KR101841010B1

KR101841010B1 - Melting apparatus

Info

Publication number: KR101841010B1
Application number: KR1020160006912A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 박노근; 구귀영
Original assignee: 영남대학교 산학협력단
Priority date: 2016-01-20
Filing date: 2016-01-20
Publication date: 2018-03-22
Also published as: KR20170087209A

Abstract

A casing in which a space is formed; A crucible connected to a rotation axis extending from one surface of the casing to the inside of the casing, the mold coupled to one side, and a specimen accommodating portion formed on the upper side; And an electrode connected to one surface of the casing and positioned eccentrically from the center of the sample accommodating portion inside the casing.

Description

[0001] MELTING APPARATUS [0002]

The present invention relates to a melting apparatus.

In general, a vacuum arc melting apparatus is used to manufacture an insert metal for brazing, an alloy of a high melting point high metal oxide, an amorphous (amorphous) or a special alloy. In order to obtain an alloy of high purity, an arc melting apparatus generates and dissolves arc in a metal under an inert gas atmosphere of vacuum. In this dissolution process, the specimen inside the crucible is melted inside the chamber and the melt is poured into the mold to cool it. In this process, the hot heat generated from the arc can not be transferred smoothly during the tilting process for pouring the melt in the crucible with the mold, so that the metal structure can be cooled in a heterogeneous state. There is a risk that the crucible of the metal material and the electrode rod come into contact with each other during the tilting of the crucible, resulting in a short circuit. Above all, the time point at which the melted material, which is distant from the electrode rod, is cooled when the crucible is tilted due to the electrode that generates an arc adjacent to the center of the crucible may start before being poured into the mold. The metal thus produced can be produced in an unstable state in which an unbalanced structure is formed and the physical properties such as the strength of the metal are unstable.

U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2014-0209267 (July 31, 2014)

One embodiment of the present invention seeks to provide a melting apparatus in which molten specimens during cooling from a crucible to a mold delay the cooling rate.

And an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a melting apparatus in which the axis of the electrode is located close to the mold side from the center of the specimen accommodating portion of the crucible.

Further, an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a melting apparatus in which the rotation axis of a crucible is located close to a mold side from a center of a specimen accommodation portion of a crucible.

Another embodiment of the present invention is to provide a melting apparatus capable of controlling the change in length of the electrode in the height direction so that electricity can be sequentially applied from a position close to the electrode while the melt moves to the mold.

In addition, one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a melting apparatus capable of determining the moving path of an electrode by a servo motor connected to a sensor.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a casing comprising: a casing having a space therein; A crucible connected to a rotation axis extending from one surface of the casing to the inside of the casing, the mold coupled to one side, and a specimen accommodating portion formed on the upper side; And an electrode connected to one surface of the casing and positioned eccentrically from the center of the sample accommodating portion inside the casing.

The rotary shaft may further include a tilting motor connected to the outer surface of the casing through the casing to adjust a rotation angle and a rotation speed.

Further, the rotating shaft may be connected to the side of the crucible between the central side of the specimen accommodating portion and the mold.

Further, the electrode may be formed to extend inward of the casing through a ball joint connected to the casing.

Further, the electrode may be positioned eccentrically from the center of the specimen accommodating portion to the mold side.

Also, a plurality of electrodes may be formed.

In addition, the electrodes may be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the electrodes, respectively.

Further, when the side of the crucible where the mold is connected by the rotation shaft is tilted downward, the position of the electrode tip which is the end portion of the electrode can be further downward as the position is closer to the mold.

Further, the electrode can be eccentrically separated from the center of the specimen holder by at least one fifth of the radius of the melt, which can be placed in the specimen holder.

One embodiment of the present invention may provide a melting apparatus that slows down the rate at which molten specimens are cooled during transport from the crucible to the mold.

And, one embodiment of the present invention can provide a melting apparatus in which the axis of the electrode is located in the vicinity of the mold side from the center of the specimen accommodation portion of the crucible.

Further, an embodiment of the present invention can provide a melting apparatus in which the rotation axis of the crucible is located close to the mold side from the center of the specimen accommodation portion of the crucible.

In addition, one embodiment of the present invention can provide a melting apparatus capable of controlling the change in length in the height direction of the electrode and sequentially applying electricity to electrodes near the mold while the melt moves to the mold.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention can provide a melting apparatus capable of determining the moving path of an electrode by a servo motor connected to a sensor.

1 is a perspective view of a melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a view illustrating a melting process of a specimen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a view illustrating a process of melting a specimen by an inclined electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention
4 is a view showing a tilting structure of an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates melting of a test piece through a plurality of electrodes according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates elevation control of an electrode according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view illustrating a process of melting a test piece by a plurality of oblique electrodes according to another embodiment of the present invention

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, this is merely an example and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. The following terms are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and may be changed according to the intention or custom of the user, the operator, and the like. Therefore, the definition should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

The technical idea of the present invention is determined by the claims, and the following embodiments are merely a means for effectively explaining the technical idea of the present invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

And to illustrate another embodiment of the present invention, the attached drawings show a melting apparatus for manual operation and the handle 240 shown in Fig. 1 is a means for manually operating the melting apparatus . Therefore, it is needless to say that the control system of the handle 240 shown in FIG. 1 can be replaced with an electric connection system between the control box and the servomotor, and an automatic control related system that can be selected by those skilled in the art can be applied.

In addition, in order to explain an embodiment different from the embodiment of the present invention, the electrical connection between the configurations shown in Figs. 1 to 5 is omitted. For example, the configuration of electrical connection between the operation portions 242 and 243 and the operation targets 250 and 350 is not described separately, but will be described later.

1 is a perspective view of a melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, the melting apparatus may include a casing 100, an electrode unit 200, and a crucible unit 300

Specifically, the casing 100 may include an openable / closable portion 110. The opening and closing part 110 may be connected to the casing 100 through a hinge 150 or the like. This is an example of a structure that is opened and closed by a hinged door, but not limited thereto, and may include various means capable of opening and closing.

And a window 130 may be formed in the opening and closing part 110. The window 130 may be formed of a material through which light is transmitted so that the melting process can be observed from the outside of the casing 100. However, since a large amount of light is generated during arc melting, a material that transmits only a predetermined amount of light transmission is included . For example, a glass material for a welding mask.

A through hole may be formed in the casing 100 to connect the rotating shaft 330 connected to the crucible 310 to the tilting motor 350 outside the casing 100. The cylinder 230 and the motor 250 may be connected to each other to transmit the power from the outside of the casing 100 to control the electrode 210. The cylinder 230 outside the casing 100 and the electrode 210 inside the casing 100 may be connected through the ball joint 270 to have a predetermined degree of freedom in the casing 100. Meanwhile, the casing 100 may be provided with a joint receiving portion (170 of FIG. 5) capable of accommodating the ball joint 270 corresponding to the shape of the ball joint 270.

The electrode unit 200 may include an electrode 210, a cylinder 230, a handle 240, a motor 250, and a ball joint 270.

Specifically, the electrode unit 200 includes a handle 240 that can control the electrode unit 200, and the grip unit formed on the handle 240 can include the manipulation units 242 and 243. The manipulation units 242 and 243 may include an electrode manipulation unit 242 and a tilting manipulation unit 243. The electrode operating portion 242 is electrically connected to the motor 250 so that the operating state of the motor 250 can be determined according to the operation of the electrode operating portion 242. The tilting operation unit 243 is electrically connected to the tilting motor 350 so that the operation state of the tilting motor 350 can be determined according to the operation of the tilting operation unit 243. [

1, the handle 240 can be formed of a multi-joint structure, so that the electrode operating portion 242 and the tilting operating portion 243 can be moved in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The operation state of the motor 250 is determined by the operation of the electrode operating portion 242 and the cylinder 230 is moved up and down with respect to the ball joint 270 by applying power to the cylinder 230 during operation . That is, the rotation direction of the motor 250 is adjusted so that the cylinder 230 can be moved up and down, so that the electrode 210 connected via the ball joint 270 is rotated in the vertical direction of the cylinder 230 310, respectively.

The distance between the electrode 210 and the crucible 310 due to the proximity and spacing can determine the length of the arc generated at the electrode tip 220 which is the end of the electrode 210, It can have an impact.

In this structure, a plurality of electrodes 210 may be provided, and each of the plurality of electrodes may be independently controlled. In this case, it is possible to distribute the pressure from the divided pressure dividing apparatus to each cylinder connected to each electrode, or to control the plurality of electrodes individually by providing a cylinder and a motor. When a partial pressure device is installed, a partial pressure device may be installed in the inner space of the ball joint 270, and the ball joint 270 may have a relatively large diameter as compared with a case where one electrode 230 is provided.

The ball joint 270 may be formed to have a size corresponding to the joint receiving portion 170 of the casing 100 and the contact area between the joint receiving portion 170 and the ball joint 270 may be set to be larger than the contact area of the ball joint 270 It can be formed to be narrower than the contactable area. Due to such a structure, the ball joint 270 can slide and move in a circle locus within a range of contactable area with the joint receiving portion 170, so that the position of the electrode tip 220 can be changed.

The crucible 300 may include a tilting motor 350, a rotating shaft 330, and a crucible 310.

Specifically, the tilting motor 350 may be operated by a tilting operation unit 243, and may be a means for applying a rotational force to the rotating shaft 330 connected to the tilting motor 350. As a matter of course, the melting range of the motor according to the present invention can be manually operated and the rotation range of the motor can be determined by the tilting operation portion 243, but it is not limited thereto and can be automatically operated. For example, if the tilting motor 350 is a servo motor, the tilting motor 350 may be rotated by a predetermined angle to maintain the rotation state for a predetermined time, and then returned to the home position.

The tilting motor 350 may be positioned on one side of the outer side of the casing 100 and may be connected through a through hole formed in the casing 100 to be connected to the rotary shaft 330 inside the casing 100. The rotating shaft 330 connected to the tilting motor 350 may be extended to the inside of the casing 100 by a predetermined length and connected to the crucible at an end thereof.

The crucible 310 is formed with a specimen accommodating portion 315 at an upper portion thereof. When the specimen melts and becomes a melt, it changes from a solid state to a liquid state, so that the sample accommodating portion 315 can be formed, for example, in the form of a bowl. When the specimen in the solid state is melted in the specimen container 315 formed on the crucible 310, the molten liquid is transferred to the mold 320. Here, the open side of the crucible 310 may be connected to one side of the mold 320 so that the melt can be moved.

When the rotational shaft 330 connected to the crucible 310 receives the rotational force by the tilting motor 350, the rotational force is transmitted to the crucible 310. Thereby, the crucible 310 can be rotated by a predetermined rotation range. At this time, the direction of rotation may include both clockwise or counterclockwise echo. For example, the crucible 310 can be rotated in a direction in which the mold 320 can be moved downward, whereby the liquid melt stored in the sample accommodating portion 315 flows into the mold 320 by its own weight Can be induced to enter.

2 is a view showing a melting process of the test piece 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 (a) shows a state in which the specimen 1 is placed on the specimen accommodating portion 315 of the crucible 310 before being melted.

Here, the electrode 210 may be positioned eccentrically from the center of the sample accommodating portion 315 by a distance L 1 from the center of the mold 320. Electricity can be applied to the electrode 210 in a state where the electrode 210 is eccentric from the center of the sample accommodating portion 315 and the specimen 1 can be melted by the arc generated at the electrode tip 220.

2B shows a state in which the solid specimen 1 becomes the liquid melt 2 and is accommodated in the specimen accommodating portion 315 and Fig. 2C shows a state in which the crucible 310 rotates And the melt 2 flows into the open portion of the mold 320 due to its own weight. The electrode 210 can move while generating the arc in the direction in which the melt 2 moves in the process of the melt 2 being introduced into the opening of the mold 320. [

Here, the movement means that the electrode tip 220 of the electrode 210 moves. Specifically, the ball joint 270 to which the electrode 210 is connected is automatically moved by a manual or external motor, so that the electrode tip 220 can move in predetermined intervals in the forward, backward, left, and right directions, The electrode tip 220 can be moved up and down by the vertical movement of the cylinder 230 receiving the power from the motor 250. [

Thus, through this movement, the position of the electrode tip 220 maintains a predetermined distance and can continue to generate an arc while the melt 2 is flowing into the mold 320, It is possible to prevent the phenomenon that the melt 2 is cooled or partially cooled while moving.

Since the electrode 210 is close to the mold 320 side by the distance L1 from the center of the crucible 310, even when the electrode tip 220 does not move, the melt 2 is transferred to the mold 320 It is possible to minimize the cooling section occurring during the inflow process.

Here, the separation distance L1 may be, for example, a distance of 1/5 or more of the length from the center of the melt 2 to the end of the melt 2 positioned in the direction of the mold 320. This may vary depending on the shape of the crucible, the type and amount of the melt 2, and the like.

The spacing L1 is such that when the crucible 310 is tilted to move the melt 2 to the mold 320 and the electrode tip 220 is adjacent to the mold 320 during the movement of the melt 2 to the mold 320, It is the distance maintained to be positioned so that it can become.

Therefore, in order to keep the separation distance L1, the electrode 210 is moved toward the center of the crucible 310 so that the electrode tip 220 is adjacent to the center of the specimen 1 during the melting of the specimen 1 Can be inclined.

2 (c), the electrode 210 is inclined toward the mold 320 in order to continuously generate an arc in the melt 2 in a state where the crucible 310 is inclined as shown in FIG. 2 (c) ) May be adjacent to the melt (2).

For example, the electrode 210 may be located in a section between the opening of the mold 320 and a point at 1/5 of the length from the center of the crucible 310 to the end of the melt 2 located toward the mold 320 . When the electrode 210 is located at a position out of the section, an arc is generated or an unnecessary movement of the electrode 210 is increased and the electrode 210 approaches the specimen 1 or the melt 2 Since the angle is increased, the environment for inducing arc generation may become unstable. Here, the position indicates the case where the electrode 210 is positioned in the vertical direction from the crucible 310 which is not tilted.

2, the rotation axis 330 of the crucible 310 may also be eccentrically connected from the center of the crucible 310 to the mold 320 side. This structure may also be used when the crucible 310 is tilted to move the melt 2 to the mold 320, such that the electrode 210 is positioned at a distance L1 from the center of the specimen holder 315. [ The cooling section is minimized and the heat generated by the arc is continuously transmitted during the flow of the melt 2 into the heat exchanger 320.

3 is a view illustrating a process of melting a specimen by an inclined electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The electrode 210 may be vertically eccentrically positioned by a distance L1 from the center of the specimen accommodating portion 315 to the mold 320 so that the specimen 1 is placed on the specimen accommodating portion 315, The electrode 210 may be inclined toward the crucible 310 so that the electrode tip 22 can be oriented toward the specimen 1 in order to generate an arc.

The electrode 210 can be inclined toward the crucible 310 by a distance a, which is an angle at which the electrode 210 can be tilted in FIG. 2 (c). The position of the electrode tip 220 moves up and down with the electrode 210 inclined within the range of the spacing angle a to maintain a predetermined distance from the specimen 1 and to maintain the predetermined arc length.

4 is a view showing a moving structure of the electrode 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the movement of the electrode tip 220 can be determined according to the degree of freedom of the ball joint 270. The ball is fixed in the forward, backward, left, right, up and down directions by the joint receiving portion 170 formed in the casing 100, and the ball is allowed to rotate in the range of the contact section of the ball joint 270. The axis of the electrode 210 may be inclined according to the rotation direction. And the range of movement may be determined according to the contactable area of the ball joint 270. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show the electrode 210 moving by the rotation angle a by the rotation of the ball joint 270.

That is, when the melting apparatus is enlarged, the crucible 310 is formed in a large area on the plane, and the moving range of the electrode tip 220 can be widened. In this case, the distance between the ball joint 270 and the crucible 310 may be increased to increase the range of movement of the electrode tip 220, thereby increasing the rotation range of the electrode 210. In addition, the contact area of the ball joint 270 can be increased to increase the rotation range of the electrode 210.

5 and 6 are views showing a melting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 5 illustrates a process of melting a sample through a plurality of electrodes, and FIG. 6 illustrates that electrodes are controlled in a height direction.

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of a melting apparatus including at least one electrode 211 and 212 in addition to the electrode 210 described above. The electrodes 210, 211, and 212 may be connected to the cylinder 230 through the ball joint 270, and may be individually electrically connected to each other so as to generate electricity by independently applying electricity.

In this case, the ball joint 270 may be formed to have a size corresponding to one side of the electrodes 210, 211, and 212. In addition, the ball joint 270 may be connected to the cylinder 230. Wherein the connection may be connected to each electrode 210, 211, 212 via a voltage-dividing device.

The electrodes 210 and 211 and the electrodes 212 and 212 are arranged to have a predetermined distance from the electrode 210 and the mold 320 while keeping the gap L1 between them. .

In order to continuously generate an arc in the melt 2 when the melt 2 flows into the mold 320 according to the inclination of the crucible 310 when the electrodes 210, 211 and 212 are individually electrically connected, Electricity may be sequentially applied from the electrode 210 close to the sample accommodating portion 315 to the electrode 212 close to the mold 320 to generate an arc.

6, when electricity is sequentially applied to continuously generate an arc in the melt 2, since the crucible 310 is inclined downward from the mold 320 side, the electrodes on the mold 320 side 212 need to generate an arc in a state closer to the downward direction.

Therefore, the electrode tips 222 closer to the mold 320 can be positioned further downward relative to the electrodes 210, 211, and 212. For this purpose, the cylinder 230 is separately connected to the electrodes 210, 211, and 212, or individually movable through a partial pressure device, so that the electrode 212 closer to the mold 310 side is relatively moved downward . Since the position setting affects the melting ability according to the arc length as described above, the melting efficiency can be improved by maintaining a predetermined gap.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a process of melting a test piece 1 by a plurality of oblique electrodes 210, 211, and 212 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, each of the electrodes 210, 211, and 212 can individually receive a force from the motor 250, so that the plurality of electrodes 210, 211, , 211, 212 can be independently moved in the axial direction.

At the same time, each electrode 210, 211, 212 connected to the ball joint 270 can be inclined to generate an arc toward the test piece 1. As described above, each of the electrodes 210, 211, and 212, which can be electrically connected independently, generates a continuous arc in a state in which the specimen 1 is inclined while being melted and changed into the state of the melt 2. [ .

As the crucible 310 is inclined, the electrodes 210, 211 and 212 arranged in the direction of the mold 320 from the position close to the crucible 310 are sequentially placed on the melts 2 moving to the mold 320 An arc may be generated to delay the cooling time while the melt 2 is moved to the mold 320.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, . Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by equivalents to the appended claims, as well as the appended claims.

1: The Psalms
2: Melt
100: casing
110:
130:
150: Hinges
170: Joint
200: electrode part
210, 211, 212: electrodes
220, 221, 222: electrode tip
230: Cylinder
240: Handle
242:
243:
250: motor
270: ball joint
300: crucible part
310: Crucible
315: Specimen accommodating portion
320: Mold
330:
350: tilting motor
L1: separation distance
a: separation angle

Claims

A casing in which a space is formed;
A crucible connected to a rotation axis extending from one surface of the casing to the inside of the casing, the mold being coupled to one side of the casing, And
And an electrode connected to one surface of the casing and positioned eccentrically to the mold side from a central portion of the sample accommodating portion inside the casing,
The electrode extending through the ball joint connected to the casing to the inside of the casing,
The axis of the electrode may be inclined toward the crucible direction or the mold direction in accordance with the rotation direction of the ball joint in the melting process,
A plurality of the electrodes are formed,
Wherein the plurality of electrodes are independently adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the electrodes,
Wherein when the crucible is tilted downwardly to the side to which the mold is connected by the rotation axis, the position of each of the electrode tips, which is the end of the electrode, can be positioned further downward as the position is closer to the mold.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rotating shaft is connected to the side of the crucible between the center side of the specimen accommodating portion and the mold.

delete

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electrode is eccentrically spaced from the center of the specimen accommodating portion by at least one fifth of the radius of the melt that can be placed in the specimen accommodating portion.