KR101888631B1 - Apparatus for desalination using solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

The desalination apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention includes a solar thermal evaporation unit 100 for evaporating seawater through solar heat, and a plurality of utility units 210 spaced from each other and coupled to the support member in a sliding manner, A multipurpose unit 200 coupled to a side surface of the evaporator unit 100 for evaporating seawater in a multistage manner using latent heat of condensation as a heat source, A water tank 300 and a water collecting unit 400 connected to the multipurpose unit 200 to collect concentrated water.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus for desalination using solar heat,

The present invention relates to a desalination apparatus using solar heat, more specifically, a multi-utility evaporation method, which induces evaporation of seawater, facilitates maintenance and repair of the apparatus, collects concentrated water having high salinity in addition to fresh water And a desalination apparatus using solar heat with improved evaporation efficiency.

The term "desalination" means a water treatment process for removing high-purity drinking water, domestic water, and industrial water from water (mainly seawater) which is difficult to be directly used for living water or industrial water, Means a device for performing desalination.

Several methods have been tried for the desalination apparatus, such as multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), multiple effect distillation and reverse osmosis (RO). Among them, the multi-utility method utilizes latent heat generated during condensation of seawater repeatedly to induce evaporation and condensation of seawater through various stages, and it is advantageous to desalinate many seawater with relatively low thermal energy.

Conventional desalination systems for desalination of seawater using this multiple utility method are described in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0141843 ("Multi-Utility Atmospheric Desalination System Using Solar Heat and Multiple Heat Sources", Sep. 27, 2013, Technology 1). Prior art 1 can desalinate seawater through a multiple heat source, but it is inconvenient for replacement and maintenance of multiple utility parts, there is no consideration for collection, and radiation efficiency is low.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2013-0141843 ("Multi-Utility Atmospheric Desalination Device Using Solar Heat and Multiple Heat Sources ", Dec. 27, 2013).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for collecting fresh water and concentrated water separately, And a desalination apparatus using solar heat.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a desalination apparatus using solar heat, comprising: a solar thermal evaporation unit for evaporating seawater through solar heat; and a plurality of utility units spaced from each other and slidably coupled to the support, A multi-function unit coupled to a side surface of the solar thermal evaporation unit to evaporate repeated seawater through various stages using latent heat of condensation of steam as a heat source, an upper water tank coupled to an upper portion of the multi- And a collecting part connected to the lower part to collect fresh water and concentrated water.

Further, the utility unit has an angle of 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the ground.

The utility unit may include a plate, a wick attached to one surface of the plate, one end connected to the upper water tank to receive seawater from the upper water tank, and a wick formed on the other surface of the plate in a width direction, And a fresh water channel for collecting the fresh water.

Further, the fresh water channel is formed to be inclined in the width direction of the plate.

The solar thermal evaporator may include a lower water tank to which seawater is supplied, and a transmission unit that is coupled to the lower water tank at one end thereof and transmits incident solar light at a predetermined angle with the lower water tank.

Further, the transmitting portion is adjustable in angle with the lower water tank.

In addition, the upper water tank includes a plurality of seawater supply units, and each of the seawater supply units has a lower part opened to include an engaging part to which an upper part of the utility unit is coupled.

The water collecting unit may include a wall collecting water channel formed on one side in the longitudinal direction and a concentrated collecting water collecting unit located on the lower side of the multi-stage water treating unit.

The collection channel may be inclined in the width direction of the collection section, and the concentration collection section may be inclined in the length direction of the collection section.

According to the desalination apparatus using solar heat according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is easy to replace and repair the multi-function unit.

Further, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the radiation area of the multipurpose part is increased and the evaporation efficiency is improved.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily collect fresh water.

According to the present invention, highly concentrated water with high concentration of salt can be collected.

1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a cross-sectional view of the utility portion of the first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view of the utility portion of the first embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a perspective view of the upper water tank of the first embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a cross-sectional view of the water collecting portion of the first embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a perspective view of a water collecting part of a first embodiment of the present invention;
8 is a side cross-sectional view of the water collecting portion of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional side view in another direction of the water collecting portion of the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.
10 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a desalination apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First embodiment multiple inclination state]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a desalination apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a first embodiment of a desalination apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention comprises a solar- , A multi-function unit (200), an upper water tank (300), and a water collecting unit (400).

The solar thermal evaporation unit 100 includes a lower water tank 110, a transmission unit 120, and a flow path 130, as shown in FIG. 2, configured to evaporate seawater through solar heat.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lower water tank 110 is a place where seawater is supplied and collected, and the seawater is firstly evaporated. A separate seawater supply device (not shown) is connected to the lower water tank 110 to supply seawater S. The reference for supplying the seawater to the lower water tank 110 is based on the water level of the lower water tank 110 and the water level of the lower water tank 110 is notified to the lower water tank 110 A separate configuration is added to notify the water level of the lower water tank 110 to the sea water supply device, and the sea water supply device can determine whether the sea water is supplied or supplied based on the water level.

As shown in FIG. 2, the seawater S supplied to the lower water tank 110 evaporates the solar radiation heat due to the sunlight incident on the lower water tank 110 as a heat source. In order to collect the fresh water, the upper part of the lower water tank 110 must be sealed since it is necessary to induce condensation in a specific region. For this, the transmissive portion 120 is installed.

1 and 2, the transmissive portion 120 is coupled to the lower water tank 110 at one end thereof, and transmits incident solar light at a predetermined angle with the lower water tank 110. [ The transmissive portion 120 may be made of a transparent material to transmit incident solar light, and may be a low iron glass that can transmit solar radiation energy well.

The permeable portion 120 partially closes the upper portion of the lower water tank 110 and guides the water vapor evaporated in the lower water tank 110 in a specific direction as described in the description of the lower water tank 110 do. In the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower ends of the lower water tank 110 and the transmitting unit 120 are brought into contact with each other to guide steam to the right side of FIG.

The lower ends of the lower and upper water tanks 110 and 120 are hinged to each other to adjust an angle formed by the lower water tank 110 and the transmitting unit 120. Adjusting the angle between the lower water tank 110 and the transmitting unit 120 is based on the altitude of the sun, which is a heat source for primarily evaporating the seawater. The angle is reduced or increased corresponding to the change of the altitude of the sun, Thereby making it possible to cope with a change in efficiency.

2, the seawater evaporated in the lower water tank 110 is guided to the right side of the permeable portion 120, but a part of the seawater condensed in the permeable portion 120 flows along the permeable portion 120, The bottom can be. Since the water droplets flowing along the permeable portion 120 are fresh water rather than seawater, a separate flow path for collecting the water droplets is needed to increase the collection efficiency. Therefore, the flow path 130 is provided to prevent the seawater from flowing into the left end of the lower water tank 110 shown in FIG. 2, so that fresh water flowing along the permeable portion 120 is collected separately. When the flow passage 130 for collecting fresh water is provided at the left end of the lower water tank 110, the permeable portion 120 is hinged to the flow passage 130 instead of the lower water tank 110.

As described above, the solar thermal evaporator 100 is configured to evaporate seawater primarily using solar heat as a heat source, and is the first desalination process of the seawater desalination method by the multi-utility method described in the background art.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the multipurpose unit 200 includes a plurality of utility units 210, and is coupled to a side surface of the solar thermal evaporator 100. The multi-function unit 200 is configured to desalinate seawater by a multi-utility method. The multi-function unit 200 evaporates seawater using latent heat of condensation of steam as a heat source. In order to repeatedly evaporate seawater through various stages, 210).

As shown in FIG. 3, the utility units 210 are spaced from each other and are slidably coupled to the support. The number of the utility units 210 may vary as needed. The components serving as a support for coupling the plurality of utilities 210 are the upper water tank 300 and the water collecting part 400 to be described later.

3 and 4, the utility unit 210 includes a plate 211, a wick 212, and a fresh water channel 213.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plate 211 is a plate made of a metal material, and the other surface faces the solar thermal evaporator 100. The other surface of the plate 211 is a part where water vapor evaporated in the lower water tank 110 is condensed to form water droplets.

 When water vapor is condensed on the other surface of the plate 211 by water droplets, the heat is discharged to the surroundings due to the latent heat of condensation (condensation heat), and the heat is transferred to the other space of the plate 211 This latent heat of condensation is the heat source for the multi-stage evaporation. 3 schematically shows the principle of the latent heat of condensation. As shown in FIG. 3, the heated water vapor condenses on the inner surface of the right side of the solar thermal evaporator, and fresh water F In this process, a latent heat of condensation (H) is generated. The latent heat of condensation (H) is transferred to the right side and becomes a heat source for the desalination process by the multi-utility method.

3, the wick 212 is attached to one surface of the plate 211, and one end of the wick 212 is connected to the upper water tank 300 to receive seawater from the upper water tank 300. As shown in FIG. The wick 212 is a kind of cloth having a capillary therein and is connected to the upper water tank 300 and touches the seawater contained in the upper water tank 300 like the plate 211. Since the wick 212 has a capillary therein, the seawater contained in the water tank 300 is slowly moved downward along the inside of the wick 212 due to capillary action and gravity. The seawater is evaporated by the latent heat of condensation (H) generated on the other surface of the plate 211 or on the inner surface of the right side of the solar thermal evaporator 100, and vaporized by steam, And the condensed water is condensed again into the condenser 210, and this process is performed in multiple stages corresponding to the number of the utilities 210.

3, the water vapor evaporated in the wick 212 attached to the outer surface of the solar thermal evaporator 100 generates latent heat of condensation on the first plate adjacent to the right side And condensed. The latent heat of condensation generated in the first plate serves as a heat source to evaporate the seawater supplied to the first wick attached to one surface of the first plate. In this way, Condensation phenomenon occurs.

As described above, in the multi-utility method in which evaporation and condensation are repeatedly performed in various stages, the utility part located at the leftmost one of the utility parts 210 shown in FIG. 2 will have the most thermal energy, Will be. Therefore, the more the seawater is supplied to the utility unit 210 as the position is located on the left side of the utility unit 210, and the evaporation efficiency can be controlled by supplying less seawater to the right side.

The fresh water channel 213 shown in FIG. 4 is formed in the width direction of the other surface of the plate 211 to collect fresh water condensed on the other surface of the plate 211. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the fresh water channel 213 is formed so as to protrude toward the other side of the plate 211, and has a protruding end curved upward, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 It is a diagonally shaped (c) shape with an open top. As shown in FIG. 4, the fresh water channel 213 is inclined in the width direction in order to guide water droplets collected in the fresh water channel 213 in one direction.

The upper part of the utility unit 210 is coupled to the upper water tank 300 and the lower side of the utility unit 210 is located in the water collecting tank 400. This coupling relationship will be described below when describing the upper water tank 300 and the water collecting tank 400 do.

As shown in FIG. 2, the multi-function unit 200 including the above-described configuration is inclined in a direction opposite to the solar heat evaporator 100. That is, the angle formed between the multi-function unit 200 and the ground is 45 to 90 degrees, and in Korea, the highest evaporation efficiency is obtained when the angle is 45 degrees.

The multi-function unit 200 may have a longer length than the multi-function unit 200 when the multi-function unit 200 is formed at the same height without being tilted. This has the effect of increasing the amount of water vapor condensed from the solar thermal evaporation unit 100 and also increasing the length of the utility unit 210 in which condensed water vapor flows down to increase the latent heat of condensation, There is an improving effect.

2 and 3, the upper water tank 300 is connected to the upper portion of the multi-function unit 200 to supply the water to the utility unit 210, and the seawater supply unit 310 and the coupling unit 320).

5, the seawater supply unit 310 is divided into a plurality of spaces in the width direction inside the upper water tank 300, and the seawater supply unit 310 contains seawater. The lower part of the seawater supply part 310 is opened and the opened part is inserted into the coupling part 320 and the upper part of the utility part 210 is inserted into the coupling part 320 in a sliding manner. Since the utility unit 210 is slidably fitted on the side surface of the coupling unit 320, it is easy to combine and replace the utility unit 210.

The wick 212 may be erroneously attached or damaged in the process of attaching the wick 212 to the plate 211. In this case, after the utility unit 210 is removed and repaired or replaced, ). The utility unit 210 and the upper water tank 300 are screwed to each other so that it is inconvenient for the coupling and replacement. However, the utility unit 210 may be coupled with the coupling unit 320 in a sliding manner , There is an effect that replacement and maintenance are simplified.

3, when the utility unit 210 is inserted into the coupling unit 320, the wick 212 contacts with the seawater S, so that seawater is supplied along the wick 212 .

The amount of seawater contained in the plurality of seawater supply units 310 shown in FIG. 5 is large on the side of the solar thermal evaporator 100 and decreases on the opposite side. This is because the utility unit 210 is disposed The amount of evaporation depends on the location.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the water collecting unit 400 is coupled to the lower part of the multi-function unit 200 to collect fresh water and concentrated water. 7 is a perspective view showing the water collecting part 400 separated from the water collecting part 400. As shown in FIG. 7, the water collecting part 400 has a long rectangular shape, And includes a collecting water collecting passage 410 formed at one end of the collecting part 400 in the longitudinal direction.

The fresh water collecting water path 410 is located below the tip of the sloped fresh water path 213. The fresh water collecting water path 410 and the concentrated collecting water part 420 are isolated from each other. The fresh water F flowing along the plate 211 of the utility unit 210 is positioned at the bottom of the fresh water channel 213 along the fresh water channel 213, And collected into the collection channel 410.

As shown in FIG. 8, the hearth collecting water channel 410 is inclined to one side, and a hole is formed at an inclined end of the hearth collecting water channel 410, which discharges the fresh water collected in the hearth collecting water channel 410 to the outside It is for collecting separately.

7, the concentrating collecting part 420 occupies most of the collecting part 400, and the lower end of the collecting part 210 is positioned. As shown in FIG. 6, there may be seawater S that has not yet evaporated even if it flows through the wick 212. In the case of the sea water (S), since the water is partially evaporated seawater, it is concentrated water having a very high salinity. The concentrated water flows along the utility unit 210 to the concentrated water collecting unit 420 without being mixed with the fresh water. The concentrated water collecting unit 420 collects the concentrated water. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the concentrating collecting part 420. As shown in FIG. 9, the collecting collecting part 420 is inclined to the opposite side where the collecting collecting water path 410 is formed. A separate hole is formed at the lower end of the concentrated collecting water collecting part 420 so that concentrated water flowing into the concentrated collecting water collecting part 420 is discharged separately, .

The direction in which the utility unit 210 is positioned in the collection unit 400 is a direction in which the lengthwise direction of the collection unit 400 coincides with the width direction of the utility unit 210. That is, the plurality of the utility units 210 are disposed at a certain distance in the width direction of the collecting unit 400.

[Second embodiment: multiple utility parts are not inclined]

In the case of the multi-function unit 200, the multi-function unit 200 may be in a non-inclined state, which is illustrated in the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Even if the multipurpose unit 200 is not tilted, it is different from the first embodiment in terms of radiation efficiency, and the constitution and effect of desalinating seawater by solar heat and latent heat of condensation as a heat source are the same.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

100: solar thermal evaporator 110: lower water tank
120: transmission part 130:
200: Multiple Utility
210: Utility
211: Plate 212: Wick
213: fresh waterway 214: water tank
300: Upper water tank
310: Seawater supply unit 320:
400: collecting house
410: water collection water column 420: concentration collection water column

Claims (9)

A solar thermal evaporator for evaporating seawater through solar heat;
A plurality of utility units including a plurality of utility units spaced apart from each other and connected to the side of the solar thermal evaporation unit to evaporate repeated seawater through various stages using latent heat of condensation of steam as a heat source;
An upper water tank coupled to an upper portion of the multi-purpose water supply unit to supply seawater; And
A collecting unit coupled to a lower portion of the multi-function unit to collect fresh water and concentrated water;
, ≪ / RTI &
Wherein the upper water tank includes a plurality of seawater supply units,
Wherein each of the seawater supply units has a lower portion opened and a coupling portion in which an upper portion of the utility portion is coupled in a sliding manner,
Wherein the utility portion includes a plate and a wick attached to one surface of the plate,
Wherein the wick contained in the utility unit is exposed to the seawater supply unit and the seawater contained in the upper tank is supplied to the lower portion along the wick when the utility unit is coupled to the coupling unit in a sliding manner. Desalination device.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the utility
Wherein the angle between the water surface and the ground is 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the utility
And a fresh water channel formed on the other surface of the plate in a width direction to collect fresh water condensed on the other surface of the plate.
4. The water treatment system according to claim 3,
Wherein the slurry is formed to be inclined in the width direction of the plate.
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solar-
A lower water tank to which seawater is supplied, and
The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the desalting unit comprises:
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the transmissive portion
Wherein the angle between the lower water tank and the lower water tank is adjustable.
delete The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the water collecting section
A wall collection water channel formed on one side in the longitudinal direction and
And a concentrated collecting water portion located below the multi-function portion.
9. The water treatment system according to claim 8,
And is inclined in the width direction of the collecting part,
The concentrated water collecting unit
Wherein the water collecting part is inclined in the longitudinal direction of the water collecting part.

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