KR101840548B1 - Wastewater treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an anaerobic reactor in which organic matter in wastewater is decomposed and treated using anaerobic microorganisms; A membrane evaporation tank in which the supernatant treated and discharged in the anaerobic reactor moves and the water of the supernatant is removed and concentrated by a membrane evaporation method; And an ammonia reaction tank through which the ammonium ions remaining in the concentrated concentrated water through the membrane evaporation tank are removed through the anammox reaction.

Description

[0001] WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM [0002]

The present invention relates to a system for treating wastewater.

Anaerobic digestion refers to the process of converting organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide by anaerobic microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. It is mainly used in the treatment of sewage sludge including high concentration organic matter, food waste, livestock manure. Depending on the process temperature, there are mid-temperature extinguishing (about 35 ° C) and high-temperature extinguishing (about 55 ° C).

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is an anaerobic reaction in which ammonia reacts with an electron donor and nitrous acid with an electron acceptor in an anaerobic state to produce nitrogen gas. It is an energy-efficient process that does not require the supply of oxygen for nitrification and organic carbon source for denitrification, which are required in the conventional biological nitrogen removal process.

Membrane distillation (MD) method is a technique designed by the seawater desalination method, in which high temperature seawater is introduced into one of the two spaces separated by the hydrophobic membrane and low temperature fresh water is introduced into the other side, This is the principle of producing fresh water by steam movement. Since the temperature difference between the two sides is used as the driving force, it is an eco-friendly desalination method because it consumes less energy than the evaporation method in which water is boiled to 100 ° C or higher in order to desalinate seawater and can utilize waste heat. When the membrane evaporation method is used, water of pure steam is moved. Therefore, when this method is used for the wastewater treatment, contaminants of ionic unit can be removed.

A related art is Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1157532 (Registered on June 12, 2012, an anaerobic treatment system for municipal sewage and low concentration wastewater).

The present invention provides a wastewater treatment system that improves anaerobic conditions of anaerobic digestion by continuing anaerobic conditions to the Anammox reactor.

In addition, the mid-temperature or high-temperature extinguishing process of anaerobic digestion operated at a high temperature can provide a wastewater treatment system that can act as a driving force in a membrane evaporation process.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a wastewater treatment system capable of controlling the ratio of ammonium ion to nitrite ion present in the concentrated water before the concentrated water subjected to film evaporation and flowing into the anammox reaction tank.

On the other hand, other unspecified purposes of the present invention will be further considered within the scope of the following detailed description and easily deduced from the effects thereof.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anaerobic reactor including an anaerobic reactor for decomposing organic substances in wastewater using an anaerobic microorganism;

A membrane evaporation tank in which the supernatant which has been treated and discharged in the settling tank is moved and the water of the supernatant is removed by membrane evaporation and concentrated;

And an ammonia reaction tank in which the ammonium ion remaining in the concentrated concentrated water through the membrane evaporation tank is removed through the anammox reaction.

And to provide a wastewater treatment system.

The present invention relates to a method for controlling the ratio of ammonium ions (NH ₄ ⁺⁾ and nitrite ions (NO ₂ ^- ), which is disposed between the membrane evaporation tank and the Anammox reaction tank, May be further included.

The partial nitrification tank,

Aeration tank with partial nitrification

A first sensing unit for sensing the ammonium ion in the aeration tank;

A second sensing unit for sensing the nitrite ions in the aeration tank;

An aeration unit coupled to the aeration tank to supply air;

And a control unit connected to the first sensing unit, the second sensing unit, and the aft unit to control the air supply of the aft unit from a result sensed from the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit .

Wherein,

The air supply of the vent portion can be controlled such that the ratio of the ammonium ion to the nitrite ion is 1: 1.32.

Further, the present invention may further include a sedimentation tank disposed between the anaerobic reaction tank and the membrane evaporation tank for sedimenting and removing sludge from the treated water discharged from the anaerobic tank.

The film-

A membrane evaporation reaction tank having therein a first processing space through which the supernatant is introduced and a second processing space through which purified water flows;

And a passage for introducing water contained in the upper water of the first processing space into the second processing space by a steam pressure gradient between the first water treatment space and the second treatment space, A membrane evaporation membrane.

Further, the present invention may further include a purified water tank connected to the second processing space to receive and store the water contained in the second processing space.

Further, the present invention may further include a generator connected to the anaerobic reactor to generate electricity using biogas generated in the anaerobic reactor.

The generator includes:

And is connected to the membrane evaporation tank, so that the produced electric power can be supplied to the membrane evaporation tank.

According to the present invention as described above, the anaerobic state of the anaerobic reactor can be connected to the anaerobic reactor, so that the entire process can be performed in the anaerobic state, thereby improving the effluent treatment efficiency.

In addition, high thermal energy of the digestive juice generated through anaerobic digestion at a middle temperature or a high temperature (about 55 degrees) can be utilized as driving force in the film evaporation process.

In addition, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the Anammox reaction by sensing the content of ammonium ions and nitrite ions before entering the Anammox reactor and controlling the ratio thereof through aeration.

The biogas generated from the anaerobic digestion tank can be used to supplement the energy of the entire process, or the fresh water generated in the membrane evaporation process during the wastewater treatment process can be utilized as the domestic wastewater.

On the other hand, even if the effects are not explicitly mentioned here, the effect described in the following specification, which is expected by the technical features of the present invention, and its potential effects are treated as described in the specification of the present invention.

1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional biological ammonium ion removal process.
2 is a view showing a process of removing ammonium ions by the anammox process.
3 illustrates a wastewater treatment system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wastewater treatment system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals, A description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a conventional biological ammonium ion removing process, and FIG. 2 is a view showing an ammonium ion removing process by an anammox process.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is an autotrophic reaction in which ammonia reacts with an electron donor and nitrite with an electron acceptor to generate nitrogen gas in the anaerobic state. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is no need to supply oxygen for nitrification and organic carbon source for denitrification, which are required in the conventional biological nitrogen removal process, which is an energy efficient process.

Anaerobic reaction conditions are required to use the Anammox process. The present invention has an advantage in that the anaerobic state of the anaerobic reactor for treating wastewater is linked to the anaamism process, thereby requiring less adaptation period for the anaerobic state required in the anammox process.

3 illustrates a wastewater treatment system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

The wastewater treatment system according to the present invention includes an anaerobic reactor 100, a membrane evaporator 200, and an anammox reactor 300.

The anaerobic tank 100 is a reaction tank in which anaerobic microbes are used to decompose organic substances in wastewater and treat them. Anaerobic digestion using the anaerobic reactor 100 refers to the process of converting organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide by anaerobic microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. It is mainly used in the treatment of sewage sludge including high concentration organic matter, food waste, livestock manure. Depending on the process temperature, there are mid-temperature extinguishing (about 35 ° C) and high-temperature extinguishing (about 55 ° C).

Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, a high temperature extinguishing process during the anaerobic digestion process may be employed. By taking the high-temperature extinguishing process, the high thermal energy of the high-temperature extinguishing process can be used as a driving force required in the subsequent film evaporation process, so that no additional energy is required.

In the membrane evaporation tank (200), the supernatant treated and discharged in the anaerobic reactor (100) is moved, and water of the supernatant is removed by the membrane evaporation method. That is, the treated water is further concentrated while passing through the membrane evaporator 200, and the generated water can be recycled as domestic water.

The membrane evaporation tank 200 includes a membrane evaporation reactor 210, a first processing space 220, a second processing space 230, and a membrane evaporation membrane 240.

A first processing space 220 and a second processing space 230 partitioned by the membrane evaporation membrane 240 are present in the membrane evaporation reaction tank 210. The moisture in the first processing space 220 passes through the membrane evaporation separation membrane 240 by a steam pressure gradient caused by a temperature difference between the supernatant of the first processing space 220 and the purified water in the second processing space 230, (230).

At this time, the membrane evaporation membrane 240 includes a hydrophobic membrane evaporation membrane. The moisture in the first processing space 220 is transferred to the second processing space 240 through the pores of the hydrophobic membrane separation membrane in the form of water vapor It will be done.

That is, a temperature difference between the first processing space 220 and the second processing space 230 is essentially required in the film evaporation tank 200. According to the embodiment of the present invention, The temperature can be solved by using the high temperature extinguishing process in the anaerobic reactor 100. That is, no additional power is needed to raise the temperature.

The water (purified water) collected in the second processing space 230 is sent to the purified water tank 600, and can be used as domestic water.

Concentrated water while passing through the membrane evaporator 200 can be treated in the subsequent anamox process.

The Anammox reaction tank 300 removes ammonium ions remaining in the concentrated concentrated water through the membrane evaporation tank 200 through the anammox reaction.

According to the present invention, the treatment of the wastewater starts in the anaerobic digestion state, and the anaerobic state can be maintained through the membrane evaporation tank 200 and the anammox reaction tank 300 according to the present invention. Thus, there is no need to maintain the anaerobic conditions required for the Anammox reaction.

The wastewater treatment system according to the present invention may further include a partial nitrification tank 400 between the membrane evaporation tank 200 and the anammox reaction tank 300. The partial nitrification tank 400 supplies air to the concentrated concentrated water through the membrane evaporator 200 to control the ratio of ammonium and nitrite ions required for the Anammox reaction.

The partial nitrification tank 400 includes an aeration tank 410, a first sensing unit 420, a second sensing unit 430, an aeration unit 440, and a control unit 450.

A partial nitrification reaction is performed in the aeration tank 410.

The first sensing unit 420 is coupled to the aeration tank 410 and senses ammonium ions in the concentrated water. The second sensing unit 430 is also connected to the aeration tank 410 to measure nitrite ions in the concentrated water. The results of the ammonium and nitrite ions thus measured are transmitted to the controller 450. The controller 450 controls the operation of the aerator 440 based on the results of the transferred ammonium and nitrite ions.

For maximum efficiency of the Anammox reaction, a certain ratio of ammonium and nitrite ions is required. Referring to FIG. 2, it can be most efficient when the ammonium ion and the nitrite ion are maintained at 1: 1.32. Accordingly, in the present invention, ammonium ion and nitrite ion are respectively measured, and it is determined from the measured results whether or not air is supplied to the partial nitrification tank 400.

In the present invention, since the anaerobic state is maintained from the anaerobic tank 100, the concentrated water flowing into the partial nitrification tank 400 is also insufficient in oxygen. That is, a situation where the ratio of the ammonium ion to the nitrite ion is less than 1: 1.32 may be general. In this case, by supplying air (approximately 21% oxygen in air), the ratio of ammonium ion to nitrite ion can be maintained at 1: 1.32.

The controller 450 may control the air supply of the aeration unit 440 from the measurement results of the first sensing unit 420 and the second sensing unit 430 to lead to an efficient anamosculation process.

The wastewater treatment system according to the present invention may further include a settling tank 500. The sedimentation tank 500 is disposed between the anaerobic tank 100 and the membrane evaporation tank 200 and removes sludge from the treated water discharged and processed in the anaerobic tank 100. By removing the concentrated sludge, the sludge-removed supernatant can be transferred to the evaporation tank 200.

In addition, the wastewater treatment system according to the present invention may further include a generator 700.

The generator 700 is connected to the anaerobic tank 100 to generate electricity using biogas generated in the anaerobic tank 100. At this time, the generator 700 is connected to the membrane evaporator 200, so that the electric power generated by the generator 700 can be supplied to the evaporator 200.

The power generated by the generator 700 can be utilized to supplement the energy required for the entire process, such as maintaining the temperature of the anaerobic reactor 100, providing the power required for pump operation to move the process water between each process, and the like.

Therefore, by using the electric power produced by the generator 700 at the driving force that may be required in the membrane vaporizing bath 200, an additional driving facility becomes unnecessary. That is, it is possible to drive the wastewater treatment system according to the present invention with self-produced power.

The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the description and the expression of the embodiments explicitly described in the foregoing. It is again to be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention can not be limited by obvious alterations or permutations of the present invention.

100: anaerobic tank
200: membrane evaporation tank
210: Evaporation reaction tank
220: first processing space
230: second processing space
240: membrane evaporation membrane
300: Anamox reaction tank
400: partial nitrification tank
410: aeration tank
420: first sensing unit
430: second sensing unit
440:
450:
500: settling tank
600: Water tank
700: generator

Claims (9)

An anaerobic tank in which organic matter in wastewater is decomposed and treated using an anaerobic microorganism, wherein a high temperature digestion process at 55 ° C is adopted;
The supernatant which has been treated and discharged in the anaerobic reactor moves, and the water of the supernatant is removed and concentrated by the membrane evaporation method, and the high thermal energy of the high-temperature extinguishing process is used as a driving force in the membrane evaporation process by the membrane evaporation method Membrane evaporation tank;
And an ammonia reaction tank in which ammonium ions remaining in concentrated concentrated water through the membrane evaporation tank are removed through an anammox reaction,
A partial nitrification tank disposed between the membrane evaporation tank and the Anamox reaction tank for controlling the ratio of ammonium ions (NH ₄ ⁺⁾ and nitrite ions (NO ₂ ^- ) required for the Anammox reaction by supplying air ≪ / RTI &
Further comprising a generator connected to the anaerobic reactor to generate electricity using biogas generated in the anaerobic reactor,
The generator includes:
Wherein the membrane vaporizer is connected to the membrane vaporizer, and is capable of supplying the produced power to the membrane vaporizer.
Wastewater treatment system. delete The method according to claim 1,
The partial nitrification tank,
Aeration tank with partial nitrification
A first sensing unit for sensing the ammonium ion in the aeration tank;
A second sensing unit for sensing the nitrite ions in the aeration tank;
An aeration unit coupled to the aeration tank to supply the air;
And a control unit connected to the first sensing unit, the second sensing unit, and the aft unit to control the air supply of the aft unit from a result sensed from the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit As a result,
Wastewater treatment system. The method of claim 3,
Wherein,
Characterized in that the supply of air to the venting portion is controlled such that the ratio of the ammonium ion to the nitrite ion is 1: 1.32.
Wastewater treatment system. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a sedimentation tank disposed between the anaerobic reaction tank and the membrane evaporation tank for precipitating and removing sludge from the treated water discharged from the anaerobic tank.
Wastewater treatment system. The method according to claim 1,
The film-
A membrane evaporation reaction tank having therein a first processing space through which the supernatant is introduced and a second processing space through which purified water flows;
And a passage for introducing water contained in the upper water of the first processing space into the second processing space by a steam pressure gradient between the first water treatment space and the second treatment space, Characterized in that it comprises a membrane evaporation membrane,
Wastewater treatment system. The method according to claim 6,
Further comprising a water tank connected to the second processing space to receive and store the water contained in the second processing space. delete delete

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