KR101886960B1 - Apparatus for sealing combined piston rod of air injection system - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed is an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus. The air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus according to one embodiment comprises: an upper sealing unit in which at least one sealing ring is formed to block introduction of superheated air in a lower partition into a lower portion; a lower sealing unit disposed below the upper sealing unit and configured to include at least one gas tight ring for blocking system oil from flowing upward through a piston rod; and a middle unit formed between the upper sealing unit and the lower sealing unit to form a recovery space for collecting leaking system oil. The upper sealing unit and the lower sealing unit can be kept air-tight by supplying the air to the upper sealing unit and the lower sealing unit, respectively.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an air-

The following embodiments relate to an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to an air injection type composite type piston rod sealing apparatus applicable to a main engine for a ship.

Currently, large-sized diesel engines continue to be large-sized and high-powered, and due to the enlargement of the inner diameter of the cylinders due to the enlargement, a separate external supply lubrication device is provided, and a crosshead, Head type engine.

In addition, the air required for combustion of diesel engines, such as the desired supply method and the exhaust method, have undergone many changes, and the supply of exhaust gas through the lower part of the piston liner and the exhaust part at the uppermost part of the cylinder head have been established. (uniflow) method (radiator, bulb exhaust system).

The basic structure of a large-sized diesel engine is composed of a continuous explosion of the upper part, a combustion part, a vertical power transmitting part, a lower linear driving support part, and a rotary motion converting part, and is divided into upper and lower parts according to function and role. The sealing device is formed in a structure in which it plays a role. Here, the sealing device may be a stuffing box.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] Generally, in a large-sized diesel engine for a marine vessel, a small-sized compartment (partition plate) is provided between a crank chamber and an engine crankcase. The piston rod is provided with a stuffing ring Device).

7 is a view for explaining a conventional stuffing box.

7, in the conventional stuffing box 40, the outer periphery of the piston rod 30 is sealed with the airtight ring 10 and the oil scraper ring 11, so that the cylinder oil including the combustion residue from the engine dust chamber And has an oil scraping function for scraping off the system oil attached to the piston rod 30 and returning it to the crank chamber.

The oil scraper ring 11 is constituted by a combination of three divided ring bodies having two rail portions, and a coil spring 20 is disposed on the outer periphery thereof. The inner circumferential surface of the oil scraper ring 11 is biased to the outer peripheral surface of the piston rod 30 by the contracting force of the coil spring 20 and is attached to the surface of the piston rod at the time of reciprocating movement of the piston rod 30, Scrape moving system oil to prevent over-consumption of system oil. Further, an oil passage hole 21 is formed between the two races to connect the inner circumference side to the outer circumference side to facilitate the removal and discharge of the scraped system oil.

A communication hole 41 is formed in the ring groove at the first stage from above the oil scraper ring groove to prevent the cylinder oil including the combustion residues from the engine crush chamber and the oil scraper ring 11 from being scratched, The system oil drained from the piston rod 30 is discharged into the oil passage hole 21 of the oil scraper ring 11 in the ring groove of the second stage or less, And is returned to the crank chamber by the hole 42 formed in the outer periphery of the ring groove. In general, the system oil is expensive compared to fuel or cylinder oil, and the consumption of the system oil greatly affects the operation cost of the ship, so it is strongly desired to reduce the consumption amount of the system oil.

The inner structure of such a sealing device is generally divided into three stages, and the upper side serves as an air seal that blocks the supercharge air of the scavenging space from entering the lower engine rotation portion, The lower side serves to prevent the scattered system oil of the rotary motion part from being leaked or lost to the upper side through the piston rod, and has a structure in which the oil recovery space is installed in the middle.

As can be seen from the structure and the role of the above-described sealing device, it is known that there is no mechanical operation or load burden, and that the structural strength required for absorbing and holding the frictional force of the internal airtight sealing for blocking the upper and lower portions is required . Here, the maximum pressure of the upper side scavenging compartment is currently 2.5 kg / cm ² (usually 1.7 kg) and the lower side usually maintains the normal pressure with a structure having an atmospheric vent.

The dynamic effect of the piston rod on the sealing device and the internal airtight ring is such that the maximum allowable clearance between the upper piston and the liner is 3 mm (typically 1.16 mm or less) and the piston is the elastic support of the upper piston ring. mm, and the lower part is the maximum clearance of 0.6 mm (usually 0.28 mm or less) in the left and right direction of the crosshead, and the maximum clearance is 1.0 mm (usually 0.85 mm or less) 1.0 mm or less.

During the past 40 years, the marine diesel engine has made considerable progress in the development of high output and high efficiency by developing its structure, materials, and additional devices in various parts of the engine, but the improvement of the sealing device has been insignificant. In addition, although there is a slight difference according to each engine manufacturer, a multi-step groove is provided inside the sealing device, and a plurality (3-5) of airtight ring pieces are assembled and inserted into each groove with a spring, There is no change in the basic structure designed to serve as a seal. Accordingly, a more accurate sealing apparatus is required.

As mentioned above, the conventional sealing device absorbs the frictional force between the piston rod and the airtight rings and maintains the position of the airtight ring. In spite of its small role as a structural material, the cast iron casing The structure is a heavy weight type and tends to be over designed.

The upper side of the sealing device is a clearance gap between the piston ring and the cylinder liner so that a part of the combustion gas and the carbonized residue enter the scavenging compartment together with a part of the system oil supplied by the external lubrication apparatus, This is the area where the degree of contamination increases. In addition, the upper side of the sealing device has a scavenging pressure proportional to the engine output during operation, and the surplus receding cylinder system oil maintains a high degree of alkalinity in nature, so that the lower part of the sealing device is prevented from being mixed with the lower- do.

Particularly, in the upper scavenging compartment, there is a possibility that the explosion gas flame passing through the cylinder liner and the piston ring, which are sometimes poorly maintained, is directly sprayed downward to cause a fire. Therefore, until the completion of the fire extinguishing operation by the fire extinguishing apparatus, The sealing ring on the top of the sealing device shall be of a safe material so that it is fully protected and can maintain its normal role.

The lower part of the sealing device is lubricated with the bearing, and the scattered influent is viscously attached to the piston rod. Since the viscous system oil tends to move to the upper side scavenging compartment due to the upward and downward movement of the piston rod, it effectively blocks the unnecessary consumption of the system oil .

In order to smoothly transfer the lubricating oil from the upper side of the shut-off cylinder and the bearing system oil of the lower side through the appropriate exhaust and reduction passages, Appropriate compartments and facilities shall be provided.

This basic driving situation is becoming more severe due to intensive administration for improving the output and increasing trend of supercharging pressure applied to the scavenging compartment and the burden thereof is directly transmitted to the sealing device, A sealing device capable of effectively controlling and preventing problems such as contamination and an increase in consumed amount of the sealing member is more emphasized.

In order to increase the sealing force by the existing system for effective sealing, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the airtight ring close to the piston rod and to enlarge the contact surface with the piston rod through the airtightness of the airtight ring. However, A sudden increase in contact wear is inevitable and a vicious cycle in which the mutual contact occurs is expected.

Although the present invention is applied to a product which improves the scraping effect by deforming the shape instead of reducing the contact surface and the non-metalization by varying the material and shape of the airtight ring, basically, There is no change in the structure of the effect. And degradation of performance can not be avoided when either of the mutual contact surfaces due to the passage of the operation time is deformed.

The increase in contact area and contact pressure applied to the piston rods, along with the various roles required above, is due to the damping effect of the output, resulting in a reduction in engine efficiency. Also, technically, there is an increase in the consumption of the lower system oil, an increase in the alkalinity due to the incorporation of the cylinder system oil, and consequent lacquer lamination on the bearing surface, and the foreign matter deposited in the airtight ring material wears , The unbalanced surface pressure and the partial contact phenomenon are generated by the pressure air on the upper side of the airtight ring surface contact portion during operation to cause scratch damage to the piston rod and to improve the outer surface treatment level of the required piston rod There is a problem. Therefore, structural change of the sealing device is required along with high output.

As described above, in the existing sealing apparatus, the cost of repairing the outer periphery due to abrasion deformation of the piston rod is increased due to frictional wear and leakage, the cost of replacing the hermetically sealed hermetic ring is increased, and operation safety is deteriorated because leakage can not be confirmed during operation. In addition, the performance of the system oil due to the leakage loss of the bearing system oil and the leakage of the polluted oil is deteriorated in the conventional sealing apparatus.

Korean Patent No. 10-1078522 discloses a technique relating to a vapor leakage reduction apparatus for a four-stroke diesel engine using such a V-ring contact hermetic ring.

The embodiments describe a composite piston rod sealing apparatus of an air injection type, and more specifically, a structure and a sealing method of a piston rod sealing apparatus mounted on a large-sized diesel main engine, so as to be safer, To provide an efficient sealing technique.

Embodiments can provide a relatively high-pressure air chamber in the interior of the sealing device to block the overflowing air of the upper-side hatching compartment from entering the lower part, and can prevent the gap between the piston rod and the sealing ring A relatively high-pressure air stored in the air chamber is injected in an upward direction in the reverse direction, thereby preventing the leakage of the air, minimizing the friction loss, and preventing the leakage of the contaminated oil. .

The present invention relates to a composite piston rod sealing device for an air injection system, comprising: an upper sealing part configured to form at least one sealing ring in order to block inflow air from entering a lower part of a scavenging compartment; A lower sealing portion disposed below the upper sealing portion and configured to include at least one gas tight ring for blocking system oil from flowing upward through a piston rod; And an intermediate sealing portion formed between the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion to form a recovery space for leakage of the system oil, wherein the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion can be kept airtight by supplying air, respectively .

And an uppermost sealing portion disposed on the upper end of the upper sealing portion and including a reinforced sealing ring that seals the piston rod and maintains a minimum gap therebetween.

The intermediate sealing portion may include a hermetic ring having upper and lower air injection nozzles in the upper and lower sides for blocking the upper and lower portions, and a passage for collecting each leakage system oil.

At least one of the upper sealing portion, the lower sealing portion and the intermediate sealing portion may be connected to the air chamber formed on the outside or inside of the small room so as to maintain airtightness by supplying relatively high pressure air.

At least one or more of the upper sealing portion, the lower sealing portion and the intermediate sealing portion may each have a plurality of ring grooves, and the airtight rings may be respectively coupled to the ring grooves of the plurality of stages.

The upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion may have discharge ports formed in the ring grooves of the respective stages so as not to affect the airtightness of the adjacent ends, and may be individually discharged at each of the stages.

The shape of the ring groove at each end may be different from that of the airtight ring if necessary. When the contact surface of the one airtight ring is enlarged, the surface of the lower end of the groove may be formed into a diagonal slanting shape.

Wherein the upper sealing portion includes a sealing ring having a scraping operation and an upper air injection nozzle for blocking inflow of the boost air, wherein the airtight ring, in which the air injection nozzle is formed, When the gap between the rod and the airtight ring is generated, relatively high-pressure air stored in the air chamber is injected in an upward direction in the reverse direction, thereby blocking the leakage.

The lower sealing portion may include a sealing ring formed with a scraping operation of the system oil adhered to the piston rod and a downward air injection nozzle blocking the upward flow of the system oil through the piston rod.

The upper sealing portion may be composed of two or three stages, and the bottom sealing portion may be composed of three stages.

Wherein the airtight ring includes an air injection nozzle ring in which air is supplied to maintain airtightness; A lip seal coupled to the air injection nozzle ring so as to be spaced apart from the air injection nozzle ring and closely contacted to the piston rod by the pressure of supply air; And a supply air passage formed between the air injection nozzle ring and the lip seal, wherein the air injection nozzle ring, the lip seal, and the supply air passage are integrally formed.

Wherein the airtight ring further comprises a spring inserted circumferentially into the outer end portion, the spring securing a uniform circumferential adhesion force and, in conjunction with the supply air pressure, allowing the internal air pressure to maintain at least the minimum injection pressure, Can be designed.

The airtight ring is supplied such that the air injection pressure of the air injection nozzle is maintained at a pressure higher than the supercharge pressure of the upper scavenging compartment, and the air supply system can be designed to enable selective use of the external air supply system and the internal air pressure supply system have.

The airtight ring can adjust an amount of supplied air and a pressure by inserting an orifice in each stage.

The supply air pressure is variably supplied and varied corresponding to the fluctuating pressure, so that it can be automatically changed to a certain additional pressure.

It is possible to process the internal piping so that the air pressure supplied to the airtight rings at each stage can be confirmed from the outside and connect the chamber lines to the outside in a collecting pipe form so that confirmation of the sealing state can always be made after assembly or during operation .

The airtight ring of the airtight composite type piston rod sealing device according to another embodiment includes an air injection nozzle ring in which air is supplied to maintain airtightness; A lip seal coupled to the air injection nozzle ring so as to be spaced apart from the air injection nozzle ring and closely contacted to the piston rod by the pressure of supply air; And a supply air passage formed between the air injection nozzle ring and the lip seal, wherein the air injection nozzle ring, the lip seal, and the supply air passage are integrally formed.

According to the embodiments, it is possible to provide a relatively high-pressure air chamber in the interior of the sealing device to block the overflow air of the upper side hatching compartment from entering into the lower part, and to prevent the piston rods and the sealing ring A relatively high-pressure air stored in the air chamber is injected in an upward direction opposite to the air chamber, thereby preventing leakage of the air, minimizing friction loss, and preventing the leakage of contaminated oil. Device can be provided.

According to the embodiments, it is possible not only to increase the airtight effect, but also to remove and reduce oil, and to reduce the cost of replacing parts. Further, according to the embodiments, it is possible to improve the ease of inspection and maintenance, and to perform maintenance and inspection in the hatching section, thereby ensuring operational safety.

1 is a view for explaining an uppermost sealing part according to an embodiment.
2 is a view for explaining an upper sealing portion according to an embodiment.
3 is a view for explaining an intermediate sealing portion according to an embodiment.
4 is a view for explaining a bottom sealing part according to one embodiment.
5 is a view for explaining a modification of a B & W type engine according to an embodiment.
6 is a view for explaining a modification of a UEC-type engine according to an embodiment.
7 is a view for explaining a conventional stuffing box.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments described may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below. In addition, various embodiments are provided to more fully describe the present invention to those skilled in the art. The shape and size of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity.

The following embodiments are intended to solve the problems caused by frictional wear and leakage of existing sealing apparatuses. In order to minimize the friction parts and ensure the sealing effect, a new sealing method for preventing loss and degeneration of the secondary system oil Apparatus, and method.

Embodiments can provide a relatively high-pressure air chamber in the interior of the sealing device with a basic structure, thereby preventing the supercharge air in the hatching compartment of the upper sealing portion formed on the upper side from being leaked to the lower portion. In addition, when the gap between the piston rod and the sealing ring due to the piston movement is generated, the relatively high-pressure air stored in the air chamber is injected in the upward direction in the reverse direction, thereby preventing leakage of the lubricant, minimizing the friction loss, The mouth can be blocked at its source. Also, the sealing method applied to the lower part is similar to the sealing method applied to the upper part described above, and the upper leakage can be positively blocked by the combination of the physical removal method and the injection of the pressurized air.

Embodiments relate to a structure and sealing method of a piston rod sealing device mounted on a large-sized diesel main engine, and to an efficient sealing device and method that can make the operation more safe, efficient, and economical.

An air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus according to an embodiment may include three functional sections.

The upper sealing portion disposed on the upper side of the sealing device can serve as an air seal for blocking inflow of the supercharge air of the small size compartment to the bottom. The top seal may have a two-stage or three-stage airtight ring with an upwardly directed air injection nozzle to block the inflow of the boost air with a scraping operation. Here, the upper sealing portion of the sealing device may be constituted of a two-stage or three-stage airtight ring as well as a gas-tight ring composed of one or more stages.

On the other hand, the sealing device may further include an uppermost sealing portion on the upper side of the upper sealing portion. The uppermost sealing portion may be formed by mounting a cover sealing ring of a reinforced material, and may be installed separately or together with the upper sealing portion.

The lower sealing portion on the lower side of the sealing device can block the system oil of the rotating portion from being leaked or lost to the upper portion through the piston rod. Furthermore, the bottom sealing portion can be mounted in a two-stage or a three-stage airtight ring, which performs both the physical scraping operation of the attachment of the piston rod and the downward air injection nozzle function as the oil removal and sealing function. Here, in the lower sealing portion of the sealing device, a hermetic ring composed of one or more stages as well as a two-stage or three-stage hermetic ring can be constituted.

Further, an intermediate sealing portion may be disposed between the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion of the sealing device. The intermediate sealing portion may be provided with a hermetic ring having an air injection nozzle of an upward and downward air injection function and a passage for collecting the respective leaked oil.

Here, the close contact structure of the airtight ring is such that a uniform spring force in the circumferential direction is inserted into the outer and end portions of the airtight ring having the respective air injection nozzles in a circumferential direction to secure a uniform circumferential adhesion force, The air pressure and the spring tension can be designed so that the air pressure of the air pressure is maintained equal to or higher than the minimum injection pressure.

The air injection pressure of the air injection nozzle of the airtight ring for sealing must always be supplied above the supercharge pressure of the upper compartment, and the air supply system can be selectively used for the external air supply system and the internal air (scavenging) pressure supply system. . In the case of the external air supply method, the air chamber can be installed outside the small room, and in the case of the internal air pressure supply method, the air chamber can be installed inside the small room. At this time, regardless of the external air supply method and the internal air pressure supply method, the pressure control can be adjusted to the scavenge pressure interlock type so that the unnecessary air consumption and the pressure applied to the piston rod can be reduced. This makes it possible to operate the sealing apparatus efficiently.

The airtight ring for each sealing can be composed of a material which is selected from synthetic rubber, resin-based heat-resistant and abrasion-resistant material and has elasticity for a long period of time.

On the other hand, the inevitable friction portion due to the up-and-down motion of the piston at the contact portion of the airtight ring can be made to have a structure having a clean contact surface at all times by air injection while maintaining the lubricated state.

Since the housing (casing) of the sealing device is less susceptible to deformation in consideration of the mounting position and the additional stress, it is not necessarily required to be a conventional high strength cast iron of the left and right separation type. Accordingly, the housing of the sealing device can be constructed not only in the existing high-strength cast iron of the left and right separation type, but also in a rigid assembly type of other materials and a convenient structure for disassembly and inspection. In this case, the upper and lower surfaces of the ring grooves in each stage may be perpendicular to the axial center of the piston, and the lower mounting portion may be designed in consideration of the bolt hole and the bolt hole pitch so as to be fixed to the existing engine frame .

The structure of the airtight ring can be assembled with a airtight ring in the ring groove. The airtight ring inserted into each of the ring grooves of these stages can be manufactured in consideration of the shape and manufacturing cost. For example, the airtight ring can reduce the cost of replacing the consumable material by making it possible to insert a separate role airtight ring, which is a consumable material, into a durable retainer if necessary. In addition, the connection of the airtight ring can be made of a special coupling type (keeping the circular contact structure by automatic reduction at the time of wear) against wear reduction.

Hereinafter, an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus according to one embodiment will be described as one example.

The sealing device may have two or three stages of ring grooves and airtight rings of the upper sealing portion in the inside thereof and may have ring grooves and airtight rings of two or three stages of the bottom sealing portion. In addition, a separate supply air chamber can be provided in the middle of the individual recovery space of the leakage oil, and the air passage connected to each groove in the housing can be vertically or horizontally processed to be smoothly and appropriately supplied to the individual groove.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an uppermost sealing part according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a view for explaining an upper sealing part according to an embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a view for explaining an intermediate sealing part according to an embodiment . And FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a bottom sealing portion according to an embodiment. The composite piston rod sealing apparatus of the air injection system according to one embodiment may be realized by the combination of FIG. 1 to FIG. For example, an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus may include an upper sealing portion, a lower sealing portion, and an intermediate sealing portion. As another example, an air-injected composite piston rod sealing apparatus may comprise an uppermost seal, an upper seal, a bottom seal, and an intermediate seal. Here, the upper sealing portion, the lower sealing portion, and the intermediate sealing portion may be composed of at least one stage including a hermetic ring coupled to the airtight groove.

1 to 4, an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus according to an embodiment includes an upper sealing portion 200, a lower sealing portion 400, and an intermediate sealing portion 300 have. According to an embodiment, an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus may further include an uppermost sealing portion 100.

First, as shown in Fig. 1, the uppermost sealing portion 100 may include a sealing ring of a reinforcing material disposed on the uppermost side of the sealing device and aiming at a minimum distance between the piston rod p and the sealing ring The airtight ring can be called a cover airtight ring.

For example, the uppermost sealing portion 100 may include a hermetic ring coupled to one ring groove, and the hermetic ring may be divided into upper and lower portions 110 and 120 to form an air supply passage 130 in the middle.

In other words, the uppermost sealing portion 100 includes at least one airtight ring, and the airtight ring is in close contact with the inside of the groove and aims to maintain the minimum spacing with the piston rod p, mm), it is possible to remove foreign matters of relatively large particles and to make the deposition difficult. The upper support portion of the fixing groove has an open structure of partial support for quick discharge to the outside, and the material is made of a metal or a special resin series having self-lubricating refractory property so that the airtight ring makes sliding contact in partial and intermittent contact, The labyrinth grooves 140 can be machined. At this time, the upper portion 110 and the lower portion 120 are formed in the same shape, and a space is formed in the middle portion to form the air supply passage 130, so that the foreign matter and the leaked cylinder oil can be smoothly discharged. The upper and lower portions 110 and 120 may be provided with micro-tension springs 150 to improve the adhesion to the piston rod p.

Referring to FIG. 2, the upper sealing part 200 may be formed with at least one sealing ring to block the inflow of the superfluous air into the lower part of the scavenging compartment.

The upper sealing portion 200 may include a scraping operation and a hermetic ring in which an upward air injection nozzle for blocking inflow of the boost air is formed. The airtight ring in which the air injection nozzle is formed is sprayed in an upward direction in which the relatively high pressure air stored in the air chamber is generated when the gap between the piston rod p and the airtight ring due to the piston movement is generated. As described above, by forming the upper airtight ring of the air injection hermetic ring into the injection nozzle, the instantaneous speed of the air injection can be increased and an efficient sealing action is possible.

The upper sealing part 200 may be formed of one or a plurality of stages, and one end may include a hermetic ring formed in a ring groove. For example, the upper sealing portion 200 may be composed of two or three stages and may include two or three airtight rings formed at each end.

The air injection hermetic ring formed at each end is divided into upper and lower portions to form an air supply passage 230 in the middle, a spray nozzle at the upper portion, and a tight airtight ring at the lower portion by air pressure, .

The airtight ring, which is inserted into the ring groove to perform a substantially sealing action, is formed in the upper end of the air injection nozzle ring A lip seal 220 which is closely contacted to the piston rod 210 by the pressure of the supply air is vertically coupled and a supply air passage 230 is installed therebetween. In addition, the discharge holes 241 and 251 may be formed in the lower part of the ring groove to be connected to the lower discharge ports 240 and 250.

In other words, the airtight ring is composed of an air injection nozzle ring 210 supplied with air and kept air-tight, a lip seal 220 which is vertically coupled to the air injection nozzle ring and closely contacted with the pressure of the supply air to the piston rod p, And a feed air passage 230 formed between the air injection nozzle ring and the lip seal. At this time, the air injection nozzle ring 210, the lip seal 220, and the supply air passage 230 may be integrally formed.

Here, the airtight ring further includes a spring (260) inserted in the circumferential direction at the outer end portion, the spring (260) securing a uniform circumferential adhesion force and, in conjunction with the supply air pressure, Spring tension can be designed to maintain the spring tension.

Accordingly, the integrated air injection nozzle ring 210 and the lip seal 220 are fitted with the spring 260 of the fine tension on the outer periphery of the end portion which is in close contact with the piston rod p to maintain the proper contact force and correspond to the upper and lower air pressures So that the instantaneous high-speed injection function and the reliable close-contact and sealing function can be performed.

The upper sealing part 200 is formed with discharge ports 240 and 250 through which air and foreign substances are discharged to the ring grooves of the respective stages so as not to affect the airtightness of the adjacent end,

3, the intermediate sealing portion 300 disposed below the upper sealing portion 200 is provided with a plurality of air injection nozzle rings 310 and 320 each having an air injection nozzle having both upward and downward air injection functions, A passage for leakage oil recovery may be provided. More specifically, the intermediate sealing portion 300 is provided with bidirectional air injection nozzles for blocking the upper and lower portions, and spaces for discharging the leakage oil and mixed oil are provided inside the upper and lower groove separating plates of the upper and lower nozzles, To be connected to an external tank. The size of the main discharge pipe inside the housing may be such that the natural flow of the leakage oil is not disturbed and may be approximately equal to or greater than the size of the ring groove.

One airtight ring of the intermediate sealing portion 300 is formed with a plurality of air jet nozzle rings 310 and 320 having upper and lower air jet nozzles on both sides to block the upper and lower portions, And a feed air passage 330 formed in the middle of the nozzle rings 310 and 320.

4, a lower sealing portion 400 may be disposed below the intermediate sealing portion 300, and a two-stage or three-stage sealing ring in the lower sealing portion 400 may surround the lower sealing portion 400, it is possible to prevent it from moving upward along the p-axis.

The lower sealing portion 400 is provided with a sealing ring in which a scraping operation of the system oil attached to the piston rod p and a downward air spraying nozzle for blocking the upward flow of the system oil through the piston rod p . Here, the bottom sealing portion 400 may include a plurality of airtight rings disposed in three or more stages, but may be formed in two stages or one stage as necessary.

The airtight ring of the lower sealing portion 400 is composed of an air injection nozzle ring 410 to which air is supplied and kept airtight like airtight rings of the upper sealing portion 200, And a supply air passage 430 formed between the air injection nozzle ring 410 and the lip seal 420. The lip seal 420 and the lip seal 420 may be made of the same material. At this time, the air injection nozzle ring 410, the lip seal 420, and the supply air passage 430 may be integrally formed.

Wherein the airtight ring further comprises a spring (460) circumferentially inserted into the outer end of the air injection nozzle ring (410) and the lip seal (420), the spring (460) securing a uniform circumferential adhesion Spring tension can be designed to maintain the internal air pressure above the minimum injection pressure in conjunction with the supply air pressure.

The shape of the airtight ring can be formed so as to physically remove a large amount of system oil by adhering to the piston rod p and performing a scraping action. The end portions 450 and 460 of the airtight rings (air injection nozzle ring 410 and lip seal 420) having a downward acute-angled shape in cross section are formed in a surface contact shape having labyrinth grooves 460, The lower part may have an inclined outlet.

The upper and lower airtight sealing rings of the lower sealing portion 400 are joined together by the upper and lower portions having spaces for supplying air in the middle, and the airtight nozzle ring 410, which is the upper side airtight ring, A plurality of air holes led to the middle portion of the contact surface of the end portion of the airtight ring are provided on the lower surface of the airtight ring so as to balance the pressure. And the adhesion of the airtight ring can be improved. The lip seal 420, which is the lower side air tight ring at each end, has a diagonal protrusion 460 similarly to the upper portion. However, its function is to improve the discharge efficiency of the oil and improve the scraping efficiency. And a groove on the lower surface of the airtight ring connected to the airtight hole.

In addition, the lower sealing portion 400 may be made of a material that is harder than the airtight ring so that the function of adhering it to the piston rod p by the supplied air pressure is reduced, and the role of the scraping and the fine pressure air injection are simultaneously performed can do. That is, it is designed to simultaneously perform the function of scraping in close contact with the partial pressure air shutoff function, so that it is possible to smoothly discharge the removed oil into the crank chamber. At this time, it is preferable that the labyrinth grooves 460 formed on the surface of the airtight ring contacting the piston rod p should be precisely formed, and that the size and position of the air holes and the system oil discharge hole are correct.

It is necessary to reduce the supply pressure because the supply air of the bottom sealing portion 400 for sealing is in an atmospheric pressure state different from that of the upper portion and the air to be injected is lost to the outside. Therefore, the supply air used for the downward pressure injection for sealing purpose, by specifically inserting an orifice into the main passage of the supply air to make it relatively low in pressure and appropriately size and arrangement of the discharge passage, May be designed to increase the effluent removal efficiency of the removal oil as it escapes to the recovery and discharge passages of the system oil through the oil discharge hole.

Further, the lower sealing portion 400 may be formed by discharging the air injected into the ring grooves of each stage and the discharge port for discharging the foreign substance so as not to affect the airtightness of the adjacent end, and may be individually discharged at each stage.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, it is possible to constitute a hermetic ring in which an air injection nozzle is formed to supply air to the upper sealing portion 200, the intermediate sealing portion 300, and the lower sealing portion 400, respectively have.

The upper sealing portion 200, the intermediate sealing portion 300, and the lower sealing portion 400 may each have a plurality of ring grooves, and the airtight rings may be coupled to the plurality of ring grooves, respectively. For example, the upper sealing portion 200 may be formed by coupling the ring groove formed by the two-tiered three-tiered structure with the airtight ring, and the three-tiered ring groove and the airtight ring may be formed on the bottomed sealing portion 400 . The intermediate sealing portion 300 may be formed of one or a plurality of stages.

The upper sealing portion 200, the intermediate sealing portion 300, and the lower sealing portion 400 may be connected to an air chamber formed on the outside or inside of the small room so as to maintain airtightness by supplying relatively high pressure air. Here, a small air pressure formed inside the air used in the sealing device can be used. The small pressure used in the sealing device can be increased and stored in the chamber of the sealing device and the corresponding gap can be positively sprayed when leakage gap is generated in the airtight portion during operation. It is possible to arbitrarily adjust the pressure increase ratio of the small pressure required for sealing.

In other words, since the pressure in the scavenging section fluctuates in accordance with the engine power, the supply air pressure is variably supplied and varied corresponding to the fluctuation pressure, and can be automatically changed to a certain additional pressure.

In addition, since it is not a sealing method in which the piston rod p is scraped off by the adhesion force by the existing high strength spring, the state of the piston rod p is not highly smooth and it is possible to coat the piston rod p so as not to adhere the oil to the piston rod.

In the conventional sealing method, it is necessary to form a one-piece airtight ring by combining several pieces of airtight rings with springs for effective pressure contact and wear margin on the surface of the piston rod p. However, according to the embodiment, Thus making it possible to use a single, sealed ring with flexibility.

The airtight ring is supplied so that the air injection pressure of the air injection nozzle is maintained above the supercharging pressure of the upper scavenging compartment, and the air supply system can be designed to enable selective use of the external air supply system and the internal air pressure supply system. In particular, the airtight ring can adjust the supply air amount and pressure by inserting an orifice in each stage. For example, it is possible to design the air supply passage of the housing of the sealing device vertically and horizontally to allow the insertion of the orifice and the pragging operation, and to adjust the supply air amount and pressure by inserting the orifice, if necessary.

The shape of the groove of each step may be different according to need, and when the contact surface of the one airtight ring is enlarged, the surface of the lower end of the groove may be formed into a diagonal slanting shape.

Then, the internal piping is processed so that the air pressure supplied to the airtight rings at each stage can be confirmed from the outside, so that each chamber line is connected in a collecting pipe form to the outside, and confirmation of the sealed state can be made always after assembly or during operation .

On the other hand, when the existing main engine sealing apparatus is modified and applied, a drain trap can be installed in the leakage flow pipe so that the air supply and the leakage oil discharge can be made available to the same pipe.

In the conventional various engines, the grooves and the airtight rings in the sealing device are designed to be floating type so that the airtight rings are closely contacted to the piston rods (p) by the force of the springs, and the grooves of the sealing devices, The sealing ring and the sealing device are elastically supported in the grooves so as to be unified and the end portions of the respective sealing rings have a stretch margin of about 3 mm An active system that positively responds to external shocks and fluctuations of the piston rods p can be implemented.

As described above, according to the embodiments, the airtight ring having the air injection nozzle, which is a core component, can perform the function of the nozzle without deformation even after the operation time, and can maintain the inherent shape holding method and the constant adhesion force.

In the following, the air injection function and the close contact function of the piston rod are described in more detail.

Since the nozzle sealing ring plays a role of completely blocking the inflow of the lower-pressure air of the upper sealing portion, the shape of the nozzle sealing ring is changed into a divergent nozzle, .

The speed of movement of the piston rod is considerably high at a speed of 2.2 m (stroke) * 2 (cycle) * 100/60 (rpm / sec) = 7.3 m / sec (maximum 10.5 m / sec) A special device is required to prevent the shape of the nozzle from changing in order to cope with the rolling force and the frictional force exerted on the nozzle airtight ring because the swing gap of the crosshead becomes approximately 1.0 mm at the maximum allowable gap of the crosshead. In order to deal with this elasticity, a weak spring is provided at the end of each of the airtight rings together with the circumferential springs, so that the flexible shape maintaining function corresponding to the piston motion can be provided.

The close contact function of the piston rod is a function of a protruding type airtight ring having a direction that is naturally closely adhered to the upper and lower portions by the supply air pressure and a cushion ring (supporting pressure on the inner surface of the groove) The air pressure difference between upper and lower portions of the airtight ring, and elasticity inherent to the material of the airtight ring, and the like.

The air supplied to the lower side can be selectively used to reduce the amount of air supplied through the orifice or to reduce the consumption of air, which makes an intermittent spray.

In addition, the sealing device may have a variable pressure-responsive air supply function.

In the engine compartment, air is supplied to the auxiliary section outside the engine during engine startup and low-speed operation sections. When the engine reaches a predetermined number of revolutions, the engine compartment is automatically stopped by the auxiliary section and the exhaust gas of the engine is driven. It is possible to appropriately supply the air required for the output.

The supply air pressure is variably supplied and varied corresponding to the fluctuation pressure, so that it can be automatically changed to a certain additional pressure.

There are two types of constant pressure pressure booster devices corresponding to the desired pressure. First, the booster pressure interlock type is a type in which an external device for boosting a certain pressure higher than the desired pressure is delivered by supplying a part of the desired pressure Secondly, the external air supply type can be a structure for sensing the desired pressure (using the signal pressure) and supplying the air with constant pressure, which corresponds to the pressure.

Further, the sealing device can make it possible to externally confirm the sealing ring performance.

The airtight rings of the upper and lower parts of the sealing device may be supplied with air for sealing, foreign matters, cleaning agents such as removing oil, and exhausting air. The internal piping is machined so that the air pressure of each supply air chamber can be confirmed from the outside of the sealing device, and the individual chamber lines are led out to the outside in a collecting pipe form so that the performance after assembling can be checked and monitored during operation .

Arrangement and processing of the inner pipe of the housing can be vertical and horizontal, and the space of the housing can be utilized to make a proper arrangement.

The housing of the sealing device may be made of a multi-dividing structure that facilitates disassembly and inspection in consideration of the internal piping and the passages described above, and the material may be made of a material that can be easily processed.

Further, the sealing device may include an external discharge function of the leakage oil.

Mixing of the top seal The external discharge of contaminated leakage oil is applicable to both gravity discharge and post-storage pressure discharge. At this time, in case of pressure discharge, the pipe can be designed so as to discharge smoothly by using an auxiliary device such as a drain trap.

The discharge of the bottom seal system oil can be designed to smoothly and promptly discharge the holes in the bottom of each groove provided in the housing and the pipes for discharging gravity to the crankcase.

The airtight ring of the airtight composite type piston rod sealing device according to another embodiment may include an air injection nozzle ring, a lip seal, and a supply air passage as described above.

More specifically, the airtight ring of the airtight composite type piston rod sealing device is vertically coupled to the air injection nozzle ring, air supply nozzle ring, air supply and airtightness maintaining, and the piston rod (p) And a supply air passage formed between the air injection nozzle ring and the lip seal. At this time, the air injection nozzle ring, the lip seal, and the supply air passage may be integrally formed.

Hereinafter, an application example of an air injection type composite piston rod sealing apparatus according to one embodiment will be described.

First, the type of ship main engine and the structure of the sealing device for each engine will be described.

For example, the B & W type main engine is the main type of main engine of the large ship, and the structure characteristics of the MC type sealing device are analyzed as follows.

The sealing device of B & W MC type engine is comparatively smaller than other engines, and it is a cast iron mold that is divided into right and left halves. It has one step of external exposure and six stages of six stages in total, and the third stage of the upper sealing part The air and the portion of the cylinder system oil are blocked from moving to the lower crank chamber, and the four ends of the lower sealed portion are responsible for discharging the piston rod attachment of the system oil to the crank chamber through scraping.

The uppermost hermetic ring of the upper hermetic seal serves as a scraping function to remove the foreign matter of the hermetic compartment first and to discharge quickly. The upper hermetic sealing part and the lower hermetic sealing part are formed with an end fixed with a spring by a spring, So that it can perform its role. The upper and lower ends of the upper sealing portion are formed in the same shape as the upper and lower airtight rings of the upper and lower portions, each of which has a spring-coupled end, formed of a bronze material.

The uppermost one of the four bottom sealing portions of the airtight ring serves as a scraping function to discharge the mixed leakage oil leaking from the upper portion or the lower portion, and has an exhaust hole and a passage for leakage oil inside the groove, Lt; / RTI > Each of the following three scrap rings is made of a cast iron material having three pieces of the same structure and having a groove for scraping on the contact surface.

The fixing position of the sealing device in the engine is fixed to the sealing device (stuffing box) flange at the upper end of the crankcase, so that the sealing device is located at the lower part. The protruding part of the sealing device is located at the O- So that only about 20% of the airtight ring of the upper sealing portion is exposed to the airtight compartment.

Thus, the lower portion of the upper sealing O-ring of the housing of the sealing device is located in the engine block, the space between the engine block and the sealing device becomes the storage space of the leakage oil and becomes the discharge passage, It may be in the form of being led to a separate external storage tank by a pipe.

As another example, the UEC main engine is a Japanese-made engine, which is widely applied as a main engine for heavy and mid-sized ships in Japan. The structure and characteristics of the piston rod sealing device are as follows.

The cast iron housing is divided into two halves and has one step of external exposure and eight steps of ring grooves in seven stages inside.

The inner structure of the upper sealing part blocks the movement of the upper sealing part in the downward direction of foreign matter and scavenging air in the upper scavenging compartment and the inner first step interrupts the downward movement of the upper hermetic compartment and scrapes the leakage oil to the outside . And the lower four stages are arranged to perform respective functions of recovering the upward movement of the system oil to the crank chamber through scraping.

Two rows of airtight rings are arranged at each end, and each of the airtight rings is divided into three pieces so that the airtight rings are tightly fixed to the piston rods by a spring.

Except for the grooves on the uppermost side, grooves are formed in the lower part of the grooves at regular intervals, so that foreign matter can be discharged and adhesion of the gas-tight rings can be prevented. In addition, the four end portions of the bottom sealing portion can smoothly collect the removing oil into the crank chamber by machining holes having equal intervals with the bottom sealing portion in the groove. The material of the airtight ring inserted in each groove is unified by LBC (lead bronze) material, and the airtight ring of polymer material is recently used instead.

The fixing position of the sealing device in the engine is such that the housing of 70% or more protrudes into the scavenging compartment at the intermediate position of the lower end. And the recovery of the leaked oil in the upper sealing portion may be connected to the hole machined in the lower portion of the housing by the flange at the upper portion of the crankcase and then led to the outer tank.

5 is a view for explaining a modification of a B & W type engine according to an embodiment. And FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a modification of the UEC-type engine according to one embodiment.

An air injection type composite piston rod sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the main engine of the existing ship. Here, the above-mentioned B & W type or UEC type is used as an example.

For example, referring to FIG. 5, in the case of the MC-MODEL, the B & W type engine processes the air supply holes connected to the grooves of the second, third, and fourth stages in the housing of the sealing device, Additional inserts can be made. And it can be applied to the outside by modifying it with the supply air booster and related piping. At this time, partial modification and part of the present invention can be applied.

As another example, referring to Fig. 6, the UEC type engine can internally convert the discharge oil piping into the insertion of the supply air pipe and the drain trap to the external discharge pipe. It can be applied to the outside by modifying it with air boosting device and related piping. At this time, partial modification and part of the present invention can be applied.

In addition, an air injection type composite piston rod sealing device according to an embodiment can be mounted on the main engine of the newbuilding ship.

When a composite piston rod sealing device of the air injection type according to an embodiment is mounted on the main engine of the newbuilding ship, the sealing device, each of the airtight rings, the air supply pipe, the external pressure booster device and the external monitoring device are arranged in the main engine It can be installed based on the drawing (separately for each institution).

As described above, according to the embodiments, not only the airtight effect can be enhanced, but also the effect of oil removal and reduction can be obtained, and the cost of replacing parts can be reduced. Further, according to the embodiments, it is possible to improve the ease of inspection and maintenance, and to perform maintenance and inspection in the hatching section, thereby ensuring operational safety.

According to the embodiments, the frictional portion can be originally reduced to reduce the inefficiency due to all kinds of frictional losses, and the durability of the related engine parts can be improved to minimize replacement and maintenance costs. And it can guarantee long-term performance of system oil and reduce leakage loss cost.

In addition, according to the embodiments, it is possible to easily check the performance of the sealing device and to improve the safety, thereby greatly increasing the maintenance period and simplifying the method and contributing to maintenance-free maintenance in the long term.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI > or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (17)

An upper sealing portion in which at least one sealing ring is formed to block the inflow air of the scavenging compartment from flowing into the lower portion;
A lower sealing portion disposed below the upper sealing portion and configured to include at least one gas tight ring for blocking system oil from flowing upward through a piston rod; And
A gas-tight ring having upper and lower side air-jet nozzles for blocking upper and lower portions, and recovery of each leakage system oil, which is formed between the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion, An intermediate seal part
Lt; / RTI >
A cover sealing ring disposed on an upper end of the upper sealing portion and configured to maintain a minimum gap with the piston rod, the upper sealing portion having a plurality of labyrinth grooves formed on the contact surface with the piston rod,
Further comprising:
Wherein the airtight ring of each of the upper sealing portions and the airtight ring of the lower sealing portion is formed by
An air injection nozzle ring in which air is supplied and kept airtight;
A lip seal coupled to the air injection nozzle ring so as to be spaced apart from the air injection nozzle ring and closely contacted to the piston rod by the pressure of supply air; And
A supply air passage formed between the air injection nozzle ring and the lip seal,
/ RTI >
Wherein the air injection nozzle ring, the lip seal, and the supply air passage are integrally formed,
Wherein the air injection nozzle ring of the airtight ring of the upper sealing portion has a pointed protruding end which comes into close contact with the piston rod and the lip seal has at least one pointed protruding end in close contact with the piston rod, Wherein the airtightness of the bottom sealing portion is maintained by supplying air to the bottom sealing portion. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
At least one of the upper sealing portion, the lower sealing portion, and the intermediate sealing portion,
It is connected with the air chamber which is constructed outside or inside of the small chamber, so that air of relatively high pressure is supplied to maintain airtightness
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion comprise:
Wherein a plurality of ring grooves are formed respectively and the airtight rings are respectively coupled to the ring grooves of the plurality of stages
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the upper sealing portion and the lower sealing portion comprise:
A discharge port is formed in the ring groove at each end so as not to affect the airtightness of the adjacent end,
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. 6. The method of claim 5,
The gas-
In the case of enlarging the contact surface of the airtight ring of one stage, the surface of the lower end of the groove is formed into a diagonal slanting shape
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
The upper-
Wherein the airtight ring in which the air injection nozzle is formed has a gap between the piston rod and the airtight ring due to the piston movement, and an airtight ring in which the airtight nozzle in the upward direction, which blocks the scraping operation and the inflow of the supercharging air, The relatively high-pressure air stored in the air chamber at the time of occurrence is injected in an upward direction in the reverse direction to block leakage
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
The lower sealing portion
And a gas tight ring in which a scavenging operation of the system oil adhered to the piston rod and a downward air injection nozzle for blocking the upward flow of the system oil through the piston rod are formed
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the upper sealing portion is composed of two or three stages, and the bottom sealing portion is composed of three stages
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the airtight ring of the upper sealing portion and the airtight ring of the lower sealing portion are made of a metal,
And a spring inserted circumferentially into the air injection nozzle ring and the outer end of the lip seal, wherein the spring ensures a uniform circumferential adhesion force and, in conjunction with the supply air pressure, causes the internal air pressure to exceed the minimum injection pressure Spring tension designed to hold
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
The gas-
The air injection nozzle of the air injection nozzle is supplied to maintain the pressure higher than the supercharging pressure of the upper compartment, and the air supply system is designed to be able to selectively use the external air supply system and the internal air pressure supply system
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
The airtight ring of the lower sealing portion
In order to prevent the loss of air to the outside due to the supply air being at normal pressure, the orifice is inserted at each end so as to reduce the supply pressure,
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
The supply air pressure is variably supplied and supplied in response to the fluctuating pressure, so that the pressure fluctuates automatically depending on the engine output.
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. The method according to claim 1,
The inner pipe is processed so that the air pressure supplied to the airtight ring at each end can be confirmed from the outside so that each chamber line is connected in a collecting pipe form to the outside and the confirmation of the sealing state is made possible at all times after assembly or operation
Wherein the piston rod is a piston rod. delete

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