KR101810085B1 - Controllable Pitch Propeller by Shape Memory Alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a propeller capable of controlling pitch by using shape memory alloy includes: a device for controlling a blade pitch angle; a shape memory alloy wire connected to the blade pitch angle control device; and a heating device for applying heat to the shape memory alloy wire so as to control the blade pitch angle by an operation of interlocking the device for controlling the blade pitch angle according to a change in length of the shape memory alloy wire.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy,

The present invention relates to a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy that provides propulsion of a ship.

Propellers are generally used as propulsion devices for ships. There are propellers that can optimize efficiency by adjusting the pitch angle according to the speed of the ship, or it can act as a braking force in the reverse direction. Such a propeller is called a controllable pitch propeller (CCP).

The Controllable Pitch Propeller is a propeller that can change the pitch angle according to the running speed and so on so that the efficiency of the absorption horsepower can be maintained at the optimal condition. Depending on the variable pitch propeller bearing type, it can be classified into a color bearing type (collar bearing type) and a trunnion bearing type (trunnion bearing type). Double color bearing type can be divided into PUSH PULL ROD TYPE, VALVE ROD TYPE and DOUBLE OIL TUBE TYPE.

The push-pull rod type is developed as an initial structure of a variable pitch propeller. The push-pull rod is reciprocated by a piston arranged at a separate position from the hydraulic device and is formed in a structure in which the pitch angle is adjusted. If the diameter of the propeller is determined according to the design conditions, such a push-pull rod type is directly operated by a mechanical operation, and the piston size and the like are determined according to the required pitch rotation force. The push-pull rod type is limited in its size because the piston is located in a separate part, and the shaft length is also limited by the rigidity and structural characteristics of the push-pull rod, and is usually used in the range of 5,000 to 6,000 kW or less.

In the valve rod type, the servo valve installed inside the hub uses oil pressure to pilot the oil. The valve rod type should have a valve rod of sufficient length from the inside of the hollow shaft to the hydraulic distributor so that the main servo valve can be adjusted directly. Therefore, the shaft length can be influenced and the hydraulic pressure is controlled through the valve rod, so local heat is generated inside the hub, which can affect the accuracy of the pitch angle control.

The oil tube type (double hydraulic pipe type) is a type in which the servo valve is disposed in a hydraulic drive unit (HPU) inside the ship. The double hydraulic pipe is installed inside the hollow shaft and fixed directly to the piston inside the hub. do. Since the double hydraulic pipe is divided into the oil passages, the temperature rise of the operating oil generated during the operation is cooled through the heat pipe of the oil tube.

The propeller blade pitch controller of the conventional variable pitch propeller is composed of a propeller shaft connected to the propeller from the engine, an oil distributor box which is installed in the middle of the propeller shaft to generate the hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic propeller driven by the oil pressure generated from the oil distributor box A servo cylinder, a control shaft operated in conjunction with the servo cylinder and installed to penetrate the center of the propeller shaft system, and a control block interlocked with the control shaft to change the angle of the propeller blade.

However, in the case of the conventional variable pitch propeller, since the hydraulic pump mechanism is used, the structure is complicated and the size of the shaft of the propeller is increased. As a result, the effective area for generating the thrust is reduced.

As an example, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1302987 discloses a "variable pitch propeller drive system ".

In order to solve the above-described problems, an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy that controls pitch angles of blades using the characteristics of a shape memory alloy whose length is reduced when heat is applied at a specific temperature or more. ≪ / RTI >

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy, including: a blade pitch angle control device; A shape memory alloy wire connected to the blade pitch angle control device; And a heating device for applying heat to the shape memory alloy wire to control the blade pitch angle by interlocking operation of the blade pitch angle control device according to a change in length of the shape memory alloy wire; . ≪ / RTI >

In addition, the heating device includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to the shape memory alloy wire, and can heat the shape memory alloy wire through an electric current.

Further, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the heating device may be connected to a specific section of the shape memory alloy wire.

In addition, the shape memory alloy wire may be divided into a plurality of heating sections, and the positive and negative electrodes of the heating device may be connected to each heating section for each heating section so that current can be separately applied to each heating section.

In addition, an insulator may be provided at a boundary between the respective heating sections.

In addition, the blade pitch angle control apparatus includes a main body having a plurality of receiving portions along an outer periphery thereof, a plurality of receiving portions radially provided to communicate with the inner portion, and a working space in an inner longitudinal direction thereof; A blade ring rotatably coupled to the receiving portion of the main body; And a core coupled to the operating space and rotating the blade ring in a linear motion, the one end of the core being connected to the main body by an elastic member and the other end being connected to one end of the shape memory alloy wire; . ≪ / RTI >

In addition, an eccentric shaft is provided at a position deviated from the center on one side of the blade ring facing the main body. The core includes an operating portion at a portion corresponding to the plurality of accommodating portions, and the operating portion has a plurality of And a guide groove to which the eccentric shaft of the blade ring is coupled is provided on the surface, and one end of the guide groove may be clogged and the other end thereof may have an open structure.

Further, a blade may be coupled to the other surface of the blade ring facing the blade.

Further, the elastic member may be a spring.

According to the propeller capable of pitch control by the shape memory alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention, the pitch angle of the blade can be controlled by utilizing the characteristics of the shape memory alloy whose length is reduced when heat is applied at a specific temperature or more.

In addition, the shape memory alloy wire can provide a variable pitch propeller which can generate a large force even with a small cross sectional area and has a simple structure, and thus has a small efficiency loss without increasing the size of the shaft.

1 is an overall configuration diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a state where a current is applied to a shape memory alloy wire according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing the operation of the blade ring when a current is applied to the shape memory alloy wire according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a state in which current is removed from a shape memory alloy wire according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing the operation of the blade ring during current removal in a shape memory alloy wire according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a view showing a control system in which a shape memory alloy wire according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is divided into a plurality of heating sections.
7 is a graph showing a calculation formula of electric power used for driving according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and a strain rate of a shape memory alloy wire according to a temperature change.
8 is a perspective view of a blade pitch angle control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
9 is an exploded perspective view of a blade pitch angle control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
10 is an enlarged view of a main part of a blade pitch angle control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a view illustrating a state where a core is coupled into a blade pitch angle control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
12 is an enlarged view of a main body according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
13 is an enlarged view of a core, a blade ring, and a blade according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components throughout the drawings. In addition, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but it is needless to say that the technical idea of the present invention is not limited thereto and can be variously modified by those skilled in the art.

First, the configuration of a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The propeller capable of controlling the pitch by the shape memory alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the length of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is changed when the heat is applied to the shape memory alloy wire 20 and the blade pitch angle control By pulling the device 10, the blade pitch angle can be adjusted.

As shown in FIG. 1, a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a blade pitch angle control device 10, a shape memory alloy wire 10 connected to the blade pitch angle control device 10, (20) and a heating device (30) for applying heat to the shape memory alloy wire (20).

Specifically, one end of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is connected to the blade pitch angle control device 10. The other end of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is a fixed end fixed to the object to be fixed. The shape memory alloy wire 20 is made of a shape memory alloy whose length changes when heat is applied. The shape memory alloy generally comprises a nickel-titanium alloy or a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy. The shape memory alloy sharply decreases at 85 to 150 ° C and is restored to its original shape at room temperature. The memory effect of the shape memory alloy is known to be about 7,000 times or more.

When heat is applied to the shape memory alloy wire 20 at a specific temperature or higher, the length is shrunk, and when heat is removed, the length of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is restored to its original state.

The shape memory alloy wire (20) is connected to the heating device (30). The heating device 30 includes a positive electrode 31 and a negative electrode 32. The positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32 are connected to each other in a specific section of the shape memory alloy wire 20. [ It is possible to apply heat to the shape memory alloy wire 20 by flowing a current to the anode 31 and the cathode 32 connected to the shape memory alloy wire 20. [

The length control of the shape memory alloy wire 20 can be determined according to the distance between the anode 31 and the cathode 32. [ The distance between the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32 is set to 200 mm as shown in 1 and the distance between the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32 is set to 250 mm as shown in 2, (32) can be set to 300 mm as shown by (3). The greater the distance between the anode 31 and the cathode 32, the greater the deformation of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is.

The shape memory alloy wire 20 may be divided into a plurality of heating sections 300 and controlled separately as shown in FIG. Specifically, the shape memory alloy wire 20 is divided into a plurality of heating sections 300. An insulator 40 is provided at the boundary of each divided heating section 300. The anode 31 and the cathode 32 are connected to each divided heating section 300. Since the anode 31 and the cathode 32 are individually connected to each heating section 300, the length of each heating section 300 can be individually controlled.

7, the driving power of the blade pitch angle control device can be known, and by changing the length of the shape memory alloy wire and the applied voltage through the strain graph of the shape memory alloy wire according to the calculation and the temperature change, Can be controlled.

8 and 9, the blade pitch angle control apparatus 10 includes a main body 21 in which a core 23 is mounted, a blade 21 rotatably coupled to a receiving portion 211 of the main body 21, And a core 23 coupled to the ring 22 and the body 21 and connected to the shape memory alloy wire 20.

As shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12, the main body 21 may have a structure in which it is separated in half. A plurality of receiving portions 211 are provided along the outer surface of the main body 21. [ The plurality of receiving portions 211 may be radially formed. For example, the plurality of accommodating portions 211 may be formed in four directions of up, down, left, and right so as to correspond to the direction of the blade 50. The receiving portion 211 communicates with the inside of the main body 21. The blade ring 22 is coupled to the receiving portion 211. The receiving portion 211 is formed in a shape conforming to the blade ring 22. An operating space 212 is provided in the longitudinal direction of the main body 21. [

The blade 50 is connected to the main body 21 by a blade ring 22. The blade ring 22 is rotatably coupled to the receiving portion 211 of the main body 21. The blade ring 22 is formed in a disc shape. The blade ring 22 may be a disc structure in which the upper layer forms a multi-tiered layer in the form of a narrower width than the lower layer. An eccentric shaft 221 is provided on the bottom surface of the blade ring 22 facing the main body 21. The eccentric shaft 221 protrudes toward the inside of the main body 21. The eccentric shaft 221 is provided at a position deviated from the center of the blade ring 22. The eccentric shaft 221 is positioned in the guide groove 232 of the core 23 when the blade ring 22 is coupled to the receiving portion 211. The eccentric shaft 221 moves along the guide groove 232.

The core (23) is coupled to the working space (212) of the main body (21). The core 23 controls the pitch angle of the blade 50 by rotating the blade ring 22 while linearly moving in the engaged state in the working space 212. One end of the core (23) is connected to the main body (21) by an elastic member (24). The elastic member 24 may be a spring. The other end of the core 23 is connected to the shape memory alloy wire 20.

The core 23 includes an operating portion 230. The operating portion 230 is provided at a portion of the core 23 corresponding to the accommodating portion 211. The operating portion 230 is composed of a plurality of surfaces 231 facing the plurality of accommodating portions 211. The surface 231 of the operating portion 230 should be designed in a number corresponding to the accommodating portion 211. A guide groove 232 to which the eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 is coupled is provided on the surface 231 of the operation part 230. One end of the guide groove 232 is closed and the other end is open. The eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 moves along the guide groove 232 in a state of being fitted in the guide groove 232. When heat is applied to the shape memory alloy wire 20, the length of the shaped gear alloy wire 20 is reduced and the core 23 is pulled. The other end of the core 23 should be exposed to the outside of the body 21 for connection with the shaped gear alloy wire 20.

The blade 50 is coupled to the upper surface of the blade ring 22 facing the blade 50 as shown in Fig. The blade ring 22 and the blade 50 may be combined in various ways. For example, the manner in which the blade ring 22 and the blade 50 are coupled may be a coupling type in which a projection is fitted in the groove.

Next, a blade pitch angle control process of a propeller capable of pitch control by a shape memory alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Current is applied to the anode 31 and the cathode 32 to apply heat to the shape memory alloy wire 20 as shown in Figs. The length of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is reduced as heat is applied to the region between the anode 31 and the cathode 32 of the shape memory alloy wire 20.

As the length of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is reduced, the core 23 is pulled toward the shape memory alloy wire 20. When the core 23 is pulled toward the shape memory alloy wire 20, the blade ring 22 rotates, and the pitch angle of the blade 50 changes.

Concretely, while the core 23 performs linear motion, the eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 coupled to the guide groove 232 is pulled toward the shape memory alloy wire 20. So that the blade ring 22 rotates inside the accommodating portion 211. The blade 50 connected to the blade ring 22 also rotates together with the blade ring 22. The eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 moves toward the other end side of the guide groove 232 when the core 23 linearly moves. At this time, the elastic member 24 is stretched by a distance that the core 23 is moved toward the shape memory alloy wire 20.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the current flows through the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32, the length of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is increased. The length of the shape memory alloy wire 20 is restored to its original state and at the same time the elastic member 24 pulls the core 23 toward the main body 21 while being reduced to the original shape by the restoring force. The core 23 is pulled toward the main body 21 and the blade ring 22 rotates so that the pitch angle of the blade 50 becomes the initial state.

Concretely, as the core 23 linearly moves, the blade ring 22 pulls the eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 coupled to the guide groove 232 in the direction of the main body 21, ) Around the central axis. So that the blade 50 connected to the blade ring 22 also rotates together with the blade ring 22. The eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 moves toward one end of the closure of the guide groove 232 when the core 23 linearly moves and returns to the initial position.

As described above, the propeller capable of pitch control by the shape memory alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention can control the pitch angle of the blade using the characteristics of the shape memory alloy whose length is reduced when heat is applied at a specific temperature or more . In addition, the shape memory alloy wire can provide a variable pitch propeller which can generate a large force even with a small cross sectional area and has a simple structure, and thus has a small efficiency loss without increasing the size of the shaft.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, changes, and substitutions are possible, without departing from the essential characteristics and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. will be. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate and not to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments and the accompanying drawings . The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: blade pitch angle control device
20: Shape memory alloy wire
21:
22: Blade ring
23: Core
24: elastic member
30: Heating device
31: anode
32: cathode
40: Insulator
50: blade
211:
212: working space
221: Eccentric shaft
230:
231: Cotton
232: Guide groove
300: heating section

Claims (9)

A blade pitch angle control device (10);
A shape memory alloy wire 20 connected to the blade pitch angle control device 10; And
A heating device 30 for applying heat to the shape memory alloy wire 20 to control the blade pitch angle by interlocking operation of the blade pitch angle control device 10 according to a change in length of the shape memory alloy wire 20;
/ RTI >
The blade pitch angle control apparatus (10)
A main body 21 having a plurality of receiving portions 211 along the outer circumference and radially provided to communicate with the plurality of receiving portions 211 and having an operating space 212 in an inner longitudinal direction;
A blade ring (22) rotatably coupled to the receiving portion (211) of the main body (21); And
And the other end of the blade ring 22 is connected to the body 21 by an elastic member 24 and the other end of the blade ring 22 is connected to the shape memory alloy wire A core (23) connected to one end of the base (20);
Wherein the pitch control is performed by the shape memory alloy.
The method according to claim 1,
The heating device (30)
Characterized in that the shape memory alloy wire (20) includes an anode (31) and a cathode (32) connected to the shape memory alloy wire (20) Possible propellers.
delete The method of claim 2,
The shape memory alloy wire 20 is divided into a plurality of heating sections 300 and the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32 of the heating device 30 are connected to each heating section 300 for each heating section 300, And a current is individually applied to each of the plurality of piezoelectric elements so that individual control is possible.
The method of claim 4,
At the boundary of each heating section 300,
Characterized in that an insulator (40) is provided.
delete The method according to claim 1,
An eccentric shaft 221 is provided on a surface of the blade ring 22 facing the main body 21 at a position deviated from the center,
The core 23 is provided with an operating portion 230 at a portion corresponding to the plurality of accommodating portions 211 and a plurality of surfaces 231 facing the plurality of accommodating portions 211 are formed in the operating portion 230 And a guide groove 232 in which the eccentric shaft 221 of the blade ring 22 is engaged is provided on the surface 231. One end of the guide groove 232 is closed and the other end is open. Propeller capable of pitch control by shape memory alloy.
The method according to claim 1,
On the other surface of the blade ring 22 facing the blade 50,
Wherein the blade (50) is coupled to the propeller.
The method according to claim 1,
The elastic member (24)
Wherein the pitch control is performed by the shape memory alloy.

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