KR101969059B1 - Multi-purposed apparatus of treating biomass for producing biomass-derived useful products - Google Patents

Abstract

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for treating biomass to obtain various useful products, and more particularly, to a biomass treatment method for treating biomass introduced in a single reactor to produce biomass-derived useful products including pretreatment biomass, glycation products and bioethanol To a multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus for producing useful products derived from biomass and a method for producing useful products using the biomass treatment apparatus.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a multi-purposed apparatus for treating biomass-derived useful products,

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for treating biomass to obtain various useful products, and more specifically, to a biomass treatment method for treating biomass introduced in a single reactor to produce biomass-derived useful products including biomass pretreatment products, glycosylated products and bioethanol To a multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus for producing useful products derived from biomass and a method for producing useful products using the biomass treatment apparatus.

A number of techniques for biomass pretreatment have been studied for the purpose of producing a substrate that can be hydrolyzed quickly and efficiently to form fermentable sugars from biomass. Generally, the conventional biomass pretreatment processes include steam explosion, alkali treatment, sulfur dioxide treatment, hydrogen peroxide treatment, supercritical ammonia treatment, weak acid treatment, and ammonia freeze-thawing. Among these pretreatment methods, weak acid pretreatment methods and steam explosion pretreatment methods have been extensively studied and are now considered as excellent pretreatment methods. Both processes can effectively dissolve hemicellulose, but it is somewhat ineffective for lignin removal.

On the other hand, there are many problems in the enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated biomass. That is, the conditions necessary for the pretreatment of biomass are different from the optimal conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis is usually carried out at a pH of about 4 to 6.5 and a temperature condition of about 30 to 55 ° C, but the biomass pretreatment method is generally too acidic and too hot compared to enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. The yeast-based enzyme reaction is typically carried out at a temperature of, for example, about 28 ° C to 40 ° C, and the thermophilic bacterium-based enzyme hydrolysis can proceed at a temperature as high as about 80 ° C and is based on mesophilic bacteria Enzymatic hydrolysis occurs at a temperature of about 20 째 C to about 45 째 C.

Moreover, conventional reactors used for continuous hydrolysis of the enzymes (in which there is an injection stream and a discharge stream and the reaction vessel is kept constant) require a large tank with an expensive and powerful impeller to mix the enzyme with the slurry , Enzymatic hydrolysis or liquefaction of biomass requires tens of hours (typically more than 24 hours) when mixed in large tanks.

In addition, the pretreated biomass must be cooled to a temperature suitable for enzymatic hydrolysis. For example, the pretreated biomass may be removed from the high temperature (e.g., 100 占 폚) to substantially the cooling system temperature (e.g., 20 占 폚 to 65 占 폚) during discharge of the pretreatment vessel prior to entering the reaction vessel for enzymatic hydrolysis Lt; 0 > C).

Due to these various problems, it is almost impossible to obtain a useful product with high efficiency by glycation and fermentation successively after pretreatment of biomass according to the conventional biomass treatment devices.

1. Patent Registration No. 10-097721 2. Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0041666

The inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention by developing a technique for obtaining a pre-treatment biomass by pretreatment of a biomass, followed by saccharification and fermentation sequentially to obtain useful products with higher efficiency.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a biomass treatment method capable of mass-producing biomass by mass-producing a useful product by saccharification and fermentation in the same reactor in which pretreatment has been performed without transferring pretreated biomass obtained by pretreating biomass to a saccharification tank or the like In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-purpose biomass treatment apparatus with a novel structure capable of obtaining useful products obtained from biomass with high efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a multipurpose biomass treatment method capable of obtaining at least one of pre-treated biomass, glycosylated product, and fermented product, which are useful products obtained by treating biomass through a multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus .

The object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and although not explicitly mentioned, the object of the invention which can be recognized by a person skilled in the art from the description of the detailed description of the invention .

In order to accomplish the objects of the present invention, first, the present invention provides a reactor comprising: a reactor in which biomass and a solvent are charged and processed; A heat exchanger connected to the reactor and the first connecting member to heat or cool the solvent introduced into the reactor to provide the heated or cooled solvent to the reactor; A circulator which is installed between the reactor and the heat exchanger and circulates the solvent heated or cooled by the heat exchanger along the first connection member at a heat exchange knob with the reactor; And a cooler connected by the reactor and the second connecting member to collect gaseous solvent vaporized in the reactor and to liquefy the collected solvent to provide the reactor with the biomass, To obtain at least one of a pretreatment biomass, a biomass glycosylation product, and a biomass fermentation product.

In a preferred embodiment, the reactor comprises a body defining a closed rectangular interior space; A lid provided on an upper end or a side wall of the main body to open and close the inner space; A plurality of discharge ports formed on a lower portion or a side wall of the main body including a first discharge port connected to the first connection member and a second discharge port connected to the second connection member; And a plurality of injection ports formed on an upper portion or a side wall of the main body including a first injection port connected to the first connection member and a second injection port connected to the second connection member.

In a preferred embodiment, the main body further includes an injury preventing means installed on the inner space so that the biomass floating on the solvent is immersed in the solvent.

In a preferred embodiment, the float prevention means includes a plurality of fixing members protruding in parallel with the ground on the side wall of the main body and formed at a predetermined interval; And a porous member fixed to cover the horizontal section of the inner space detachably to the fixing member.

In a preferred embodiment, the flotage prevention means comprises a flotage prevention member having the same shape as the horizontal cross-section of the inner space, the flotation prevention member having a size and a porosity capable of moving up and down in the inner space; And a height adjusting member whose one end is fixed to the central portion of the upper surface of the flotation preventing member and whose other end is fixed to the center side of the body upper end portion and is adjustable in the vertical direction in parallel with the side wall.

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a filtering member for filtering the solvent discharged from the reactor to the first connecting member through the first outlet.

In a preferred embodiment, the first connecting member includes a first tubular member connecting a first outlet for discharging the solvent to the outside of the reactor and the heat exchanger, and a solvent having passed through the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger are injected into the reactor And a second tubular member connecting the first injection port.

In a preferred embodiment, the first tubular member is further provided with a first opening / closing member which is installed in proximity to a portion connected to the heat exchanger and can open / close the first tubular member.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the first tubular members is provided at a front end of a portion where the first opening and closing member is provided, and at least one discharge member discharging the solvent through the first tubular member to the outside.

In a preferred embodiment, the discharge member comprises a first discharge member for discharging the saccharification product or the fermentation product from the solvent passing through the first tubular member, a second discharge member for discharging the pre-treatment solvent out of the solvent passing through the first tubular member, A discharge member, and a third discharge member for discharging the wash water in the solvent passing through the first tubular member.

In a preferred embodiment, the first discharge member is connected to a final product recovery tank for obtaining the saccharified product or the fermented product, and the second discharge member is connected to a pretreatment solvent tank for storing the pretreatment solvent, 3 discharge member is connected to a waste tank or a purifier for treating the wash water.

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises pumping means for retransmitting the pretreatment solvent from the pretreatment solvent tank to the heat exchanger through the first tubular member.

In a preferred embodiment, the discharge member is a tubular member connected to the first tubular member and provided on one end side adjacent to the first tubular member, and includes an opening / closing control valve for regulating opening / closing with the first tubular member .

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a wash water storage tank or a water pipe connected to the inlet of the reactor to supply wash water into the reactor.

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises an enzyme storage tank connected to the inlet of the reactor to supply the enzyme into the reactor, and a buffer storage tank for supplying the buffer.

In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a yeast storage tank connected to the inlet of the reactor to supply yeast into the reactor.

In a preferred embodiment, a third tubular member connecting the second outlet to the outside with the cooler, and a fourth tubular member connecting the cooler and the second injection port into which the solvent cooled by the cooler is injected, .

In a preferred embodiment, a flow rate control means for controlling the flow of the solvent discharged or introduced through the discharge port or the injection port formed in the reactor is further provided outside the reactor adjacent to the discharge port or the injection port.

In a preferred embodiment, when the biomass treatment conditions including the reaction temperature, the solvent amount, and the reaction time are set according to the biomass introduced into the reactor, the reactor, the heat exchanger, the circulator, the cooler, And a controller for controlling each component including the means for processing the biomass.

The present invention also provides a process for producing a biodegradable polymer, comprising: introducing a biomass and a pretreatment solvent into a reactor; Transporting the pretreatment solvent to a heat exchanger along a first connecting member connecting the reactor and the heat exchanger and raising the temperature inside the reactor to a reaction temperature through a circulation process of re-transporting the pretreated solvent heated in the heat exchanger to the reactor ; A pretreatment step of pre-treating the biomass with a pretreatment solvent at the reaction temperature; Removing the pretreatment solvent through the first outlet of the reactor and recovering the pretreatment solvent to the pretreatment solvent storage tank when the pretreatment reaction is completed; And washing or recovering the pretreated biomass obtained in the reactor.

In a preferred embodiment, the step of washing the pretreatment biomass obtained in the reactor comprises the steps of: supplying wash water to the reactor from which the pretreatment solvent has been discharged; Circulating the supplied washing water between the reactor and the heat exchanger to wash the pretreated biomass; And discharging the washing water from the reactor when the washing of the pretreatment biomass is completed, and transporting the washing water to a waste tank or a purification tank.

In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: supplying an enzyme and a buffer to a reactor in which the washed pretreatment biomass is present; The enzyme and the buffer solution are transported to the heat exchanger along the first linking member and the enzyme and buffer heated in the heat exchanger are transported to the reactor again to increase the temperature inside the reactor to the reaction temperature, Glycation reaction of the pretreatment biomass; And discharging the saccharified product from the reactor when the saccharification reaction is completed, thereby obtaining a biomass saccharified product into a final product recovery tank.

In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: supplying the enzyme, buffer and yeast to a reactor in which the washed pretreatment biomass is present; The temperature of the inside of the reactor is raised to the reaction temperature by circulating the enzyme, the buffer and the yeast mixed solution through the first connecting member to the heat exchanger, and circulating the enzyme, buffer and yeast mixture heated in the heat exchanger to the reactor again And simultaneously subjecting the pretreated biomass to the simultaneous saccharification fermentation reaction while maintaining the reaction temperature; And discharging the biomass fermentation product from the reactor when the simultaneous saccharification fermentation reaction is completed, thereby obtaining a biomass fermentation product as a final product recovery tank.

According to the above-described multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus of the present invention, the pretreated biomass obtained by pretreating the biomass can be saccharified and fermented in the same reactor in which the pretreatment has been carried out without moving the biomass separately to the saccharification tank or the like, Not only biomass treatment is possible but also useful products obtained from the biomass can be obtained with high efficiency.

According to the multi-purpose biomass processing method of the present invention, at least one of the pre-processed biomass, glycation product and fermentation product, which are available products obtained by processing the biomass through a multi-purpose biomass processing apparatus of a new structure, Can be obtained.

These technical advantages of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical scope, and even if not explicitly mentioned, the effect of the invention which can be recognized by a person skilled in the art from the description of the concrete contents for carrying out the invention Of course.

1 is a schematic view of a multipurpose biomass processing apparatus for biomass processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A and 2B are specific examples of the reactor of the multipurpose biomass processing apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a process for obtaining a biomass saccharified product or a biomass fermentation product from a biomass as a final product in the multipurpose biomass processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a process in which the temperature of the reactor is gradually increased by operating the heat exchanger during the pretreatment reaction in the multi-purpose biomass treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and then gradually cooled.
FIG. 5 is a graph of results obtained in the pretreatment as in Example 1 using the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus shown in FIG.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Also, in certain cases, there may be a term selected arbitrarily by the applicant, in which case the meaning thereof will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding invention. Accordingly, the terms used in the present invention should not be construed to be mere terms, but should be interpreted based on the ordinary meanings of the terms and contents described throughout the specification of the present invention. In particular, where the use of the terms " about ", " substantially " or " about " is used, it can be interpreted that the manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated meanings are used in the numerical value or in close proximity to the numerical value .

Hereinafter, the technical structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Like reference numerals used to describe the present invention throughout the specification denote like elements.

The technical feature of the present invention is that the pretreated biomass obtained by pretreating the biomass is not separately transported to a saccharification tank and the saccharification and fermentation process is performed in the same reactor in which the pretreatment has been carried out to produce fermentation products including glycosylated products and bioethanol The present invention relates to a multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus and a multipurpose biomass treatment method having a structure capable of mass production of biomass-derived useful products.

Accordingly, the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a reactor in which biomass and a solvent are introduced and processed; A heat exchanger connected to the reactor and the first connecting member to heat or cool the solvent introduced into the reactor to provide the heated or cooled solvent to the reactor; A circulator which is installed between the reactor and the heat exchanger and circulates the solvent heated or cooled by the heat exchanger along the first connection member at a heat exchange knob with the reactor; And a cooler connected to the reactor and the second connecting member to collect the gaseous solvent vaporized in the reactor and liquefy the collected solvent to the reactor.

In addition, the method for treating a multipurpose biomass of the present invention comprises the steps of injecting a biomass and a pretreatment solvent into a reactor; Transporting the pretreatment solvent to a heat exchanger along a first connecting member connecting the reactor and the heat exchanger and raising the temperature inside the reactor to a reaction temperature through a circulation process of re-transporting the pretreated solvent heated in the heat exchanger to the reactor ; A pretreatment step of pre-treating the biomass with a pretreatment solvent at the reaction temperature; Removing the pretreatment solvent through the first outlet of the reactor and recovering the pretreatment solvent to the pretreatment solvent storage tank when the pretreatment reaction is completed; And washing or recovering the pretreatment biomass obtained in the reactor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A detailed description will be given of specific embodiments according to the present invention with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multipurpose biomass processing apparatus for biomass processing according to one aspect of the present invention. FIGS. 2a and 2b are views showing a concrete implementation of a reactor of the multipurpose biomass processing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the process of obtaining a biomass saccharified product or a biomass fermentation product as a final product from the biomass in the multipurpose biomass processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the multipurpose biomass processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a measurement graph showing the process in which the heat exchanger is operated during the pretreatment reaction in the biomass treatment device to raise the temperature of the reactor and then gradually cool down. FIG. 5 is a graph of results obtained in the pretreatment as in Example 1 using the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1, the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a reactor 110, a heat exchanger 120, a circulator 130, and a cooler 140. The reactor 110 and the heat exchanger 120 are connected to each other by a first tubular member 151 and a second tubular member 155 constituting the first connecting member 150 and the reactor 110 and the cooler 140 Are connected by the third tubular member 161 and the fourth tubular member 162 constituting the second linking member 160. [ As shown in the drawing, a plurality of tanks for storing various materials to be supplied to the reactor 110 are connected to the reactor 110, and a plurality of tanks for storing or disposing different emissions discharged from the reactor 110 And may be connected to and installed on the tubular member 120.

The reactor 110 is a place where pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of biomass takes place because it provides a space where the biomass and the solvent are input and processed. 2A and 2B, the reactor 110 includes a body 111, a lid 112, an outlet, an inlet, and a filtration member 115. In particular, although the reactor 110 may be a generally known chamber structure, the pretreatment reaction proceeds at atmospheric pressure in the present invention, so that there is an advantage that it is not necessary to use an expensive pressure vessel.

The main body 111 may perform any function of providing a space in which pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of biomass may occur. Therefore, the main body 111 may be any type of cylindrical structure as long as it forms a closed rectangular interior space.

If necessary, the main body 111 may further include an injury preventing means provided on the inner space. The anti-float means is a component that causes the biomass floating on the solvent to remain immersed in the solvent. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the floating member 116 and the porous member 117, Prevention means can be formed. The fixing member 116 is a member for fixing the porous member 117 and is formed to protrude from the side wall of the main body 111 in parallel with the paper surface. The fixing member 116 includes a plurality of porous members 117, May be installed on the inner space of the main body 111 so as to have different heights. The porous member 117 is detachably fixed to the fixing member 116 and is a component for preventing the biomass from rising upward during the process of pretreatment, saccharification or fermentation of the biomass in the reactor 110. Therefore, the porous member 117 is inserted into the reactor 110 so as to cover a horizontal section of the internal space of the main body 111, that is, a section perpendicular to the side wall of the internal space, The shape of the perforated plate is not limited. However, as shown in FIG. 2C, the perforated plate-like structure may be folded by forming at least one hinge structure in the middle, and the cover portion 112 To the fixing member 116 having different heights depending on the amount of the biomass.

As another embodiment of the injury preventing means, an injury preventing means including the injury preventing member 118 and the height adjusting member 119 as shown in FIG. 2B may be formed. The flotage prevention member 118 may be a plate-like shape having a size and a porosity that is the same as the horizontal cross-section of the inner space of the main body 111 and has a diameter capable of moving up and down in the inner space. The height adjusting member 119 is for adjusting the height at which the float preventing member 118 is positioned in the internal space of the main body 111. One end of the height adjusting member 119 is fixed to the center portion of the upper surface of the float preventing member 118, The end portion may be a known technical structure having a structure that is fixed to the center side of the upper end portion of the main body 111 and has a length adjustable by a power such as a motor in a vertical direction parallel to the side wall of the main body 111. [ As an example, a hydraulic cylinder structure may be used for the height adjustment member 119.

The lid part 112 is provided with an internal space of the main body 111 in which components such as a pretreatment solvent necessary for pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of biomass, as well as biomass, to be. Therefore, the lid part 112 can be installed on the upper end or the side wall of the main body 111 without limitation of the shape, as long as the lid part 112 can open and close the inner space of the main body 111. 2d, the lid portion 112 may be formed in the main body 111, and the lid portion 112 may be integrally formed with the main body 111, The biomass may be manually supplied to the inner space of the reactor 110 and may be automatically opened and closed by a control unit if necessary to automatically supply biomass through the conveyor belt Of course.

The outlet is a component that performs a function of discharging various reactants obtained in the course of performing the pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of the biomass in the reactor 110 to the outside of the reactor 110. In the first connection member 150, A first outlet 113a connected to the first tubular member 151, a second outlet 113b connected to the third tubular member 161 of the second connecting member 160, and a solid outlet A plurality of holes may be formed on the lower or side wall of the main body 110, including the outlet. The first outlet 113a is connected to the first connection member 150 to discharge the solvent present in the reactor 110 to the outside of the reactor 110. Therefore, 110, respectively. The solvent discharged from the reactor 110 through the second outlet 113b may be in a vaporized state so that the second outlet 113b may be formed in the upper portion of the sidewall of the reactor 110 have. The reactor 110 may be closed while at least one of the pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation is performed in the reactor 110 and the flow rate of the solvent discharged through the first outlet 113a or the second outlet 113b may be controlled. The flow rate can be controlled through the opening and closing of the first outlet 113a adjacent to the first connection member 150 to the outside of the reactor 110 for the purpose of controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant or the second outlet 113b adjacent to the second connection member 160, Such as a valve for controlling the flow rate through the opening and closing of the flow control means 170.

The injection port is a component that performs a function of injecting a substance necessary for performing the pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of biomass into the reactor 110 from the outside of the reactor 110 in the reactor 110, The liquid or gaseous material may be introduced into the reactor 110, unlike the lid portion 112 that is formed in the reactor 110. The inlet has a first inlet 114a connected to the second tubular member 155 of the first connecting member 150 and a second inlet 114b connected to the fourth tubular member 162 of the second connecting member 160 And a plurality of injection ports for injecting a substance necessary for performing the pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation processes, and may be formed on the upper or side wall of the main body 110. Particularly, the first inlet 114a is connected to the second tubular member 155 through the first tubular member 151 and the second tubular member 155 in a state where the solvent discharged from the reactor 110 is heated or cooled in the heat exchanger 120 through the first tubular member 151 And then reintroduced into the reactor 110 again. The second inlet 114b is connected to the fourth tubular member 162 so that the gas phase solvent discharged from the reactor 110 to the outside is cooled by the cooler 140 through the third tubular member 161, And then reintroduced into the reactor 110 again. A plurality of injection ports for injecting substances necessary for performing the pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation processes are connected to a washing water storage tank 194 or a water pipe, an enzyme storage tank 195, a buffer storage tank 196, a yeast storage tank 197, Can be connected. In the case of the injection port, the reactor 110 is sealed while the at least one reaction between the pretreatment, the saccharification and the fermentation is performed in the reactor 110, and a valve such as a valve is connected to the outside of the reactor 110 to control the flow rate injected through the injection port. It is needless to say that the flow rate control means 170 may be further provided.

The filtration member 115 is a component capable of filtering the substance discharged from the reactor 110 through the first outlet 113a to the outside thereof, that is, the first connection member 150. In one embodiment, the filtration member 117 Can be discharged through the first connecting member 150 which is outside the reactor 110. [ The filter member 115 may be installed around the first outlet 113a so that the filter member 115 has a diameter that is a certain distance from the first outlet 113a as shown in FIG. The solvent discharged through the first outlet 113a can be prevented from being stagnated. When the filtration member 115 is installed around the first outlet 113a, it is necessary to perform the circulation of the substance discharged to the outside of the reactor 110 during or after the biomass pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation process performed in the reactor 110 It is possible to prevent the passage of the biomass and the like and to circulate the solvent of the pretreatment solvent or the washing water through the first connection member 150 as well as to recover the solvent of the pretreatment solvent or to obtain the final product It is possible to prevent the impurities from being mixed with each other.

The heat exchanger 120 is a component that is connected to the reactor 110 and the first connecting member 150 and performs a function of heating or cooling the solvent introduced into the reactor 110 and providing the solvent to the reactor 110. The heat exchanger 120 used in the present invention performs heat, cooling, and condensing functions by causing the heat contained in the solvent to be transferred between the cooling water, the air, and the solvent through the heat transfer surface having a tube or plate shape. A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The circulator 130 is installed between the reactor 110 and the heat exchanger 120 to supply a solvent heated or cooled by the heat exchanger 120 to the first connection member 150 ) Of the vehicle. Since the circulator 130 used in the present invention is a pumping means for circulating the solvent discharged from the reactor 110 along the first connection member 150, a pumping means having a known configuration such as a motor can be used A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The cooler 140 is connected to the reactor 110 and the second connecting member 160 to collect the gaseous solvent vaporized in the reactor 110 and to liquefy the collected solvent and provide it to the reactor 110 It is possible to use a cooling device having a known configuration, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The first connection member 150 is a component that connects the reactor 110 and the heat exchanger 120 to form a circulation line between the first and second connection members 150 and 150. The first tubular member 151, And a second tubular member (155). The first tubular member 151 is a component connecting the first outlet 113a for discharging the solvent to the outside of the reactor 110 and the heat exchanger 120. The second tubular member 155 is connected to the heat exchanger 120, And a first injection port 114a through which the solvent that has passed through the heat exchanger 120 is injected into the reactor 110. The tubular member is not limited in its flexibility in shape or length, It can be applied as needed.

At this time, the first tubular member 151 is provided with the first open / close member 152 and the discharge member 153. The first opening and closing member 152 is a component that can be opened and closed by the first tubular member 151 in close proximity to the portion where the first tubular member 151 is connected to the heat exchanger 120, The flow rate of the solvent flowing into the heat exchanger 120 can be controlled through the heat exchanger 152.

The discharge member 153 is installed so as to be connected to the first tubular member 151 at the front end of the first connection member 150 or the first tubular member 151 where the first opening and closing member 152 is installed, One or more components may be formed as a component for discharging the solvent through the member 151 to the outside. That is, various liquid substances, including the solvent discharged from the reactor 110 passing through the first tubular member 151, may be added to the first tubular member 151 before entering the heat exchanger 120 according to need during the pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation process of the biomass, And is a component for discharging the biomass treatment apparatus 100 to the outside of the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus 100 in a state where the opening and closing member 152 is closed.

The discharge member 153 may include a connection pipe 153a which is a tubular member vertically penetratingly connected to the first tubular member 151 and a connection pipe 153b which is adjacent to the first tubular member 151 of the connection pipe 153a And an opening / closing control valve 153b for controlling the opening and closing of the through portion connected to the first tubular member 151.

As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge member 153 may include a first discharge member 153c, a second discharge member 153d, and a third discharge member 153e, The first discharge member 153c, the second discharge member 153d and the third discharge member 153e are all connected to the connection pipe 153a except for the component connected to the one tubular member 151 and the other end not adjacent to the first tubular member 151. [ And an opening / closing control valve 153b. Since the first discharge member 153c is a component for discharging the saccharified product or the fermentation product from the solvent passing through the first tubular member 151, the first discharge member 153c is connected to the connection pipe 153a ) May be connected to the final product recovery tank 191 that obtains the glycation product or the fermentation product. Since the second discharge member 153d is a component for discharging the pretreatment solvent in the solvent passing through the first tubular member 151, the other end of the connection tube 153a, which is not adjacent to the first tubular member 151, And may be connected to a pretreatment solvent tank 192 for storing a pretreatment solvent. Since the third discharge member 153e is a component for discharging the washing water in the solvent passing through the first tubular member 151, the other end of the connecting tube 153a, which is not adjacent to the first tubular member 151, A waste tank 193 or a purging device which processes the waste water.

The apparatus may further include a pumping means for retransmitting the pretreated solvent recovered and stored from the pretreatment solvent tank 192 to the heat exchanger 120 through the first tubular member 151 although not shown.

The second connecting member 160 also connects the reactor 110 and the cooler 140 as described above to form a circulation line so that the gas in the gaseous state is introduced between the two, And includes a third tubular member 161 and a fourth tubular member 162 as components. The third tubular member 161 is a component connecting the second outlet 113b for discharging the vaporized solvent to the outside of the reactor 110 and the cooler 140, And a second injection port 114b through which the liquefied solvent is injected into the reactor 110. The tubular member is not limited in its flexibility in shape or length, The configuration can be applied as required.

If the biomass treatment conditions including the reaction temperature, the solvent amount, and the reaction time are set according to the type and content of the biomass to be fed into the reactor 110, the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus 100 including the above- A controller for controlling the respective components including the reactor 110, the heat exchanger 120, the circulator 130, the cooler 140, and the flow rate control means 170 according to the preset conditions to process the biomass . As a result, the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus 100 of the present invention is controlled through the controller to perform one or more processes of pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation of biomass according to the intention of the user, so that the pretreatment biomass, biomass saccharification product, Mass fermentation products. The operation of the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus can be implemented manually or semiautomatically according to the setting of the controller, but can also be implemented completely automatically.

A multipurpose biomass treatment method capable of obtaining a pretreatment biomass, a biomass glycosylation product, and a biomass fermentation product from biomass using the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the biomass and the pretreatment solvent are introduced into the reactor 110 (S1). The feed of biomass and pretreatment solvent into the reactor 110 may be done manually but the control of the controller causes the lid 112 of the reactor 110 to open and the biomass through the conveyor belt connected to the outside of the lid 112 The preprocessing solvent stored in the pretreating solvent tank 192 is supplied to the first inlet 114a through the first connection member 150 and the second inlet 150a through the first connection member 150. [ And then introduced into the reactor 110. Here, the pretreatment solvent includes a carboxylic acid and a hydrogen peroxide solution, for example, a carboxylic acid and a hydrogen peroxide solution in a molar ratio of 0.5 to 7: 1. At this time, the purity of the carboxylic acid may be 99% or more and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide may be 20% by weight or more.

The pretreating solvent introduced into the reactor 110 is transported to the heat exchanger 120 by the power of the circulator 130 along the first connecting member 150 connecting the reactor 110 and the heat exchanger 120, (S2) through a circulation process of re-transporting the pretreated solvent heated in the reactor 120 to the reactor 110 to raise the temperature inside the reactor to the pretreatment reaction temperature in the range of 80 to 100 degrees. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when the pre-treatment solvent is intermittently heated for 2-3 minutes through the heat exchanger and circulated 2 to 6 times, the reaction temperature is reached within about 30 minutes.

When the inside of the reactor 110 reaches the pretreatment reaction temperature, a first outlet 113a connected to the first connection member 150 and a flow rate regulator 113 disposed adjacent to the first inlet 114a are provided to prevent the pre- A pretreatment step S3 is performed in which the biomass is reacted with the heated pretreatment solvent in the reactor 110 to effectively remove lignin, which is an inhibitory factor of the enzyme saccharification contained in the biomass, in the reactor 110. Since the pretreatment reaction step is an exothermic reaction, the temperature inside the reactor 110 can maintain the reaction temperature even if the pretreatment solvent does not circulate. The pretreated solvent vaporized in the reactor 110 is collected by the cooler 140 through the third tubular member 161 of the second connecting member 160 and then cooled to cool the fourth tubular member 162 in a liquid state. To the reactor (110).

After the pre-treatment reaction is completed, the first connecting member is closed through the first opening / closing member (omitted in FIG. 152) provided in the first connecting member 150, The pretreatment solvent can be recovered to the pretreatment solvent tank 192 through the second discharge member 153d by discharging the pretreatment solvent from the reactor 110 by opening the pretreatment solvent 170 in step S4.

When the pretreatment solvent is recovered, only the pretreatment biomass remains in the reactor 110, so that the pretreatment biomass obtained in the reactor 110 can be washed or recovered (S5). That is, it is necessary to discharge the pretreatment biomass obtained from the reactor 110 directly to the outside of the reactor 110 to recover the pretreatment biomass, or to wash the pretreatment biomass to perform saccharification and / or fermentation, ) May be further subjected to a saccharification and / or fermentation process of the washed pretreatment biomass. If necessary, the pretreated biomass may be washed in the reactor 110, and the washed pretreated biomass may be discharged to the outside of the reactor 110 to be recovered. In the washing step, washing water is introduced into the reactor 110, circulated to the heat exchanger 120 using the power of the circulator 130 to clean the pretreatment biomass, and the temperature of the reactor is lowered. More specifically, the discharge port and the injection port except for the discharge port formed in the reactor 110 and the injection port connected to the water discharge tank 194 or the water pipe in the injection port are closed and only the injection port connected to the water discharge tank 194 or the water pipe is adjacent And the flow control valve 170 is closed after the cleaning water is supplied into the reactor 110 by a required amount. When the first outlet 113a and the first inlet 114a are opened and then the circulator 130 is operated, the washing water discharged from the reactor 110 through the first outlet 113a flows into the first connecting member 150 The washing water is circulated through the heat exchanger 120 and the reactor 110 through the first inlet 114a to wash the pretreatment biomass. When the cleaning is completed, all the washing water flowing in the first connecting member with the first outlet 113a closed is collected into the reactor 110 through the first inlet 114a, and then the first inlet 114a and the first opening / After the member 152 is closed, the first outlet 113a is opened to wash the washing water of the pretreatment biomass through the third discharging member 153e to the waste tank 193 or the septic tank. If necessary, the washing step (S5) of the thus-proceeding pretreatment biomass may be performed one or more times.

When washing of the pretreatment biomass is completed, a saccharification reaction for the pretreated biomass washed in the reactor 110 is performed (S6). That is, in the reactor 110 in which the washed pretreatment biomass exists, the flow regulating valve 170 provided outside the inlet port connected to the enzyme storage tank and the buffer storage tank is opened to supply the enzyme and the buffer to the reactor. The first outlet 113a and the first inlet 114a are opened and the circulator 130 is operated to heat the supplied enzyme and the buffer solution to the reaction temperature to transport the enzyme and the buffer solution to the heat exchanger along the first connection member 150 The temperature inside the reactor is raised to the reaction temperature through a circulation process in which the enzyme and the buffer heated in the heat exchanger are re-transported to the reactor 110, and the pre-treatment biomass is subjected to glycation reaction while maintaining the reaction temperature through continuous circulation . After the saccharification reaction is completed, the first outlet 113a of the reactor 110 is closed, and a mixed solution containing an enzyme, a buffer solution, and a biomass saccharified product flowing through the first connection member 150 is supplied through the first inlet 114a The first inlet 114a is closed and the first opening and closing member 152 is closed and then the first outlet 113a is opened so as to obtain a final product through the first discharge member 151c, The final product can be recovered in the tank to yield a biomass saccharified product.

In some cases, when the washing of the pretreatment biomass is completed, the simultaneous saccharification fermentation reaction to the pretreated biomass washed in the reactor 110 can be performed (S7). The simultaneous saccharification fermentation reaction is carried out by opening the flow rate control valve 170 provided outside the enzyme storage tank and the buffer storage tank connected to the buffer storage tank in the reactor 110 in which the pretreated biomass is washed, A flow control valve 170 provided outside the injection port adjacent to the injection port connected to the yeast storage tank is also opened to supply the yeast to the reactor 110 at the same time as supplying the reaction temperature to the reactor 110, ), But the final product can be recovered to the final product-yielding tank to yield a biomass fermentation product, as described above, except that the fermentation temperature is set at a simultaneous saccharification fermentation temperature (about 40 degrees).

Example 1

20 kg of oak wood chips and 80.9 kg of pre-treatment solvent were charged into the reactor of the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus and the pre-treatment reaction was performed within 2 hours as shown in FIG. 5 to obtain 43.0 kg (water content 71.0%) of the pretreated biomass 1, . At this time, the recovery rate of biomass was 62.4%.

Example 2

20 kg of pine chips as a biomass and 80.9 kg of a pretreatment solvent were added to a reactor of a multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus and subjected to a pretreatment reaction for 2 hours and 30 minutes to obtain 53.1 kg (water content 74.1%) of pretreatment biomass 2. At this time, the biomass recovery rate was 68.7%.

Example 3

20 kg of rice straw and 80.9 kg of pretreatment solvent were added to the reactor of the multipurpose biomass treatment apparatus and pretreated for 2 hours and 30 minutes to obtain 65.3 kg of pre-treatment biomass 3 (water content 76.6%). At this time, the recovery rate of biomass was 76.4%.

Experimental Example 1

The chemical components of the pretreatment biomass 1 to 3 obtained in Examples 1 to 3 were analyzed and the results are shown in Table 1.

%  Glucose Xylose Mannose Arabinose Lignin Ash Example 1 63.5 21.5 2.0 0.3 5.2 0.2 Example 2 74.0 7.2 12.4 0.4 0.9 0.1 Example 3 47.1 28.0 0.2 0.4 1.9 0.2

Table 1 shows that the lignin content in the pretreatment biomass obtained after pretreatment of the herbaceous system biomass as well as the tree system was reduced in the biomass of the present invention, .

Example 4

After the pretreatment biomass 1 obtained in Example 1 was washed, an enzyme and a buffer were added to the reactor, and the saccharification process was performed to obtain the enzyme hydrolyzate 1. The enzyme feed was treated with 10 FPU / g biomass of cellulase and 200 IU / g biomass of xylanase.

Example 5

The enzyme hydrolyzed glycosylated liquid 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the pretreatment biomass 2 obtained in Example 2 was used.

Example 6

The same procedure as in Example 4 was carried out except that the pretreatment biomass 3 obtained in Example 3 was used to obtain an enzyme hydrolyzed glycoside 3.

Experimental Example 2

The contents of the biosugars contained in the enzymatic hydrolysates 1 to 3 obtained in Examples 4 to 6 were analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2.

kg  Glucose Xylose Example 4 7.1 2.0 Example 5 9.0 1.1 Example 6 5.5 2.1

Example 7

After washing the pretreatment biomass 1 obtained in Example 1, the enzyme, the buffer and the yeast were added to the reactor, and the simultaneous saccharification step was performed to obtain the co-saccharified fermentation broth 1. At this time, the enzyme input was treated with 10 FPU / g biomass of cellulase and 200 IU / g biomass of xylanase, and 10% of total yeast saccharification fermentation broth was added to the yeast culture.

Example 8

The simultaneous saccharified fermentation broth 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the pretreatment biomass 2 obtained in Example 2 was used.

Example 9

A simultaneous saccharified fermentation broth 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the pretreatment biomass 3 obtained in Example 3 was used.

Experimental Example 3

The content of bioethanol obtained in the simultaneous saccharified fermentation broths 1 to 3 obtained in Examples 7 to 9 was analyzed and the results are shown in Table 3. [

% Bio-ethanol (L) Example 7 4.4 Example 8 5.7 Example 9 3.4

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, Various changes and modifications will be possible.

100: Multipurpose biomass processing unit
110: Reactor 111: Body
112: lid portion 113a: first outlet
113b: second outlet 114a: first inlet
114b: second inlet port 115: filtration member
116: fixing member 117: porous member
118: height adjustment member
120: heat exchanger 130: circulator
140: cooler 150: first connecting member
151: first tubular member 152: first opening / closing member
153: discharge member 153a: connection pipe
153b: opening / closing control valve 153c: first discharge member
153d: 2 discharge member 153e: third discharge member
154: pumping means 155: second tubular member
160: second connecting member 161: third tubular member
162: fourth tubular member 170: flow rate adjusting means
191: Final product yield tank
192: Pretreatment solvent tank 193: Waste tank
194: Washing water storage tank 195: Enzyme storage tank
196: Buffer storage tank 197: Yeast storage tank

Claims (19)

A reactor in which biomass and a solvent are introduced and processed;
A heat exchanger connected to the reactor and the first connecting member to heat or cool the solvent introduced into the reactor to provide the heated or cooled solvent to the reactor;
A circulator which is installed between the reactor and the heat exchanger and circulates the solvent heated or cooled by the heat exchanger along the first connection member at a heat exchange knob with the reactor;
A cooler connected to the reactor and a second connecting member to collect gaseous solvent vaporized in the reactor, liquefy the collected solvent, and provide the collected solvent to the reactor;
A washing water storage tank or a water pipe connected to an inlet of the reactor to supply wash water into the reactor;
An enzyme storage tank connected to an inlet of the reactor to supply the enzyme into the reactor;
A buffer storage tank connected to an inlet of the reactor to supply the buffer into the reactor; And
And a yeast storage tank connected to an inlet of the reactor to supply yeast into the reactor,
A pretreatment biomass obtained by pretreating the biomass introduced into the reactor at atmospheric pressure, a biomass glycation product obtained by saccharifying the pretreatment biomass, and a biomass fermentation product obtained by fermenting the biomass glycation product are successively obtained in the reactor Wherein the biomass is a biomass.
The method according to claim 1,
The reactor comprises a body defining a closed rectangular interior space; A lid provided on an upper end or a side wall of the main body to open and close the inner space; A plurality of discharge ports formed on a lower portion or a side wall of the main body including a first discharge port connected to the first connection member and a second discharge port connected to the second connection member; And a plurality of injection ports formed on an upper portion or a side wall of the main body, the main injection port including a first injection port connected to the first linking member and a second injection port connected to the second linking member Device.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the main body further comprises injury preventing means installed on the inner space so that the biomass floating on the solvent is immersed in the solvent.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the flotation preventing means comprises a plurality of fixing members protruding in parallel to the paper surface on the side wall of the main body and formed at a predetermined interval; And a porous member fixed to cover the horizontal section of the inner space in a detachable manner to the fixing member.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the flotage prevention means comprises: a flotage prevention member having the same shape as the horizontal cross-section of the inner space, the flotation prevention member having a size and a porosity that allows a vertical movement in the inner space; And a height adjusting member fixed at a center portion of the upper surface of the flotage preventing member and the other end fixed to the center of the upper end of the body and being adjustable in the vertical direction in parallel with the side wall Wherein the biomass treatment device is a multi-purpose biomass treatment device.
3. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising a filtration member for filtering the solvent discharged from the reactor to the first connection member through the first discharge port.
The method according to claim 1,
The first connection member connects a first tubular member connecting the heat exchanger with a first discharge port for discharging the solvent to the outside of the reactor, and a first injection port through which the solvent passed through the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger is injected into the reactor Wherein the first tubular member comprises a second tubular member.
8. The method of claim 7,
Further comprising a first opening / closing member installed adjacent to a portion of the first tubular member connected to the heat exchanger and capable of opening and closing the first tubular member.
9. The method of claim 8,
Further comprising at least one discharge member provided at a front end of a portion of the first tubular member where the first openable and closable member is provided to discharge the solvent passing through the first tubular member to the outside, Device.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the discharging member comprises a first discharging member for discharging the saccharified product or the fermentation product in the solvent passing through the first tubular member, a second discharging member for discharging the pretreatment solvent in the solvent passing through the first tubular member, And a third discharge member for discharging the washing water in the solvent passing through the one tubular member.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the first discharge member is connected to a final product recovery tank for obtaining the saccharified product or fermented product and the second discharge member is connected to a pretreatment solvent tank for storing the pretreatment solvent, To a waste tank or a purification device for treating the biomass.
11. The method of claim 10,
Further comprising pumping means for retransmitting the pretreatment solvent from the pretreatment solvent tank to the heat exchanger through the first tubular member.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the discharge member is a tubular member connected to the first tubular member and provided at one end side adjacent to the first tubular member for controlling opening and closing with the first tubular member. Mass processing device.
delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second connecting member comprises a third tubular member connecting a second outlet for discharging the solvent vaporized in the reactor to the outside of the reactor and a third tubular member connecting the cooler and a second tubular member connected to the second tubular member for discharging the solvent cooled in the cooler, And a fourth tubular member connecting the injection port.
18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and 17,
Wherein the flow rate regulating means for controlling the flow of the solvent discharged or introduced through the discharge port or the injection port formed in the reactor is further provided outside the reactor adjacent to the discharge port or the injection port.
19. The method of claim 18,
When the biomass treatment conditions including the reaction temperature, the solvent amount, and the reaction time are set according to the biomass introduced into the reactor, the biomass treatment conditions are set according to the preset conditions, and each component including the reactor, heat exchanger, circulator, cooler, Further comprising a controller for controlling the biomass to control the biomass.

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