KR101907158B1 - Soil conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a soil amendment agent and a soil amendment agent produced thereby. In the present invention, the organic monomer, the inorganic filler, and the fertilizer are not simply mixed but are chemically bonded to each other so that the above three substances are included in each particle of the soil conditioner.

Description

SOIL CONDITIONER

The present invention relates to a vegetation-based material as a basis for landscaping, and more particularly, to a soil conditioner which is mixed with natural or artificial soil to enhance the moisture retention of the soil.

Appropriate soil conditions should be provided for plant growth. It should be good in moisture and air permeability of soil, and it should be able to provide nutrients necessary for plant growth. While these vegetation conditions are naturally provided in the mountains and fields, vegetation conditions can be a problem when making flower beds or videotaping in urban areas like apartment complexes. Since the soil is artificially formed by the transplantation of the external soil, it is different from the natural condition, and the plant may not grow smoothly. To solve these problems, various vegetation-based materials and artificial soils have been developed.

Mainly used in natural or man-made soils by mixing soil conditioner to form necessary conditions for vegetation. For example, a superabsorbent resin is added as an organic substance or a clay mineral such as bentonite is mixed as an inorganic substance so that the soil can continuously contain moisture. They all absorb water and expand, while retaining water for a long time. In addition, fertilizers and the like are mixed into the soil to supply nutrients. In terms of recycling, slag and ash discharged as industrial by-products were also used as artificial soil materials. In other words, existing vegetation based materials are generally mixed with artificial soil materials that have moisturizing properties and nutrients. However, since these materials are simply mixed, there is a problem that the materials can not be mixed evenly. The various materials are mixed homogeneously so that all the intended performance can be exerted. Since the above materials are separated from each other due to the weight difference during the mixing process or even after being laid on the soil, they can not exert their function as a vegetation-based soil There were many cases.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2016-0083533 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2016-0016695 Patent Registration No. 10-1542163

It is an object of the present invention to provide a soil conditioner and a method for producing the soil conditioner, which can provide optimal vegetation conditions by maintaining various conditions necessary for vegetation without being separated from each other.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a soil conditioner, comprising: (a) preparing a liquid solution by dissolving an organic monomer having a vinyl group and having moisture retention in water; (b) mixing the inorganic filler, the fertilizer that promotes the growth of the plant, and the coupling agent for bonding the inorganic material and the organic material to each other; And (c) mixing the materials prepared in steps (a) and (b) into a reactor, and then adding a radical polymerization initiator to the polymerization system to polymerize the organic monomers, It is characterized in that the filler and the organic monomer are combined with each other to synthesize the soil improving agent.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic monomer may be a carboxylic acid monomer, and the inorganic filler may include at least one of water-absorbing clay minerals, purified water sludge, sewage sludge, waste rock surface, bottom ash and blast furnace slag .

According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to add a thickener or a surfactant to synthesize a soil conditioner in order to prevent the substances participating in the reaction during the synthesis reaction from being separated from each other due to differences in specific gravity within the reactor.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the coupling agent is preferably a silane-based compound.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic filler and the fertilizer are mixed in an amount of 200 to 800 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic monomer, and 0.1 to 1 part by weight of the polymerization initiator, The coupling agent may be mixed in the range of 0.1 to 1 part by weight and the water may be mixed in the range of 10 to 40 parts by weight based on the combined total of the organic monomer, the inorganic filler and the fertilizer.

The soil amendment agent produced by the above methods may be formed in a state where an organic material and an inorganic material are combined with each other to be mixed with artificial soil or natural soil to improve the vegetation condition.

The soil modifying agent produced according to the present invention is excellent in water absorbency and durability. In particular, even when water is swallowed (drained) and discharged (dried) repeatedly, the soil modifying agent maintains its original absorbability almost constantly.

In addition, the present soil remediation agent solves the problem that the superabsorbent resin and the inorganic filler are chemically bonded and the performance is not properly manifested because the components are not mixed evenly in the conventional soil remediation agent. Thus, it is advantageous to consistently guarantee the environment needed for vegetation in the entire area where the soil improvement agent is installed.

1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a soil conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view for explaining the surface modifying action of the inorganic filler by the coupling agent.
The graph of FIG. 3 shows the results of repeated water content measurement experiments of the soil conditioner prepared according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of dried soil conditioner prepared according to the present invention. FIG.
The photograph of FIG. 5 shows a state in which the soil conditioner is completely immersed in water in the state of FIG.
FIG. 6 shows the result of vegetation after actual vegetation was performed by mixing the soil conditioner according to Example 1 and Comparative Example with artificial soil.

Hereinafter, a method of producing a soil conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a soil conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a method for preparing a soil conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention begins with dissolving an organic monomer in water to produce a liquid. The organic monomer is in the form of a powder, which is dissolved in water to form a solution.

The organic monomer used in the present invention contains a vinyl group (CH ₂ = CH-) and is hydrophilic. In soil amendment, organic monomers function to enhance soil conservation and provide the necessary level for plant growth. Therefore, the organic monomer should be excellent in absorbability. In this embodiment, a carboxylic acid monomer is used as the organic monomer, and examples thereof include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, furionic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, citraconic acid, maleic acid, acrylamide, bis- And at least two of them may be used in combination. Acrylic acid and acrylamide are used in the present embodiment, and they are widely used as a highly water-absorbent resin in existing soil remediation agents, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Separately from the preparation of the organic monomer solution, the inorganic filler and the fertilizer are mixed together by stirring. When the inorganic filler and the fertilizer are mixed, the coupling agent is added and stirred evenly.

Two types of inorganic fillers can be used. One is clay minerals such as bentonite and montmorillonite. These clay minerals have a layered structure and are highly water-absorbent and highly water-soluble. Therefore, it is possible to improve the water retention of the soil together with organic monomers. Sepiolite, diatomaceous earth, zeolite and the like may also be used.

Another of the inorganic fillers can utilize industrial by-products. It takes up the largest portion of the soil improvement agent and functions as a so-called 'filler'. The clay minerals as well as the organic monomers have a very small specific gravity. Since the filler has a high specific gravity, it enhances the durability by increasing the specific gravity of the soil amendment agent as a whole. Specifically, as a filler, fine powder of blast furnace slag generated in a steel mill, bottom ash from a power plant, and purified water sludge and sewage sludge discharged from a water purification plant can be used. In the case of sludge sludge and sewage sludge, since the water content is 80% or more, when the inorganic filler is mixed, it is formed into a slurry state. These are mainly industrial by-products, which are disposed of in a small amount except for a small amount. In this embodiment, they are environmentally beneficial by recycling as a filler of a soil conditioner, and the economical efficiency of the soil conditioner can be improved. The mineral filler may be a mixture of clay minerals and fillers, either of which may be selectively used.

Fertilizers are used to provide nutrients necessary for the growth of plants, and inorganic fertilizers are mainly used, but organic fertilizers can also be used together. The organic fertilizer can be specifically used as an inorganic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, a lime fertilizer and the like as an inorganic fertilizer. Can be used. Preferably, a certain amount of the compound fertilizer may be added and used.

The main component of the inorganic filler and inorganic fertilizer mentioned above is silica (SiO ₂ ), which is a sand component. Since silicon is not easily bonded to an organic material, in the present invention, the surface of the inorganic filler is modified by using a coupling agent to enable bonding with the organic monomer. In this embodiment, a silane compound such as silanol (R-Si (OH) ₃ ) is used as a coupling agent. The silanol is condensed with an inorganic material mainly composed of SiO ₂ as shown in FIG. 2, and the organic group (R) of the silanol bonds with the organic monomer, thereby bonding the organic monomer and the inorganic material to each other. In addition to silanol, examples of the silane-based coupling agent include allyltrimethoxysilane, chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, binelethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- , 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like can be used. In addition to the silane-based material, a compound used for binding an organic material and an inorganic material to each other, such as a titanate-based, chromium-based, or aluminate-based coupling scheme, can be used in this embodiment.

As described above, the polymerization reaction starts when the organic monomer solution, the inorganic filler, the fertilizer, and the mixed material are prepared. The above materials are put into a reactor, and a polymerization initiator, a surfactant and a thickener are added together to synthesize a soil conditioner.

There are two synthetic reactions. One is a polymerization reaction in which organic monomers are polymerized by a polymerization initiator to form a polymer. And the inorganic materials are combined with the organic monomers by a coupling agent. That is, the coupling agent is bonded to the inorganic substance by the condensation reaction, and the organic group (R) of the coupling agent is bonded to the organic monomer. These are bonded by a coupling agent, and the original properties are maintained.

In the present invention, since the organic monomers include a vinyl group, a radical initiator is used as the polymerization initiator. For example, any of organic peroxides and azo compounds may be used in combination of two or more. As the organic peroxide, hydroperoxides such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide and the like can be used. The azo-based compound is generally used in the art and specifically includes 1,1-azobis (cyclohexane-1-carbonitrile), 2,2-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile) Azomethine compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile, and azoamidine compounds such as 2,2-azobis (2-imidinopropane) dihydrochloride. Such a polymerization initiator is widely used in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, when performing the synthesis reaction of the soil conditioner, a thickener and a surfactant may be added. In other words, since organic and inorganic materials have different specific gravity, specific gravity is separated in the reactor, so that heavy materials can settle down and light materials can float to the top. When the so-called layer separation occurs, the efficiency of the synthesis reaction may be significantly lowered. Therefore, by using a thickener or a surfactant, it is possible to improve the reaction rate by preventing the materials having different specific gravity from being separated from each other. As the thickening agent, a cellulose series may be used, and anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants may be used as the surfactant.

Through the synthesis reaction as described above, a soil conditioner having an organic substance and an inorganic substance mutually bonded is produced. Various materials such as a superabsorbent resin and an inorganic filler for moisture retention in conventional soil remediation agents can not be uniformly mixed and even after the soil remediation agent is installed, they tend to be separated from each other. As a result, The soil vegetation function could not be satisfied. However, in the present invention, since the two most important substances of the soil remediation agent (the water absorbent resin-organic polymer and the inorganic filler) are combined into one, there is an advantage that the vegetation function of the soil can be uniformly expressed over the whole area in which the soil is laid. Since the organic polymer and the inorganic filler are combined into one unit, the vegetation function of the whole soil can be maintained consistently even if the soil is laid and then moved by rainfall or the like.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described.

100 g of acrylic acid, 200 g of acrylamide, and 400 g of water were charged in a flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser, a stirrer and a temperature controller in a 2-liter polymerization reactor, and a flask equipped with a dropping cylinder. The solution was stirred for 1 hour until it was ready. A 50% solution of caustic soda was added to the solution using a dropping cylinder to adjust the pH to 6.0 ~ 7.0. At this time, the solution was added dropwise for 20 minutes so that the internal temperature did not exceed 30 占 폚 and stirred (preparation of solution A).

Next prepare 1,000 g of water sludge (water content 80%), 200 g of bentonite, and 100 g of compound fertilizer, which are prepared by-products and wastes in advance, and mix them using a stirrer to prepare a slurry. 10 g of vinylethoxysilane and 10 g of sodium laurylsulfate as a coupling agent were added thereto and stirred at 80 DEG C for 30 minutes to prepare a slurry (preparation of liquid B).

The prepared solution A and solution B were mixed in a reactor and stirred sufficiently. Then, 10 g of ammonium persulfate was added as a polymerization initiator, and the mixture was polymerized in an oven at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to synthesize Example 1.

And the other conditions were the same and the contents of the substances participating in the reaction were changed to synthesize Examples 2 to 4 as shown in [Table 1] below.

1,000 g of water sludge (water content 80%), 200 g of bentonite, and 100 g of a compound fertilizer were added and stirred. Then, the resultant was dried in an oven at 80 ° C. for 3 hours, .

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the water content of the soil conditioner.

That is, the samples prepared according to the above examples were completely dried at 105 ° C. for 2 hours or more using an oven. Next, the sample was immersed in a beaker filled with water and sufficiently absorbed for 4 hours or more to measure the water content. The results are shown in Table 2 below. The water content was expressed as a multiple of the weight of the dry sample in terms of the amount of water completely absorbed from the weight of the sample after drying.

In the case of Examples 1 to 4, the water content was about 40 times, and in the case of the comparative example, the water content was 12 times that of the soil conditioner according to the present invention.

An important point in soil remediation is repetitive reproducibility. That is, the water content is lowered by supplying water to the soil after the soil conditioner absorbs water by rainfall or the like. If rainfall occurs again, moisture must be absorbed. In the case of conventional soil conditioners, there is a problem that the water content rapidly decreases. In the present invention, the variation of water content of the soil conditioner was tested by repeating absorption and drying 100 times. That is, once the water content test was completed, the soil conditioner was completely dried in the oven at 105 ° C. for 4 hours or more. Thereafter, the soil conditioner was immersed in the beaker filled with water for 3 hours or more to be completely swollen. The moisture content measured once was measured at 100%, and then the relative moisture content was measured by relative comparison. The results are shown in the graph of FIG. Referring to the graph of FIG. 3, the soil amendment agents of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention showed a water content drop of about 20% over 100 cycles. However, in the case of Comparative Example 1, it was confirmed that the water content dropped sharply as the experiment was repeated, and the absorption function was almost lost at about 100 times.

4 is a photograph of Example 1 in a dried state, and FIG. 5 is a photograph of Example 1 in a fully swollen state. Comparing the two photographs, the volumetric expansion rate of the soil conditioner according to the present invention can be visually confirmed. Also, in the photograph of FIG. 6, the soil conditioner according to Example 1 and Comparative Example was mixed with artificial soil to perform actual vegetation. It can be seen that the vegetation was actively performed in the case of Example 1.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention is excellent in terms of the condition as the soil improving agent, that is, the water absorbency and the repetitive absorption reproducibility, and also the durability is excellent due to the inorganic filler. Above all, conventionally, the soil modifying agent components are not uniformly mixed in the soil, so that the vegetation function is not consistently expressed throughout the whole soil. However, the present invention is characterized in that the organic and inorganic materials are combined into one, The problem is solved. In addition, the present invention uses an industrial by-product as an inorganic filler, which not only improves economic efficiency, but also has an advantage of being environmentally friendly.

Claims (8)

(a) preparing a liquid solution by dissolving an organic monomer having a vinyl group and having moisture retention in water;
(b) mixing a mineral filler, a fertilizer for promoting the growth of the plant, and a coupling agent for bonding the inorganic material and the organic material to each other to prepare a slurry; And
(c) mixing the liquid solution and the slurry in a reactor, and then adding a radical polymerization initiator to perform a polymerization reaction, whereby the organic monomer and the inorganic material are mutually bonded by the coupling agent as the organic monomer is polymerized, Characterized in that an improving agent is synthesized,
Wherein the inorganic filler comprises an absorbent clay mineral and an inorganic filler for enhancing durability,
The inorganic filler and the fertilizer are mixed in an amount of 200 to 800 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic monomer,
Wherein the fertilizer comprises an inorganic fertilizer,
The inorganic filler is an industrial by-product containing purified water sludge or sewage sludge,
Wherein the synthesized soil conditioner has a water content of 80% or more of the water content initially tested after 100 times of dipping in water and drying. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the organic monomer is a carboxylic acid monomer. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a soil improver is added by adding a thickener or a surfactant to prevent the materials participating in the reaction during the synthesis reaction from being separated from each other due to the difference in specific gravity within the reactor. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the coupling agent is a silane-based compound. The method according to claim 1,
The polymerization initiator is mixed in an amount of 0.1 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic monomer,
The coupling agent is mixed in an amount of 0.1 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the inorganic filler,
Wherein the water is mixed in an amount of 10 to 40 parts by weight based on the total weight of the organic monomer, the inorganic filler and the fertilizer. A soil conditioner characterized by being produced by the method according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 5 or claim 7.

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