KR101834951B1 - Linear reciprocal friction wear test apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus is disclosed. The linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus comprises: a lower specimen holder structure linearly moving a lower specimen in the horizontal direction; an upper specimen holder arranged on an upper side of the lower specimen, wherein a lower portion of an upper specimen is exposed to be mounted in a lower portion; a rigid arm applying a freedom degree with respect to vertical movement to the upper specimen holder, and restricting horizontal movement of the upper specimen holder; a weight applying downward load to the upper specimen holder when the upper specimen holder is moved downwards for the upper specimen to come in contact with the lower specimen; and a control unit controlling the lower specimen holder structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus,

The present invention relates to a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus.

The conventional friction tester is designed so that the elastic arm is adjusted horizontally by the balance weight and then the specimen holder with the specimen mounted on the resilient arm is placed and the contact load is applied to the elastic arm on which the specimen holder is placed. . According to this, the test procedure is not easy since the leveling of the elastic arm is required to be adjusted by the counterbalance before the test is performed for each test, and a balance is needed to level the elastic arm.

Also, according to the conventional friction tester, it is difficult to accurately measure the relative displacement between two specimens because the rigid deformation due to the elasticity of the elastic arm is included in the moving distance in measuring the relative displacement between the two specimens during the friction test. In addition, since the conventional friction tester can measure only the frictional force, the degree of wear was measured by a separate wear measuring device after the frictional force test.

The background technology of the present application is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-0029292.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus in which the process of adjusting the level of the elastic arm can be omitted and a balance need not be additionally provided.

It should be understood, however, that the technical scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the above-described technical problems, and other technical problems may exist.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus comprising: a lower specimen holder structure for linearly moving a lower specimen in a horizontal direction; An upper specimen holder disposed on the upper side of the lower specimen and having a lower specimen exposed at a lower portion thereof; A rigid arm which restrains the upper specimen holder so as to impart a degree of freedom to the upward and downward movement and restrict movement in the horizontal direction; A weight weight for applying a downward load to the upper specimen holder so that the upper specimen holder is moved downward so that the upper specimen contacts the lower specimen; And a controller for controlling the lower specimen holder structure.

The upper specimen holder structure according to the second aspect of the present application comprises: an upper specimen holder disposed above a lower specimen movable in a linear direction, the upper specimen having its lower portion exposed and mounted; A rigid arm which restrains the upper specimen holder so as to impart a degree of freedom to the upward and downward movement and restrict movement in the horizontal direction; And a weight attached to the upper specimen holder such that the upper specimen holder is moved downward so that the upper specimen contacts the lower specimen.

A linear reciprocating friction wear test method according to the third aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) mounting the lower specimen to the lower specimen holder structure and mounting the upper specimen to the upper specimen holder; (b) moving the upper specimen holder in a downward direction by mounting the weight to the upper specimen holder such that the upper specimen holder is moved downward so that the lower specimen contacts the upper specimen; And (c) linearly moving the lower specimen by the lower specimen holder structure under the control of the controller.

The above-described task solution is merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. In addition to the exemplary embodiments described above, there may be additional embodiments in the drawings and the detailed description of the invention.

According to the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the rigid arm restrains the upper specimen holder to a degree of freedom in the vertical direction movement and restricts the movement in the horizontal direction, and moves the upper specimen holder in the downward direction so that the upper specimen and the lower specimen contact The linear adjustment of the rigid arm and the linear tribological friction and wear test apparatus which do not require a balance weight can be realized.

1 is a schematic side view of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a top specimen holder of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application.
3 is a schematic side view of a rigid arm of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application.
4 is a schematic front view of a rigid arm of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;
5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lower specimen holder of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application.
6 is a schematic plan view of a lower fixture of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application.
7 is a schematic plan view of an upper fixture on which a lower specimen of a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention is disposed.
8 is a schematic flow chart for explaining a linear reciprocating friction wear test method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating other steps performed during step S300 of the linear reciprocating friction wear test method according to one embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, the same reference numbers are used throughout the specification to refer to the same or like parts.

Throughout this specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it is not limited to a case where it is "directly connected" but also includes the case where it is "electrically connected" do.

It will be appreciated that throughout the specification it will be understood that when a member is located on another member "top", "top", "under", "bottom" But also the case where there is another member between the two members as well as the case where they are in contact with each other.

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as "including " an element, it is understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

The term (upper, upper, upper, lower, lower, lower end, horizontal direction, etc.) related to the direction or position in the description of the embodiments of the present application is set based on the arrangement state of each structure shown in the drawings. For example, when viewed from Fig. 1, the 12 o'clock direction is generally on the upper side, the end portion facing the 12 o'clock direction as a whole is at the upper end, the end portion at the 12 o'clock direction as a whole is at the uppermost end, The end portion facing the o'clock direction may be the lower end, the end portion generally facing the 6 o'clock direction may be the lowest end, and the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction as a whole may be the horizontal direction.

Hereinafter, a linear reciprocating friction and abrasion testing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a " linear reciprocating friction and abrasion testing apparatus ") will be described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus, Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an upper specimen holder of the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus, and Fig. 3 is a cross- 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lower specimen fixing table of the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus, and Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional linear reciprocating friction and abrasion tester. Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a rigid- Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of an upper fixture on which a lower specimen of the present linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus is disposed. Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a lower fixture of a tribological wear test apparatus.

Referring to FIG. 1, the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus includes a lower specimen holder structure 1. As shown in FIG. The lower specimen holder structure 1 linearly moves the lower specimen 19. Illustratively, the lower specimen holder structure 1 can reciprocate the lower specimen 19, as will be described in detail below. Also, for reference, the lower specimen 19 may be a flat plate specimen (flat specimen).

The linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus includes a control unit 99. [ The control unit 99 controls the lower specimen holder structure 1. Illustratively, the control unit 99 can control the lower specimen holder structure 1 according to the input sliding distance (the distance that the lower specimen is linearly moved in one direction in both directions in which the lower specimen is reciprocated) and the number of reciprocating cycles.

Further, referring to Fig. 1, the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus includes a upper specimen holder 2. The upper specimen holder 2 is disposed on the upper side of the lower specimen 19. A lower portion of the upper specimen holder 2 is mounted with the upper specimen 29 exposed. For reference, the upper specimen 29 may be a specimen in the form of a ball or a pin.

Illustratively, referring to FIG. 2, the upper specimen holder 2 may include a cylinder portion 21. The cylinder portion 21 may include a hollow portion 215 which is perforated along the vertical direction. At the lower end of the hollow portion 215, the upper specimen 29 may be mounted with its lower portion exposed. A through hole 214 having a width (diameter) smaller than the width (diameter) of the upper specimen 29 is formed at the lowermost end of the hollow portion 215 so as to be fixed in a state in which the upper specimen 29 is not detached downward . Referring to FIG. 2, the through-hole 214 may be formed such that its width (diameter) gradually increases toward the upper side

2, the upper specimen holder 2 may include a screw bolt portion 22. The lower end of the screw bolt portion 22 contacts the upper portion of the upper specimen 29 and is disposed in the hollow portion 215 to fix the position of the upper specimen 29. [ More specifically, the screw bolt portion 22 can fix the upper specimen 29 so that the upper specimen 29 is not rotated during testing by the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus.

In addition, the first thread 212 may be formed on the inner circumference of the hollow portion 215. For reference, the first screw thread 212 may not be formed in consideration of the arrangement of the upper specimen 29 at the lower end of the hollow 215. In addition, a second screw thread 221 engaging with the first screw thread may be formed on at least a part of the outer periphery of the screw bolt portion 22. The screw bolt portion 22 can be rotated with respect to the cylinder portion 21 so that the second screw thread 221 is engaged with the first screw thread 212. [

In addition, a handle 225 that can be held by the user can be provided on the screw bolt portion 22 so that the screw bolt portion 22 can be easily rotated.

1, the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus includes a rigid arm 4 for restricting the upper specimen holder 2 to a degree of freedom in the vertical direction movement and to limit the horizontal movement. Specifically, the rigid arm 4 can be fixed with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Illustratively, the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus may include a fixing block 9 for fixing the rigid arm 4 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The rigid arm (4) can be screwed with the fixed block (9) so as not to move during testing by the present linear reciprocating friction and wear tester. For reference, the fixed block 9 can be fixed to the floor.

The rigid arm 4 may be formed with a hole 41 through which the upper specimen holder 2 is vertically movably inserted. Illustratively, the diameter of the portion of the upper specimen holder 2 passing through the hole 41 and the diameter of the hole 41, so as to be movable up and down in the hole 41 of the upper specimen holder 2, Lt; / RTI > The tolerance is preferably 0.015 mm, and the hole 41 can be formed by precision machining so that this tolerance value is formed.

1, the present apparatus for testing linear reciprocating friction and abrasion includes a weight 5. The weights 5 apply a downward load (vertical load) to the upper specimen holder 2 so that the upper specimen holder 2 is moved downward so that the upper specimen 29 contacts the lower specimen 19. [

The upper specimen 29 is mounted on the upper specimen holder 2 and can be moved downward by the weight 5 and in frictional contact with the upper specimen 19. [

Specifically, after the upper specimen holder 2 on which the upper specimen 29 is mounted is placed in the hole 41 of the rigid arm 4, when the weight 5 is mounted on the upper specimen holder 2, The holder 2 can be moved downward by the load of the weight 5 so that the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 can be contacted. Since the downward load is applied to the upper specimen 29 by the weight 5 while the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 are in contact with each other, the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 It can be in friction contact.

According to the conventional friction tester, the movement of the specimen was performed in such a manner that a contact load was applied to the resilient arm in which the specimen holder was disposed. However, according to the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus, the upper specimen holder 2 is movable in the vertical direction and the contact load (downward load) is applied to the upper specimen holder 2 for testing, May be moved downward and contacted with the lower specimen 19. [

The weight 5 may be provided on the upper portion of the upper specimen holder 2. Illustratively, the weight 5 can be mounted on the upper end of the cylinder portion 21. [ The upper end portion of the cylinder portion 21 is provided with an upper end portion of the cylinder portion 21 so that the weight weight fixing ring portion 6 for mounting the weight 5 along the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the cylinder portion 21 can be disposed. A third thread 211 screwed to the thread of the weight weight fixing ring part 6 may be formed.

Referring to FIG. 1, the weight weight fixing ring portion 6 may include an upper fixing ring 61 and a lower fixing ring 62, each of which is screwed with the third thread 211. 1, the upper retaining ring 61 and the lower retaining ring 62 can be screwed to the third thread 211 with the weight 5 interposed therebetween.

Conventional testers were constructed in such a way as to add weight to the specimen holder or resilient arm. However, according to such a conventional testing machine, there is a problem that during the test, the weight is rotated around the vertical axis, and the weight is further vibrated due to the tolerance between the weight and the specimen holder. Further, according to the conventional testing machine, there is a problem that when the weight is further rotated, the upper specimen holder rotates or a moment is added to the elastic arm.

However, according to the present linear reciprocating friction and wear test apparatus, since the weight 5 is fixed by the upper retaining ring 61 and the lower retaining ring 62, the vibration of the weight 5 is prevented And the problem of influencing the test result by the vibration of the weight 5 can be prevented.

1, the present linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus may include a load cell section 3. [ The load cell section 3 can measure the load acting on the upper specimen 29 by the lower specimen 19 moved in the horizontal direction in the contact state of the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19. [ In addition, the control unit 99 can estimate the friction between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 by using the load measured by the load cell unit 3.

Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, the rigid arm 4 may extend along a linear direction in which the lower specimen 19 moves. Further, the load cell section 3 may be provided in the rigid arm 4 to measure a load acting in a linear direction.

The upper specimen 29 is positioned and fixed in the horizontal direction so that when the lower specimen 19 is moved in contact with the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19, An external force due to the movement of the test piece 19 acts. However, since the upper specimen 29 is fixed in the horizontal direction, the external force acting on the upper specimen 29 can be transmitted to the load cell unit 3 through the rigid arm 4, The load can be measured. The load cell unit 3 can calculate the frictional force using the measured load. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the load cell section 3 estimates the frictional force by using the measured load, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The calculation of the frictional force of the load cell unit 3 can be performed in real time while the lower specimen 19 is linearly moved.

In addition, the linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus may include the first displacement sensor unit 7. [ The first displacement sensor part 7 is provided on the upper part of the upper specimen holder 2 to measure the vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder 2.

)를 측정할 수 있다. 또한, 제1 변위센서부(7)는 하부 시편(19)의 이동이 이루어지는 동안 상부 시편 홀더(2)의 상하 변위를 측정할 수 있다.Illustratively, the first displacement sensor portion 7 is configured such that when the upper specimen holder 2 is moved downward by the weight 7 so that the upper specimen 29 initially contacts the lower specimen 19, The initial up-and-down displacement of the upper specimen holder 2

) Can be measured. In addition, the first displacement sensor unit 7 can measure the up-and-down displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 while the lower specimen 19 is being moved.

)를 사이클 단위로 산정할 수 있다. 또한, 제어부(99)는 하부 시편(19)의 이동 사이클 당 상부 시편 홀더(2)의 평균 상하 변위(

)를 산정할 수 있다.The control unit 99 determines the wear depth of the lower specimen 19 by using the upper and lower displacements of the upper specimen holder 2 measured by the first displacement sensor unit 7

) Can be calculated on a cycle-by-cycle basis. In addition, the control unit 99 determines the average vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 per moving cycle of the lower specimen 19

) Can be calculated.

)를 기반으로 비마모율 계수를 산정할 수 있다.Further, the lower specimen holder structure 1 can linearly reciprocate the lower specimen 19. In this case, the control unit 99 calculates the average vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 calculated per reciprocating cycle of the lower specimen 19

), The non-wear rate coefficient can be calculated.

)를 계산하여 마모 깊이(

)를 계산할 수 있다. 참고로, 마모 깊이(

)는 이하의 [수학식 1]을 통해 산정될 수 있다.Specifically, when the linear reciprocating motion of the lower specimen 19 occurs, the first displacement sensor unit 7 can measure the vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder 2, and the control unit 99 can measure the upper specimen holder 2 The average vertical displacement of the holder 2 (

) To calculate the wear depth (

) Can be calculated. For reference, wear depth (

) Can be calculated through the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]

는 보정 계수인데, 실험을 통해 기결정된 값일 수 있다. 또한, 마모 깊이(

)를 산정하는데 있어서, 시편 홀더(2)의 평균 상하 변위(

)를 사용하는 이유는 공차와 진동에 의한 오차를 최소화하기 위함이다.For reference, in Equation (1)

Is a correction factor, which may be a predetermined value through experiments. Also, wear depth (

), The average vertical displacement of the specimen holder 2 (

) Is used to minimize errors due to tolerances and vibrations.

)을 산정할 수 있는데, 마모 체적(

)은 이하의 [수학식 2]를 통해 산정될 수 있다.In addition, the control unit 99 calculates the wear volume per cycle

), The wear volume (

) Can be estimated through the following equation (2).

&Quot; (2) "

는 상부 시편(29)과 하부 시편(19)의 접촉 반경(Hertz contact theory에 근거)이고,

는 상술한 슬라이딩 거리이며,

는 무게추(7)에 의해 부가된 하중이다.For reference, in Equation (2)

(Based on the Hertz contact theory) of the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19,

Is the above-described sliding distance,

Is the load added by the weight 7.

)를 산정할 수 있다. 비마모율 계수(

)는 Archard wear 식에 근거한 이하의 [수학식 3]에 의해 산정될 수 있다.In addition, the control unit 99 calculates the non-wear rate coefficient

) Can be calculated. Non-wear rate coefficient (

) Can be estimated by the following Equation (3) based on the Archard wear equation.

&Quot; (3) "

는 사이클당 마모 체적의 변화율이다. 또한, 제어부(99)의 비마모율 계수(

) 산정은 하부 시편(19)의 왕복 운동이 종료된 후 이루어질 수 있다.For reference, in Equation (3)

Is the rate of change of wear volume per cycle. Further, the non-wear rate coefficient of the control unit 99

) May be performed after the reciprocating motion of the lower specimen 19 is completed.

Conventionally, the abrasion depth was measured for the worn specimens after abrasion testing was stopped. In addition, conventionally, the non-wear rate coefficient (abrasion resistance of the material) was estimated from the worn specimens after several abrasion tests. In other words, in order to measure the specific wear rate coefficient or the wear coefficient which conventionally represents the abrasion resistance of a material, several abrasion tests were required, so that the test was carried out every time a reciprocating cycle was performed It was common to measure the amount of abrasion by stopping and determine the wear factor (including the wear rate coefficient) in the change in wear amount according to the cycle. In addition, several abrasion tests were required to determine one wear factor. In addition, according to the method of measuring the vertical displacement of the end portion of the elastic arm having the conventional balance weight, when the tip of the elastic arm moves downward, the contact shape between the upper specimen and the lower specimen is changed. Particularly, There is a problem that the degree of inclination is increased.

However, according to the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus, it is possible to determine the change in the wear amount during the test by the change in the wear depth, so that it is possible to measure the non-wear rate coefficient (or the wear coefficient) in one test.

In addition, the linear friction and wear tester can confirm the degree of thermal expansion of the thin film solid lubricant. For example, in the micro-reciprocating displacement (fretting) friction test, the temperature of the contact surface between the upper specimen (29) and the lower specimen (19) rises during the test so that the thermal expansion of the metal solid lubricant can be observed have.

Further, according to the present linear friction and wear testing apparatus, in the case of a multi-layer solid lubricant (mainly used in an aircraft engine turbine blade), since it is possible to confirm when each coating layer is punched, It can be helpful.

  Illustratively, the first displacement sensor unit 7 can measure the up-and-down displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 in real time while the lower specimen 19 is moving linearly, and the control unit 99 can measure the up- The displacement can be used to estimate the wear depth in cycles.

The linear reciprocating friction and wear test apparatus is capable of calculating the frictional force between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 via the load cell section 3 and the first displacement sensor section 7, It is possible to simultaneously perform the wear depth calculation. In addition, frictional force calculation and wear depth calculation can be performed in real time. Accordingly, the frictional wear state of the material can be grasped during the test of the material.

In the linear reciprocating friction and abrasion tester according to the present invention, the rigid arm 4 is positioned and fixed in a horizontal state, and the upper specimen holder 2 moves up and down with respect to the rigid arm 4, A process for setting the rigid arm 4 in a horizontal state is not necessary.

In the conventional friction tester, a friction test was performed after the specimen fixing part was adjusted (set) to be horizontal by the balance weight. However, according to the present invention, as described above, since it is not necessary to set the rigid arm 4 in a horizontal state, it is unnecessary to add a balance, the test time can be shortened, and the test procedure can be facilitated and simplified .

3 and 4, the rigid arm 4 may have a I-shaped cross section. Conventionally, a configuration having a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section was used in a configuration corresponding to the rigid arm 4 of the present linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus. According to this, in the tester of the conventional cantilever type, a moment (Q x d) is generated by the frictional force (Q) in the tester, and therefore the bending strength of the cantilever is important. However, when the self weight of the cantilever is increased, the self-weight of the cantilever causes a downward deflection when the tester is used for a long period of time. In order to solve this problem, the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus has improved rigidity bending strength of the rigid arm 4 by including a rigid arm 4 having a I-shaped cross section.

Further, in the present linear reciprocating friction and wear test apparatus, the rigid arm 4 can be engaged with the load cell 3 by the tap 45. [ Further, a rigid body ring 43 may be disposed between the rigid arm 4 and the load cell 3. The rigid body ring 43 may have an area such that the cross section of the rigid arm 4 is in full contact with the load cell. In other words, the rigid arm 4 and the rigid circumference 43 and the load cell 3 can be joined by the tap 45.

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 1, in the present linear reciprocating friction wear testing apparatus, the lower specimen holder structure 1 can linearly reciprocate the lower specimen 19 in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the lower specimen holder structure 1 may include a lower specimen holder 11 to which the lower specimen 19 is fixedly disposed. The lower specimen 19 can be bolted to the lower specimen holder 11. Further, the lower specimen holder structure 1 may include a movable table 12 on which the lower specimen holder 11 is fixedly disposed and movable in the horizontal direction. The movable table 12 can perform a linear reciprocating motion in accordance with a previously inputted displacement magnitude.

Referring to Fig. 1, the movable table 12 is linearly movable by the linear motor 13. Fig. More specifically, the movable table 12 can be linearly reciprocated by the linear motor 12. According to the lower specimen holder structure 1, the lower specimen 19 can be linearly reciprocated. In addition, the vertical height of the lower specimen holder 11 is adjustable.

5, the lower specimen fixture 11 may include a lower fixture 111 and an upper fixture 112. [ 5 and 6, the lower body fixing table 111 includes a plate 1111 fixedly disposed on the movable table 12 and a column 1111 protruded upward from the plate 1111 and having a thread 1113 formed along the outer periphery thereof. (Not shown).

5 and 7, the upper body fixing block 112 is formed with threads 1123 which are threadably engageable with the threads 1113 of the column portions 1112 along the inner periphery thereof so that at least the outer surface of the column portions 1112 And can be arranged around a part thereof. The height of the upper body fixing member 112 with respect to the lower body fixing base 112 can be adjusted according to the degree of thread engagement between the upper body fixing member 112 and the lower body fixing member 111. [ For example, in a state where the upper body fixing member 112 is engaged with the lower body fixing member 111, the upper body fixing member 112 is rotated to adjust the degree of screw connection, so that the vertical height of the lower specimen fixing member 11 can be adjusted.

  5 and 7, the lower specimen 19 may be fixedly disposed on the upper body fixing member 112. [ Specifically, the upper fixture 112 includes a circumference portion 1121 formed to surround the lower specimen arrangement space portion where the lower specimen 19 is disposed, and a circumferential portion 1121 And a plurality of fixing members 1122 arranged to penetrate the lower specimen 19 and fix the lower specimen 19 to the periphery. The fixing member 1122 can be screwed with the peripheral portion 1121 to adjust the amount of protrusion of the peripheral portion 1121 to the inside. Illustratively, the smaller the diameter of the lower specimen 19, the greater the amount of protrusion of the fixing member 1122 inward of the peripheral portion 1121 of the fixing member 1122 to contact the lower specimen 19 have. For example, referring to FIG. 5, the projecting amount of the peripheral portion 1121 of the fixing member 1122 toward the inside can be adjusted according to the screwing position of the fixing member 1122 and the peripheral portion 1121. Further, the fixing member 1122 may be a flathead bolt.

Conventionally, the lower specimen is fixed to the lower specimen holder, and then the cantilever is moved vertically to contact the upper specimen with the lower specimen. According to such a conventional testing machine, a height adjustment driving device was required for the fixed block to move the cantilevers in the vertical direction. However, since the height of the lower specimen holder 11 can be adjusted by moving the upper specimen holder 2 in the vertical direction as described above, It is not necessary to provide a driving device. In addition, according to the above-described lower specimen holder 11, various types of lower specimens 19 can be used.

Further, the upper body fixing member 112 may be rotatable. As a result, the lower specimen placed on the upper fixture 112 can be rotated together by rotating the upper fixture 112, so that the sliding direction of the upper specimen 29 with respect to the lower specimen 19 can be variously adjusted as needed.

In addition, the linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus may include a second displacement sensor section 8. The second displacement sensor part 8 can measure the horizontal displacement between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19. The second displacement sensor unit 8 is provided on the movable table 12 to measure the horizontal displacement between the lower specimen 19 and the upper specimen 29 in real time. The relative displacement between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 can be precisely measured by the second displacement sensor portion 2 and the abrasion due to the fine displacement can be also tested. For reference, the second displacement sensor unit 2 may be a contact-type sensor or a non-contact-type sensor.

According to the conventional friction tester, in measuring the relative displacement between two specimens during the friction test, the relative displacement between the two specimens can not be accurately measured since the displacement of the elastic arm due to elasticity is included in the moving distance. However, according to the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus, the second displacement sensor unit 8 measures the moving distance between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19, and thereby detects the actual upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 The horizontal displacement between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 can be accurately measured irrespective of the rigidity change of the linear reciprocating friction wear tester.

Recent advanced mechanical and aerospace components are demanding high performance. Therefore, it is essential to understand friction characteristics and wear performance in linear bearings for mechanical and aerospace applications. This paper is necessary for the development of bearings for linear reciprocating friction motions. The present invention can simultaneously evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of various low friction solid lubricants. Therefore, according to the present invention, the test cost and time can be greatly shortened.

Hereinafter, the upper specimen holder structure according to one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as " upper specimen holder structure ") will be described. However, since the present upper specimen holder structure is applied to the above-described conventional linear reciprocating friction and abrasion tester, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components as those described in the previous linear reciprocating friction and abrasion tester, The description will be simplified or omitted.

The upper specimen holder structure includes an upper specimen holder (2). The upper specimen holder 2 is disposed on the upper side of the lower specimen 19. A lower portion of the upper specimen holder 2 is mounted with the upper specimen 29 exposed. For reference, the upper specimen 29 may be a specimen in the form of a ball or a pin.

Illustratively, the upper specimen holder 2 may include a cylinder portion 21. The cylinder portion 21 may include a hollow portion 215 which is perforated along the vertical direction. At the lower end of the hollow portion 215, the upper specimen 29 may be mounted with its lower portion exposed.

The upper specimen holder 2 may also include a screw bolt portion 22. The lower end of the screw bolt portion 22 contacts the upper portion of the upper specimen 29 and is disposed in the hollow portion 215 to fix the position of the upper specimen 29. [

In addition, the first thread 212 may be formed on the inner circumference of the hollow portion 215. For reference, the first screw thread 212 may not be formed in consideration of the arrangement of the upper specimen 29 at the lower end of the hollow 215. In addition, a second screw thread 221 engaging with the first screw thread may be formed on at least a part of the outer periphery of the screw bolt portion 22.

The upper specimen holder structure also includes a rigid arm 4 that restrains the upper specimen holder 2 to a degree of freedom in the up and down direction and restricts the movement in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the rigid arm 4 can be fixed with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Illustratively, the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus may include a fixing block 9 for fixing the rigid arm 4 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The rigid arm 4 may be formed with a hole 41 through which the upper specimen holder 2 is vertically movably inserted.

The present upper specimen holder structure also includes a weight 5. The weights 5 apply a downward load (vertical load) to the upper specimen holder 2 so that the upper specimen holder 2 is moved downward so that the upper specimen 29 contacts the lower specimen 19. [

The weight 5 may be provided on the upper portion of the upper specimen holder 2. Illustratively, the weight 5 can be mounted on the upper end of the cylinder portion 21. [ The upper end portion of the cylinder portion 21 is provided with an upper end portion of the cylinder portion 21 so that the weight weight fixing ring portion 6 for mounting the weight 5 along the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the cylinder portion 21 can be disposed. A third thread 211 screwed to the thread of the weight weight fixing ring part 6 may be formed.

The weight weight fixing ring portion 6 may include an upper fixing ring 61 and a lower fixing ring 62, each of which is screwed with the third thread 211. 1, the upper retaining ring 61 and the lower retaining ring 62 can be screwed to the third thread 211 with the weight 5 interposed therebetween.

In addition, the linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus may include a load cell section 3. The load cell unit 3 measures the load acting on the upper specimen 29 by the lower specimen 19 moved in the horizontal direction in contact with the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19, And the lower specimen 19 can be estimated.

Specifically, the rigid arm 4 may extend along a linear direction in which the lower specimen 19 moves. Further, the load cell section 3 may be provided in the rigid arm 4 to measure a load acting in a linear direction.

The present invention also provides a linear reciprocating friction wear test method (hereinafter referred to as " linear reciprocating friction wear test method ") according to one embodiment of the present application. Hereinafter, this linear reciprocating friction wear test method will be described. However, since this linear reciprocating friction wear test method is based on the above-described linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components as those described in the above-mentioned linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus, The description will be simplified or omitted.

FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart for explaining the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method, and FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart for explaining steps performed by the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method during the step S300.

8, the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method includes a step (S100) of mounting the lower specimen 19 on the lower specimen holder structure 1 and mounting the upper specimen 29 on the upper specimen holder 2 .

8, in the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method, the upper specimen holder 2 is moved in the downward direction so that the lower specimen 19 and the upper specimen 29 are brought into contact with the upper specimen holder 2 And mounting the weight 5 to move the upper specimen holder 2 downward (S200).

Referring to FIG. 9, the linear reciprocating friction wear test method may perform the step S250 of measuring the initial up-and-down displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 between step S200 and S300 described later. Illustratively, the first displacement sensor portion 7 can measure the initial up-and-down displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 when the upper specimen holder 2 is initially moved in the downward direction by the weight 7 have.

8, the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method includes a step (S300) in which the lower specimen holder structure 1 linearly moves the lower specimen 19 under the control of the control unit 99.

The linear reciprocating friction wear test method may further include a step of performing a linear reciprocating frictional wear test using the load measured by the load cell section 3 of the linear reciprocating friction and abrasion tester of the present invention during the step S300 or after the step S300, And calculating the frictional force between the specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19. As described above, the load cell unit 3 measures the load acting on the upper specimen 29 by the lower specimen 19 moved in the horizontal direction in the contact state of the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19 .

The linear reciprocating friction abrasion test method is a method in which the controller 99 controls the upper and lower test piece holders 2 measured by the first displacement sensor unit 7 of the linear reciprocating friction abrasion tester during step S300, And calculating the wear depth of the lower specimen 19 in cycles using the displacement. As described above, the first displacement sensor unit 7 is provided on the upper side of the upper specimen holder 2 to measure the up-and-down displacement of the upper specimen holder 2.

Further, in step S300, the lower specimen holder structure 1 can linearly reciprocate the lower specimen 19 under the control of the control unit 99. [ In this case, the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method is a method in which the controller 99 calculates the non-wear rate coefficient based on the average vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 calculated per reciprocating cycle of the lower specimen 19 during the step S300 .

9, the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method includes a step S400 of measuring a vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder 2 using the first displacement sensor unit 7 while the step S300 is performed, Can be performed. Upper and lower displacement signal noise canceling filters may be used during step S400.

9, the present linear reciprocating friction and wear test method is a method in which the controller 99 controls the average upper and lower portions of the upper specimen holder 2 per cycle (reciprocating movement) of the lower specimen 19 during the step S300, A step of calculating a displacement (S500) may be performed.

)를 산정하는 단계(S600)를 포함할 수 있다. 참고로, 마모 깊이(

)는 상술한 [수학식 1]에 의해 산정될 수 있다.9, in the present linear reciprocating friction wear test method, while the step S300 is being performed,

(Step S600). For reference, wear depth (

) Can be calculated by the above-described expression (1).

)을 산정하는 단계(S700)를 포함할 수 있다. 사이클 당 마모 체적(

)은 상술학 [수학식 2]에 의해 산정될 수 있다.9, in the present linear reciprocating friction and wear test method, while the step S300 is being performed, the control unit 99 calculates the wear volume per cycle

(Step S700). Wear volume per cycle (

) Can be calculated by the above-mentioned mathematical formula (2).

)를 산정하는 단계(S800)를 수행할 수 있다. 비마모율 계수(

)는 상술한 [수학식 3]에 의해 산정될 수 있다.9, in the present linear reciprocating friction and wear test method, after the execution of step S300, the controller 99 calculates a non-wear rate coefficient

(Step S800). Non-wear rate coefficient (

) Can be calculated by the above-described expression (3).

The linear reciprocating friction and wear test method may further include a second displacement sensor unit 8 of the present linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus during or after the step S300, 19 in the horizontal direction. The second displacement sensor part 8 can measure the horizontal displacement between the upper specimen 29 and the lower specimen 19.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing description of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes and that those skilled in the art can easily modify the invention without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

1: Lower specimen holder structure
11: Lower specimen holder
111: Lower body fixing base
1111: Plate
1112:
1113: Threaded
112: upper body fixing bar
1121:
1122: Fixing member
1123: Threaded
12: movable table
13: Linear motor
19: Lower specimen
2: Upper specimen holder
21:
211: Third thread
212: first thread
214: Through hole
215:
22: Screw bolt part
221: Second thread
225: Handle
29: Upper specimen
3: Load cell part
4: Rigid arm
41: hole
5: Weights
6: weight weight fixing ring part
61: upper ring
62: Lower ring
7: first displacement sensor unit
8: Second displacement sensor section
9: Fixed block
99:

Claims (24)

A linear reciprocating friction and wear test apparatus,
A lower specimen holder structure for linearly moving the lower specimen horizontally;
An upper specimen holder disposed on the upper side of the lower specimen and having a lower specimen exposed at a lower portion thereof;
A rigid arm which restrains the upper specimen holder so as to impart a degree of freedom to the upward and downward movement and restrict movement in the horizontal direction;
A weight weight for applying a downward load to the upper specimen holder so that the upper specimen holder is moved downward so that the upper specimen contacts the lower specimen;
A control unit for controlling the lower specimen holder structure; And
And a load cell unit for measuring a load acting on the upper specimen by a lower specimen moved in a horizontal direction in a contact state of the upper specimen and the lower specimen,
The controller calculates a friction force between the upper specimen and the lower specimen using the load measured by the load cell unit,
Wherein the rigid arm extends along a linear direction in which the lower specimen moves,
Wherein the load cell unit is provided in the rigid arm so as to measure a load acting in the linear direction,
The lower specimen holder structure may include a lower specimen holder to which the lower specimen is fixed and a movable table that is fixedly disposed and movable in a horizontal direction,
The lower specimen fixing table includes a lower fixture table having a plate fixedly disposed on the movable table and a column portion protruded upward from the plate and having a thread portion formed along the outer periphery thereof and a screw threadably engageable with the thread of the column portion along the inner periphery And an upper body fixed to the upper portion of the upper portion,
Wherein the upper body fixing base is rotatable with respect to the lower body fixing base so that the lower specimen is rotated together and the height of the upper body fixing base relative to the lower body fixing base is adjusted according to the degree of thread engagement between the upper body fixing base and the lower body fixing base, Reciprocating friction wear test equipment. delete The method according to claim 1,
And a first displacement sensor unit provided on the upper specimen holder for measuring a vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder,
Wherein the control unit estimates the wear depth of the lower specimen in cycles by using the upper and lower displacements of the upper specimen holder measured by the first displacement sensor unit. The method of claim 3,
The lower specimen holder structure linearly reciprocates the lower specimen,
Wherein the controller calculates a non-wear rate coefficient based on an average vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder calculated for each round trip cycle of the lower specimen. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rigid arm is fixed with respect to a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, and a hole through which the upper specimen holder is movably mounted in the vertical direction is formed in the vertical direction. The method according to claim 1,
The upper specimen holder
A cylinder portion having a hollow portion through which the upper specimen is perforated in a vertical direction so as to be exposed at a lower portion thereof; And
And a screw bolt portion having a lower end in contact with the upper portion of the upper specimen and disposed in the hollow portion to fix the position of the upper specimen. The method according to claim 6,
A first thread is formed on the inner periphery of the hollow portion,
Wherein at least a part of an outer circumference of the screw bolt portion is formed with a second screw thread engaging with the first screw thread. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein a third thread is screw-engaged with the thread of the weight weight fixing ring part so that the weight weight fixing ring part for mounting the weight weight along the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder part can be arranged at the upper end of the cylinder part, tester. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the weight weight fixing ring portion includes an upper fixing ring and a lower fixing ring each screwed to the third thread,
And the upper retaining ring and the lower retaining ring are threadedly engaged with the third threaded portion with the weight being interposed therebetween. delete The method according to claim 1,
And a fixed block for fixing said rigid arm. delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the movable table is linearly movable by a linear motor. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The upper-
A circumferential portion surrounding and surrounding the lower specimen disposition space portion in which the lower specimen is disposed; And
And a plurality of fixing members arranged to be spaced apart from each other around the circumference of the circumference and disposed to penetrate the circumference to fix the lower specimen to the circumference,
Wherein the fixing member is screwed to the circumferential portion so as to adjust the amount of protrusion of the circumferential portion to the inside. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a second displacement sensor section for measuring a horizontal displacement between the upper specimen and the lower specimen. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the lower specimen is a specimen in the form of a flat plate, and the upper specimen is a specimen in the form of a ball or a pin. delete A linear reciprocating friction wear test method using a linear reciprocating friction wear test apparatus according to claim 1,
(a) mounting the lower specimen on the lower specimen holder structure and mounting the upper specimen on the upper specimen holder;
(b) moving the upper specimen holder in a downward direction by mounting the weight to the upper specimen holder such that the upper specimen holder is moved downward so that the lower specimen contacts the upper specimen; And
(c) linearly moving the lower specimen by the lower specimen holder structure under the control of the control unit. 21. The method of claim 20,
During the step (c) or after the step (c)
(d) calculating the frictional force between the upper specimen and the lower specimen using the load measured by the load cell portion of the linear reciprocating friction and abrasion tester,
Wherein the load cell portion measures the load acting on the upper specimen by the lower specimen moving in the horizontal direction in the contact state of the upper specimen and the lower specimen. 21. The method of claim 20,
While the step (c) is being performed,
(e) calculating the wear depth of the lower specimen on a cycle-by-cycle basis using the up-down displacement of the upper specimen holder measured by the first displacement sensor part of the linear reciprocating friction wear testing device,
Wherein the first displacement sensor unit is provided on the upper specimen holder to measure the vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder. 23. The method of claim 22,
In the step (c), the lower specimen holder structure linearly reciprocates the lower specimen under the control of the control unit,
While the step (c) is being performed,
(f) calculating the non-wear rate coefficient based on the average vertical displacement of the upper specimen holder calculated per reciprocating cycle of the lower specimen. 21. The method of claim 20,
During the step (c) or after the step (c)
(f) measuring a horizontal displacement between the upper specimen and the lower specimen, wherein the second displacement sensor portion of the linear reciprocating friction and wear testing apparatus further comprises:
And the second displacement sensor part measures a horizontal displacement between the upper specimen and the lower specimen.

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