KR101842849B1 - Method and control unit for carrying out a gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine having such a control unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method (20) for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, wherein the cylinder is connected to a gas line section through a valve, the gas pressure within the gas line section And the valve is closed at fixed points (SE, SA) during the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine under the condition that the torque of the internal combustion engine is the same. The method includes: detecting a torque change request (102); A determination step (103) of determining a set value relating to the gas pressure in the gas line section in accordance with the torque change request; (VSE, vSA) for closing the valve as a result of the torque change request, under the condition that the variable time point (vSE, vSA) during the operation period is displaced relative to the fixed point (SE, SA) Gt; 1050 < / RTI > .

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a control unit thereof, and an internal combustion engine equipped with the control unit. [0003] 2. Description of the Related Art [ HAVING SUCHE CONTROL UNIT}

The present invention relates to a method and a control unit thereof for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The present invention also relates to an internal combustion engine equipped with the control unit and an automobile equipped with the internal combustion engine.

In the case of an internal combustion engine, gas exchange is performed according to each combustion process. The type and manner in which this gas exchange is performed significantly affects the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine and the emission of toxic substances. Therefore, it is necessary to form a gas exchange so that the cylinder charge amount contains a certain percentage of fresh air, residual exhaust gas and purge air.

In the case of a four-stroke engine, four process steps of suction, compression, combustion and exhaust are usually carried out. In the case of the conventional Otto engine, the intake valve is opened just before the piston reaches the top dead center at the time of intake, and the exhaust valve is kept open. After passing the top dead center, the exhaust valve is closed. The intake valve is closed again after the piston reaches the bottom dead center. A combustion engine based on the Miller principle is distinguished from an auto engine in that the amount of air in the cylinder is reduced by closing the intake valve at a very early point relative to the auto engine. Through the closing of the intake valve before it reaches the bottom dead center, the expansion volume is increased without increasing the compression pressure, thereby saving fuel and the temperature in the cylinder is lower than in the auto engine.

There are various possibilities for controlling the ratios of fresh air, residual exhaust gas and purge air of the cylinder charge amount. In this way, for example, it is known to adjust the throttle valve in the intake pipe to change the intake pipe pressure so as to control the charged amount of the cylinder in a proper manner. However, based on the large volume of the intake pipe, the pressure variation is only set with a delay, so that the charge quantity control through the throttle valve is slowed down. Alternatively, there are various approaches in which the amount of cylinder charge is controlled through the valve drive. However, it is assumed that the charge amount control accurately knows the pressure ratios in the intake pipe and in the manifold. This is not immediately possible in relation to the exhaust backpressure in the exhaust port or in the manifold, which negatively influences the cylinder charge amount.
WO 2014/16926 A1 describes a method for supercharging an engine. In this case, as a result of the torque demand, the opening and closing times of the intake valves are determined based on the intake pipe pressure by the characteristic map, and the intake pipe pressure is determined based on the opening and closing times of the intake valves. Then, the set intake pipe pressure is based on the determination of the setting of the throttle valve and the exhaust valve.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and a control unit thereof, and an internal combustion engine equipped with the control unit, at least partially overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages.

The above object is solved by a method according to the invention according to claim 1, a control unit according to claim 13 according to claim 13, and an internal combustion engine according to claim 15.

A method for performing a gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the cylinder being connected to a gas line section through a valve, wherein an actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is provided, Wherein the valve is closed at a fixed point in the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine at the same conditions of the torque of the internal combustion engine, the method comprising the steps of:

A detecting step of detecting a torque change request;

A determining step of determining a set value related to the gas pressure in the gas line section in accordance with the torque change request; And

Determining a variable time point for closing the valve as a result of the torque change request, wherein the variable time point is displaced relative to a fixed time point according to a set value of the gas pressure during the operating cycle.

A control unit for carrying out a gas switching in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, in particular a method for carrying out the mentioned method, wherein the cylinder is connected to a gas line section through a valve, One embodiment of the control unit, wherein an actuator for setting the pressure is provided and the valve is closed at a fixed time during the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine if the torque of the internal combustion engine is kept constant,

An interface for receiving a torque change request; And

A processor module for determining a set point associated with a gas pressure in the gas line section in response to a torque change request,

The processor module for determining a variable time point for closing a valve as a result of a torque change request, wherein the variable time point is displaced relative to a fixed time point according to a set value of the gas pressure during the operation period.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the following description of the dependent claims and the preferred embodiments of the invention.

A method according to the invention for carrying out a gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine is characterized in that the cylinder is connected to the gas line section through a valve and an actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section Based on the configuration of the internal combustion engine provided. The valve is controlled such that when the valve is kept constant in the torque of the internal combustion engine, it is closed at a fixed point in the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine. The torque change request is first detected according to the method according to the present invention. After detection of the torque change request, the set value relating to the gas pressure in the gas line section is determined according to the torque change request. According to the following steps of the method according to the invention, the variable time point for closing the valve as a result of the torque change request is determined. In this case, the variable time point during the operation period is displaced relative to the fixed point according to the set value of the gas pressure.

The anchoring time is set so that when the internal combustion engine is in an equilibrium state, that is, when the state variables such as the torque of the internal combustion engine and the pressure and temperature in the internal combustion engine are kept substantially constant, Time.

In many embodiments, the valve may be an intake valve and the gas pressure may be an intake pipe pressure. At this time, the fixed point may be the time when the piston of the internal combustion engine is at a position where the cylinder volume is still not the maximum, that is, when the piston is not yet reached the bottom dead center. In other words, the fixed time point may be the time point when the intake valve is closed if there is no torque change request in the execution of the Miller method.

In many embodiments, the valve may be an exhaust valve and the gas pressure may be an exhaust gas backpressure. At this time, the fixed time point may be a time point when the piston of the internal combustion engine is at a position where the cylinder volume is minimum or not at the minimum, that is, when the piston is at the top dead center or immediately passed the top dead center.

In many embodiments, the fixation time may be determined based on a charge amount detection model. For the generation of the charge quantity detection model, the measurement values measured at the inspection table and / or simulation values relating to one or more state variables of the internal combustion engine can be considered. Depending on the values of the state variables, such as pressure ratios, the fixed time point can be selected differently. In such embodiments, when there is a torque change request, the switching time may be displaced relative to, for example, the last fixed time point.

The torque change request may include, for example, the set torque required.

The torque change request may be an instruction of the control unit, for example. The instruction may be output, for example, by setting a bit and may be detected by reading the bit. In the case of an automobile, the torque change request may be, for example, an instruction of an engine control unit (ECU) for increasing the engine torque, and this command is issued from the engine control unit as a result of the operation of the accelerator pedal.

Further, the degree of displacement of the variable time point during the operation period can be further determined according to the actual value of the gas pressure. Therefore, the variable time point during the operating cycle can be determined relative to the fixed value of the actual gas pressure value. For example, the variable time point during the operation period can be determined according to the control difference of the intake pipe pressure, and the control difference is the difference between the set value and the actual value of the intake pipe pressure. The set point associated with the gas pressure within the gas line section may be determined, for example, by one or more characteristic maps. In many embodiments, the characteristic maps may be generated based on measurements in advance at the inspection gantry, and / or based on inspection measurements in the internal combustion engine, and / or based on simulations using calculations or simulations, So that the setpoints associated with the gas pressure can be read out in the characteristic maps or characteristic maps.

In many other embodiments, a setpoint for a state variable that is related to the gas pressure in the gas line section can be determined by one or more characteristic maps, and based on the set value of the state variable, A set value for the pressure can be calculated. Alternatively, instead of the characteristic maps, a simulation or another calculation of the set value of the gas pressure or the set value of the state variable related to the gas pressure can be carried out after the detection of the torque change request. The state variables related to the gas pressure are discussed more precisely below.

Based on the gas pressure, a variable time point for closing the valve can be determined, for example, by a charge amount detection model that considers the action of the position of the actuator and the closing timing of the valve, or by the system model.

The method of the present invention for performing the gas exchange may further comprise the step of controlling the actuator to set a set value of the gas pressure determined in accordance with the torque change request within the gas line section as a result of the torque change request have. The actuator may be a flow valve, such as a throttle valve. The flow valve can be adjusted to increase or decrease the flow cross-section in the gas line section. As a result, the gas pressure in the gas line section can be regulated. In many examples, the gas pressure in the gas line section is increased by decreasing the flow cross-section and by decreasing the flow cross-section. Alternatively, the actuator may be a combination of a gas turbine and a compressor, such as a turbocharger. In order to be able to control the gas pressure in the gas line section, the flow vanes of the compressor can be adjusted accordingly.

For example, in the case of a very short torque change request, which lasts only for a few engine cycles, the setting of the gas pressure in the gas line section can be ruled out and this can only be done by displacement of the valve closing point have. With this control, the target cylinder filling can be performed very quickly.

The valve may be closed at a determined variable time, as a result of the torque change request, during one or more operating cycles or engine cycles. Closure of the valve may be, for example, switching from a fully open state to a fully closed state. Further, in many embodiments, as a result of the torque change request, the actuator is adjusted such that the actual value of the gas pressure approximates the set value of the gas pressure. The valve may be closed at a variable time point determined over the operating period or engine period until the actual value reaches the set point of the gas pressure. By closing the valve at the variable time point, the delay in setting the gas pressure can be compensated.

In many embodiments, the valve is operated at a particular variable time point during a first engine cycle after a torque change request as a result of a torque change request, and at matched points located between a variable time point and a fixed point during immediately following engine cycles Can be closed. Closure points of the valve during engine cycles following the first engine cycle can be approximated, for example, at a fixed point in time. Since the actuator can be controlled at the same time as the displacement of the closing point, the valve can be closed at a point between the fixed point and the variable point of time until the actual value associated with the gas pressure corresponds to the set point associated with the gas pressure. The valve can then be closed again at a fixed point in time.

In many embodiments, the valve may be an intake valve, the gas line section may be an intake tract connected to the cylinder through an intake valve, and an actuator for setting the gas pressure within the gas line section may be disposed within the intake tract And may be a throttle valve for setting the intake pipe pressure in the intake pipe. This means that the set value for the intake pipe pressure as a result of the torque change request is determined and the time at which the intake valve is closed based on this set value is determined.

The torque change request may be, for example, a request to increase the torque of the internal combustion engine. The torque change request may include, for example, a corresponding set torque. In this case, the set value relating to the intake pipe pressure may be higher than the actual value of the intake pipe pressure, because the fresh air mass in the cylinder must be increased for the increase of the torque of the internal combustion engine. Correspondingly, the variable time point can be located after the fixed point in time. Alternatively, the torque change request may also include a request to reduce the torque. In this case, the setpoint associated with the intake pipe pressure may be lower than the actual value of the intake pipe pressure, since the amount of fresh air in the cylinder must be reduced. Correspondingly, the variable viewpoint can be located before the fixed point in time. An example of how the variable time point is selected upon the request for an increase in torque will be described in detail below in detail.

In many other embodiments, the valve may be an exhaust valve, the gas line section may be an exhaust port section that is connected to the cylinder through an exhaust valve, and an actuator for setting the gas pressure within the gas line section, And may be an exhaust gas turbocharger disposed within the port section for setting the exhaust gas back pressure within the exhaust port section. This means that the set value for the exhaust gas back pressure as a result of the torque change request is determined and the time at which the exhaust valve is closed based on this set value is determined.

The torque change request may include a request to increase the torque. The torque change request may include, for example, a corresponding set torque. In this case, the set value associated with the exhaust gas back pressure may be lower than the actual value, because the fresh air mass in the cylinder must be increased for the increase of the torque of the internal combustion engine and accordingly the ratio of the residual exhaust gas in the cylinder is reduced . Correspondingly, the exhaust valve can be closed at a variable time point located before the fixed point in time. Alternatively, the torque change request may also include a request to reduce the torque. In this case, the setpoint associated with the exhaust backpressure may be higher than the actual value of the exhaust backpressure, since the amount of residual exhaust gas in the cylinder must be increased. Correspondingly, the exhaust valve can be closed after a fixed point of time. An example of how the variable time point is selected in response to an increase in torque will be described in detail below in detail.

In many embodiments, the internal combustion engine may include two gas line sections each having one valve and one actuator. In the case of the internal combustion engine, one or both of the valves may be closed in accordance with the method according to the invention.

For example, the cylinder may be connected to an intake pipe provided in the throttle valve for setting the intake pipe pressure via the intake valve, and a turbocharger for setting the exhaust gas backpressure is provided in the exhaust pipe through the exhaust valve And can be connected to the exhaust port. The intake valve may be closed at a fixed time point of the intake valve during the operation cycle or during the engine cycle if the torque of the internal combustion engine is kept constant, or if the engine torque is kept constant, and if the engine torque is kept constant And can be closed at the time of fixation related to the exhaust valve during the engine cycle. When a torque change request is detected, the set value relating to the intake pipe pressure in the intake pipe can be determined in accordance with the torque change request immediately, and the set value relating to the exhaust gas back pressure in the exhaust gas port can be determined in accordance with the torque change request. Then, the intake valve related variable time point for closing the intake valve may be determined as a result of the torque change request, and may be determined as a result of the exhaust valve related variable viewpoint torque change request for closing the exhaust valve. The intake valve related variable time point during the engine cycle can be displaced relative to the intake valve related fixed time point according to the set value of the intake pipe pressure. The exhaust valve related variable time point during the engine cycle can be displaced relative to the exhaust valve related fixed time point according to the set value of the exhaust gas back pressure.

In the case of internal combustion engines comprising two gas line sections each with one valve and one actuator, if only one of the valves is closed in accordance with the method according to the invention, the other valve is pre- And / or by characteristic maps created by simulations. The control will be described in detail again in the following.

As already mentioned above, the torque change request may include a demand for an increase in engine torque. As a result of the torque change request, the variable time for closing the intake valve may be later than the fixed time during the operating cycle. The fixed point in the intake phase of the engine cycle can be located before reaching the maximum volume of the cylinder. This will be described in accordance with an example given below.

During the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine, the suction process can be started, for example, when the cylinder volume is at its minimum, or when the piston reaches the top dead center, and when the cylinder volume is at its maximum or when the piston reaches the bottom dead center . If the internal combustion engine is operated in a miller method, the inhalation process can be terminated by closing the intake valve in the condition of a cylinder volume which is already smaller than the maximum cylinder volume, thereby achieving advantages in terms of fuel consumption and temperature. The closure point may be a fixed point. On the other hand, if a torque change request is detected (here, a request for torque increase), the valve may be closed at a variable time point located after the fixed point in time. The variable time point may be, for example, a time point when the cylinder volume is the maximum or when the cylinder volume is larger than the cylinder volume at the fixed point. By displacing the closing timing of the intake valve toward the variable time point later than the fixed point, the cylinder volume can be increased so that more fresh air can be introduced into the cylinder under conditions where the intake air pressure is substantially the same at the end of the intake stroke have. Since the throttle valve can also be adjusted as a result of the demand for the torque increase, a set value related to the intake pipe pressure in the intake pipe can be set with delay. In many embodiments, the intake valve may be closed at a variable time until a set point of the intake pipe pressure is reached, or at a point between a fixed time and a variable time. Thereby, a very rapid response to the torque change request can be performed while at the same time the mechanisms of low fuel valve control can be maintained.

Similar to what has been described above with respect to the intake valve, as a result of a demand for an increase in engine torque, the variable time for closing the exhaust valve can exceed the fixed point during the engine cycle. The anchoring time for closing the exhaust valve during the intake phase of the engine cycle may be located after reaching the minimum volume of the cylinder, i. E., When the top deadline defining the beginning of the intake has already been exceeded. Now, as a result of a demand for increasing the torque of the internal combustion engine, a set value for the exhaust gas back pressure can be determined. In this case, the set value associated with the exhaust gas back pressure may be lower than the actual value, since the residual exhaust gas ratio in the cylinder must be reduced for the increase of the torque of the internal combustion engine. By displacing the closing timing of the exhaust valve toward a variable time point earlier than the fixed point, for example, less residual exhaust gas can be sucked into the cylinder during inhalation, thereby leaving more room for fresh air. As the turbocharger can also be adjusted as a result of the demand for torque increase, a set value can be set in relation to the exhaust gas back pressure in the exhaust gas port or in the manifold while being delayed. In many embodiments, the exhaust valve may be closed at a variable time until a set value of the exhaust gas back pressure is reached, or at a point between a fixed time and a variable time. Thereby, a very rapid response to the torque change request can be performed, while at the same time the mechanisms of low fuel valve control can be considered.

The internal combustion engine may include additional operating means for regulating the gas exchange, such as valves of the external exhaust gas recirculation. The additional operating means, actuators, such as throttle valves and / or turbochargers, and / or valves that are not switched in accordance with the method according to the invention, may be configured such that the setpoints relating to the position of actuating means, actuators and / Can be controlled by being determined according to the torque change request. Each set value may be determined, for example, by one or a plurality of characteristic maps. In many embodiments, the characteristic maps may have been generated based on measurements in advance at the inspection gantry, and / or based on inspection measurements in the internal combustion engine, and / or based on simulations using calculations or simulations So that the setpoints associated with the gas pressure can be read in the characteristic maps or characteristic maps. In many other embodiments, one or more characteristic maps may be used to determine a setpoint for a state variable that is related to the position of the actuating means, actuator, or valve, and may be based on the set value of the state variable The position of the means, actuator or valve can be calculated. Alternatively, instead of the characteristic maps, after the detection of the torque demand, a simulation or another calculation of the setting of the actuating means, actuator or valve, or set of state variables related to the position of actuating means, actuator or valve have.

The state variables may include, for example, the relative fresh air volume, the amount of residual exhaust gas recirculated internally, the amount of residual exhaust gas recirculated externally, the charging efficiency, the pressure allowance through the actuator, scavenging ratio. The air considered as fresh air is the air that enters the cylinder. Fresh air may be a gas mixer whose composition is atmospheric air or may be a gas-fuel mixer. Alternatively, the residual exhaust gas is a low-oxygen gas mixture that is exhausted from the cylinder after the combustion process. Charging efficiency is defined as the ratio of fresh air mass and air mass that can be maximally accommodated within a maximum cylinder volume. The scavenging means a process in which both the intake valve and the exhaust valve are opened in the transition interval between the exhaust and the intake.

The present invention also relates to a control apparatus for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. For example, the control device may be configured to perform the method described above for performing the gas exchange in the cylinder. The control device is based on the configuration of an internal combustion engine in which a cylinder is connected via a valve to a gas line section and an actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is provided. The control device is formed to close the valve at a fixed point in the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine when the torque of the internal combustion engine is kept constant. The control device includes an interface for receiving a torque change request, and a processor module. The processor module is configured to determine a set value relating to the gas pressure in the gas line section in accordance with the torque change request and to change the torque change in the condition that the variable time point during the operation period is displaced relative to the fixed time point according to the set value of the intake gas pressure, And to determine a variable time point for closing the valve as a result of the request.

The interface may be a hardware interface. The interface may be configured to couple the control device to the ECU, or directly or indirectly to the accelerator pedal, to enable transmission of data to the control device, i. E. To transmit a command including a torque change request, e.g., a set torque . The processor module may include electronic components such as a microprocessor. The processor module may include a set value determining module for determining a set value of the gas pressure and a time determining module for determining a variable time according to the gas pressure and the torque change request.

The control device may also include a memory in which information for determining setpoints relating to the gas pressure in the gas line section in response to the torque change request, and / or for determining the variable time according to the gas pressure are stored therein . The memory may be a data memory.

Further, the control device can be configured to execute the features described in connection with the method individually or in any combination.

The present invention also relates to an internal combustion engine equipped with a control device and a cylinder as described above. The cylinder is connected to a gas line section through a valve, in which an actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is provided. The valve is controlled by the control device so that the valve is closed at a fixed point in the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine when the torque of the internal combustion engine is kept constant and the variable time point during the operating cycle is relatively fixed In the displaced condition, the valve can be controlled to be closed at the variable time point as a result of the torque change request.

The internal combustion engine may include an intake valve connecting a cylinder with an intake pipe provided with a throttle valve therein, and an exhaust valve connecting the cylinder with the exhaust port provided in the turbocharger. The internal combustion engine is formed so that the intake valve and / or the exhaust valve can be closed at the intake valve related variable time point as a result of the torque demand, and at the exhaust valve related variable time point, respectively.

Further, many embodiments relate to an automobile equipped with an internal combustion engine as described above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a flow chart schematically illustrating a method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the control device.
Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the displacement of the closure points on demand for torque increase.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing a time curve of the intake valve displacement and a displacement of the intake valve over a plurality of operation cycles.
5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a configuration of a control apparatus.
6 is a diagram showing a further embodiment of the configuration of the control device.

One embodiment of a method for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is schematically illustrated in Fig.

To this end, the internal combustion engine includes a cylinder in which a throttle valve for setting the intake pipe pressure is connected via an intake valve to an intake pipe provided therein.

During the course of the control process 101 in which the torque of the internal combustion engine is constant, the intake valve is closed at a fixed point in the operating cycle. The fixed point is defined so that the cylinder volume at this point is less than the maximum possible cylinder volume. The operating cycle of the internal combustion engine will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.

In this example, if a request for an increase in the engine torque to be activated by depressing the accelerator pedal occurs, the torque change request is detected in step 102. In the trailing step 103, a set value related to the intake pipe pressure in the intake pipe is determined in accordance with the torque change request. To this end, an approach is made to the previously stored characteristic maps representing the intake pipe pressure according to the engine torque, so that the set value of the intake pipe pressure can be read. The set value of the intake pipe pressure is larger than the intake pipe pressure predominant at the time of the torque change request.

Depending on the set value of the intake pipe pressure, in step 1040, the set position of the throttle valve is determined. The throttle valve is then adjusted corresponding to the determined set point of the throttle valve position (step 1041).

Simultaneously with step 1040, in step 1050, the variable time point for closing the intake valve as a result of the torque change request is determined according to the set value of the intake pipe pressure. The determined variable time point in the engine cycle in accordance with the set value of the intake pipe pressure is displaced backward relative to the fixed time point, as will be described in detail below with reference to Fig.

The intake valve is then closed at variable time for a number of engine cycles (step 1051). If the actual value of the intake pipe pressure corresponds to the set value of the intake pipe pressure, the intake valve is immediately closed again at the fixed time point (step 1052). Then, transition is made to a continuous control procedure 106, similar to procedure 101, in which the intake valve is closed at a fixed time.

Fig. 2 schematically shows an internal combustion engine 2 for performing gas exchange in a cylinder. The internal combustion engine 2 is configured as an internal combustion engine described for the execution of the method of Fig. The internal combustion engine (2) further includes a control device (20). The control device 20 includes an interface 201 that can be connected to the ECU. The ECU is configured to process and transmit data relating to a torque change request, for example, a set torque, generated by depressing the accelerator pedal to the control device 20.

The control device 20 further includes a processor module 202 including a set value determination module 2020 and a viewpoint determination module 2021. [ The processor module 202 is coupled to the interface 201 to allow access to the torque change request 300 supplied via the interface 201. [ The control device 20 includes an operation module 21 for adjusting the position of the throttle valve so as to be able to signal the set value 301 determined through the set value determination unit 2020 to the operation module 21 . The set value determining module 2020 and the viewpoint determining module 2021 determine that the viewpoint determining module 2021 receives the set value to determine the variable viewpoint 302 from the intake pipe pressure set value 301 Respectively. The control device 20 also switches the intake valve to enable the variable timing point 302 to be transmitted and to close the switching module 22 at the variable time point 302 during the engine periods after the torque change request 300 Gt; 22 < / RTI >

3 is a graph of a portion of the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine, showing the opening and closing times of the intake valves and the closing times of the exhaust valves during intake. Here, a fan shape in which a top dead center (OT) and a bottom dead center (UT) are illustrated is shown. At the top dead center (OT), the piston of the internal combustion engine is located at a position where the cylinder volume is minimum. In the bottom dead center (UT), the piston is located at a position in the cylinder so that the cylinder volume becomes maximum.

)에서 개방되며, 그럼으로써 실린더 내로 유입되는 신선 공기를 통해 실린더 내에 잔존하는 잔여 배기가스는 실린더로부터 밀어내어질 수 있게 된다. 배기 밸브의 폐쇄 시점(SA)은 상사점(OT)에 도달한 직후에 위치한다. 내연기관은 밀러 방법에 따라서 작동하기 때문에, 흡기 밸브의 폐쇄 시점(SE)은 하사점(UT)에 도달하기 전에, 다시 말하면 부채꼴의 제2 사분원의 중심부에 위치한다. 흡기 밸브의 폐쇄 시점(SE)은 평형 상태에서, 다시 말하면 토크 변경 요구가 존재하지 않고 상태 변수들은 일정할 때, 고정 폐쇄 시점이다. 토크를 증가시키는 토크 변경 요구가 검출되면, 그 즉시 흡기 밸브는 상대적으로 더 늦은 시점에서, 즉 가변 시점(vSE)에서 폐쇄된다. 흡기 밸브의 가변 폐쇄 시점(vSE)은 도 3에서 하사점(UT) 직전에 도시되어 있다. 그러나 가변 폐쇄 시점(vSE)과 고정 폐쇄 시점(SE) 간의 변위가 더 작을 수도 있거나, 또는 토크 변경 요구 후에 엔진 주기의 개수가 증가함에 따라 감소할 수 있다. 작동 주기의 개수가 증가함에 따라, 또는 시간이 흐름에 따라 가변 시점의 변위(φ) 및 흡기관 압력(Ps)의 가능한 의존성은 도 4에 예시되어 있다.Suction is performed between top dead center (OT) and bottom dead center (UT) along the right half of the circle. As shown in the left side of the top dead center OT in Fig. 3, the intake valve of the internal combustion engine has an opening timing

So that the residual exhaust gas remaining in the cylinder through the fresh air introduced into the cylinder can be pushed out of the cylinder. The closing timing SA of the exhaust valve is located immediately after reaching the top dead center OT. Since the internal combustion engine operates in accordance with the Miller method, the closing timing SE of the intake valve is located at the center of the second quadrant of the sector, that is, before reaching bottom dead center UT. The closing timing SE of the intake valve is a fixed closing timing in an equilibrium state, that is, when there is no torque changing request and the state variables are constant. When a torque change request for increasing the torque is detected, the intake valve is immediately closed at a relatively later time, that is, at the variable time point (vSE). The variable closing timing vSE of the intake valve is shown just before the bottom dead center UT in Fig. However, the displacement between the variable closing timing (vSE) and the fixed closing timing (SE) may be smaller or may decrease as the number of engine cycles increases after the torque change request. The possible dependence of the variable-phase displacement, phi, and the intake pipe pressure Ps, as the number of operating cycles increases or over time is illustrated in Fig.

In Fig. 4, it is shown that the displacement (phi) of the variable closing timing is suddenly increased relative to the fixed closing timing at the time point (T1) when the torque change request is detected. On the contrary, the intake pipe pressure Ps increases only slowly, because it continues until the set value of the intake pipe pressure is set for a while. As time passes, the displacement? At the variable closing timing is reduced, while the intake pipe pressure continues to rise.

Thereby, it is possible to perform a quicker response to the torque change request through displacing the closing timing of the intake valve from the fixed closing timing SE to the variable closing timing vSE than through the setting of the intake pipe pressure . Since the intake pipe pressure in the port is matched, it is possible to consistently achieve the benefits of the Miller method during uniform travel.

The closing timing SA of the exhaust valve may be a fixed point in the equilibrium state, that is, when there is no torque change request. However, if there is a torque change request for an increase in torque, the exhaust valve can be closed at a relatively earlier point in time, i. E., At the variable closing timing (vSA), to prevent too much residual exhaust gas from flowing back into the cylinder have. The variable closing timing (vSA) of the exhaust valve is located between the top dead center (OT) and the fixed closing timing (SA) of the exhaust valve, as identified in Fig. In addition, the displacement between the variable closing timing (vSA) of the exhaust valve and the fixed closing timing (SA) of the exhaust valve may be smaller or may decrease as the number of engine cycles increases after the torque change request. The characteristic curve of the displacement of the variable time point (vSA) and the characteristic curve of the exhaust gas back pressure as the number of operating cycles increases or as the time t flows increases as the displacement φ and the intake pipe pressure Ps ). ≪ / RTI > Thereby, a quick response to the torque change request can be performed.

With reference to Fig. 2, only the control of the intake valve of the internal combustion engine is described. 5, there is shown a further embodiment for the internal combustion engine 4, which is involved in the control of a series of actuating members for adjusting the charge amount.

The internal combustion engine (4) includes a control device. The control device includes an interface (not shown) through which access to the current rotational speed 500 and the set torque 501, i.e. the torque change request, is made. To this end, the interface may be connected to an ECU, for example.

The control device further includes a processor module having a set value determining module 41. [ The setpoint determination module 41 includes characteristic maps for the air mass, the charging efficiency, the pressure tolerance through the throttle valve, the residual exhaust gas content of the internal exhaust gas recirculation, and the residual exhaust gas content of the external exhaust gas recirculation Memory. The set value determination module 41 sets the set air mass 502, the set charging efficiency 503, and the set charging efficiency 50 using the characteristic maps in the memory received via the interface, the current revolution speed 500 and the set torque 501, A set pressure allowance 504, a set residual exhaust gas content 505 of the internal exhaust gas recirculation portion, and a set residual exhaust gas content 506 of the external residual exhaust gas recirculation portion.

The set air mass 502 and the set charging efficiency 503 are transmitted from the set value determination module 41 to the intake pipe pressure determination device 42 so that the intake pipe pressure determination device determines the set intake pipe pressure 507, . The set intake pipe pressure 507 is transmitted to the intake pipe pressure controller 43, and the intake pipe pressure controller then moves the throttle valve 400 in the cylinder to an appropriate position (reference numeral 508).

The intake pipe pressure 507 is further transmitted to the setting boost pressure determination module 44. [ The setting supercharge pressure determination module 44 is further connected to the set value determination module 41 in order to receive the set pressure tolerance 504. [ The setting boost pressure determination module 44 is configured to calculate the setting boost pressure 509 and transmit it to the boost pressure controller 45. [ A boost pressure controller 54 is configured to control the turbocharger 401 in the exhaust port (reference numeral 510).

Further, the control unit of the internal combustion engine 4 further includes a viewpoint determination module 46. [ The viewpoint determination module 46 is connected to the setpoint determination module 41 to receive the set air mass 502 and the set residual exhaust gas content 505 from the setpoint determination module. The timing determination module 46 determines the timing of the intake valve 402 based on the current revolution speed 500, the set torque 501, the set air mass 502 and the set residual exhaust gas content 505 of the internal exhaust gas recirculation portion. (511, 512), i.e., open and close, to determine the switching times of the exhaust valve 403 and the exhaust valve 403 and to adjust the two valves accordingly.

To this end, charge amount detection models for the fresh air mass and the residual exhaust gas content of the internal exhaust gas recirculation are provided. Through the partial derivation of the charge amount detection models, the influence of the intake valve and the exhaust valve on the fresh air mass and the residual exhaust gas content of the internal exhaust gas recirculation part is determined. Then, the switching points of the intake valve and the exhaust valve are determined by the Jacobi matrix. When the torque change request for increasing the torque is present, the closing timing of the intake valve and the exhaust valve is displaced until the set value of the intake pipe pressure 507 and the set value of the boost pressure 510 are set.

The control device further includes an exhaust gas recirculation valve controller 47 for controlling the set air mass 502 and the set residual exhaust gas content in the external exhaust gas recirculation And is connected to the set value determination module 41 to receive the set value. The exhaust gas recirculation valve controller 57 is configured to determine the set position of the exhaust gas recirculation valve and control the exhaust gas recirculation valve 404 accordingly (reference numeral 513).

In many embodiments, the control device is a common processor that executes the functions of the set value determining module 41, the intake pipe pressure determining module 42, the setting boost pressure determining module 44, and the view determining module 46 .

In Fig. 6, an alternative embodiment of the internal combustion engine is shown. The internal combustion engine 4 'includes a control device. Like the control device in Fig. 5, the control device includes a set value determining module 41, an intake pipe pressure determining device 42, and a setting boost pressure determining module 44. [ The control device further includes a processing module 48 that includes a current rotational speed 500, set torque 501, set air mass 502, set charging efficiency 503, The set residual exhaust gas content 505 of the internal exhaust gas recirculation portion, the set residual exhaust gas content 506 of the external exhaust gas recirculation portion, the set intake pipe pressure 507 and the setting boost pressure 509 The position of the actuating members for regulating the amount of charge, namely, the throttle valve 400, the turbocharger 401, the intake valve 402, the exhaust valve 403 and the exhaust gas recirculation valve 404, And controls accordingly.

A method in which the intake pipe pressure is adjusted by the position of the throttle valve 400 to determine the position of the actuating members, how the boost pressure is regulated through the exhaust gas turbocharger 401, i.e., the actuator of the exhaust gas turbocharger, System models expressing how the actuating members react upon changing their position and how the fresh air mass and the content of the internal residual exhaust gas are determined in accordance with the positions of the intake valve 402 and the exhaust valve 403 . In order to determine the influence of the intake valve and the exhaust valve on the fresh air mass and the residual exhaust gas content of the internal exhaust gas recirculation part, charge amount detection models may be considered.

Then, based on the system models, the actuating members are adjusted via signals 508, 510, 511, 512 and 513. The adjustment of the intake valve and the exhaust valve as occasion demands, in addition to the setting of the intake pipe pressure via the throttle valve, causes a quicker response to the torque change request than when the torque change is requested based on the position of the throttle valve , The closing timings of the intake valve and the occasional exhaust valve are shifted in time so that the charge amount composition is optimized.

In short, the present invention is characterized in that the charged amount composition in the cylinder is adjusted through a plurality of actuators, and thus a quick reaction can be performed to the torque change request.

: 흡기 밸브의 개방 시점
SE: 흡기 밸브의 폐쇄 시점
vSE: 흡기 밸브의 가변 폐쇄 시점
SA: 배기 밸브의 폐쇄 시점
vSA: 배기 밸브의 가변 폐쇄 시점
Ps: 흡기관 압력
φ: 고정 시점 쪽으로 흡기 밸브의 가변 폐쇄 시점의 변위
t: 시간10: Method for carrying out the gas exchange
101: Ongoing control process
102: Step of detecting a torque change request
103: Determination of set value of intake pipe pressure
1040: Determination of setting position of throttle valve
1041: Setting of the setting position of the throttle valve
1050: determination step of variable time
1051: Closing the exhaust valve at variable time
1052: step of determining whether the set value of the intake pipe pressure corresponds to the actual value
106: Continuous control process
2: Internal combustion engine
20: Control device
201: Interface
202: Processor module
2020: Setting value determination module
2021: Timing determination module
21: Operation module
22: Switching module
300: torque change request
301: set value of intake pipe pressure
302: variable time
4: Internal combustion engine
41: Set value determination module
42: intake pipe pressure determining device
43: intake pipe pressure controller
44: Set Up Charge Pressure Determination Module
45: Charge pressure controller
46:
47: Exhaust gas recirculation valve controller
400: throttle valve
401: Turbocharger
402: intake valve
403: Exhaust valve
404: Exhaust gas recirculation valve
500: Number of revolutions
501: Setting torque
502: Setting air mass
503: Setting charging efficiency
504: Setting pressure tolerance
505: Setting of internal exhaust gas recirculation part Residual exhaust gas content
506: Setting of the external exhaust gas recirculation part Residual exhaust gas content
507: set intake pressure
508: Operation signal for throttle valve
509: Setting supercharging pressure
510: Control signal for turbocharger
511: Activation signal for intake valve
512: Activation signal for exhaust valve
513: Activation signal for exhaust gas recirculation valve
OT: Top point
UT: bottom dead center

: Opening timing of the intake valve
SE: closing point of the intake valve
vSE: Variable Closing Point of Intake Valve
SA: closing point of the exhaust valve
vSA: variable closing timing of the exhaust valve
Ps: intake pipe pressure
φ: Displacement of the variable closing timing of the intake valve toward the fixed point
t: time

Claims (15)

A method (10) for performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the cylinder being connected to a gas line section through a valve, wherein an actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section A method for performing a gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, wherein the valve is closed at fixed points (SE, SA) during the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine if the torque of the internal combustion engine is kept constant,
A detecting step (102) of detecting a torque change request;
A determination step (103) of determining a set value relating to the gas pressure in the gas line section in accordance with the torque change request; next
(VSE, vSA) for closing the valve as a result of the torque change request, wherein the variable time points (vSE, vSA) during the operating period are determined at a fixed point of time , SA), a variable-time determination step (1050);
Controlling (1041) the actuator as a result of the torque change request in such a manner that the set value of the gas pressure determined in accordance with the torque change request in the gas line section is set,
Wherein the gas exchange is performed in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the setpoints associated with the gas pressures are determined by characteristic maps. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anchoring times (SE, SA) are determined based on a charge quantity detection model. 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve is closed at a determined variable time point (vSE, vSA) for one or more operating cycles as a result of the torque change request, (VSE, vSA), which are located between the variable time point (vSE, vSA) and the fixed point of time (SE, SA) during the immediately following operating cycles, Closed, the method of performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve is operated at a determined variable time point (vSE, vSA) until the actual value associated with the gas pressure reaches a set point associated with the gas pressure, (1052) at the matched time points located in the interval including the variable time point (vSE, vSA) and the interval between the variable time point (vSE, vSA) and the fixed point (SE, SA) (106) in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The valve is an intake valve,
The gas line section is an intake pipe connected to the cylinder through an intake valve,
Wherein the actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is a throttle valve disposed in the intake pipe to set the intake pipe pressure in the intake pipe. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The valve is an exhaust valve,
The gas line section is an exhaust port section connected to the cylinder through an exhaust valve,
Wherein the actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is an exhaust gas turbocharger arranged in the exhaust port section for setting the exhaust gas back pressure in the exhaust port section. The intake system according to claim 7, wherein the cylinder is further connected to an intake pipe through an intake valve, and a throttle valve for setting an intake pipe pressure is provided in the intake pipe, and when the torque of the internal combustion engine is maintained constant Is closed at the intake valve related anchoring time (SE) during the operating cycle, and the method continues with the additional steps:
A determining step of determining a set value related to an intake pipe pressure in the intake pipe in response to a torque change request;
Related variable time point (vSE) for closing the intake valve as a result of the torque change request, wherein the intake valve-related variable time point (vSE) The variable-time determination step, which is relatively displaced to the fixed point (SE)
Wherein the gas exchange is performed in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the torque change request includes a request for an increase in engine torque, and wherein the variable time point (vSE) for closing the intake valve during an operating cycle is less than a fixed time point (SE) In which the gas exchange is carried out. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the fixed point of time (SE) during the suction phase of the operating cycle is located before reaching the maximum volume of the cylinder. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the internal combustion engine comprises further operating means for regulating the gas exchange, the further operating means being arranged such that a setpoint associated with the position of the actuating means is controlled by determining according to a torque change request, A method of performing gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. A control device (20) for performing a gas exchange in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine (2) according to the method (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cylinder is connected to the gas line section via a valve An actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is provided in the gas line section and the valve is operated to set the fixed point of time (SE, SA) during the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine 2 when the torque of the internal combustion engine 2 is kept constant. The control device comprising:
An interface 201 for receiving the torque change request 300,
And a processor module (202)
To determine a set point (301) related to the gas pressure in the gas line section in accordance with the torque change request (300), and
(VSE, vSA) for closing the valve as a result of the torque change request (300), wherein the variable time points (vSE, vSA) Is displaced relative to a fixed point of time (SE, SA) in accordance with the control of the control means (20) for the execution of the gas exchange in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The control device according to claim 12, characterized in that the control device is operable to determine a setpoint (SE, SA) related to the gas pressure in the gas line section according to the torque change request (300) vSE, vSA), wherein the information is stored in the memory (20). An internal combustion engine (2) comprising a control device (20) according to claim 12, and a cylinder connected via a valve to a gas line section in which an actuator for setting the gas pressure in the gas line section is provided,
The valve is controlled by the control unit such that the valve is closed at fixed points (SE, SA) during the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine (2) when the torque of the internal combustion engine (2) (vSE, vSA) as a result of the torque change request 300, under the condition that the vSE, vSE is displaced relative to the fixed point of time (SE, SA) And can be controlled to be closed. delete

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