electrically.

The camera lens is equipped with an iris to adjust the amount of light to control the depth and exposure of the subject. These diaphragms are made up of several thin-blade mechanics that take up considerable volume and are not included in small camera modules, including smartphones. As the performance of smartphone cameras becomes more and more important, we are developing electronic irons suitable for small devices, and the method of controlling the amount of light electrically is divided as follows.

That is, there is a filter method in which light is transmitted by a transmittance when the light passes through the medium in such a manner that the entire iris patterned with the transparent electrode is filled with a medium such as liquid crystal to transmit or block the light. There is a method of electrically moving and showing opening and blocking action like a mechanical iris so that the amount of light in the open area is transmitted by 90% to 98%. The filter method is 90% ~ 60% when the light transmittance of the open part is high, and 80% ~ 35% when the light transmittance is low. On the other hand, when the medium is electrically moved, the transmittance is 98% ~ 90% Can be implemented.

Open No. 10-2015-0104150 proposes an electro-stop using an active electrochromic medium, but is difficult to commercialize due to a low transmittance and a slow response speed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2017-0119149 proposes an electromagnetic diaphragm using an electronic ink as a medium. However, in this case, there is a problem that scattering of light occurs due to the wiring pattern constituting the diaphragm, as shown in Fig. 3 of the gazette, and the resolution is impaired. That is, as the transparent electrode is formed of a plurality of concentric circles and the wiring is made so as to connect the power source to the individual annular electrodes, scattering of light by the wiring portion deteriorates the performance of the diaphragm.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic diaphragm in which a light quantity transmittance of an open portion is 90 to 98% by electrically moving a medium, and an electromagnetic diaphragm that solves the light scattering problem due to a wiring portion.

According to the above-described object, the present invention provides an electromagnetic diaphragm as a diaphragm driving medium comprising a mixed medium comprising charged particles capable of applying electrostatic force of attractive force and repulsive force, wherein a plurality of concentric circles The spacing portions formed between the concentric rings of the lower plate and the upper concentric rings are not overlapped with each other at the time of aligning the upper and lower plates so that the interval between the concentric rings is filled with the medium, .

Also, in the above, when the upper plate and the lower plate are aligned with each other, the wiring extending from each concentric ring is arranged so as not to overlap so as to prevent scattering of light by wiring.

In the above, the mixing medium may include fullerenes, materials that combine inorganic particles such as carbon black or derivatives that are charged to such particles, organic particles such as polystyrene, and other charged materials, and the driving voltage may be a DC or DC pulse Lt; / RTI >

That is,

As an electronic iris,

A top plate and a bottom plate made of a transparent substrate;

A transparent electrode formed on the upper plate and the lower plate; And

And charged particles charged between the upper plate and the lower plate,

The transparent electrodes formed on the upper plate and the lower plate, respectively,

Center circle;

At least one concentric ring concentric with the circle and formed on the outside of the circle;

A wiring portion extending from the circle and each concentric ring;

An interval in which the circles and the concentric rings maintain an insulated state from each other; And

And an opening formed in each of the concentric rings so that the wiring portion passes through while maintaining the insulation state,

The gap formed between the circle formed on the lower plate and the concentric ring and the opening formed on each concentric ring when the upper plate and the lower plate are aligned facing each other are covered by the circle formed on the upper plate and the concentric ring area,

There is provided an electromagnetic diaphragm characterized in that a voltage capable of applying a repulsive force to a charged particle is applied to a circular or concentric ring transparent electrode disposed at a portion where the aperture of the electromagnetic diaphragm is to be opened to drive the electromagnetic diaphragm.

The electromagnetic iris is characterized in that a voltage which applies attraction to the charged particles or a voltage is not applied to the concentric ring transparent electrode located at a position other than the opening diameter of the electromagnetic iris.

In the above, the charged particle mixing medium includes an electron donor, which comprises an inorganic particle such as fullerene or carbon black or a substance in which a derivative charged to the particle is bonded, organic particles such as polystyrene, to provide.

In the above, the electromagnetic diaphragm driving voltage is a direct current or a direct current pulse.

Further, according to the present invention,

A top plate and a bottom plate made of a transparent substrate;

A transparent electrode formed on the upper plate and the lower plate, respectively; And

And charged particles charged between the upper plate and the lower plate,

The transparent electrodes formed on the upper plate and the lower plate, respectively,

Center circle;

At least one concentric ring concentric with the circle and formed on the outside of the circle;

A wiring portion extending from the circle and each concentric ring;

An interval in which the circles and the concentric rings maintain an insulated state from each other; And

And an opening formed in each of the concentric rings so that the wiring portion passes through while maintaining the insulation state,

Wherein the gap formed between the circle formed in the lower plate and the concentric ring and the opening formed in each concentric ring when the upper plate and the lower plate are aligned face to face with each other are covered by a circle formed in the upper plate and a concentric ring area. Provides an aperture module.

According to the present invention, the open portion of the electromagnetic diaphragm can transmit 100% light, and the gaps and wiring portions of the transparent electrode yarns forming the concentric ring pattern are constituted so as to complement each other by the concentric loop pattern formed on the upper and lower plates By preventing scattering of light, it is possible to realize an electronic iris performance comparable to a mechanical type.

The electronic diaphragm can be widely applied to all camera modules such as a smart phone, an autonomous automobile image camera, a robot image camera, a navigation search device for a car, a black box, a CCTV, and a drone.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view for explaining the electromagnetic iris structure of the present invention. FIG.
Figure 2 shows an electronic iris configuration designed with seven concentric rings.
Fig. 3 shows the waveform of the applied voltage for driving the electromagnetic diaphragm.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electron-aperture electrode pattern according to the present invention.

A large number of concentric annular transparent electrodes are formed on a transparent substrate made of glass, quartz, or polymer, and a circular transparent electrode is formed in the center. The concentric circles, including the center circle, are arranged at fine intervals to be electrically insulated from each other, and can be wired with the same material or a different electrode material for each transparent electrode. Such an electrode arrangement is intended to realize a diaphragm capable of adjusting the amount of light step by step.

As the material of the transparent electrode, ITO, AZO, IZO and the like which are well known can be used.

It is important to form concentric annular transparent electrodes on the transparent substrates made of the upper and lower substrates and to conduct wiring so that the fine spaces existing between the transparent electrodes do not overlap each other when facing the transparent substrates of the upper and lower substrates.

Figure 1 shows an electronic iris pattern composed of three isolated electrodes including a center circle. The number of electrodes is set to three for the sake of understanding, and a larger number of electrodes are actually arranged.

In the electrode pattern drawn at the lower end of Fig. 1, the wiring portion extends from the circle 1 located at the central portion, and the concentric ring 2 formed at a distance from the circle 1 is electrically insulated from the wiring portion, And is formed as an open type. The wiring portion extends to the electrode of the concentric ring 2 and the concentric ring 3 surrounding the concentric ring 2 is formed and the electrode is not formed in the portion where the wiring portions pass. And the wiring portion is also extended to the concentric ring 3.

(-) voltage is applied to the circle 1 and the voltage is not applied (0) to the remaining concentric rings (2, 3) ), And positively applying a (+) voltage, the charged particles are repulsed in the circle (1) portion and not in the circle (1) portion. In order to improve the aperture performance, it is preferable to positively apply a (+) voltage to attract charged particles.

The charged particles distributed in the remaining part except the circle 1 block light, so that only the central circle 1 is opened in the diaphragm to transmit the light, and the remaining part is shielded from the light so that the light amount can be controlled. Voltage is applied to both the circle 1 and the concentric ring 2 and the positive voltage is applied to the remaining concentric ring 3 if a larger aperture is to be formed to increase the amount of light. The opening through which the light is transmitted extends to the outer peripheral portion of the concentric ring 2 and the amount of light is increased.

In such an electromagnetic diaphragm, the problem is the gap portion for maintaining the insulation state between the electrodes and the portion (the opening portion of the concentric ring) through which the wiring passes. Since the voltage can not be applied to such a gap portion, the charged particles are not surely arranged at a desired level, and a voltage equal to the applied voltage is applied to the wiring portion so that the charged particles are rejected or attracted along the wiring, And can be transmitted in a stripe pattern. In other words, when light scattering occurs and an iris is applied, a problem occurs in image quality.

Therefore, in order to solve the light scattering problem caused by the interval between the electrodes and the wiring portion, the present invention is configured to face the electrode pattern up and down, and in the opposite state, the interval portion and the wiring portion in each electrode pattern overlap each other Respectively.

The electrode pattern drawn at the upper end of Fig. 1 is made of circles and concentric rings like the electrode pattern drawn at the lower end, but the interval between the electrodes at the lower end is designed to be covered by the upper electrode portion. Although the interval portion and the open portion of the concentric ring are shown to be quite large in the figure of Fig. 1, this is for the sake of understanding. Actually, the width is as fine as several hundreds nm to several tens of um, but economically 2 to 20 um is preferable.

That is, the diameter of the upper circle 1-1, which is concentric with the circle 1 at the lower end, is greater than or equal to the diameter of the circle 1, and the portion of the gap 10, which forms the periphery of the circle 1, . When negative (-) voltage is applied to the circle 1-1 at the upper end and the circle 1 at the lower end in this configuration, the (-) charged particles ultimately receive repulsive force as much as the area of the upper circle 1-1, And is opened by the area of the circle 1-1. Although the wiring connected to the circle 1 passes through the gap 10, this portion is also covered with the area of the upper circle 1-1 by applying a negative voltage to exclude the charged particles. Therefore, the portion corresponding to the area of the upper circle (1-1) is a completely open opening portion in which no charged particles are present. At this time, all of the remaining portions, that is, the concentric rings 2, 3, 2-1, and 3-1, are portions where light is blocked by attracting the charged particles by applying a positive voltage.

When a negative voltage is applied to the concentric ring 2 to widen the aperture of the iris, a negative voltage is applied to the circle 1-1 and the concentric ring 2-1 at the upper end.

The aperture diameter of the diaphragm reaches the outer periphery of the concentric ring 2-1 due to the concentric ring 2-1 having an outer diameter greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the gap 20 around the lower concentric ring 2. Even in this case, the interval 20 of the outer periphery of the concentric ring 2 of the lower plate is covered by the area of the concentric ring 2-1 of the upper plate so as to exclude the charged particles and form an opening. A negative voltage is applied to the wiring portions connected to the circle 1 and the concentric rings 2 and the opening portion of the concentric rings 2 through which the wiring portions pass is also covered by the area of the concentric rings 2-1.

On the other hand, the distance 11 between the circle 1-1 of the upper plate and the concentric ring 2-1 is covered by the concentric ring 2 of the lower plate and the distance between the concentric ring 2-1 and the concentric ring 3- 1 are covered by the concentric rings 3 of the lower plate and the wiring portions connected to the circles 1-1 and the concentric rings 2-1 and the concentric rings 2-1 through which the concentric rings 2-1 pass, Is also covered by the concentric rings 2 and 3 of the lower plate.

1 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode with a circle and a concentric ring. It can be easily seen that the spacing portions are configured to be shifted from each other.

By filling the charged particles with a medium between the upper plate and the lower plate thus constructed, it is possible to perfectly control the aperture diameter electrically and to realize an electron iris free from the scattering of light due to wiring or insulation intervals.

In the above, the charged particle mixing medium may include fullerenes, inorganic particles such as carbon black, organic particles such as polystyrene, materials in which the particles are charged to such particles, or any other color that can be charged.

Further, the charged particles are mixed with an organic medium such as liquid crystal or oil to form a mixed medium, and the oil may be various oils such as silicone oil, olive oil and the like.

That is, in the case of this embodiment, liquid crystal and charged fullerene derivative (fullerene + polystyrene) are contained in the inside of the electron-withdrawing cell composed of the upper and lower plates, liquid crystals form liquid medium of about 10% to 90% Containing about 90% to 10% of solid medium to form a mixed medium as a whole. When a direct current voltage is applied to the electrode contacting this mixed medium, the liquid crystal is changed from the vertical alignment to the horizontal alignment or from the horizontal alignment to the vertical alignment, and the fullerene derivative moves to the electrode and the opening / closing operation of the aperture diaphragm is performed.

An electromagnetic diaphragm module filled with a medium between the upper plate and the lower plate is sealed, and the end of the wiring is connected to the electrode pad and connected to the power source and driven as an electromagnetic diaphragm.

Figure 2 shows an electronic iris configuration designed with seven concentric rings.

The electrodes of the upper plate and the lower plate are formed as described in FIG. 1, but the number of concentric rings is increased to control the diaphragm aperture in various ways.

Fig. 3 shows the waveform of the applied voltage for driving the electromagnetic diaphragm.

Since the charged particles are likely to be charged by (-), the voltage for applying the repulsive force is set to a direct current voltage of 8 V, and the voltage for forming the portion for blocking light by introducing charged particles by attraction is 0 to 8 V. The figures are illustrative and not restrictive.

In the above, the driving voltage may be a DC (phase in Fig. 3) or a DC pulse (in Fig. 3). The pulse voltage can achieve the same iris driving effect without applying a constant voltage, which prolongs the lifetime of the electrode and the charged particle.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as described. It is therefore to be understood that the embodiments described above are in all respects illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

1: won
1-1: Yuan
2, 3, 2-1, 3-1: concentric rings
10, 11, 20, 21: Interval

Claims (5)

As an electronic iris,
A top plate and a bottom plate made of a transparent substrate;
A transparent electrode formed on the upper plate and the lower plate; And
And charged particles charged between the transparent electrode of the upper plate and the lower plate,
The transparent electrodes formed on the upper plate and the lower plate, respectively,
Center circle;
At least one open concentric ring concentric with the circle and formed on the outside of the circle;
A wiring portion extending from the circle and each of the open concentric rings outwardly of the concentric ring;
An interval in which the circle and the open concentric rings maintain an insulated state from each other; And
And an opening formed in each concentric ring so that the wiring portion maintains an insulating state and passes through the open concentric ring,
The wiring portion is formed in a straight line, the wiring portions formed on the upper plate and the wiring portions formed on the lower plate are arranged side by side,
When the upper plate and the lower plate are aligned to face each other, the wiring portion formed on the upper plate is covered by the circle and the concentric ring area portion formed on the lower plate, and the wiring portion formed on the lower plate is covered by the circle formed on the upper plate and the concentric ring area portion The gap formed between the circular and concentric rings formed in the lower plate and the openings formed in the concentric rings are covered by the circle formed in the upper plate and the concentric ring area and the space formed between the circular and concentric rings formed on the upper plate, The opening formed in the ring is constituted to be covered by the circle formed in the lower plate and the concentric ring area,
Wherein the electromagnetic iris is driven by applying a voltage capable of applying a repulsive force to the charged particles in a circular or concentric circular transparent electrode of the upper plate and the lower plate disposed at a portion where the aperture of the electromagnetic diaphragm is to be opened. The electromagnetic diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein a voltage which exerts a force on the charged particles or a voltage is not applied to the concentric ring transparent electrode located at a position other than the opening diameter of the electromagnetic diaphragm. The method of claim 1, wherein the charged particles are mixed with a liquid medium or an organic medium containing oil to form a mixed medium, and the charged particles include inorganic particles including fullerene or carbon black, organic particles including polystyrene, ≪ / RTI > wherein the material comprises a material to which a chargeable derivative is bound. The electromagnetic diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic iris drive voltage is a direct current or a direct current pulse. The electromagnetic diaphragm according to claim 1, wherein the openings formed in the concentric rings of the upper plate and the openings formed in the concentric rings of the lower plate are arranged concentrically and coaxially, respectively.

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