KR101935496B1 - Adhesive spreader of edge banding machine having temporary storing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adhesive applicator for an edge bending machine which is capable of uniformly applying an adhesive in a process of adhering an edge band to a side surface of a panel and permitting quick and uniform application even when stopped and re- A body portion having a coating surface portion for applying an adhesive to the side surface of the coating portion and a guide surface portion for forming an adhesive containing space between the coating surface portion and the coating portion for rotatably supporting the coating means; And an edge bending machine for temporally sucking and storing the adhesive in the adhesive containing space.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an adhesive applicator for an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage portion,

The present invention relates to an edge bending machine, and more particularly, to an edge bending machine which can uniformly apply an adhesive in a process of adhering an edge band to a side surface of a panel, and can quickly and uniformly apply stop and re- And a coating apparatus.

Panels are widely used to construct various furniture and utensils. Such a panel is formed into a plate shape having various areas and thicknesses as needed. Recently, artificial molded wood has been applied in consideration of cost reduction and productivity improvement. Medium density fiber board (MDF) is a medium density fiber board manufactured mainly by using sawdust. It is known as a plywood that has been attracting attention as a furniture material in recent years. PB (Particle board) It is a product made by crushing and compressing it in the form of a board. It is mainly used for kitchen sinks or office furniture.

These artificial woods are supplied as appropriate intermediate products or finished products by surface treatment so that various colors and patterns are formed on the front and rear surfaces and the surface is protected. Particularly, in the case of a plate-shaped panel made of artificial molded wood, since the raw material at the side edge is exposed, it is usual to finish it by attaching an edge band to protect it and improve aesthetic appearance. As the edge bands, PP, PVC, veneer, and patterned paper are used. In order to attach the edge bands to the wood panel, an edge banding machine is used.

Generally, the edge bending machine applies adhesive to the side surface while transferring the wooden panel from the upper surface of the conveyer moving in an infinite track manner, and after adhering and pressing the edge band continuously supplied to the side of the wood panel on which the adhesive is applied, In a suitable length and shape.

Registration Utility Model No. 20-0248583 shows a prior art edge bending machine, and Fig. 1 is a schematic view thereof.

The conveyor 100 provides conveying power to one side, and a plurality of rollers, which are in contact with the upper surface of the wood panel, are arranged on the upper side thereof in the longitudinal direction. The panel P is interposed between the conveyor 100 and the roller and is conveyed in one direction. In the conveying process, the adhesive supply unit 110 applies an adhesive to the side surface of the panel.

At this time, the band roll 120 performs a function of feeding the edge band 122 in a wound state. When the edge band passes through the guide roller 124 and the conveyance roller 126, And is attached to the side surface of the panel P while being pressed by the plurality of pressure rollers 130. [

The adhesive supply unit 110 continuously supplies the adhesive stored at a predetermined position and applies the adhesive to the side surface of the panel. The application of the adhesive should be performed uniformly and uniformly.

Moisture-hardenable adhesives such as PUR (Poly Urethane Reactive) are widely used in the processing of edge bands as well as bookbinding since they provide excellent adhesion and flexibility to the environment.

However, in the edge bending process, if the adhesive is undesirably exposed to the atmosphere and is cured by contact with moisture, the bonding process may become inoperable. In severe cases, the adhesive may not be used permanently It can cause problems.

Further, in the process of stopping the operation of the adhesive supply portion, the rotation of the application roller of the adhesive supply portion is stopped, and the adhesive flows downward due to its own weight, so that it is difficult to apply the adhesive smoothly immediately after restarting.

In the prior art, it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy the uniform application of the adhesive supply portion on the coated surface of the panel, the minimization of contact with moisture in the air, the smooth recovery of the residual adhesive after application, and the improvement of the ability to treat the adhesive during shutdown.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an adhesive composition which can smoothly and uniformly supply an adhesive in a process of applying an adhesive to a side surface of a panel, It is an object of the present invention to provide an adhesive applicator for an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage portion.

The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus comprising a body portion having an application portion having an application surface portion for applying an adhesive to a side surface of a panel while being rotated and a guide surface portion for forming a space containing an adhesive between the application portion and the application portion, A supply passage formed in the body portion for supplying an adhesive, and a temporary storage portion for temporarily storing the adhesive in the adhesive containing space and storing the adhesive. Therefore, the efficiency of stopping and restarting the dispensing apparatus is remarkably improved.

Preferably, the body portion is formed with an inflow / outflow passage formed with an opening on the side of the guide surface so as to communicate with the temporary storage portion.

In addition, the temporary storage unit may suck and store the adhesive in the adhesive-containing space at the time of stopping the operation of the application unit, and discharge the adhesive temporarily stored at the time of resuming operation of the application unit to fill the adhesive- containing space.

Preferably, the application means maintains the rotation for a predetermined time when the adhesive is sucked by the temporary storage portion.

In addition, the body may have a supply groove formed on the upper side so that the adhesive supplied from the supply passage is guided to the application means side.

Preferably, the inlet / outlet flow path is formed with an opening on the upper side of the guide surface portion.

The apparatus may further include a recovery hole formed at the bottom of the guide surface to reduce the lowered adhesive to a supply source.

According to the present invention, since the adhesive in the adhesive-containing space is temporarily absorbed in the process of stopping the operation of the application device, the adhesive can be quickly isolated and stored with moisture, There is an effect of solving the problems of the related art by stopping and restarting the application device and drastically improving the operation reliability and promptness.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a prior art edge bending machine of the prior art; Fig.
2 is a plan view for explaining an adhesive applicator for an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to the concept of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the adhesive applicator of the edge bending machine having the adhesive temporary storage unit according to the concept of the present invention in the operation process.
4 is an exploded perspective view of an adhesive applicator of an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a back side of an adhesive applicator of an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a perspective view for explaining a body part in an adhesive applying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a perspective view showing a lower block in an adhesive applying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an adhesive applicator for an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is to be understood, however, that the embodiments described below are only for explanation of the embodiments of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the invention, It does not mean anything.

In the following description, when a part is referred to as being 'connected' to another part, it includes not only a direct connection but also a case where another part or device is connected in between. In addition, when a part is referred to as including an element, it is to be understood that the element may include other elements, not the exclusion of any other element, unless specifically stated otherwise.

The present invention basically comprises a coating means for applying an adhesive to a side face of a panel while being rotated, a body portion for rotatably supporting the coating means, a supply flow passage for supplying an adhesive to the coating means, There is provided an adhesive application device for an edge banding machine having an adhesive temporary storage portion including a temporary storage portion temporarily accommodating an adhesive.

Although the above-mentioned adhesive is described as a main example of PUR (Polyurethane Reactive), it is possible to include a physical adhesive having moisture-curable properties, and various kinds of adhesives can be included in the present invention.

2 is a plan view for explaining an adhesive applicator for an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to the concept of the present invention.

In the concept of the present invention, a roller-shaped application means 3400 which is rotated in the horizontal direction, a supply passage 3110 for supplying an adhesive to the application means 3400, and an adhesive in the outer peripheral side space of the application means 3400 And includes an inflow and outflow channel 3140 for temporarily absorbing and storing or re-reducing the fluid, thereby ensuring smooth operation when the application means 3400 is shut down or restarted.

The body portion 3100 may form one or more flow paths on the interior and / or surface to support the application means 3400 and to guide the flow of the adhesive. The body portion 3100 has a front face open in the drawing, and the roller-like application means 3400 is exposed at the opening portion to function to apply the adhesive to the side of the object to be coated such as the panel.

An upper block and a lower block for supporting the overall structure may be coupled to the upper and lower sides of the body 3100, which will be described later. In addition, a predetermined shielding cover may be arranged to cover the entire body so as to prevent exposure of the adhesive to the atmosphere in the unused process so as to prevent contact with moisture, and various well-known housings or sealing means are applied thereto .

2, the body 3100 is supported on the upper side and / or the lower side so that the application means 3400 can be rotated in the horizontal direction, and a supply passage 3110 is formed on the rear side of the application means 3400 So that the adhesive can be continuously supplied to the outer surface during the rotation of the application means 3400.

The supply passage 3110 has a shape penetrating the upper and lower sides of the body portion 3100, and the outlet thereof can be disposed at an optional position. However, it is preferable that the outlet of the supply hole 3310 is formed on the upper end side of the body part 3100 in consideration of such operation, since the adhesive may have fluidity and be naturally lifted by self weight. Accordingly, the body 3100 may be provided with a supply groove 3111 for guiding the adhesive from the outlet of the supply passage 3110 to the outer surface side of the application unit 3400 from the upper surface.

The supply passage 3110 may be connected to an external adhesive supply source through a predetermined pipe, and in some cases, the supply source may be integrally formed with the body portion 3100. In one embodiment, the supply source may be a press-feeding device composed of a piston, a cylinder, and a feed screw, and press-feeding the adhesive, and the supplied adhesive is fed from the lower side of the body portion 3100 to the feed passage 3110 And can be moved along the supply groove 3111 to the application means 3400 side.

A predetermined gap may be formed between the body 3100 and the side of the applying unit 3400 so that the inner surface of the body 3100 facing the circumference of the applying unit 3400 is guided to the guide surface 3130 Define it. This guide surface portion 3130 forms a predetermined adhesive-containing space with the application means 3400 and allows the adhesive to be maintained at a predetermined thickness continuously on the surface of the application means 3400 during the rotation thereof.

The guide surface portion 3130 may have a selected shape capable of maintaining a state of being adhered to the surface of the application means 3400 of the adhesive and may be formed to be concave rearward so as to cover the application surface portion of the application means 3400 . The adhesive-containing space formed between the application surface portion of the application means 3400 and the guide surface portion 3130 may be formed in a shape in which the gap gradually widens in the direction of rotation of the application means 3400, Or the thickness of the adhesive which is substantially not larger than the thickness of the adhesive adhered to the surface of the application surface of the application means in the process of applying the panel to the panel is preferable in consideration of the formation of the thickness and the prevention and recovery of exposure of the adhesive.

An adjustment groove (not shown) may be formed at an end of the supply flow path 3110 with respect to the rotation direction of the application means 3400 so that the adhesive adjustment member may be provided, The thickness of the adhesive adhered to the surface of the application surface may be limited to a predetermined amount before the front surface is exposed through the adhesive containing space. Since a known configuration can be applied to such an adhesive control member, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, in the adhesive-containing space, the distribution of the adhesive can be maintained to some extent by the continuous supply of the adhesive to the supply passage 3110 and the rotational force of the application means 3400. However, in a state where the application of the adhesive agent on the panel by the application device 3000 is stopped, the rotation of the application means also needs to be stopped. In this case, the adhesive agent in the adhesive agent- In the resting period of the application means 3400, the adhesive in the adhesive-containing space disappears, so that the ashes are completely re-supplied by the supply passage 3110 and filled with the adhesive, so that a smooth adhesive can be applied. As shown above.

In the present invention, an inlet / outlet flow path 3140 may be formed so that the adhesive in the adhesive-containing space is temporarily sucked, stored, and rapidly re-supplied. The inlet and outlet flow paths 3140 may be formed in various shapes at selected portions of the body portion 3100 and at least the inner openings may be configured to communicate with the adhesive containing space viewed by the guide surface portion 3130 .

More preferably, the inner opening of the flow-in / outflow passage 3140 is formed on the upper side of the body portion 3100, more precisely on the upper side of the guide surface portion 3130, considering the efficiency of adhesive attachment.

In the illustrated embodiment, the flow path 3140 is formed at a later stage of the supply path 3110 with respect to the rotating direction of the application means 3400, and the outer opening of the flow path 3140 is formed rearward have. Therefore, at the time of restarting the application means 3400, the adhesive can be simultaneously injected into the supply passage 3110 and the inflow / outflow passage 3140, so that the promptness to adhere the adhesive to the application side of the application means 3400 can be dramatically improved It should be noted that there is an advantage that The operation of the flow-in oil passage 3140 will be described later in the description of FIG.

In addition, it is preferable that the adhesive continuously supplied from the supply passage 3110 is naturally lowered downward through the adhesive-containing space, is recovered and supplied to the supply passage 3110 in view of economy. Therefore, the body portion 3100 can be provided with the recovery hole 3320 so as to be able to recover the adhesive that is dropped on the bottom side of the adhesive-containing space. The recovery hole 3320 functions to reduce the adhesive to the adhesive supply source and supply the adhesive to the supply passage 3110 again.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the adhesive applicator of the edge bending machine having the adhesive temporary storage unit according to the concept of the present invention in the operation process.

The body portion 3100 is disposed so as to direct the opening of the inflow and outflow passage 3140 to the adhesive containing space and is disposed between the application means 3400 and the guide surface portion 3130 during the operation of the application means 3400 And functions to temporarily store the adhesive. Accordingly, the inflow / outflow channel 3140 can be connected to the temporary storage unit 3500 which can form a negative pressure and a positive pressure, and can suck and discharge the adhesive. Although the temporary storage unit 3500 is formed as a syringe-like structure, the temporary storage unit 3500 is not limited thereto. The temporary storage unit 3500 will be described below in more detail so as to enable quick and uniform distribution of the adhesive temporarily stored in the adhesive-containing space when the application unit 3400 is restarted, to the coated surface portion.

Fig. 3 (a) shows the operation of the applying unit 3400 at the time of entering the resting machine. It is apparent that the adhesive distributed in the adhesive-containing space is gradually exhausted downward or in the circumferential direction when the supply of the adhesive to the supply passage 3110 is stopped or the rotation of the application means 3400 is stopped. This step can be understood as a state in which the application is not substantially progressed, and the adhesive stored in the adhesive containing space is sucked from the inflow / outflow channel 3140 by temporarily storing the negative pressure in the temporary storage portion 3500 and temporarily stored.

At this time, even when the coating operation is interrupted, it is effective that the application means 3400 maintains the idling state for a predetermined time. This setting time can be based on about 5 seconds, but this is optional.

When the application is stopped and the rotation of the application means 3400 is stopped, the adhesive on the adhesive-containing space or the coated surface portion will be reduced to the recovery hole 3320. In the operation stop state of the applicator 3000, a shield cover may be disposed to surround the body 3100 to block exposure to the atmosphere. In the operation of the temporary storage unit 3500, And the like.

As described above, the quick recovery of the adhesive in the state of interruption of operation means that the exposure time with moisture in the atmosphere is further shortened. Therefore, the performance of the adhesive can be preserved at the time of the shutdown by constructing the inflow and outflow passage 3140 and the temporary storage portion 3500, and the advantage of preventing damage to the equipment can be attained.

3B shows the operation of the temporary storage unit 3500 and the inflow and outflow passage 3140 at the time of resumption of rotation of the application unit 3400. FIG.

As described above, in the state where the supply of the adhesive to the supply passage 3110 is stopped and / or the rotation of the application means 3400 is stopped, most of the adhesive is discharged in the adhesive containing space except for the portion where the adhesive is adhered due to some point pads or surface tension Therefore, it may take a predetermined time to adhere the adhesive to the application side of the application means at the same time. The temporary storage unit 3500 may considerably shorten the time required for the preparation process for applying the adhesive. This leads to an improvement in productivity.

When the adhesive agent is supplied to the supply passage 3110 and the application means 3400 is rotated when the application apparatus 3000 is restarted, the temporary storage unit 3500 temporarily stores the adhesive agent into the adhesive containing space through the inflow passage 3140 And the filling of the space is started. As a result, the adhesive can be uniformly distributed to the application surface immediately, and the adhesive can be immediately applied to the side surface of the panel.

However, the shape and arrangement of the flow-in / outflow passage 3140 and the temporary storage section 3500 are not limited thereto. In some cases, the flow-inflow passage 3140 may be formed in the shape of a hole formed in the body portion 3100 A pipe or the like arranged in the body part 3100 may be considered.

4 is an exploded perspective view of an adhesive applicator of an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The lower portion of the application portion 3400 is inserted into the body portion 3100 to support the rotation and includes a supply passage 3110, a supply groove 3111, a guide surface portion 3130, a collection hole 3320, As described above.

An upper block 3200 to which an outer member can be inserted while rotating the upper end of the applying means 3400 can be coupled to the upper side of the body 3100. The upper block 3200 and the body 3100 may share a fastening hole 3010 so that a predetermined fastening member (not shown) may be inserted and inserted.

Meanwhile, the application unit 3400 may have a cylindrical application surface portion 3410 to which the adhesive distributed in the adhesive-containing space is adhered and the side surface of the panel can be coated. A shaft 3430 is extended below the application surface portion 3410 and a rotation driving device such as a motor is coupled to the shaft 3430 to provide rotational force. The upper portion of the application means 3400 may be formed with an open shaft hole 3430 and a heating means (not shown) inserted through the upper block 3200 may be disposed in the shaft hole 3430 .

This heating means functions to ensure the performance of the adhesive by keeping the temperature of the adhesive. In some cases, a portion of the body portion 3100 adjacent to the guide surface portion 3130 is also provided with a predetermined heating means insertion hole And the heating means may be additionally disposed.

In some cases, a nitrogen inlet and an outlet for supplying nitrogen may be disposed in the shield cover covering the coating apparatus 3000 as a whole, so that the content of moisture contained in the space inside the apparatus can be reduced. In some cases, various means necessary for dehumidification may be coupled to the shielding cover.

A lower block 3300 for supporting the overall structure can be coupled to the lower side of the body 3100. A shaft hole capable of inserting the shaft 3430 into the lower block 3300 and a shaft hole A recovery hole 3320 for recovering the adhesive that has left the space may be formed. Further, a supply hole communicating with the supply passage 3110 may be additionally disposed. The shaft hole allows the lower end of the shaft 3430 to be exposed downward to transmit rotational power of the rotation drive device.

A packing or the like for sealing can be arranged in the coupling relation of the respective members, and various known configurations of such sealing means can be applied.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a back side of an adhesive applicator of an edge bending machine having an adhesive temporary storage unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

The lower side of the body part 3100 is inserted into a predetermined insertion space (not shown) of the lower side block 3300 in a state where the upper side block 3200 and the body part 3100 are coupled to each other. The description overlapping with the above will be omitted.

A discharge port 3321 communicating with the recovery hole 3320 and a supply port 3311 communicating with the supply passage 3110 may be formed on the rear side of the lower block 3300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The discharge port 3321 and the supply port 3311 are connected to a predetermined pipe to be supplied with the pressure of the external adhesive supply source, so that the adhesive from the adhesive containing space can be reduced.

In addition, for example, the inlet / outlet flow passage 3140 communicating with the adhesive containing space may be connected to the temporary storage section 3500 from the outlet inlet 3120 disposed on the rear side of the body section 3100.

The arrangement of the supply port 3311, the discharge port 3321 and the discharge port 3120, which are the openings of the supply path 3110, the recovery hole 3320 and the flow path 3140, It is appropriate to arrange it on the rear side of the main body 3000.

Considering the coupling relationship of the shielding cover, however, it may be considered that the inflow channel 3140 extends to the lower block 3300 and the inflow inlet 3120 is formed in the lower block 3300. In addition, the outflow inlet 3140 may be formed on the upper side of the upper block 3200.

6 is a perspective view for explaining a body part in an adhesive applying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

For convenience of explanation, the application unit 3400 is omitted and the body 3100 is shown. It is appropriate that the supply passage 3110 and the supply groove 3111 are disposed at one side of the body portion 3100 and the inlet and outlet passage 3140 is disposed at a post-supply stage when the application means is rotated clockwise Are as described above.

The recovery hole 3320 is disposed at the lower end side of the adhesive containing space and can be connected to the recovery slit 3322 extending upward from the lower side of the guide surface portion 3130 to a predetermined height so as to ensure a certain inflow height have.

One or more grooves may be formed in the bottom side space of the body portion 3100 in which the shaft 3430 is inserted to guide the rotation center side or the recovery hole 3320 for guiding the flow.

The inflow / outflow channel 3140 is connected to the temporary storage unit 3500 by opening the guide surface portion 3130 by the size of the opening, temporarily sucks residual adhesive in the adhesive containing space by a predetermined amount, stores and re- It is possible to correspond to the position of the supply groove 3111. However, in consideration of the arrangement relationship with other members and the supply of the adhesive from the supply flow path 3110, the inner opening of the flow path 3140 may be disposed below the supply groove 3111.

7 is a perspective view showing a lower block in an adhesive applying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The lower block 3300 has a supply hole 3310 communicating with the lower end of the supply passage 3110 of the body 3100 coupled to the upper side and allows the collection hole 3320 to be shared with the body 3100 have.

In addition, a shaft hole 3430 may be formed so as to penetrate the shaft 3430 of the applying unit 3400 downward.

At this time, the supply hole 3310 may be connected to the supply port 3311 at the rear side, and the recovery hole 3320 may be connected to the supply source at the discharge port 3321 at the rear side.

It is also contemplated that the source may consist of one or more adhesive storage devices that are sometimes separated from one another.

The adhesive agent dispensing apparatus of the edge bending machine having the adhesive temporary storage unit according to the present invention can temporarily store the adhesive in the adhesive containing space in the process of stopping the operation of the dispensing apparatus, It is possible to quickly distribute the adhesive, thereby effectively solving the problems of the prior art in stopping and restarting the application device. Therefore, there is an advantage that the operation reliability and speed in the process are dramatically improved.

In the foregoing, the present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments and drawings, and the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the content of the following claims.

3000 ... coating device 3010 ... fastening hole
3100 ... body part 3110 ... supply channel
3111 ... supply groove 3120 ... flow outlet
3130 ... guide surface portion 3140 ... inlet / outlet flow path
3200 ... upper block 3300 ... lower block
3310 ... Supply hole 3311 ... Supply hole
3320 ... collection hole 3321 ... outlet
3322 ... recovery slit 3330 ... shaft insertion portion
3400 ... Application means 3410 ... Coated surface
3420 ... shaft 3430 ... shaft hole
3500 ... temporary storage unit

Claims (7)

An application unit (3400) having an application surface portion for applying an adhesive to the side surface of the panel while being rotated;
A body portion 3100 having a guide surface portion that rotatably supports the application means and maintains the thickness of the adhesive on the surface in the process of forming the containing space of the adhesive between the application means and the coated surface portion, ;
A supply passage 3110 formed in the body portion and supplying an adhesive; And
And a temporary storage unit (3500) for temporarily sucking and storing the adhesive in the adhesive containing space,
The temporary storage unit stores,
The adhesive remaining in the adhesive containing space is sucked and temporarily stored at the time of stopping the supply of the adhesive to the supply passage or stopping the rotation of the applying means and discharging the temporarily stored adhesive to the adhesive containing space at the time of restarting to fill the adhesive, An adhesive agent application device for an edge banding machine which enables immediate adhesion and application of an adhesive.
The method according to claim 1,
The body part
And an inflow / outflow channel (3140) having an opening formed on the side of the guide surface to communicate with the temporary storage unit.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the application means comprises:
And the rotation of the adhesive is maintained for a predetermined period of time when the adhesive is sucked by the temporary storage unit.
3. The method of claim 2,
The body part
And a supply groove (3111) formed on the upper side so that the adhesive supplied from the supply passage is guided to the application means side.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the flow-
Wherein an opening is formed on the upper side of the guide surface portion.
6. The method of claim 5,
And a recovery hole (3320) formed on a bottom side of the guide surface portion and reducing the lowered adhesive to a supply source.

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