KR101807094B1 - System and method for measuring optical gas image - Google Patents
System and method for measuring optical gas image Download PDFInfo
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- KR101807094B1 KR101807094B1 KR1020160014400A KR20160014400A KR101807094B1 KR 101807094 B1 KR101807094 B1 KR 101807094B1 KR 1020160014400 A KR1020160014400 A KR 1020160014400A KR 20160014400 A KR20160014400 A KR 20160014400A KR 101807094 B1 KR101807094 B1 KR 101807094B1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/38—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
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- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10048—Infrared image
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a gas image measurement system and method. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a gas image measurement system for gas leak detection in a pipe, comprising: a heat pipe based isothermal plate disposed in the background of a pipe through which the gas moves; An infrared radiation detector disposed opposite to the heat pipe-based isothermal plate with the pipe interposed therebetween for sensing an infrared ray radiated from a gas leaked at a predetermined point of the pipe; And a data processing device for processing the signal detected by the infrared radiation sensor to obtain quantitative data on the gas to be leaked.
Description
The present invention relates to a gas image measurement system and method, and more particularly, to a gas image measurement system and method capable of quantitative measurement of gas flowing out of a pipe.
Generally, an industrial plant is provided with a plurality of piping through which gas flows.
When the production process is carried out for a long time, gas leakage frequently occurs due to breakage of piping, etc., and it is necessary to identify and repair the gas leakage point.
Conventional gas leaks are mainly made up of gas detectors. However, since the scale of the plant is very large, it is difficult to install the gas detectors in all the areas of the plant.
On the other hand, the gas leak can be measured using an infrared radiation detector.
However, even if the infrared radiation detector is used, there is a problem that the gas leakage can not be accurately detected when the temperature difference between the leaked gas and the background is not large.
Furthermore, when an infrared radiation detector is used, only quantitative data on gas leakage can be obtained, and quantitative data such as the size of the gas leakage hole and the mass flow rate of the leaked gas can not be obtained.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a gas image measurement system and method which can accurately determine gas leakage and can acquire quantitative data at the time of gas leakage.
To achieve the above object, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a gas image measurement system for gas leakage detection in a pipe, comprising: a heat pipe based isothermal plate disposed in the background of a pipe through which gas is moved; An infrared radiation detector disposed opposite to the heat pipe-based isothermal plate with the pipe interposed therebetween for sensing an infrared ray radiated from a gas leaked at a predetermined point of the pipe; And a data processing device for processing the signal detected by the infrared radiation sensor to obtain quantitative data on the gas to be leaked.
The heat pipe-based isothermal flat plate includes a container, a heat pipe having a vaporizing portion to which heat is applied, a heat insulating portion to which the working fluid vaporized by the heat moves, and a condensing portion; And a metal plate coupled to the heat pipe and facing the pipe.
The working fluid may be one of helium, ammonia, acetone, water, naphthalene, sodium, Fluorinert Electronic Liquid, pentane.
If the temperature of the heat pipe isothermal plate is in the range of 1 占 폚 to 35 占 폚, the container may be made of aluminum or stainless steel, and the working fluid may be acetone.
When the heat pipe isothermal plate temperature is 35 ° C or higher, the container may be made of copper, and the working fluid may be water.
The quantitative data may include the mass flow rate of the leaking gas and the hole size of the broken pipe.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of detecting gas leakage in a piping, the method comprising: disposing a heat pipe based isothermal plate on the background of piping through which the gas moves; Supplying a working fluid to the heat pipe to maintain the heat pipe based isothermal plate at a predetermined temperature; Detecting an infrared signal emitted by a gas leaked from the pipe using an infrared radiation detector; And processing the detected infrared signal to obtain quantitative data on the gas to be leaked.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas image measurement device for gas leakage detection in a piping using a heat pipe based isothermal plate disposed in the background of piping through which the gas moves, comprising: a processor; And a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory pre-processes the infrared signal detected by the infrared radiation sensor, the infrared radiation sensor is disposed opposite the heat pipe iso-flat plate across the pipe, A gas image measurement device may be provided that stores program instructions executable by the processor to dimensionally reduce the signal and obtain quantitative data on the gas leaked using the dimensionally reduced information.
According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately obtain a leaked gas image using a heat pipe-based isothermal plate and to obtain quantitative data on the leaked gas.
1 is a view showing a configuration of a gas image measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a configuration of a heat pipe according to the present embodiment.
3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating a quantitative data acquisition process in the data processing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail.
It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing.
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 is a view showing a configuration of a gas image measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
1, the testing apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a
The
The
According to the present embodiment, in order to accurately detect the gas leakage in the case where a part of the
More specifically, the heat pipe based
2 is a view showing a configuration of a heat pipe according to the present embodiment.
2, the heat pipe includes an ISOBAR
When heat is applied to the
The working fluid according to this embodiment can be one of helium, ammonia, acetone, water, naphthalene, sodium, Fluorinert Electronic Liquid, pentane.
When the gas moving along the
According to this embodiment, a metal plate of a predetermined shape (for example, a rectangular shape) is attached to the heat pipe.
The evaporation and condensation of the working fluid in the above-mentioned heat pipe maintains the isothermal temperature of the metal plate.
At this time, the emissivity can be adjusted by adjusting the surface roughness of the heat pipe, and the surface of the heat pipe can be used as a black body after radiation painting.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the container material of the heat pipe and the internal working fluid may vary depending on the temperature range of the heat pipe isothermal plate.
Preferably, if the heat pipe isothermal plate temperature is between 1 DEG C and 35 DEG C, the container of the heat pipe may be aluminum or stainless steel, and the internal working fluid may be acetone.
Further, when the heat pipe isothermal plate temperature is 35 DEG C or higher, the container may be made of copper and the internal working fluid may be water.
The temperature of the heat pipe isothermal plate is maintained at a predetermined isothermal state while varying the container material and the internal working fluid according to various environments.
At this time, a thermostat (108) is connected to the fluid inlet and the outlet of the heat pipe.
The
A temperature /
According to the present embodiment, the
The
For example, a gas such as propane, methane or the like may be irradiated with an infrared ray having a wavelength of 3.2 to 3.4 탆, and an
In this test apparatus, the distance between the
The inventor manufactured the gas image measuring apparatus at the laboratory level. The minimum effective range for measuring the gas leakage through the present testing apparatus is that the temperature difference between the back surface (heat pipe isothermal flat plate) of leakage point and the leakage gas is 2 Deg.] C and a gas leakage amount of 0.1 ml.
The signal detected by the
3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The
As shown in FIG. 3, the
The
4 is a diagram illustrating a quantitative data acquisition process in the data processing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the
Noise elimination, feature extraction and normalization are performed in the preprocessing process, and feature selection and feature specification selection are performed in the dimension reduction process.
Quantified data results (numerical data or category form) of the gas image are then provided through the recognition and prediction process.
Hereinafter, the characteristics of the infrared ray and the reason why the isothermal flat plate according to the present embodiment is required in the infrared ray detection will be described, and furthermore, the application of the square heat ray fount instead of the structure as shown in Fig. 2 will be described in detail.
5 is a diagram showing an electromagnetic spectrum. As shown in FIG. 5, an infrared ray has a wavelength range of 0.72 to 1,000 μm as a part of an electromagnetic spectrum, has a longer wavelength than a visible spectrum, microwaves).
A substance having a temperature of 0 K or more in absolute temperature emits infrared rays from its surface. Since the amount of emitted light is closely related to the temperature of the substance, the temperature can be determined by measuring the amount of infrared rays emitted from the substance or object. This is because the frequency of the infrared rays is almost the same as the natural frequency of molecules constituting the material. Therefore, when an infrared ray hits a material or an object, an electromagnetic resonance phenomenon (resonance phenomenon) occurs, and the energy of the infrared wave is effectively absorbed by the material. In particular, liquid or gaseous materials strongly absorb infrared rays of a specific wavelength. Is used as a means of precisely estimating the chemical composition, reaction process, and molecular structure of a substance by examining the absorption spectrum. In addition, since infrared rays have a long wavelength, scattering effect due to fine particles is less than ultraviolet rays or visible rays, so that air is relatively well transmitted.
The infrared band is near-infrared (0.72-1.4 μm), short-wavelength infrared (1.4-3 μm), mid-wavelength infrared (3-8 μm) infrared, and far-infrared (15-1,000 μm).
If the temperature of the material or object is less than about 500 ° C, the material or the object radiation is almost in the infrared wavelength band. The intensity of radiant energy (W) radiated from a substance or object depends on the temperature and the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation being radiated. The substance not only radiates radiation but also absorbs radiation incident on the environment. Some of the radiation is reflected or partially transmitted, and the material also reacts to incident radiation. This can be expressed as
Where α, ρ, and τ are the absorptivity, reflectivity, and transmissivity of the material or object, respectively, and each coefficient depends on the degree to which the material or object absorbs, reflects, or transmits incident light. It can have a value from 0 to 1. For example, when α = 1, ρ = 0, and τ = 0, energy is incident without reflection or transmission energy.
This body is called the Perfect Black body because 100% of the radiant energy is completely absorbed. A complete blackbody is a complete absorber and a radiator of complete radiant energy. The radiation property of a substance or object is denoted by the symbol ε and is called the emissivity. According to Kirchhoff's law, α = ε, and these two values depend on the wavelength of the radiation. α (λ) = ε (λ), where λ is the wavelength. Therefore,
For a solid opaque object (τ = 0), it can be simplified to 1 = ε + ρ or ρ = 1-ε, but the liquid or gaseous state (τ ≠ 0) can not be simplified.
The radiation characteristic of the complete black body, which depends on the temperature and the radiation wavelength, can be expressed by an equation expressed by Planck's law describing the radiant energy intensity of the black body in which the radiation energy is completely absorbed. .
6 is a diagram showing a complete blackbody radiation graph shown by the Flank law.
The curves of the graph shown in Fig. 6 indicate the radiant energy per unit of wavelength and the area unit, and are called spectral radiation of black body. The higher the temperature of a substance or object, the greater the amount of infrared radiation emitted. However, each radiation curve has a maximum value at a constant wavelength. This value can be calculated by Wien's Displacement Law.
T is a black body absolute temperature, and? Max is a wavelength indicating the maximum radiation intensity. For example, using a blackbody radiation graph, an object with a temperature of 30 ° C exhibits a maximum radiation intensity of about 10 μm, and a maximum radiation wavelength of an object with a temperature of 1,000 ° C appears at a wavelength of about 2.3 μm.
The total radiant energy emitted by the complete blackbody can be calculated by the Stefan-Bolzmann Law.
Where σ is a Stefan Boltzmann's constant (5.67 × 10-8 W / ㎡K⁴).
The energy radiated from the black body is denoted by, and the energy radiated from a general object at the same temperature
In this case, the emissivity is defined as a value between 0 and 1, and the closer to 1, the higher the emissivity of the object, and the closer to 0, the lower the emissivity. An object with the same emissivity over all wavelength bands is called a gray body, and the Stefan Boltzmann law for gray bodies is defined as:
From Equation 7, the emissive power of the gray body is reduced in proportion to the emissivity of the object, unlike the black body radiation at the same temperature. Most of the actual object is not a gray body as it is not a black body, but the emissivity depends on the wavelength. In actual measurement, the analysis is performed only within a limited wavelength band. In contrast, an object whose emissivity varies greatly with wavelength is called a selective radiator.
An infrared camera must calculate the temperature of an object by applying a total radiation law to the radiation of each object itself, the reflection of ambient radiation, the radiation of a given gas, and the radiation of the atmosphere. The total radiation energy input to the infrared camera together with the following assumption can be shown in FIG.
7 is a view for explaining a gas leakage inspection process using an infrared camera according to the present embodiment.
The assumptions are as follows.
- a constant temperature of the surroundings (
- The radial surface temperature of the wall is the same.
- The temperature of the leaking gas is assumed to be the same.
- Assume the atmospheric temperature is the same.
The total radiant energy input to the infrared camera (
The temperature of the wall
However, the actual wall surface temperature
The shape of the heat pipe according to another embodiment of the present invention may have a flat plate shape (a rectangular shape of an inlet shape " mouth " rather than an " I "
8 is a view illustrating a structure of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 8, the heat pipe is designed to be able to radiate heat and absorb heat, and to operate according to the ambient air temperature.
8A, when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the wall surface temperature, the heat source is supplied to the wall surface of the heat pipe so that the heat supplied to the outside moves to the working fluid inside the heat pipe to uniformly transfer heat to the heat pipe wall surface do. When the heat becomes uniform in the heat pipe, the heat is uniformly dissipated from the wall surface of the heat pipe.
8B shows a case in which the atmospheric temperature is high at the wall surface temperature, and is driven in the same manner as the above-mentioned heat dissipation principle by the principle of operating by absorbing heat at the wall surface of the heat pipe.
As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments, such as specific elements, and specific embodiments and drawings. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above- And various modifications and changes may be made thereto by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described, and all of the equivalents or equivalents of the claims, as well as the following claims, belong to the scope of the present invention .
Claims (11)
A heat pipe based isothermal plate placed on the background of the pipeline where the gas is moving and maintaining isothermal temperature;
An infrared radiation detector disposed opposite to the heat pipe-based isothermal plate with the pipe interposed therebetween for sensing an infrared ray radiated from a gas leaked at a predetermined point of the pipe; And
And a data processing unit for processing the signal detected by the infrared radiation detector to obtain quantitative data on the gas to be leaked,
Wherein said heat pipe based isothermal plate is disposed for accurate measurement of said leaking gas and comprises a heat pipe maintaining isothermal temperature and a metal plate facing said pipe side while maintaining isothermal temperature in combination with said heat pipe system.
The heat pipe has a container, a vaporizing portion to which heat is applied, an adiabatic portion to which the working fluid vaporized by the heat moves, and a condensing portion.
Wherein the working fluid is one of helium, ammonia, acetone, water, naphthalene, sodium, Fluorinert Electronic Liquid, pentane.
Wherein the container is made of aluminum or stainless steel, and the working fluid is acetone when the heat pipe isothermal flat plate temperature is 1 占 폚 or more and less than 35 占 폚.
Wherein the container is a copper material when the heat pipe isothermal plate temperature is 35 DEG C or higher, and the working fluid is water.
Wherein the quantitative data comprises a mass flow rate of a leaked gas and a pore size of the broken pipe.
Disposing a heat pipe-based isothermal flat plate on the background of the piping for accurate measurement of gas leaked from the piping; and a heat pipe and a metal plate coupled to the heat pipe and facing the piping side to which the gas travels;
Supplying a working fluid to the heat pipe to maintain the heat pipe based isothermal plate at a pre-set isothermal temperature;
Detecting an infrared signal emitted by a gas leaked from the pipe using an infrared radiation detector; And
And processing the detected infrared signal to obtain quantitative data on the leaking gas.
Wherein the heat pipe has a container, a vaporizing portion to which heat is applied, an adiabatic portion to which the working fluid vaporized by the heat moves, and a condensing portion.
Wherein the container is made of aluminum or stainless steel and the working fluid is acetone when the temperature of the heat pipe isothermal plate is in a range of 1 占 폚 to 35 占 폚.
Wherein the container is a copper material when the heat pipe isothermal plate temperature is 35 DEG C or higher, and the working fluid is water.
A processor; And
A memory coupled to the processor,
The memory comprising:
Pretreating the infrared signal detected by the infrared radiation detector, the infrared radiation sensor being disposed opposite the heat pipe based isothermal plate across the pipe,
Processing the preprocessed signal,
To obtain quantitative data on the leaking gas using the dimensionally reduced information,
And stores program instructions executable by the processor.
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| KR1020160014400A KR101807094B1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2016-02-04 | System and method for measuring optical gas image |
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| KR1020160014400A KR101807094B1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2016-02-04 | System and method for measuring optical gas image |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003294567A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Gas leak visualizing and distance measuring device |
| JP2015099168A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Gas detection device |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003294567A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Gas leak visualizing and distance measuring device |
| JP2015099168A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Gas detection device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 최봉수 외 1명, "등온냉각을 위한 평판형 히트파이프에 관한 연구", 대한설비공학회 2011 하계학술발표대회 논문집 pp 599-602 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20170092997A (en) | 2017-08-14 |
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