KR101951758B1 - Method for quantitative analysis of pork lard in a fat mixture using raman spectroscopy and apparatus for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a method for quantitative analysis of pig fat performed in a Raman spectroscopy device. The method comprises the steps of: illuminating a laser beam onto an animal adipose mixture sample; obtaining a Raman scattering spectrum reflected from the sample; selecting a plurality of Raman shifts showing characteristics of pig fat on the basis of a density change of the spectrum; calculating an unsaturated ratio indicating the degree of including unsaturated fatty acid on the basis of the Raman shifts; calculating a plurality of group variables indicating the degree of clustering on the basis of the number of cases where the unsaturated ratio can be calculated; calculating a fat gauge which is a value capable of distinguishing pig fat from other fat through at least one multiplication of a plurality of unsaturation ratios ranked with the group variables; and quantitatively analyzing pig fat in a mixture through the fat gauge.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for quantifying pig fat in a fat mixture using Raman spectroscopy,

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for quantitative analysis of pig fat in a mixture using Raman spectroscopy.

In the food industry, authenticity discrimination of pure substances and detection and / or identification of additives are difficult targets but have been widely used in medical diagnostics, pathology, toxicology, environmental sampling, chemical analysis and many other fields. There have been attempts to achieve this goal using a Raman spectrophotometer.

Raman spectroscopy is a technique using monochromatic inelastic or Raman scattering. Specifically, Raman spectroscopy is a method of determining the type of a molecule through a phenomenon in which, when a monochromatic light source is shot on a specific molecule, the incident light interferes with the molecule to measure the scattered light of the changed frequency.

Typically, the monochromatic light source is a laser in the visible or near infrared ("NIR") range. The energy of the scattered photons shifts up or down with respect to the energy of the incident photons in response to the oscillation mode of the illumination material or its interaction with the excitation, while varying the wavelength of the scattered photons. Thus providing information on the spectral spreading material in the scattered light.

If quantitative analysis of porcine fat through Raman spectroscopy is possible in the mixture, the device that can perform this method can form a large market. The main reason is because of the religious features of Muslims. Muslims are called Muslims, but Muslims do not treat them with pigs for religious reasons. Muslims account for 20 percent of the world's population. It is necessary to specify how to quantify pig fat in animal fat mixtures using Raman spectroscopy.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2006-0034935, 2006.04.26

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for quantifying pig fat in a mixture using Raman spectroscopy.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems which are not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for analyzing pig fat in a Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus, comprising the steps of irradiating a sample of an animal fat mixture with a laser beam; Obtaining a reflected Raman scattering spectrum from the sample; Selecting a plurality of Raman shifts that characterize porcine fat based on a change in the density of the spectrum; Calculating an unsaturation ratio indicating an extent of the unsaturated fatty acid contained on the basis of the plurality of Raman shifts; Calculating a plurality of group variables indicating a degree of clustering based on the number of cases in which the unsaturation ratio can be calculated; Calculating a fat gauge that is capable of distinguishing a plurality of unsaturated ratios ranked with the plurality of group variables from other fats through at least one multiplication; And quantitatively analyzing the fat in the mixture through the fat gauge.

Here, the plurality of Raman shifts may be selected based on a point where the density of the spectrum is higher than a predetermined reference.

Here, the unsaturated ratio may be determined by dividing the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the unsaturated fatty acid by the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acids.

여기서, 상기 S는 s번째 동물성 지방을 지시하고, 상기 (R)은 상기 복수의 산출된 불포화비율 중 하나를 지시하고,

는 상기 s번째 동물성 지방의 상기 불포화 비율 (R)의 분산을 상기 s번째 동물성 지방의 상기 불포화 비율 (R)의 평균으로 나눈 값을 지시하고, 상기 N은 총 동물성 지방 종류의 수를 지시할 수 있다.Here, the plurality of group variables are calculated based on the following equations

Wherein S denotes the s-th animal fat, R denotes one of the plurality of calculated unsaturation ratios,

Indicates the value obtained by dividing the variance of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat by the average of the unsaturated ratios (R) of the s-th animal fat, and N may indicate the number of total animal fat types have.

Here, the plurality of group variables may be calculated by further considering Ws indicating the contribution of the s-th animal fat.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a Raman spectrometer for performing a method for quantitatively analyzing a fat content of a pig, comprising: a processor; Wherein the at least one instruction comprises the steps of illuminating a sample of an animal fat mixture with a laser beam and obtaining a reflected Raman scattering spectrum from the sample, Selecting a plurality of Raman shifts that characterize porcine fat based on the change in density of the spectrum and calculating an unsaturation ratio indicating an extent of containing the unsaturated fatty acid based on the plurality of Raman shifts, Calculating a plurality of group variables indicating the degree of clustering based on the number of cases in which the ratio can be calculated and multiplying the plurality of unsaturated ratios ranked as the group variables to distinguish pig fat from other fats The fat gauge is calculated, and the amount of fat in the mixture It is executable to quantitative analysis.

Here, the plurality of Raman shifts may be operable to be selected based on a point at which the density of the spectrum becomes higher than a predetermined reference.

Here, the unsaturated ratio may be determined to be a value obtained by dividing the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the unsaturated fatty acid by the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acids.

여기서, 상기 S는 s번째 동물성 지방을 지시하고, 상기 (R)은 상기 복수의 산출된 불포화비율 중 하나를 지시하고,

는 상기 s번째 동물성 지방의 상기 불포화 비율 (R)의 분산을 상기 s번째 동물성 지방의 상기 불포화 비율 (R)의 평균으로 나눈 값을 지시하고, 상기 N은 총 동물성 지방 종류의 수를 지시하도록 실행 가능할 수 있다.Here, the plurality of group variables are calculated based on the following equations

Wherein S denotes the s-th animal fat, R denotes one of the plurality of calculated unsaturation ratios,

Indicates a value obtained by dividing the variance of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat by the average of the unsaturated ratios (R) of the s-th animal fat, and the N is specified to indicate the total number of animal fat types It can be possible.

Here, the plurality of group variables may be calculated to further calculate Ws indicating the contribution of the s-th animal fat.

Other specific details of the invention are included in the detailed description and drawings.

According to the present invention, it is possible to quantitatively analyze pig fat in an animal fat mixture.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

1 is a schematic diagram for explaining Raman spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of apparatuses for carrying out the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for quantifying pig fat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a graph showing a correlation between Raman shift and density according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a graph illustrating ranked unsaturated ratios in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a graph showing a fat gauge obtained based on a plurality of ranked unsaturated ratios in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a graph showing the range of fat gauge according to one embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a graph showing the fat gauge according to the proportion of fat in the mixture.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and the manner of achieving them, will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, Is provided to fully convey the scope of the present invention to a technician, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. The terms " comprises "and / or" comprising "used in the specification do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements in addition to the stated element. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification and "and / or" include each and every combination of one or more of the elements mentioned. Although "first "," second "and the like are used to describe various components, it is needless to say that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, it goes without saying that the first component mentioned below may be the second component within the technical scope of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein may be used in a sense that is commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition, commonly used predefined terms are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless explicitly defined otherwise.

The terms spatially relative, "below", "beneath", "lower", "above", "upper" And can be used to easily describe a correlation between an element and other elements. Spatially relative terms should be understood in terms of the directions shown in the drawings, including the different directions of components at the time of use or operation. For example, when inverting an element shown in the figures, an element described as "below" or "beneath" of another element may be placed "above" another element . Thus, the exemplary term "below" can include both downward and upward directions. The components can also be oriented in different directions, so that spatially relative terms can be interpreted according to orientation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram for explaining Raman spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, when a laser beam 10 is projected on an animal fat mixture sample 12, a Raman scattering spectrum 11 may occur.

(3) high brightness and high photon density are easily obtained; (4) optical linear polarization is easy to obtain; and (5) laser light is easy to obtain. ) And an advantage that an extremely short pulse width can be obtained.

The characteristic of Raman scattering spectroscopy using laser light is that it is advantageous for high resolution spectroscopy. Since it can collect light at a very small spot with a lens or the like, a very small amount of the sample can be obtained and the nondestructive And is characterized in that it is easy to sample analysis and field analysis and easy to observe a transient phenomenon because it does not receive any disturbance by the water contained in a lot of food.

In the present invention, the laser used in the visible light region has a wavelength of 785 nm. The use of a laser in the visible light region is advantageous in that a sensor with a wide range of wavelengths can be used, and a sensor can be constructed at a relatively low price.

Here, the laser light source can be used mainly in a region close to ultraviolet rays, in a visible region and in a region close to infrared rays. Below is a description of a device for performing a method for quantifying pig fat using Raman spectroscopy.

2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of apparatuses for carrying out the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may be an apparatus for performing Raman spectroscopy, a system for performing Raman spectroscopy, a system for performing communication, and the like. The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may include at least one processor 110, a memory 120, and a transceiver 130 connected to a network to perform communication. The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may further include an input interface device 140, an output interface device 150, a storage device 160, and the like. Each component included in the Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may be connected by a bus 170 and communicate with each other.

The processor 110 may execute a program command stored in at least one of the memory 120 and the storage device 160. The processor 110 may refer to a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which methods in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are performed. Each of the memory 120 and the storage device 160 may be constituted of at least one of a volatile storage medium and a nonvolatile storage medium. For example, the memory 120 may comprise at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for quantifying pig fat according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may emit a laser beam to an animal fat mixture sample (S310). The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may obtain the Raman scattering spectrum reflected from the animal fat mixture sample (S320). The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may select a plurality of Raman shifts representing the characteristics of pig fat based on the density change of the Raman scattering spectrum (S330). The plurality of Raman shifts may be selected based on a point at which the density of the Raman scattering spectrum is higher than a predetermined reference.

The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 can calculate an unsaturation ratio indicating the degree of inclusion of the unsaturated fatty acid based on the plurality of Raman shifts (S340). Here, the unsaturation ratio can be determined by dividing the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the unsaturated fatty acid by the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acid.

)을 산출할 수 있다(S350). The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 includes a plurality of group factors (hereinafter referred to as " group factors ") indicating the degree of clustering based on the number of cases where the unsaturation ratio can be calculated.

) (S350).

) 는 다음과 같은 수학식을 기초로 산출될 수 있다. Group variables (

) Can be calculated based on the following equation.

는 해당 불포화비율에 따른 그룹 변수를 지시할 수 있다. S는 s번째 동물성 지방을 지시할 수 있다. (R)은 상기 복수의 산출된 불포화비율 중 하나를 지시할 수 있다.

는 상기 s번째 동물성 지방의 상기 불포화 비율 (R)의 분산을 상기 s번째 동물성 지방의 상기 불포화 비율 (R)의 평균으로 나눈 값을 지시할 수 있다. N은 총 동물성 지방 종류의 수를 지시할 수 있다. 그룹변수는 s번째 동물성 지방의 기여도를 지시하는 Ws를 더 고려하여 산출될 수 있다. 그룹변수가 Ws를 더 고려하여 산정되는 과정은 다음과 같을 수 있다.here,

Can indicate a group variable according to the unsaturation ratio. S can indicate the s th animal fat. (R) may indicate one of the plurality of calculated unsaturation ratios.

May indicate a value obtained by dividing the variance of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat by the average of the unsaturation ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat. N can indicate the number of total animal fat types. The group variable can be calculated by further considering Ws indicating the contribution of the s-th animal fat. The process by which the group variable is calculated considering further Ws may be as follows.

The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 may rank a plurality of group variables (S360). The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 is configured to measure the plurality of unsaturation ratios ranked in the plurality of group variables by at least one multiplication into four different fats commonly consumed in the food industry (chicken fat, duck fat, pig fat , A fat gauge which is a reference value that can distinguish between the fat gauge and the fat gauge (step S370). The Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus 100 can quantitatively analyze pig fat in the mixture through a fat gauge (S380).

4 is a graph showing a correlation between Raman shift and density according to an embodiment of the present invention.

)일 수 있다. 그래프 (a)의 세로축은 라만 산란 스펙트럼의 밀도를 지시할 수 있고, 단위는 (arb. Units)로 표기할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 4, graph (a) may be a graph showing the Raman scattering spectrum. The abscissa of the graph (a) can indicate Raman shift, and the unit is (

). The vertical axis of the graph (a) can indicate the density of the Raman scattering spectrum, and the units can be expressed as (arb. Units).

Here, (a) the graph shows four different lines, which may be the result of independent measurements from four different fats (duck fat, chicken fat, pig fat, and sole fat). Four different lines can have the same density variation in the same Raman shift. The plurality of Raman shifts may be selected based on a point at which the density of the Raman scattering spectrum is higher than a predetermined reference. Here, the Raman shift point having the density change can be used in the case of calculating the unsaturation ratio.

, 1268

, 1300

, 1442

, 1655

, 1744

인 곳에서 분자 그룹과 진동 방식을 나타낸다.Referring to Table (b), Table (b) shows a Raman shift point with a critically selected density variation. Table (b) shows that the Raman shift value is 968

, 1268

, 1300

, 1442

, 1655

, 1744

Where molecular groups and vibration modes are represented.

, 1268

, 1655

인 지점은 불포화 지방산에 해당하는 라만 산란 스펙트럼을 지시한다. 또한 라만 쉬프트 값이 1300

, 1442

, 1744

인 곳은 전체 지방산에 해당하는 라만 산란 스펙트럼을 지시한다. 표 (b)에 기재된 복수의 라만 쉬프트 값은 다양한 경우의 수로 불포화비율 산출에 분자와 분모로 이용될 수 있다. 아래는 불포화비율이 불포화 지방산에 해당하는 라만 산란 스펙트럼을 전체 지방산에 해당하는 라만 산란 스펙트럼으로 나눈 값으로 결정되는 과정이다.Here, when the Raman shift value is 968

, 1268

, 1655

Point indicates a Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to an unsaturated fatty acid. Further, when the Raman shift value is 1300

, 1442

, 1744

Indicates the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acids. The plurality of Raman shift values listed in Table (b) can be used as numerator and denominator in calculating the unsaturation ratio in various cases. The following is the process in which the unsaturation ratio is determined by dividing the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the unsaturated fatty acid by the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acid.

Figure 5 is a graph illustrating ranked unsaturated ratios in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.

, 1268

, 1655

인 곳의 밀도를 라만 쉬프트 값이 1300

, 1442

, 1744

인 곳의 밀도로 나누어 산출할 수 있다.Referring to Fig. 5, graphs (a) to (i) are shown. Duck oil, chicken fat, pork lard, and beef tallow are listed on the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis represents the unsaturated ratio. Wherein the unsaturation ratio is such that the Raman shift value is 968

, 1268

, 1655

The density of the place where the Raman shift value is 1300

, 1442

, 1744

Can be calculated by dividing by the density of the place where it is.

Thus, there are 9 graphs that are 3 times 3. These nine cases can be sequenced. In FIG. 5, the order from rank 1 to rank 9 is defined as an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein the order may be determined based on the degree of clustering based on the plurality of group variables. Referring to FIG. 5, the cluster diagram of the graph (a) is the highest and the cluster diagram of the graph (i) is the lowest. In this case, the graph (a) can be the highest order rank 1, and the graph (i) can be rank 9, which is the lowest order.

The process is carried out to distinguish four different fats: Duck oil, Chicken fat, Pork lard, and Beef tallow. For Raman spectroscopy for different types of fat, it is advantageous to use a graph that is well clustered. Therefore, it may be preferable to use the graph (a) in the Raman spectroscopic measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention

Here, in graph (a), the unsaturated ratio of duck fat and chicken fat is in a similar range, so it may be difficult to distinguish. Therefore, it may be necessary to calculate the local gauge.

Figure 6 is a graph showing a fat gauge obtained based on a plurality of ranked unsaturated ratios in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 6, graphs (a) to (h) are shown. Duck oil, chicken fat, pork lard, and beef tallow are listed on the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis represents the fat gauge candidate. Here, the local gauge may be a value obtained by multiplying at least one of the plurality of rank values in FIG.

Graph (b) is the value obtained by multiplying rank 1 and rank 2 by fat gauge. The graph (b) can easily distinguish Duck oil, Chicken fat, Pork lard, and Beef tallow. In the present invention, the graph (b) can be selected or calculated by the local gauge.

Figure 7 is a graph showing the range of fat gauge according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 7, the graph of Fig. 7 is a graph in which the graph (b) of Fig. 6 is expressed in a range. Since the graph (b) of FIG. 6 is a graph including a plurality of values, the fat gauge can be expressed in a range other than a specific value, and the graph of FIG. 7 reflects the range. Here, the fat gauge of the duck oil is about 0.041, the fat gauge of the chicken fat is about 0.034, the fat gauge of the pork lard is about 0.028, and the fat gauge of the beef tallow is Lt; / RTI >

8 is a graph showing the fat gauge according to the proportion of fat in the mixture.

Referring to FIG. 8, the upper straight line in the graph is the result of conducting the present invention on a mixture of porcine fat and duck fat. The ratio of fat and duck fat in the mixture can be determined on the basis of the fat gauge measured in the local fat gauge of Duck fat is about 0.041 and the fat fat gauge of the fat fat is about 0.028.

For example, if the proportion of pig fat is 0, the proportion of duck fat is 100, the fat gauge may be 0.041. If the ratio of fat fat is 100, the fat gauge is 0.028 .

The lower straight line in the graph is the result of conducting the present invention on a mixture of porcine fat and small fat. The fat gauge of the fat is about 0.006 and the fat gauge of the fat is about 0.028. Based on the measured fat gauge, the ratio of the pig fat and duck fat in the mixture can be determined.

For example, if the proportion of pig fat is 0, the ratio of fat is 100, the fat gauge is 0.006. If the ratio of fat is 100 and the ratio of fat is 0, the fat gauge is 0.028 .

The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied directly in hardware, in software modules executed in hardware, or in a combination of both. The software module may be a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a flash memory, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD- May reside in any form of computer readable recording medium known in the art to which the invention pertains.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, You will understand. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.

Claims (10)

As a method for quantifying pig fat in a Raman spectrometer,
Irradiating the animal fat mixture sample with a laser beam;
Obtaining a reflected Raman scattering spectrum from the sample;
Selecting a plurality of Raman shifts that characterize porcine fat based on a change in the density of the spectrum;
Calculating an unsaturation ratio indicating an extent of the unsaturated fatty acid contained on the basis of the plurality of Raman shifts;
Calculating a plurality of group variables indicating a degree of clustering based on the number of cases in which the unsaturation ratio can be calculated;
Calculating a fat gauge that is capable of distinguishing a plurality of unsaturated ratios ranked with the plurality of group variables from other fats through at least one multiplication; And
And quantitatively analyzing the fat in the mixture through the fat gauge. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of Raman shifts are selected based on a point at which the density of the spectrum is higher than a predetermined criterion. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the unsaturated ratio is determined by dividing the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the unsaturated fatty acid by a Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acid. The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of group variables are calculated based on the following equation

Wherein S denotes the s-th animal fat, R denotes one of the plurality of calculated unsaturation ratios,

Indicates a value obtained by dividing the variance of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat by the average of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat, Quantitative analysis of pig fat. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the plurality of group variables are calculated by further considering Ws indicating the contribution of the s-th animal fat. A Raman spectroscopic measurement apparatus for performing a pig fat analysis method,
A processor; And
Wherein at least one instruction executed through the processor includes a memory,
Wherein the at least one instruction comprises:
An animal fat mixture sample was irradiated with a laser beam,
Obtaining a Raman scattering spectrum reflected from the sample,
Selecting a plurality of Raman shifts that characterize porcine fat based on the density change of the spectrum,
Calculating an unsaturation ratio indicating the degree of unsaturated fatty acid inclusion based on the plurality of Raman shifts,
Calculating a plurality of group variables indicating the degree of clustering based on the number of cases in which the unsaturation ratio can be calculated,
Calculating a fat gauge that is capable of distinguishing pig fat from other fat by multiplying the plurality of unsaturated ratios ranked by the group variables, and
Wherein the fat gauge is adapted to quantitatively analyze pig fat in the mixture through the fat gauge. The method of claim 6,
Wherein the plurality of Raman shifts are selected based on a point at which the density of the spectrum is higher than a predetermined reference. The method of claim 6,
Wherein the unsaturated ratio is determined by dividing the Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the unsaturated fatty acid by a Raman scattering spectrum corresponding to the total fatty acid. The method of claim 6,
The plurality of group variables are calculated based on the following equation

Wherein S denotes the s-th animal fat, R denotes one of the plurality of calculated unsaturation ratios,

Indicates a value obtained by dividing the variance of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat by the average of the unsaturated ratio (R) of the s-th animal fat, Raman spectrometer. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the plurality of group variables are calculated by further considering Ws indicating the contribution of the s-th animal fat.

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