KR101954068B1 - process for preparing of emulsion oil mixed with livestock urine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing emulsion fuel oil mixed with livestock urine. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing emulsion fuel oil mixed with livestock urine which can reduce fine dust generated during combustion by efficiently mixing bunker C oil and livestock urine so as to increase storage stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a process for preparing emulsion fuel oil,

The present invention relates to a method for producing livestock pumped emulsion fuel oil by efficiently mixing livestock c oil and livestock pneumonia to improve storage stability, thereby reducing fine dust generated during combustion .

Since the 1960s, rapid industrialization and high growth of air and water pollution have intensified and the ecosystem has been rapidly changing. This has also had a great impact on the daily living environment.

Among various pollutants, various facilities and methods (microbial, chemical, electromagnetic wave, etc.) have been studied to treat livestock, minnow, and livestock pneumonia. However, in the absence of a complete solution, And the processing burden of the concentrate is increasing.

In particular, pig livestock excreta is a very serious source of pollutants on the basis of biological oxygen demand, and biological oxygen demand can be expressed as the amount needed for degradation of excreta in a non-toxic form. Wastewater from pigs needs BOD greater than 70 times that of human sewage treatment. For example, the excretion of one finishing pig is equal to the amount excreted by at least 2.5 people.

On the other hand, the effect of emulsified fuel in a water-in-oil type (water in oil W / O) mixed with fuel oil and general pure water is already known, and in particular, Emulsion fuels are under constant research.

During the combustion of the liquid fuel, the burner is mixed with the combustion air by burning the liquid fuel at a size of 30 to 100 microns and burned. At this time, the smaller the oil droplets, the better the combustion state. However, the general liquid raw material has a particle diameter of about 50 to 150 microns, which causes a delay in the termination of combustion, which is a cause of soot.

Alternatively, the emulsion fuel is emulsified by mixing water and oil, and emulsion particles of 0.5 to 5 microns are dispersed in the spray particles upon spraying. The emulsion particles are rapidly expanded due to heating and evaporation of water in the emulsion at the start of ignition combustion The particles are ruptured and expanded to a volume of about 6,000 times to form fine particles. The surface area of the particles becomes large, and combustion is terminated uniformly through excessive air combustion, thereby preventing the generation of soot.

However, since oil and water are generally not easily mixed, there are mechanical methods, ultrasonic methods, and emulsifying methods for mixing these two types of liquids.

In the method of using the emulsifier, the emulsifier mainly facilitates the mixing of oil and water as a surfactant, and also suppresses the phenomenon that the dispersed water particles recombine and grow to eventually separate oil and water. In general, as the proportion of the dispersed phase increases, the viscosity increases, so that the ratio of water generally ranges from 10 to 30% by weight.

When the fuel oil is sprayed from the burner, it emits a droplet of about 30 to 100 microns and the fuel oil is heated and the oil on the surface is vaporized and combustion occurs. At the same time, the temperature in the ruins rises and the water vapor explodes explosively, causing the surrounding oil film to rupture and refine. This is referred to as a post-injection action, and the combustion efficiency is increased by the secondary atomization phenomenon, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency and suppressing the generation of contaminants.

There are various emulsifiers developed in various countries in order to obtain such emulsion fuel. However, emulsified emulsion fuel completely separates oil water again over time, and even if emulsification is performed well, It has been experimentally proven that this is a phenomenon that is difficult to achieve an effect as a cursor emulsion fuel.

In order to solve this problem, the present applicant filed an application for emulsion fuels manufactured by mixing urine into Bunker C oil on April 15, 1982 and patented (Patent No. 17265). In this case, emulsion fuel oil was prepared by mixing 5 to 30% by weight of urine in Bunker C oil. When such urine was used, emulsifying action and activity were excellent, but there was a problem in the content of emulsified components contained in urine itself. More specifically, in the case of urine, a large amount of an inorganic substance is contained, and the inorganic matter in the urine reacts with the sulfide to form an inorganic sulfide. The inorganic compound is extremely low in solubility and has a large specific gravity, so that the safety is largely lowered and the size of the colloidized particles grows, thereby forming a harmful precipitate and acting as a dangerous material falling down the burner at the time of spraying. These precipitates acted as an anxiety factor that could cause corrosion in the furnace when the atomizing burner was used for a long time.

In order to solve this problem, the present applicant has developed emulsion fuel oil using animal urine instead of urine, filed it, and has been registered (Korean Patent No. 10-0298469). However, the emulsion fuel oil disclosed in this patent technique has a problem that the storage stability is deteriorated for a long time and the mixing efficiency is lowered during the production process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil with improved mixing efficiency and improved long term storage stability.

According to an aspect of the present invention,

Storing the animal pneumoconiosis in an animal husbandry stock solution collection tank;

Precipitating the stock pancreas stock solution;

Filtering the precipitate, and aging the filtrate at 50 to 60 DEG C for 30 to 48 hours to obtain an aged solution of animal pneumoconiosis; And

Mixing the aging solution with Bunker C oil at 100 to 3000 rpm and mixing to obtain an emulsion fuel oil;

The present invention provides a method for producing livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil.

The method of manufacturing livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil according to the present invention is able to inhibit the inflow of excessive washing water by collecting it separately from the pulmonary component during the production step of the livestock pneumoconiosis and thereby preventing the dilution of the protein enzyme component acting as the emulsifier It is possible to improve the long-term storage stability by suppressing the phenomenon of oil-water separation of the livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil.

Further, by using an impeller having a structure in which rotational resistance is dispersedly arranged in the process of manufacturing the fuel oil, the stirring process can be improved to enable the emulsion formation with a finer structure.

The method of manufacturing livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil of the present invention as described above can reduce the environmental pollution because the livestock pneumonia can be reasonably treated and the cost burden of the livestock farmer can be reduced, It is possible to obtain a fuel saving effect because of good thermal efficiency and to remarkably reduce the generation of soot such as CO, SOx and NOx during combustion.

1 shows an impeller stirring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 shows an example of an impeller provided in the impeller stirring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The method of manufacturing livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil according to the present invention comprises the steps of: storing livestock pneumoconiosis in an animal husbandry stock solution stock tank; Precipitating the stock pancreas stock solution; Filtering the precipitate, and aging the filtrate at 50 to 60 DEG C for 30 to 48 hours to obtain an aged solution of animal pneumoconiosis; And mixing the aging solution with Bunker C oil at 100 to 3000 rpm and mixing to obtain an emulsion fuel oil.

In the production of emulsion fuel oil according to the present invention, livestock pneumoconiosis is used instead of 'water + emulsifier', which corresponds to a representative moisture discharged from a living body. The urine contains insolubles or surplus substances as pests or metabolic products.

For example, the amount of urine excreted by one normal pig in vitro per day is 10 to 14 liters, the specific gravity is 1.003 to 1.030, and the pH is 4.7 to 8.0, which is close to acid and has pale yellow or amber color. If this urine is left untreated, urea turns into ammonia and carbon dioxide becomes alkaline because it is released into the atmosphere.

On the other hand, the urine produced from pigs is relatively low in water separation phenomena and harmful sediments, which is considered to be a role of proteinase, catalase, which is contained in urine. Catalase contained in urine is an enzyme that decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. It is known that one catalase molecule degrades as many as 90,000 hydrogen peroxide molecules in one second.

Protease enzymes, including catalase, contained in the urinary tract can solve the hydrophobicity between water and oil. Protein enzymes with complex structure induce the bond between oil and urine to prevent water separation due to hydrophobicity. It is possible to obtain an emulsion fuel oil present in a colloidal solution state.

However, in general, in the process of collecting urine from livestock pigs, excessive amounts of washing water are introduced to dilute or lose the protein enzyme components that can act as an emulsifier, resulting in a decrease in emulsification function. When the emulsification function of the drainage is deteriorated, bunker C oil and dysuria are separated from the resulting fuel oil (oil separation) and the storage stability is lowered.

In the present invention, in order to improve the long-term storage stability by suppressing the oil-water separation phenomenon of the fuel oil, it is possible to collect the urine before the wash water is introduced by separately separating the urine from the feces and storing it in the collecting tank. The concentration of the protein enzyme component contained in the urine is increased, and the function as the emulsifier is maximized.

In order to separately separate urine from urine in the initial generation step, a facility for separating urine and urine is required. For example, an excel pipeline can be installed to store urine alone in the collection tank. Therefore, the urine is collected before the wash water is introduced.

An emulsion fuel oil is prepared by adding the above-mentioned diuretic to the Bunker C oil, wherein the amount of the urine added is 5 to 50 parts by weight, for example, 5 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the Bunker C oil have. If the content is out of the above range, the fuel efficiency may be lowered and the economical efficiency may be deteriorated or a sufficient emulsion may not be formed.

The emulsion fuel oil of the present invention can be used in all of the common animal pneumoconiosis such as urine and urine in addition to urine, and since the proteinase including the catalase is most abundant in the diuretic, the most desirable Do.

The livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel oil according to the present invention is obtained by storing the livestock pneumoconiosis in a stock tank for collecting livestock poultry and then aging the filtrate obtained by precipitation and filtration to obtain an aged liquid which is then mixed with the Bunker C oil and mixed can do.

Sludge may be generated in the filtration process during the manufacturing process, and the sludge may be used for multipurpose heating because it produces methane gas through aging fermentation. In addition, the excess concentrated sludge can be aged and fermented to produce high quality organic fertilizer and supplied to the plant composition. The waste liquid generated in the sludge concentration process can be recycled into emulsion fuel by flowing into the collecting tank again.

In this aging step, the filtrate obtained through the filtration step is subjected to filtration at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, for example, at 30 to 70 ° C or at a temperature of 50 to 60 ° C for 5 To 100 hours, for example, 30 to 48 hours.

Subsequently, the aging solution is mixed with Bunker C oil, and the mixing speed is preferably 100 to 3000 rpm. This mixing process can be carried out, for example, using an impeller stirring method, and this stirring process can be performed, for example, by an impeller stirring device as shown in Fig.

1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-stage impeller 10 having a plurality of rotary blades, a steam inlet 3, a steam outlet 4, a oil inlet 9, (6) connected by a belt (7) is rotated by a rotary motor (2). And steam is supplied through the steam inlet 3 to adjust the temperature inside the stirring apparatus.

An aged solution of animal pneumoconiosis is added to the agitator and Bunker C oil is added through the oil inlet 9 to obtain an emulsion fuel oil.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the impeller mounted on the stirring device includes, for example, a rotary blade having a multi-stage structure arranged around a drive shaft as shown in Fig. 2, And the vertical rotating blade is arranged upward and downward to efficiently mix the livestock urine and the Bunker C oil. By using the impeller rotation having such a structure, it is possible to reduce the rotational resistance, and in particular, it is possible to adjust the rotational speed by adjusting the electric power supplied to the motor by using the inverter.

According to the conventional impeller agitation method, the initial agitation speed is high, which causes frequent interruption of the impeller due to the resistance of the rotating motor. However, in the present invention, the initial agitation speed is started at 100 rpm by adjusting the speed of the impeller and the inverter having the improved structure The stirring speed can be adjusted from time to time up to 3,000 rpm according to the change in the temperature of the bunker C oil and the pneumoconiosis, thereby preventing a short circuit of the impeller. Further, the emulsion fuel oil having a finer structure Can be obtained.

The emulsion fuel oil thus prepared is stored at room temperature or about 30 캜 and used as fuel for the boiler.

The emulsion fuel oil according to the present invention improves the emulsification performance by increasing the concentration of the protein enzyme component in the livestock wastewater, so that there is no significant decrease in stability even after long-term storage.

The action and effect of the maltose fuel oil in the livestock pneumoconiosis mixing of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

1. Emulsifying effect

In general, the main component of urine is the factor, but the protein content of the enzyme is quite high. When 1000 liters of urine is maintained at pH 8.0, 3 to 4 kg of protein-based precipitate is formed, and its main component is the enzyme.

Protein-based materials can be seen to foam even with slight stirring, which is a simple demonstration of emulsification. Therefore, the emulsification of urine is expected to be an effect of enzymes, and as a result of examination of surfactants, the HLB value of urine is estimated to be about 10 or more.

2. Secondary atomization effect

When water is mixed with fuel, the combustion state is incomplete and the emission of unburnt carbon is increased, and the latent heat and sensible heat of the added water are increased, and the combustion effect is expected to be reduced. However, for emulsion fuels, the combustion effect increases rather than the emission amount of unburned carbon increases in a small engine having a small exhaust amount.

Liquid fuel is generally injected using a burner to facilitate contact with air during combustion. When the fuel is sprayed from the burner, it is scattered to particles of about 30 to 100 microns. The droplets of the injected emulsion fuel are heated to burn the oil on the surface. At the same time, the internal temperature of the boiling water also rises, and the water vapor explosively vaporizes and breaks down before the oil of the shell is completely evaporated and burned. This secondary atomization phenomenon is called post-injection, and its effect is completely different from steam injection of steam jet burner. Here, the primary injector injected from the burner is also referred to as the mother particle and the microparticle generated by the post injection. The process of secondary atomization during the atomizing combustion of emulsion fuel is usually analyzed in three steps: ① Puffing: The phenomenon that water vapor is sprayed relatively slowly is not enough to fry the remains. ② Microexplosion: A phenomenon that emits a large amount of radiant energy with steam and hot water droplets. ③ Disruption: If the microexplosion phenomenon becomes more intense, the entire mother becomes instantly separated into numerous qualifications, and the mother tends to disappear, which tends to be viewed as a microexplosion. Considering the volumetric change in the water volume during the first spray of the emulsion fuel, when water at 20 ° C is 1, it is expanded to about 1,650 times in saturated steam and about 6,000 times in case of superheated steam at 1000 ° C. Such vaporization expansion occurs instantaneously in a high temperature combustion flame, so that explosive phenomenon occurs inside the residue, so that the fuel residue ruptures and is scattered by the shattering. As a result, the fuel oil particles (fuel oil particles) sprayed from the burner nozzles are refined and simultaneously diffused, so that the contact area with the combustion air is increased and the mixing is promoted, so that complete combustion can be achieved even in the excess air. As a result, the thermal efficiency is improved and the high-speed scattering particulates pass through the high-temperature flame in a short period of time, so that it becomes closer to the distribution combustion and the amount of thermal NOx is also reduced.

3. Thermal efficiency increase effect

Water is added to the emulsion fuel, so that the latent heat of vaporization of the additive portion and sensible heat to the exhaust gas temperature are lost. When the emulsion fuel having a water mixing ratio of 15% by weight is burnt, the latent heat of the mixing portion occupies about 0.1% of the fuel consumption when the discharge temperature of the exhaust gas is 200 ° C. Therefore, in order for the thermal efficiency of the emulsion fuel to increase, it is necessary to have a larger combustion effect. The emulsion fuel can obtain the safety of the combustion state and the complete combustion state due to the post-injection phenomenon. However, the direct increase in the thermal efficiency due to the increase in the combustion efficiency can be increased up to 30%. The greater thermal efficiency synergistic effect is more indirectly influenced by post-injection phenomenon. The main reason for the increase of the boiler efficiency of the emulsion fuel is that the air ratio can be lowered due to the complete combustion, and almost no soot is generated.

① Rising pressure

When the emulsion fuel is burned, the furnace pressure can be raised. If the pressure in the furnace is increased by 50 mmAg, the exhaust gas temperature is lowered by 10 ° C.

② Reduction of air cost

When the emulsion fuel is burned, the air ratio can be reduced by 10 to 20%, so that the thermal efficiency can be improved by 10% or more by 30% or more.

③ Improvement of heat transfer effect

In the case of emulsion fuel combustion, the generation of soot is reduced, so that there is no scale adhesion on the boiler heat transfer surface. When the thickness is 1 mm, the fuel consumption is increased by about 2.8%, so that the thermal efficiency of the emulsion fuel is increased. It is expected that the main effect of the boiler thermal efficiency increase effect in the combustion of emulsion fuel is the improvement of the heat transfer effect. The tolerance of the increase of the heat transfer effect when the emulsion fuel is burned is as follows.

A) Increase of thermal conductivity due to reduction of formation of suet and decrease of adhesion rate of heat transfer surface

B) Increase of gas-side heat transfer coefficient due to Turbulent phenomenon of gas in the furnace due to increase of exhaust gas with evaporation of added water

The) Emissivity increased by the CO, H ₂ O increases the furnace

Although the air ratio is decreased due to the improvement of the heat transfer, the exhaust gas temperature is greatly lowered. The conditions of the boiler, in which the effect of the mullion fuel on the livestock pneumoconiosis is significant, are as follows; The fuel saving effect of emulsion fuel is high at low efficiency boiler with aging and poor combustion condition, large boiler of less than 50 tons and low load operation boiler (load ratio is 50% or less). When the load ratio exceeds 90%, the effect of livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel Is independent of the type of boiler and is expected to have a significant effect on the rotary burr.

4. SOx neutralization function

Reviewing the solid content of urine, it can be divided into nitrogen and nitrogen, which are the main components of livestock pneumoconiosis, and various minerals such as phosphorus, calcium, potassium, chlorine, and sodium. Nitrogen water in the urine is characterized by the fact that it does not generate NH ₃ easily when it comes out to the atmosphere and therefore does not give off its unique smell. NH ₃ reacts easily with SOx, which is a combustible material of the fuel, and forms (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ and the like.

Therefore, a method of introducing NH ₃ gas into the flue to prevent low-temperature corrosion of the boiler has been used for a long time. However, at the time of combustion, NH ₃ or the neutralization product (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ is burned and decomposed as follows.

According to the above equation, the amount of generated NOx will increase. However, since the experiment shows that SOx and NOx are reduced together, the decomposition reaction does not occur. Another reaction is that in the emulsion state, the minerals in the urine react with the sulfides to form sulfides of the minerals. This reaction is used as one of the methods of desulfurizing the fuel. It can be assumed that these inorganic sulfides are small in solubility and have a large specific gravity to form a precipitate and fall below the burner at the time of spraying, but such phenomenon does not occur due to the complete combustion action.

5. Suppression of generation of NOx

During combustion of hydrocarbon fuels by oxidizing the nitrogen in the nitrogen with the fuel in the combustion air pollutants of _{NOx (NO, NO 2, NO} 3, N 2 O, N 2 O 3, N 2 O 4, N 2 O 5) , etc. Lt; / RTI > When emulsion fuel burns, when water in the fuel rapidly evaporates, latent heat is taken away from the surroundings to lower the flame temperature, shortening the high temperature holding time of the flame to reduce the generation of NOx, Therefore, a good combustion state can be obtained even if the air ratio is reduced. If the air ratio is decreased, the concentration of oxygen decreases together, so that the generation of NOx decreases and the NOx decreases due to the neutralization of NOx by the added water.

6. Reduction of soot

When the fuel is injected from the burner, a large atomized atom is decomposed before combustion to form a residue, and is condensed by the combustion heat to form unburned carbon to generate soot. However, when the emulsion fuel is burned, And the combustion temperature is lowered, so that the generation of soot is reduced.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The dung oil mixed emulsion fuel oil used in the following experiment was prepared as follows.

Example: Preparation of dung oil mixed emulsion fuel oil

In the livestock pens, an excel piping is installed and only urine is stored in a separate collecting tank. The precipitate is filtered and the filtrate is aged at 55 ° C for 35 hours to obtain an aged solution of the livestock urine. The aging solution was mixed in a ratio of 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of Bunker C oil in the stirring apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and then a rotary blade having three stages (four stages each having four rotating blades) Using the impeller arranged as above, the initial stirring speed is started at 100 rpm, and the emulsion fuel oil is obtained by mixing the stirring speed at various speeds up to 3,000 rpm according to the stirring temperature change of the bunker oil and the drain oil.

Experimental Example 1

The storage stability (30 days) was measured according to KS M ISO 3733: 2008 at the Petroleum Technology Research Institute of Korea Petroleum Management Institute for the fuel oil obtained in the above Example in order to measure the oil separation phenomenon after the formation of the dung oil mixed emulsion. Are shown in Table 1 below.

Test Items unit Test result Storage stability
(30 days) Moisture (upper layer distillation method) (v / v)% < 7.5 Moisture (lower layer distillation method) (v / v)% < 7.5

The initial moisture content of the sample is 9.0 (v / v)%.

From the above experimental results, it can be seen that the emulsion fuel oil according to the present invention does not significantly change the initial water content even when stored for a long period of time, and thus the oil water separation phenomenon hardly occurs. Particularly, in the emulsion fuel added with the conventional 'water + emulsifier', the water particles grow as the storage period becomes longer, whereas the water-pumped mixed oil according to the present invention does not grow water particles even if the storage period is prolonged.

Therefore, the stability of the livestock pneumoconiosis blended oil of the present invention does not decrease as the storage period passes.

In addition, it was feared that the animal odor mixed emulsion fuel would have a unique odor of livestock pneumonia, but the smell of livestock pneumonia could not be felt at all.

Experimental Example 2

Emulsion fuel oil shall meet the quality criteria in Table 2 below for use as fuel in boilers (except for household use) or furnaces.

In order to determine whether the mixed emulsion fuel obtained by the production method according to the present invention meets the above-mentioned quality standards, the samples obtained in the above examples were submitted to the Petroleum Technology Research Institute of Korea Petroleum Management Center to measure the quality thereof.

As can be seen from the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the emulsion fuel oil obtained according to the production method of the present invention is in conformity with the quality standard.

In addition, the special effects of the livestock pumped mixed emulsion fuel of the present invention are as follows.

It is possible to improve the thermal efficiency and the fuel saving effect, to eliminate the dust collector in the combustion process, to eliminate the additional auxiliary facilities of the conventional boiler in the livestock pneumoconiosis blending oil and combustion device, And it is possible to reduce water pollution prevention and air pollution by reusing energetic pretreatment of livestock wastewater. And it is possible to export it as an anti-pollution fuel.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

1: Oil outlet 2: Rotary motor
3: steam inlet 4: steam outlet
5: gas outlet 6, 8: poly
7: belt 9: oil inlet
10: Impeller

Claims (5)

Storing the animal pneumoconiosis in an animal husbandry stock solution collection tank;
Precipitating the stock pancreas stock solution;
Filtering the precipitate, and aging the filtrate at 50 to 60 DEG C for 30 to 48 hours to obtain an aged solution of animal pneumoconiosis; And
Mixing the aging solution with Bunker C oil at 100 to 3000 rpm and mixing to obtain an emulsion fuel oil;
The stirring step is performed by an impeller stirring device,
Wherein the impeller mounted on the stirring device has a rotary blade of a multi-stage structure arranged around a drive shaft, the rotary blade of each stage is composed of a plurality of rotary blades arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, Wherein the blades are arranged upward and downward.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the stirring step adjusts the mixing ratio from 100 rpm to 3,000 rpm by using an inverter according to the stirring temperature change of the Bunker C oil and the livestock pneumonia. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the livestock pneumonia is urinary odor and is separately stored separately in the production step. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the livestock wastewater is contained in an amount of 5 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the Bunker C oil.

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