KR101833213B1 - Low Energy Type Filtration Apparatus and Operation Method Thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low energy type filtration apparatus and an operation method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to the filtration apparatus and the operation method thereof, wherein the filtration apparatus comprises a filtration apparatus main body unit which has a predetermined shaped hollow cross-section and the height, and includes a filtered water discharge pipe formed in a predetermined position of a wall surface; a first inclined plate which is located at a predetermined height within the filtration apparatus main body unit, which has a first main pipeline connecting hole, having a first main pipeline for providing a moving passage of raw water for filtration or backwashing wastewater connected thereto, formed in a central portion thereof, and which has a narrow top and wide bottom structure having a first penetration pipe connecting hole formed in an outer side of the first main pipeline connecting hole; a second inclined plate which has a narrow top and wide bottom structure having a second penetration pipe connecting hole formed therein, and which is located to be separated in a predetermined distance from the bottom of the first inclined plate; a filter medium layer which is located to be separated from the bottom of the second inclined plate in a predetermined distance; a water collecting space which is located under the filter medium layer; and one or more penetration pipes which are formed to connect the first penetration pipe connecting hole and the second penetration pipe connecting hole, and are vertically extended to penetrate the filter medium layer. The filtration apparatus and the operation method of the filtration apparatus according to the present invention have an advantage that the filtration apparatus can be operated with low energy since a separate power is not required by inducing filtered water to a lower portion of the filter medium layer by using a differential head during backwashing of the filter medium layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a low energy type filtration apparatus and an operation method thereof,

An object of the present invention is to provide a low-energy-type filtration apparatus and a method of operating the same, and more particularly, to a low-energy-type filtration apparatus and a method of operating the same, capable of effectively filtering and washing while minimizing energy required for operation of the filtration apparatus .

According to the United Nations World Water Development Report, about 2.7 billion people, or 40 percent of the world's population, will face water shortages in 2025, and about 20 percent of the world's nations are expected to experience serious water shortages. This is because supply is limited, but demand continues to increase due to population growth and income levels.

The water supplied to the drinking water is subjected to a process of cleaning the river water, lake water and seawater. The river water and the lake water are generally subjected to coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, adsorption, oxidation, I have removed.

On the other hand, the filtration process is a process for separating various particulate contaminants contained in raw water, and these particulate matter must be completely removed in the filtration process. If a large amount of particulate matter is contained, the space between the adsorbents or the dissolved contaminants to be adsorbed are not sufficiently adsorbed, which causes operational problems and deteriorates the treated water quality.

In general filtration process, a filtration tank filled with a filter medium such as a sand layer and a gravel layer is used. Filtration is performed by a downflow method in which raw water is injected into the upper part of the sand layer, and the gravel layer and the sand layer are supplied in the order of periodic or non- And a backwash process for removing the particulate matter accumulated in the backwashing process.

However, in the case of removing the particulate matter by supplying the raw water to the upper part of the sand bed, the raw water often is supplied only as a part of the surface of the sand layer. Moreover, in the backwashing step, Therefore, most of them depend on a high-pressure pump.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a filtration device capable of securing a stable water quality and operating economically.

Korean Registered Utility Model No. 0388784

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration apparatus which can operate economically with less energy consumption during a filtration process and a backwashing process of a filter medium and a method of operating the same.

The present invention also provides a filtration apparatus and a method of operating the filtration apparatus which can maximize the amount of permeate per unit volume of the filtration apparatus by lengthening the backwashing period of the filter medium layer.

In order to solve the above problems, a filtration apparatus of the present invention comprises a filtration device main body part having a hollow section having a predetermined shape and a height and having a filtration water discharge pipe at a predetermined position on a wall surface, And a first main pipe connection hole connected to a first main pipe for providing a raw water for filtration or backwashing wastewater at a central portion thereof and a first pipe connection hole formed outside the connection pipe to the first main pipe A second inclined plate disposed at a predetermined distance apart from the first inclined plate having a vertically lowering light structure in which the second through-hole is formed, and a first inclined plate having a vertically lowering light structure, A water collecting space located below the filter material layer, and a pipe connecting pipe connecting the first pipe connecting pipe and the pipe connecting pipe second connecting hole, In that it comprises the one or more tubes extending in a vertical clearance to pass through the layer gwajae characterized.

In the filtration apparatus of the present invention, a nozzle unit connected to a second main pipe for spraying air or backwash water may be further provided between the second swash plate and the filter medium layer during backwashing of the filter medium layer.

Further, in the filtration apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that, when backwashing the filter material layer, a pressing member is further provided on the first inclined plate for pressurizing the backwash water.

Here, the pressure member is made of a material capable of expanding and contracting with a predetermined size, and includes a pressing member fixing portion located above the pressing member for fixing the pressing member to the filtration device body portion, And a fluid supply pipe for supplying a fluid to the pressure member, wherein the fluid for the filtration introduced into the first main pipe is supplied to the pressurizing member moving unit, It is further preferable that a plurality of water holes are formed on the surface of the second inclined plate so that the sectional area increases from the central portion to the outer portion so as to be uniformly supplied to the surface of the filter material layer.

In addition, the filtration apparatus of the present invention may further include a water level sensor for determining whether the pressure member expands on the first inclined plate.

The filtration apparatus of the present invention further includes a first auxiliary conduit for discharging the backwashing wastewater of the filter medium layer to the outside at a predetermined position of the first main conduit and a second auxiliary conduit communicating with the second main conduit And the filter material layer may be filled with a filter material having a multi-layered structure with a small diameter.

An operation S-1 for supplying the raw water for filtration to the first main pipe for a predetermined time to perform a filtration process, an S-2 step of stopping the supply of the raw water for filtration, Washing the filter medium with filtration water, discharging the generated backwashing wastewater, and repeating the steps S-1 to S-3.

The step S-3 may include the steps of measuring the level of the upper portion of the first inclined plate by the level sensor and supplying the fluid to the fluid supply line to expand the pressing member when the measured level is lower than a predetermined level Further comprising the step of opening the fluid discharge line to retract the pressing member in step S-1 in which the raw water for filtration is supplied to the first main pipe for a predetermined period of time.

According to the filtration apparatus and the operation method of the present invention, since the filtration water is guided to the lower portion of the filtration material layer using the head difference in the backwashing of the filtration material layer, it is possible to operate the filtration apparatus with low energy without requiring any additional power There is an advantage.

Further, since an upper portion of the main body of the filtration apparatus of the present invention is provided with a pressure member capable of pressing filtered water, sufficient pressure necessary for backwashing the filter medium layer can be applied even when the head difference of the filtered water is small, have.

In addition, the filtration apparatus of the present invention includes the second swash plate in which a plurality of water supply holes are formed, the swash plate structure having a vertically downward light structure and increasing in cross-sectional area from the central portion to the outer periphery. Thus, it is possible to uniformly supply the raw water for filtration, Therefore, there is an advantage that the backwashing period of the filter material layer can be kept long.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a low-energy filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration apparatus shown in FIG. 1, illustrating a process of filtering raw water for filtration.
3 is an enlarged perspective view of the second swash plate.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration apparatus shown in FIG. 1, illustrating a process of backwashing a filter material layer using backwash water.
5 is an enlarged sectional view of the pressing member.
6 is a flowchart of an operation method using the filtration apparatus of the present invention.

The use of the terms "comprises", "having", or "having" in this application is intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, components, parts, or combinations thereof, But do not preclude the presence or addition of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. Other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

Also, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, a low-energy filtration apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same constituent elements in the drawings and redundant explanations for the same constituent elements are omitted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a low-energy filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and is a view for explaining a process of filtering raw water for filtration, And FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration apparatus shown in FIG. 1, illustrating the process of backwashing the filter material layer using backwash water.

The low energy type filtration apparatus according to the present invention includes a filtration apparatus body 100, a first swash plate 110, a second swash plate 120, a nozzle unit 130, A filter medium layer 140, a collecting space 150, a pressing member 160, a pipe tube 170, and the like.

The filter body 100 has a predetermined shape such as a circular or polygonal cross section and includes a first inclined plate 110, a second inclined plate 120, a nozzle unit 130, a filter material layer 140, 150, the pressing member 160, the pipe tube 170, and the like. Here, the material of the filtration apparatus main body 100 is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of a metal having corrosion resistance and durability.

A first inclined plate 110 is provided at a predetermined height in the main body 100 of the filtration apparatus 100 and the first inclined plate 110 serves as a passage through which raw water for filtration or backwashing wastewater flows.

A first main pipe connection hole 111 is formed at a central portion of the first swash plate 110 and at least one pipe first connection hole 111 is formed outside the first main pipe connection hole 111 112 are provided. A first main conduit 180 is connected to the first main conduit connection hole 111 to supply raw water for filtration or to discharge the contaminant particle layer 141 accumulated in the filter medium layer 140. Also, a pipe tube 170 to be described later is mounted on the at least one pipe first connection hole 112.

When the first swash plate 110 is viewed from the front, it is preferable that the upper swash plate 110 is narrow and the lower swash plate 110 has a wide swash plate structure. This is for easily collecting the backwashing wastewater generated during backwashing of the filter medium layer 140.

Below the first swash plate 110, a second swash plate 120 for uniformly supplying raw water for filtration to the surface of the filter medium layer 140 is provided.

3, the second inclined plate 120 is a downwardly projecting light structure similar to the first inclined plate 110, and includes at least one through-hole second A connection hole 122 and a plurality of water supply holes 121 are formed.

Particularly, in the plurality of water supply holes 121, the cross-sectional area of the center of the water supply hole 121 formed at an upper portion having a relatively small cross-sectional area is small, and the sectional area of the water supply hole 121 gradually increases toward the bottom, .

In the filtration process using the filter material, particulate matter is mainly removed from the surface of the filter material, and therefore, it is very important to uniformly supply the raw water to the surface of the filter material in order to increase the filtration time or improve the filtration efficiency of the particulate matter. In the present invention, there is provided a second swash plate 120 having a plurality of water supply holes 121 having a cross-sectional shape increasing from the central portion to the outer side as described above, It is possible to supply the raw water in a very uniform manner. That is, the raw water for filtration supplied to the vicinity of the center of the second swash plate 120 passes only partly through the water supply hole 121 having a relatively small sectional area, while the remainder passes through the water supply hole 121 while flowing along the swash plate 120 This has the advantage that all surfaces of the filter media layer 140 can be utilized.

Below the second swash plate 120, a filter medium layer 140 is filled. The filter material layer 140 is for removing coarse particles and fine particles contained in raw water for filtration and may be filled with a filter material having a smaller diameter as it goes down. For example, the filter medium may be at least one of gravel, sand, anthracite, and activated carbon, but is not limited thereto.

Below the filter material layer 140, a collecting space 150 having a predetermined space is provided. The collected water is collected in the water collecting space 150 and passes through the filter material layer 140 to collect clean filtered water having particulate matter removed. The collected water flows to the upper part of the first swash plate 110 via a pipe 170, And then discharged to the outside.

A nozzle unit 130 may be further disposed between the second swash plate 120 and the filter medium layer 140. When the raw water for filtration is passed through the filter medium layer 140, the particulate matter contained in the raw water for filtration is removed from the filter medium layer 140, but the particulate matter removed from the filter medium layer 140 closes the gap of the filter medium, The dragon's water does not pass through the filter medium layer 140 well. Therefore, it is common to perform a backwashing process of periodically or non-periodically washing the filter material layer 140 after supplying a predetermined amount of the raw water for filtration. At this time, the filtered water is supplied in a direction opposite to the feeding direction of the raw water for filtration The particles blocking the air gap between the contaminant particle layer 141 and the filter material accumulated on the surface of the filter material layer 140 are separated to recover the filtration performance.

However, when the amount of the contaminant particle layer 141 accumulated on the filter material layer 140 is too large, the backwash water supplied to the lower portion of the filter material layer 140 can not pass therethrough, and therefore, the backwash efficiency is reduced. The present invention further includes a nozzle unit 130 capable of jetting air or water onto the filter material layer 140 so that the pollutant particle layer 141 can be easily broken and dispersed, There is an advantage that backwashing can be performed very efficiently.

A second main conduit 190 is connected to one side of the nozzle unit 130 and a second auxiliary conduit 182 is connected to the first main conduit 180 in the second main conduit 190, 3 valve 191 is provided. Therefore, when only air is supplied to the nozzle unit 130, the second auxiliary conduit 182 is closed and the compressed air fed from the compressor (not shown) is supplied. When the backwash water is supplied, the second auxiliary conduit 182 ), It is possible to select air or backwash water.

The filtration apparatus of the present invention further includes one or more pipe tubes 170 vertically extending through the first swash plate 110, the second swash plate 120, and the filter medium layer 140 in order.

Specifically, after the pipe tube 170 passes through the pipe connecting pipe first connecting hole 112 of the first swash plate 110 and the pipe connecting pipe second connecting pipe 122 of the second swash plate 120, Lt; / RTI > layer 140 as shown in FIG. Here, the pipe tube 170 may be a cylindrical or quadrangular column having an open top and a closed side and a closed side, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The filtered water in the collecting space 150 located below the filter media layer 140 moves to the upper side of the first inclined plate 110 or the filtered water in the upper side of the first inclined plate 110 moves to the collecting space 150 The raw water for filtration and the backwashing wastewater which are supplied between the first swash plate 110 and the second swash plate 120 or between the second swash plate 120 and the filter medium layer 140 flow into the pipe Can not be.

The filtration apparatus of the present invention further includes a pressure member 160 on the first swash plate 110 so as to improve backwash effect of the filter medium layer 140 and enable operation of the filtration apparatus with low energy.

5, the pressure member 160 is located above the inside of the filtration apparatus body 100, and has elasticity such as rubber that can expand and contract with a predetermined size, It is made of material.

A pressing member fixing portion 163 fixed to the main body 100 of the filtration device at one side is provided at the upper portion of the pressing member 160 and a pressing member moving portion 164 is further provided below the pressing member 160 . The pressing member fixing portion 163 supports the pressing member 160 to be fixed at a predetermined position of the filtration apparatus body portion 100 and the pressing member moving portion 164 is configured to restrict the contraction and expansion of the pressing member 160 And is fixed only to the pressing member 160 so as to be freely permitted.

The pressing member moving part 164 is preferably in close contact with the inner wall surface of the filtering device body 100 so as to press the filtered water above the second swash plate 120 downward. And more preferably made of a rubber or a silicon material.

A fluid supply pipe path 161 and a fluid discharge pipe path 162 are connected to one side of the pressure member 160 for expanding and contracting the pressure member 160 and a water level sensor 101 . That is, when the filter medium layer 140 is backwashed, the level sensor 101 continuously measures the level of the upper portion of the first swash plate 110, and when the level is lowered to a predetermined level or lower, So that the pressing member 160 is inflated. On the contrary, when the backwashing of the filter media layer 140 is completed, the fluid supply pipe path 161 is closed and the outflow pipe path 162 is opened to induce the pressure member 160 to naturally shrink.

A first main pipe 180 is connected to the first main pipe connection hole 111 of the first swash plate 110 to supply the raw water for filtration or to discharge the backwashing wastewater to the outside, (180) are provided with first and second auxiliary conduits (181, 182).

Reference numeral 103 denotes a filtered water discharge pipe which is provided at a predetermined height of the main body 100 of the filtration apparatus and penetrates the wall surface. Reference numeral 102 denotes a discharge pipe for discharging the gas.

Hereinafter, an operation method using the above-described filtration apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 4, and 6. FIG. The operation method according to the present invention may further include an S-1 step of supplying the raw water for filtration to the first main pipe 180 for a predetermined time to perform a filtration step, an S-2 step of stopping the supply of the raw water for filtration, Washing the filter material layer 140 with the air and the filtration water, and discharging the backwashing wastewater generated in the step S-3. These steps S-1 to S-3 are repeated.

Specifically, in step S-1, the first valve 183 of the first main conduit 180 is opened and the remaining second valve 184 and the third valve 191 are closed, And fed to the upper surface of the swash plate 120. The filtered water having passed through the filter material layer 140 and having particulate matter removed passes through the collecting space 150 and the pipe tube 170 and then is discharged to the outside through the filtered water discharge pipe 103. Of course, when the pressure member 160 is inflated during backwashing, it is obvious that the pressure member 160 should be contracted by opening the fluid discharge pipe 162 before or after supplying raw water for filtration.

After the raw water for filtration is supplied for a certain period of time, backwashing is required to remove the contaminant particle layer 141 accumulated in the filter medium layer 140, and the supply of the raw water for filtration is stopped (S-2 step).

In step S-3, the first valve 183 of the first main conduit 180 is closed, and the second valve 184 is opened. The third valve 191 selects whether to supply air or backwash water to adjust the opening and closing angle of the valve. If only the air is supplied, the open / close angle of the third valve 191 is adjusted so that the second main pipe 190 and the second auxiliary pipe 182 are not communicated with each other, The opening angle of the third valve 191 is adjusted so that the conduit 190 and the second auxiliary conduit 182 are communicated with each other.

Air or backwash water supplied to the second main pipe 190 is sprayed onto the filter material layer 140 through the nozzle unit 130. At the same time or thereafter, The backwashing wastewater containing the contaminants is introduced into the first main conduit 180 and the first auxiliary conduit 181 through the filter medium 170 and the collecting space 150, .

Here, in the step of moving the filtered water above the first swash plate 110 to the pipe tube 170, the level of the upper portion of the first swash plate 110 is measured by the water level sensor 101, and if the water level is below a predetermined range And when it is lowered, supplying the fluid to the fluid supply conduit 161 to expand the pressure member 160.

As described above, when the pressurizing member 160 is inflated to pressurize the filtered water, sufficient pressure necessary for backwashing the filter media layer 140 can be applied even when the level of the filtered water is low, so that the backwashing efficiency can be improved.

Having thus described a particular portion of the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments and that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the invention, and that such modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

100:
101: water level sensor 102: gas discharge pipe
103: Filtration water discharge pipe
110: first swash plate
111: first main pipe connection hole 112: pipe connection pipe first connection hole
120: 2nd swash plate
121: water supply hole 122: pipe connection pipe second connection hole
130:
140:
141: Contaminant particle layer
150: Collecting space
160: pressing member
161: Fluid supply line 162: Fluid discharge line
163: pressing member fixing portion 164: pressing member moving portion
170:
180: first main pipe
181: first auxiliary conduit 182: second auxiliary conduit
183: first valve 184: second valve
190: second main duct
191: third valve

Claims (9)

A filtration device main body part 100 having a cross section and a height of a predetermined shape in which the inside is hollow and having a filtrate discharge pipe 103 at a predetermined position on the wall surface;
A first main pipe connection hole 111 is formed at a predetermined height inside the main body 100 of the filtration device and a first main pipe 180 is provided at a central portion thereof to provide a raw water for filtration or a passage for backwashing wastewater A first swash plate (110) having a downwardly projecting light structure having a first pipe connecting hole (112) formed outside the first main pipe connecting hole (111);
A second swash plate (120) positioned at a predetermined distance below the first swash plate (110) having a vertically lowering light structure in which a pipe tube second connection hole (122) is formed;
A filter medium layer 140 disposed below the second swash plate 120 and spaced apart from the second swash plate 120 by a predetermined distance;
A collecting space 150 located below the filter material layer 140; And
And one or more pipe tubes (170) vertically extending through the filter media layer (140) to connect the first pipe connection pipe (112) and the pipe connection pipe second connection pipe (122) ,
The pressure member 160 may be formed of a material capable of expanding and contracting and having a predetermined size on the first inclined plate 110 for pressurizing the backwash water when backwashing the filter medium layer 140,
A pressing member fixing portion 163 located above the pressing member 160 for fixing the pressing member 160 to the main body 100 of the filtration apparatus; A pressing member moving part 164 positioned below the pressing member 160 that vertically moves so as to be in close contact with an inner wall surface of the filtration device body part 100; And a fluid supply conduit 161 for supplying fluid to the pressure member 160,
A plurality of water supply holes 121 whose cross-sectional area increases from a center portion to an outer portion of the first main pipe 180 are uniformly supplied to the surface of the filter material layer 140, Characterized in that it is further provided on the surface of the swash plate (120).
The method according to claim 1,
A nozzle unit 130 connected to a second main duct 190 for spraying air or backwash water is disposed between the second swash plate 120 and the filter medium layer 140 in the backwashing of the filter medium layer 140 Wherein the filter is a filter.
delete delete The method according to claim 1,
And a water level sensor (101) for determining whether the pressure member (160) expands is further provided on the first swash plate (110).
3. The method of claim 2,
A first auxiliary conduit 181 for discharging the backwashing wastewater of the filter medium layer 140 to the outside at a predetermined position of the first main conduit 180 and a second auxiliary conduit 182 communicating with the second main conduit 190 Characterized in that a conduit (182) is further provided.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the filter material layer (140) is filled with a filter material having a multi-layered structure with a small diameter.
The operation method using the filtration apparatus according to claim 2 or 6,
S-1 step of feeding the raw water for filtration to the first main conduit 180 for a predetermined period of time to perform the filtration process;
S-2 step of stopping supply of the raw water for filtration;
S-3 step of washing the filter medium layer 140 with air and filtration water, and discharging backwashing wastewater generated; And
And repeating the steps S-1 to S-3.
9. The method of claim 8,
In the step S-3,
Measuring the level of the upper portion of the first swash plate 110 with the level sensor 101; And
Further comprising the step of inflating the pressure member (160) by supplying fluid to the fluid supply pipe line (161) when the measured water level drops below a predetermined range.

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