KR101929375B1 - Measurement apparatus capable of sounding the sea and prism array thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A measuring device capable of measuring the ocean depth and a prism array included therein are disclosed. A measurement device capable of measuring the ocean depth includes a transmitter for generating a beam and transmitting the beam to a target; A receiver for receiving a beam reflected by the target; A beam steering unit for adjusting a tilting angle of the transmitted or received beam; And a detector for detecting the depth of the sea using the received beam, wherein the beam steering unit receives only the reflected beam of the beams reflected by the target to match the tilting angle and outputs the received beam to the receiver, .

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a measurement apparatus capable of measuring an ocean water depth and a prism array,

The present invention relates to a measurement apparatus capable of measuring the depth of the ocean and a prism array included therein.

LiDAR is an abbreviation for Light Detection and Ranging. It is a technique to measure the distance to an object using a beam and analyze the reflected beam to characterize the object. LiDAR's history began before the development of lasers, and the technology was used to measure the density of air by irradiating a Searchlight beam using a discharge pole in the 1930s into the atmosphere and then analyzing the scattered beam in the air. to be.

The laser enables propagation of the beam over a long distance, by analyzing the scattered beam or beam reflected from the object to measure the atmospheric temperature, pressure, humidity, wind velocity, cloud thickness and location, It is now possible to analyze molecules or aerosols.

When the LiDAR is applied to the ocean and a plurality of lights are transmitted to the sea to measure the depth of the ocean, chromatic dispersion is severely generated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a measuring apparatus and a prism array included therein, which are capable of accurately measuring the depth of the ocean with low chromatic dispersion.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a measuring apparatus and a prism array included therein, in which chromatic dispersion is small and a water depth can be accurately measured.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a transmission apparatus comprising: a transmitter for generating a beam and transmitting the beam to a target; A receiver for receiving a beam reflected by the target; A beam steering unit for adjusting a tilting angle of the transmitted or received beam; And a detector for detecting the depth of the sea using the received beam, wherein the beam steering unit receives only the reflected beam of the beams reflected by the target to match the tilting angle and outputs the received beam to the receiver, An apparatus for measuring the depth of the sea,

The beam steering part is inclined at an inclination angle corresponding to half of the tilting angle.

The beam steering unit is a prism array in which a plurality of reflecting surfaces are arranged at a first interval.

Wherein the effective area is calculated using the first spacing and the tilting angle of the beam, wherein the reflective surface of the beam steering portion is configured to have an effective height calculated using the tilted angle of the effective area and the beam steering portion have.

The effective height is a height at which there is no region where the beam is not received in the space between the reflecting surface and the reflecting surface when the reflecting surfaces are arranged at the first gap.

The beam steering unit has a plurality of input / output slopes for inputting or outputting the beam, and one of the plurality of input / output slopes is formed to be inclined.

The inclined angle of any one of the plurality of input / output slopes has an angle obtained by subtracting an angle at which the beam steering unit is inclined at 90 degrees.

Wherein the beam steering unit comprises a doublet prism,

The double prism may be formed of a different material.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a prism array provided in a measurement apparatus for measuring the depth of a sea, comprising: a plurality of reflection plates arranged in a first interval unit; A first input / output member located on an upper surface of the plurality of reflection plates; And a second input / output member positioned on a bottom surface of the plurality of reflectors, wherein the reflector is inclined to receive only the reflected beam so as to match the tilting angle of the beam among the beams reflected by the target. A prism array included in the measuring apparatus can be provided.

The reflector is inclined at an angle corresponding to half of the tilting angle.

The effective area is calculated using the first interval and the tilting angle of the beam, and the reflector is formed to have an effective height calculated using the effective area and the inclination angle.

One of the first input / output member and the second input / output member is formed to be inclined corresponding to a tilted angle of the reflection plate.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a prism array provided in a measuring apparatus for measuring an ocean water depth, the prism array comprising: a first prism for refracting a beam; And a second prism for eliminating chromatic dispersion of a beam passing through the first prism, wherein the first prism and the second prism reflect only the reflected beam so as to match the tilting angle of the beam reflected by the target The prism array may be provided in an apparatus for measuring the depth of the ocean.

The first prism and the second prism have different materials and different refractive indices.

By providing a measuring device capable of measuring the depth of the ocean according to an embodiment of the present invention and a prism array included therein, it is possible to accurately measure the depth of the ocean by minimizing chromatic dispersion.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a measuring apparatus capable of measuring the ocean depth according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
2 is a view schematically showing the structure of a measurement apparatus capable of measuring the ocean depth according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining a structure of a beam steering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
5 and 6 are views for explaining the structure of a beam steering unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "comprising ", or" comprising "and the like should not be construed as necessarily including the various elements or steps described in the specification, Or may be further comprised of additional components or steps. Also, the terms "part," " module, "and the like described in the specification mean units for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a measurement apparatus capable of measuring the ocean depth according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1, a measuring apparatus 200 capable of measuring an ocean depth according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a moving object (for example, an airplane), and transmits a beam toward a target It is a device for measuring the depth of the ocean by receiving the reflected beam.

In order to measure the ocean depth, the measuring apparatus 200 uses a plurality of beams having different wavelengths.

For example, the first beam has a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is a wavelength reflected from the sea surface. For example, the first beam may be a beam having a wavelength of 1064 nm.

Therefore, the measuring apparatus 200 can measure the height from the sky above the sea where the moving object is located using the reflected first beam.

The second beam has a second wavelength, and the second wavelength is a beam of a wavelength that is not reflected by the sea surface but is reflected by the seabed after penetrating the sea surface. For example, the wavelength of the second beam may be 532 nm. Thus, the measuring apparatus 200 can measure the depth of the ocean using the second beam.

The measuring apparatus 200 can receive the reflected beam using the diffraction characteristic of light. Accordingly, the measuring apparatus 200 can be rotated in the first direction at a constant speed.

FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing a structure of a measuring device capable of measuring the depth of the sea according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3 and 4 are views for explaining the structure of a beam steering unit according to an embodiment of the present invention And FIGS. 5 and 6 are views illustrating a structure of a beam steering unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

2, an apparatus 200 for measuring the depth of water according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a transmitter 210, a plurality of receivers 215, a beam steering unit 220, a detector 225, a memory 230, And a processor 235.

The transmitting unit 210 is a means for generating a beam and transmitting it to a target.

For example, the transmitter 210 may be a laser.

The transmitting unit 210 can generate a plurality of beams having different wavelengths and transmit them to the target. For example, the transmitting unit 210 may generate a beam and then separate the beams into different wavelengths through a beam splitter (not shown), respectively, and then transmit the beam to the target.

The measuring device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on a moving object such as an airplane and measures the depth of the ocean. The measuring device 200 uses beams having a first wavelength and a second wavelength.

At this time, the beam of the first wavelength is a beam reflected from the sea surface, and is used to measure the height from the moving object on which the measuring apparatus 200 is mounted to the sea surface.

The beam of the second wavelength penetrates the sea surface and is used to measure the depth of the ocean.

For example, the first wavelength may be 1064 nm and the second wavelength may be 532 nm.

The receiving unit 215 is means for receiving the beam reflected by the target.

The beam steering unit 220 is a means for steering the tilting angle of the beam. Here, the tilting angle can be arbitrarily adjusted depending on the system. For example, the beam steering unit 220 may be implemented with a prism that refracts the beam or a prism that totally reflects the beam.

Further, the beam steering unit 220 may be implemented in the form of a prism array in which a plurality of prisms are arranged.

The beam steering unit 220 is located at the rear end of the transmitting unit 210 and the receiving unit 215 and can transmit the beam to the target by adjusting the tilting angle of the beam vertically incident by the transmitting unit 210. Also, the beam steering unit 220 may receive only the beams reflected by the target in accordance with the tilting angle among the beams reflected by the target, and output the received beams to the receiving unit 215.

The beam steering unit 220 may be positioned so as to transmit the beam transmitted to the target by adjusting the tilting angle and transmit the beam only to receive the reflected beam corresponding to the tilting angle. The tilted angle of the beam steering portion 220 can be adjusted corresponding to the tilting angle.

For example, the tilted angle of the beam steering portion 220 can be adjusted to correspond to half of the tilting angle. When the tilting angle of the beam is 20 degrees, the tilted angle of the beam steering part 220 may be set to 10 degrees.

At this time, the tilted angle of the beam steering unit 220 may be an angle of the corner of the reflecting surface of the beam steering unit 220.

Referring to FIG. 4, the beam steering unit 220 includes a plurality of reflection surfaces arranged at a first interval (e.g., D), and a first input / output The second entrance / exit surface may be located at the other end of the reflection surface facing the first entrance / exit surface.

And the second entrance / exit slope may be inclined at a second angle with respect to the other end of the reflection surface. Here, the second angle may be a 90-corner angle (a). Here, the corner angle may be a tilted angle of the reflecting surface, as described above.

Generally, the height of the prism provided in the beam steering unit 220 is expressed by Equation (1).

[Equation 1]

는 프리즘 모서리 각도를 나타낸다.Here, D represents a prism array interval,

Represents the prism edge angle.

When the height of the reflecting surface of the beam steering part 220 is H, as shown in FIG. 4, the non-effective area is generated by the distance between the reflecting surface and the reflecting surface.

The effective zone represents a space in which the beam (light) is received by the beam steering unit 220, and the effective zone affects the beam reception efficiency of the beam steering unit 220.

The ineffective zone represents a space in which the beam is not received by the beam steering unit 220.

In the case where the height of the beam steering portion 220 (that is, the height of the prism) is formed corresponding to the prism arrangement interval (that is, the arrangement interval of the reflection surfaces) and the corner angle of the prism (reflection surface) Likewise, an ineffective zone will occur.

Therefore, the beam steering unit 220 according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured such that the height of the prism (reflecting surface) is formed so that there is no ineffective interval corresponding to the tilting angle of the beam and the arrangement interval D of the prisms .

First, the valid period can be calculated as shown in Equation (2).

At this time, the valid period (d) is calculated as shown in Equation (1).

&Quot; (2) "

는 반사면의 모서리 각도를 나타내고,

는 빔의 틸팅 각도를 나타내며, h는 비유효구간이 존재하지 않는 프리즘의 높이를 나타낸다.here,

Represents the corner angle of the reflecting surface,

Represents the tilting angle of the beam, and h represents the height of the prism in which the ineffective interval does not exist.

Once the effective interval is calculated, the height of the prism that does not include the ineffective interval can be easily calculated using Equation (2).

Accordingly, the beam steering unit 220 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be formed at a height at which no ineffective interval exists.

3 and 4, one of the plurality of entrance and exit slopes of the beam steering unit 220 may be formed flat, and the other one may be formed to be inclined as described above have.

3 and 4, the upper surface of the plurality of entrance / exit slopes of the beam steering unit 220 is shown as being formed flat. However, according to the implementation method, the lower surface of the plurality of entrance and exit slopes is formed flat and the upper surface is formed to be inclined It is natural that it is possible.

3 and 4, the beam steering unit 220 is implemented as a total reflection prism.

5 and 6 are views showing an example in which the beam steering unit 220 is configured as a double prism with two prisms. The characteristic of the double prism type prism is that the longer the wavelength, the more refracted it is according to Snell's law in an optical system using two wavelengths. Therefore, such a doublet-type prism compensates for the occurrence of chromatic dispersion by reversing the refraction in the back prism.

FIG. 5 shows a beam steering unit 220 constructed with an integral double prism. The first prism and the second prism are formed in a structure that is attached without a spaced space. At this time, the first prism and the second prism may be formed of different materials having different refractive indices. For example, the first prism may be FK51 and the second prism may be SF6.

6 is a view showing a beam steering unit 220 in which two prisms are separated. As shown in FIG. 6, in the case of the separated double prism, dispersion tends to occur due to the spaced space.

In this case, the first prism positioned at the front end of the double prism is designed to adjust the angle of the beam, and the second prism positioned at the rear end is designed to capture the chromatic dispersion element.

The detection unit 225 is means for calculating the sea floor depth information using the reflected beam received by the reception unit 215. [

In order to facilitate understanding and explanation, a method of measuring a distance using a beam will be briefly described.

The distance measurement is a basic method for measuring the depth and width of an object to be measured. The non-contact distance measurement method using a laser-like beam is a time of flight (TOF) method in which a light progress time is measured according to a measurement method, A method using optical triangulation, a method using interferometry, and the like.

The TOF method measures the distance using a time difference after receiving a reflected beam from an object after transmitting the beam to the object. Such a TOF method can measure a wider range than other distance measurement methods, but has a disadvantage in that the measurement accuracy is relatively low because the computational processing speed can not follow the beam frequency.

The principle of the distance detection of the TOF method is briefly summarized as follows using Fig.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the case of the TOP method, a beam transmitted from a transmitting terminal for distance detection is reflected and input to a receiving terminal. Also, the receiving end receives the reflected beam from the transmitting end and reflected by the target object.

When the distance to the object is D, the measured time difference and the beam speed (beam speed) can be used.

&Quot; (3) "

는 직접 수신한 송신 펄스와 물체에서 반사된 수신 펄스간의 시간차이로 계산될 수 있다. Here, when the distance between the transmitting part of the laser and the forward object is D,

Can be calculated as the time difference between the directly received transmission pulse and the reflected reception pulse of the object.

Since the time difference reflected by the object is the round trip time of the beam, the distance to the object can be calculated using Equation (4).

&Quot; (4) "

The memory 230 is a means for storing various algorithms, data, various data derived from the process, etc. necessary for measuring the depth of the ocean according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The processor 235 includes internal components (e.g., a transmitter 210, a plurality of receivers 215, a beam steering unit 220, (Memory 225, memory 230, etc.).

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Should be regarded as belonging to the following claims.

200: Measuring device
210:
215:
220: beam steering section
225:
230: Memory
235: Processor

Claims (15)

A transmitter for generating a beam and transmitting the beam to a target;
A receiver for receiving a beam reflected by the target;
A beam steering unit for adjusting a tilting angle of the transmitted or received beam;
And a detector for detecting ocean depth information using the received beam,
Wherein the beam steering unit is inclined to receive only the reflected beam so as to match the tilting angle among the beams reflected by the target and output the received beam to the receiving unit.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the beam steering part is inclined at an inclination angle corresponding to half of the tilting angle.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the beam steering unit is a prism array in which a plurality of reflection surfaces are arranged at a first interval.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the effective area is calculated using the first spacing and the tilting angle of the beam,
Wherein the reflection surface of the beam steering unit is formed to have an effective height calculated by using the tilted angle of the effective section and the beam steering unit.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the effective height is a height at which there is no region in which a beam is not received in a space between the reflection surface and the reflection surface when the reflection surface is arranged at the first gap.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the beam steering unit has a plurality of entrance and exit slopes for entering or exiting the beam,
Wherein one of the plurality of entrance and exit slopes is inclined.
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the inclined angle of any one of the plurality of input / output slopes has an angle obtained by subtracting an inclined angle of the beam steering unit at 90 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the beam steering unit comprises a doublet prism.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the double prism is formed of a different material.
In a prism array provided in a measuring apparatus for measuring an ocean depth,
A plurality of reflection plates arranged in a first interval;
A first input / output member located on an upper surface of the plurality of reflection plates; And
And a second input / output member located on a bottom surface of the plurality of reflection plates,
Wherein the reflector is inclined to receive only the reflected beam so as to match the tilting angle of the beam among the beams reflected by the target.
11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the reflection plate is inclined at an inclination angle corresponding to half of the tilting angle.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the effective area is calculated using the first spacing and the tilting angle of the beam,
Wherein the reflection plate is formed to have an effective height calculated using the effective area and the inclination angle.
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein one of the first input / output member and the second input / output member is inclined corresponding to a tilted angle of the reflection plate.
In a prism array provided in a measuring apparatus for measuring an ocean depth,
A first prism that refracts the beam; And
And a second prism for eliminating chromatic dispersion of a beam passing through the first prism,
Wherein the first prism and the second prism are inclined to receive only the reflected beam so as to match the tilting angle of the beam among the beams reflected by the target.
15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the first prism and the second prism have different materials and different refractive indices.

Images