KR101758321B1 - An influencing factor modeling method and system for making a comfortable environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The influencing factor modeling method for creating a comfortable environment according to the present invention is characterized in that the influencing factors of the room temperature are defined as the _outdoor temperature T _outdoor (t), the heat Q _gain (t) generated through the heating system, and the fresh air G _{fr .air} (t); Said indoor thermostatic effect element _outdoor T (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{fr .air} a (t), each of the transfer function _{W T1 (p), W T2} (p), and W _T3 (p) Calculating the degree of influence on the room temperature T (t) The indoor humidity control factors are defined as absolute humidity X _{fr .air} (t), steam consumption G _steam (t), and the flow rate G '(t) of the externally introduced air step; And said indoor humidity control effect element _{X fr .air (t), G} steam (t), and G '(t) for each of the transfer function _{W X1 (p), W X2} (p), and W _X3 (p (T) of the indoor humidity X (t) through the use of the indoor temperature and humidity control system, whereby the temperature and humidity control system of the building can be more efficiently operated and the energy saving system can be operated .

Description

[Background Art] [0002] An influencing factor modeling method and system for creating a pleasant environment are disclosed in, for example,

The present invention relates to a method and system for modeling an influence factor for creating a pleasant environment, and more particularly, to an influence factor modeling method and system for constructing a comfortable environment, And a system.

In general, devices and / or systems with automated algorithms for comfortable temperature and humidity are configured to simply adjust the room temperature and humidity so as not to deviate from the temperature and humidity set by the user.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2005-0018888 discloses a method of adjusting an indoor temperature by building an air conditioning database. The method includes steps of accurately measuring the actual indoor temperature according to the number of people accommodated in the room, Thereby controlling the temperature. However, according to this, there is a limitation in that it is impossible to know whether the person's body heat has the greatest influence on the room temperature depending on the situation, which is a temperature due to the person's heat, which is considered as an influence factor when the actual room temperature is measured. In a specific situation, other influences other than the person's heat may have a greater influence on the indoor environment. In this case, it is not possible to control the indoor temperature effectively by adjusting the room temperature only considering people's heat.

That is, there is a limitation in the prior art as disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2005-0018888 in that it is impossible to efficiently adjust the room temperature unless the above-mentioned other influence factors are processed.

It is possible to control the degree of the outdoor air cooling only by the influence factors set in advance, for example, the introduction outdoor capacity or the number of persons accommodated in the indoor space. have.

Conventionally, the temperature and humidity are set by controlling the temperature and the humidity by using the heater, the air conditioner, the fan, the air conditioner, etc. in addition to the case where the outdoor air cooling operation method is provided for the most comfortable environment and energy saving. However, The variables influencing the various factors affecting the environment, such as the influx of ambient air, the heat generated by people in the room, and the effects of weather, were determined without consideration.

Accordingly, it is inefficient and inaccurate to operate the device and / or the system in accordance with the temperature and humidity set by the user as in the conventional technology, and according to the existing technology, as the temperature and humidity are controlled more rapidly Of course, energy is used.

Also, in order to control the temperature and humidity in order to reflect various factors affecting the indoor environment, a large amount of data should be inputted in real time or periodically, and the relationship between them and the degree of influence of each element on the indoor environment should be calculated However, until now, there is a limit to efficiently and precisely. Therefore, there is a need for a modeling method that is configured to set influencing factors such as temperature and humidity that are more accurate and energy saving.

Development of a greenhouse facility model is needed to construct a system to manage temperature and humidity conditions. The greenhouse model reflects the processes that occur within the system from two different perspectives. One is the synthesis of the algorithm and the other is the analysis of the management quality. If the model requirements are appropriate in terms of analysis of management quality, the development of the model should take into account these appropriate requirements, as well as the current level of scientific support work synthesis algorithms.

A. Chaouachi , RM Kamel , R. Andoulsi , K. Nagasaka , " Mulriobjective Intelligent Energy Management for a Microgrid & quot ;, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no 4, pp. 1688-1699, 2013 ; And H. Zhang , A. Ukil, "Framework for Multipoint Sensing Simulation for Energy Efficient HVAC Operation in Buildings ", 41st IEEE Annual Conf . on Industrial Electronics-IECON, Yokohama, Japan, Nov. According to 2015. , two climatic climatic models can be seen.

The fundamental model is intended to solve problems of object nature of analytical and quality control systems, and models belonging to this group are expressed through differential equations (usually in state space). The parameters of the models belonging to this group need a physical interpretation.

The black box model requires solution-oriented control algorithm synthesis problems. These are either static models (polynomials based on the use of regression, neural networks, fuzzy sets), or dynamic models (in the form of differential equations with coefficients determined from empirical data, , There is no clear relationship between the physical parameters and the structural parameters of the greenhouse, based on specific synthesis problems.

Therefore, in order to construct a system for managing temperature and humidity conditions, a modeling method that is a basis for development of the above two model groups is needed.

KR 10-2005-0018888 B1

 A. Chaouachi, R. M. Kamel, R. Andoulsi, K. Nagasaka, "Mulriobjective Intelligent Energy Management for a Microgrid ", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no 4, pp. 1688-1699, 2013.  H. Zhang, A. Ukil, "Framework for Multipoint Sensing Simulation for Energy Efficient HVAC Operation in Buildings ", 41st IEEE Annual Conf. on Industrial Electronics-IECON, Yokohama, Japan, Nov. 2015.

In order to solve the above problem, the impact element modeling method for the composition comfortable environment in accordance with the present invention, defining the effect factor is affected by the room temperature _gain Q (t), _outdoor T (t), G _fr.air (t) And to express the relationship between the influence factors and the room temperature, thereby providing a modeling method capable of easily grasping the relationship between the influence factors and the room temperature.

Further, in order to solve the above problems, the impact element modeling method for the composition comfortable environment in accordance with the present invention, the indoor humidity and the affected elements influence _{X fr .air (t), G} steam (t), G '(t) = 1 / G _{fr .air} (t) and expressing it as an expression, it is possible to easily grasp the relationship between the influencing factors and the indoor humidity, so that it is utilized in the system for controlling the indoor humidity.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for controlling the flow of a gas.

In order to achieve the above object, a method of modeling an influence factor for creating a pleasant environment according to the present invention is characterized in that the influencing factors for influencing indoor temperature are _divided into an external temperature T _outdoor (t), heat Q _gain (t) generated through a heating system, Defining fresh air to be consumed in the facility G _{fr .air} (t); Said indoor thermostatic effect element _outdoor T (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{fr .air} a (t), each of the transfer function _{W T1 (p), W T2} (p), and W _T3 (p) Calculating the degree of influence on the room temperature T (t) The indoor humidity control factors are defined as absolute humidity X _{fr .air} (t), steam consumption G _steam (t), and the flow rate G '(t) of the externally introduced air step; Said room humidity control effect element _{fr .air} X (t), G _steam (t), and G 'a (t), each of the transfer function _{W X1 (p), W X2} (p), and _X3 W (p) And calculating the degree of influence on the indoor humidity X (t) through the indoor humidity X (t).

로 표현되고, 여기서

; ρ는 공기 밀도(kg/m³); V는 풍량(m³); k는 건물 외피의 열 전달 계수(J/m²s·℃); F는 건물 외피의 면적(m²); p는 실내 온도의 라플라스 이미지; C 및 C_air은 공기의 비열 용량(J/℃·kg); T_outdoor(t)는 외부 온도(℃); T(t)는 실내 온도(℃); Q_gain(t)는 난방 시스템을 통해 발생된 열(W); G_{fr .air}(t)는 환기 시설에서 소비되는 신선한 공기(kg/second); 및 △T는 실내 공기와 온도 보상의 변화(temperature compensation change)인 것이 바람직하다.The relation between T _outdoor (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{fr .air} (t) and the room temperature T (t)

Lt; / RTI >

; ρ is the air density (kg / m ³ ); V is the air flow rate (m ³ ); k is the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope (J / m ² s ° C); F is the area of the building envelope (m ² ); p is the Laplace image of the room temperature; C and C _air are the specific heat capacity of air (J / ° C. Kg); T _outdoor (t) is the external temperature (캜); T (t) is the room temperature (占 폚); Q _gain (t) is the heat (W) generated through the heating system; G _{fr .air} (t) is the fresh air (kg / second) consumed in the ventilation system; And DELTA T are preferably indoor air and temperature compensation changes.

In addition, the _outdoor T (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{.air fr} (t), respectively, each with the relationship between the indoor Laplacian image T (p) of the temperature _T1 W (p), W _T2 (p) And a transfer function of W _T3 (p).

로 표현되며, 여기서 T(p)는 내부 온도에 대한 라플라스 이미지(Laplace image); T_outdoor(p)는 난방 시스템에 대한 라플라스 이미지; T_T는 시간 상수를 의미하는 것이 바람직하다.Further, the transfer function W _T1 (p)

, Where T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature; T _outdoor (p) is the Laplace image for the heating system; T _T is preferably a time constant.

로 표현되며, 여기서 k₁은

로서, 난방 시스템 효율 요소; T(p)는 내부 온도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; Q_gain(p)는 외부 온도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; 및 T_T는 시간 상수를 의미하는 것이 바람직하다.Further, the transfer function W _T2 (p)

, Where k ₁ is

As a heating system efficiency factor; T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature; Q _gain (p) is the Laplace image for the external temperature; And T _T are preferably time constants.

로 표현되며, 여기서 k₂는

로서, 환기 시스템 효율 요소; T(p)는 내부 온도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; G_{fr .air}(p)는 신선한 공기의 소비율에 대한 라플라스 이미지; 및 T_T는 시간 상수를 의미하는 것이 바람직하다.Further, the transfer function W _T3 (p)

, Where k < _{2 >} is

, The ventilation system efficiency factor; T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature; G _{fr .air} (p) is the Laplace image of fresh air consumption; And T _T are preferably time constants.

; 여기서 T_X는

로서 가습 과정의 시간 상수; ρ는 공기 밀도(kg/m³); V는 풍량(m³); k는 건물 외피의 열 전달 계수(J/m²s·℃); p는 실내 온도의 라플라스 이미지; (t)는 실내 공기의 절대 습도; G_{fr .air}은 외부에서 유입되는 공기의 소비율(kg/second); X_{fr .air}(t)는 외부에서 유입되는 공기의 절대 습도(kg_water/kg_air); G_{outgoing _air}(t)는 배출되는 공기의 소비율(kg/second); X_{outgoing _air}(t)는 배출되는 공기의 절대 습도(m_water/m_air 또는 kg_water/kg_air); 및 G_steam(t)는 스팀 소비율(kg/second)인 것이 바람직하다.The relationship between X _{fr. Air} (t), G _steam (t), and G '(t) and indoor humidity is expressed by Equation (14)

; Where T _X is

The time constant of the humidification process as; ρ is the air density (kg / m ³ ); V is the air flow rate (m ³ ); k is the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope (J / m ² s ° C); p is the Laplace image of the room temperature; (t) is the absolute humidity of the room air; G _{fr .air} is the consumption rate of the incoming air (kg / second); X _{fr .air} (t) is the absolute humidity of the incoming air (kg _water / kg _air ); G _{outgoing _air} (t) is the rate of exhausted air (kg / second); X _{outgoing _air} (t) is the absolute humidity of the exhausted air (m _water / m _air or kg _water / kg _air ); And G _steam (t) is preferably the steam consumption rate (kg / second).

Further, the step (d), wherein the _{X fr .air (t), G} steam (t), and G '(t), respectively, each with the relationship between the Laplace image X (p) of the room humidity W _X1 (p), W _X2 (p), and W _X3 (p).

로 표현되며, 여기서 X(p)는 내부 공기 습도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; X_{fr .air}(p)는 신선한 공기의 내부 습도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; 및 T_X는

로서 가습 관정에서의 시간 상수를 의미하는 것이 바람직하다.Further, the transfer function W _X1 (p)

, Where X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; X _{fr .air} (p) is the Laplace image of the internal humidity of fresh air; And T _X

Which is a time constant in the humidifier.

로 표현되며, 여기서 k₃는

로서 스팀 소비율의 변환 계수; X(p)는 내부 공기 습도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; X_steam(p)는 스팀 소비율에 대한 라플라스 이미지; 및 T_X는

로서 가습 관정에서의 시간 상수를 의미하는 것이 바람직하다.Further, the transfer function W _X2 (p)

, Where k < ₃ > is

A conversion coefficient of the steam consumption rate; X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; X _steam (p) is the Laplace image for the steam consumption rate; And T _X

Which is a time constant in the humidifier.

로 표현되며, 여기서 k₄는 G_steam으로서 신선한 공기 소비율에 대한 변환 계수; X(p)는 내부 공기 습도에 대한 라플라스 이미지; G'(p)는 신선한 공기 소비율에 대한 라플라스 이미지; 및 T_X는

로서 가습 관정에서의 시간 상수를 의미하는 것이 바람직하다.Also, the transfer function W _X3 (p)

Where k ₄ is the G _steam and the conversion factor for the fresh air consumption rate; X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; G '(p) is the Laplace image for the fresh air consumption rate; And T _X

Which is a time constant in the humidifier.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system to which an influence factor modeling method for creating a pleasant environment is applied, the system comprising a temperature control device, a humidity control device, and a controller for controlling the temperature control device and the humidity control device and includes the control section temperature control elements, which are affected _outdoor t (t), Q _gain (t), G and _fr by the _.air (t) on the basis of controlling the temperature control, humidity control effect element, which are X _fr provides _.air (t), G _steam (t), and G 'effect element modeling system for a composition comfortable environment characterized in that the control (t) the humidity control apparatus on the basis of.

The display unit may further include a display unit connected to the control unit, wherein the display unit displays a recommended opening / closing state of the window in a space to be subjected to temperature and humidity control.

According to the impact element modeling method for the composition comfortable environment in accordance with the present invention, to facilitate the relationship between the room temperature has affected the impact element _{Q gain (t), T outdoor} (t), G fr .air (t) and room temperature Since it can be grasped, it can be used in a system to adjust the room temperature, so that the room temperature can be more efficiently controlled.

In addition, according to the method of modeling the influence factors for creating a pleasant environment according to the present invention, X _{fr .air} (t), G _steam (t) and G '(t) = 1 / G _{fr . Since} the relationship between _air (t) and indoor humidity can be easily grasped, it is utilized in a system for controlling the indoor humidity, thereby enabling more efficient indoor humidity control.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an overall configuration of an influence element modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a thermal balance of heat acquisition / loss coefficients for determining energy efficiency of a building in an influence element modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the room temperature control influencing factors, the respective transfer functions, and the room temperature affecting the room air temperature in the influent factor modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between indoor humidity control influencing factors influencing indoor air humidity, transfer functions, and indoor humidity according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a laboratory plan view and a relative humidity measurement result of an experimental example of a method for modeling an influence factor for creating a pleasant environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view showing measurement results of a room temperature (laboratory) room temperature distribution in an experimental example of a method for modeling an influence factor for creating a pleasant environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a distribution of wind speeds in a laboratory according to an experimental example of a method for modeling an influence factor for creating a comfortable environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a measurement result of a distribution of laboratory indoor relative humidity in an experimental example of an influencing factor modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a schematic block diagram of a system to which an influence factor modeling method for creating a comfortable environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Before describing the present invention in detail, terms and words used herein should not be construed as being unconditionally limited in a conventional or dictionary sense, and the inventor of the present invention should not be interpreted in the best way It is to be understood that the concepts of various terms can be properly defined and used, and further, these terms and words should be interpreted in terms of meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

That is, the terms used herein are used only to describe preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the contents of the present invention, It should be noted that this is a defined term.

Also, in this specification, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be understood that they may include singular do.

Where an element is referred to as "comprising" another element throughout this specification, the term " comprises " does not exclude any other element, It can mean that you can do it.

Further, when it is stated that an element is "inside or connected to" another element, the element may be directly connected to or in contact with the other element, A third component or means for fixing or connecting the component to another component may be present when the component is spaced apart from the first component by a predetermined distance, It should be noted that the description of the components or means of 3 may be omitted.

On the other hand, it should be understood that there is no third component or means when an element is described as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element.

Likewise, other expressions that describe the relationship between the components, such as "between" and "immediately", or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" .

In this specification, terms such as "one side", "other side", "one side", "other side", "first", "second" Is used to clearly distinguish one element from another element, and it should be understood that the meaning of the element is not limited by such term.

It is also to be understood that terms related to positions such as "top", "bottom", "left", "right" in this specification are used to indicate relative positions in the drawing, Unless an absolute position is specified for these positions, it should not be understood that these position-related terms refer to absolute positions.

Furthermore, in the specification of the present invention, the terms "part", "unit", "module", "device" and the like mean a unit capable of handling one or more functions or operations, Or software, or a combination of hardware and software.

In this specification, the same reference numerals are used for the respective components of the drawings to denote the same reference numerals even though they are shown in different drawings, that is, the same reference numerals throughout the specification The symbols indicate the same components.

In the drawings attached to the present specification, the size, position, coupling relationship, and the like of each constituent element of the present invention may be partially or exaggerated or omitted or omitted for the sake of clarity of description of the present invention or for convenience of explanation May be described, and therefore the proportion or scale may not be rigorous.

Further, in the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of a configuration that is considered to be unnecessarily blurring the gist of the present invention, for example, a known technology including the prior art may be omitted.

Hereinafter, an impact factor modeling method for creating a comfortable environment according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 1, the influencing factor modeling method for creating a comfortable environment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes defining a room temperature influencing factor (S100), calculating a transfer function for each room temperature influencing factor (S120) of calculating the degree of influence of the influencing factors on the room temperature through the indoor temperature transfer function (S120), defining the influence factors of the room humidity control (S200) A step S210 of expressing a transfer function for the adjustment influencing factor, and a step S220 of numerically calculating the degree of influence of the influencing factors on the room humidity through the room humidity transfer function.

At this time, it is defined the temperature control element to the outside-house effect _outdoor temperature T (t), the heat Q generated _gain through the heating system (t), and fresh air G _{.air fr} (t) consumed by the ventilation system it is preferred .

The indoor temperature control effect element _{T outdoor (t), Q gain} (t), and G _{.air fr} (t) is a respective transfer function _{W T1 (p), W T2} (p), and W _T3 (p) The degree of influence on the room temperature T (t) can be calculated.

The influencing factors of the indoor humidity are defined as the absolute humidity of the air entering from the outside X _fr.air (t), the steam consumption G _steam (t), and the flow rate of the externally introduced air G '(t) .

The indoor humidity control effect element _{fr .air} X (t), G _steam (t), and a G 'of each transfer function a _{(t) W X1 (p)} , W X2 (p), and _X3 W (p) The degree of influence on the indoor humidity X (t) can be calculated.

The respective room temperature adjustment influencing factors, the room humidity adjusting affecting factors, and the transfer functions corresponding to each are described in more detail below.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a thermal balance of heat acquisition / loss coefficients for determining energy efficiency of a building in an influence element modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, Q _i corresponds to an internal energy acquisition coefficient such as a person's body heat. This includes heat emitted from instruments such as electronic devices, artificial lighting, etc., as well as human heat.

Q _T corresponds to the energy loss factor, which means heat that escapes through the building through the heat conduction. This includes heat lost through walls, floors, ceilings, etc. of buildings.

Q _s corresponds to the total energy input, which is induced by solar radiation, such as natural light entering the building, which warms the internal air and thermal mass.

Q _v corresponds to the heat acquisition / loss coefficient that occurs due to the inflow / outflow of air. For example, when a window is opened for ventilation, or air inflow / outflow by a small gap formed on the exterior of the building, air from different temperature zones is mixed, or mechanical ventilation, Inflow / outflow may occur.

The heat loss amount Q _sink and the heat acquisition amount Q _source can be calculated by the above-mentioned heat acquisition / loss coefficient (hereinafter, referred to as 'heat coefficient'). Q _sink is generally obtained through Q _T + Q _V where Q _i is the heat coefficient Q _{i , sink} for any object that is taking heat away from the building, Q _sink is Q _T + Q _V + Q _{i ,} can be obtained through _sink . Q _source is generally Q _s + Q _T + Q _V + Q _i .

Thermal equilibrium is achieved when Q _sink = Q _source . In the case of Q _sink <Q _source , the temperature inside the building must be increased to take measures to lower the temperature. In the case of Q _sink > Q _source , the temperature inside the building should decrease and measures should be taken to raise the temperature.

It is desirable that this total calorie is calculated by the heating and cooling system, which can be calculated as the sum of the total calories obtained and the lost calories. The total calorific value corresponds to the total thermal energy requirement of the building. The acquisition and loss of energy can be classified into parameters such as building, environment, law, usability, and so on. In order to increase the energy efficiency of the building, the building should be designed considering the fixed environment and usability. However, in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the building, a model considering the heat flow in the space is needed.

Thermal environment modelling  Way

For a pleasant environment in a room such as a room in a building, the modeling method according to an embodiment of the present invention provides an equation for modeling the heat reflecting the influencing factors affecting the room temperature of the room.

First, in the temperature control, it is necessary to consider not only the heat flow into / out of the temperature control system, but also the amount of heat energy accumulated depending on the heat capacity of the object. Therefore, in the present invention, these factors are divided into three factors, Q _gain , Q _env , and Q _{fr .air} . Where Q _gain is the heat obtained from the building's heating system, Q _env is the heat lost through the building envelope, and Q _{fr .air} is the ventilation temperature to obtain fresh air. The heat is lost.

Using the above-described influencing factors according to the present invention and a general procedure for obtaining a predetermined indoor air volume V, air density p, specific heat capacity C of air, and energy balance, The following Equation 1 can be obtained which shows the relationship between the change in temperature and the change in the room temperature that affect the change in the room temperature.

Where ρ is the air density (kg / m ³ ); V is the air flow rate (m ³ ); C is the specific heat capacity of air (J / ° C. Kg); (t) is the room temperature (占 폚); Q _gain (t) is the heat (W) generated through the heating system; ΣQ _env (t) is the heat lost through the building envelope (W); Q _{fr .air} (t) means the heat (W) lost by the heat required to heat the fresh air.

The heat lost through the building envelope can be obtained in more detail by the following equation (2).

Where k is the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope (J / m ² s ° C); F is the area of the building envelope (m ² ); T _air (t) is the room temperature (° C) in the building; T _outdoor (t) means the external temperature (캜).

The heat lost by the heat necessary to heat the fresh air can be obtained in more detail by the following equation (3).

Where G _{fr .air} (t) is the rate of fresh air consumption in the ventilator (kg / second); C _air is the specific heat of air (J / kg · 캜); T _air (t) is the room temperature (° C) in the building; T _outdoor (t) means the external temperature (캜).

Equation (1) representing the temperature change can be expressed by the following Equation (4).

Where T _outdoor (t) is the current temperature of the room temperature T (t) in the room. In addition, (t) can be expressed by the following equation (5).

In Equation (5), if both are divided by kF, it can be expressed by the following Equation (6).

를 시간 상수인 것으로 정의하면, 수학식 6은 수학식 7과 같은 형태로 표현될 수 있다. Equation (6) is a function expressing the temperature change and the influence factors by a first-order differential equation.

Is defined as a time constant, Equation (6) can be expressed in the form of Equation (7).

It can be seen from this that (t) can be influenced by Q _gain (t), T _outdoor (t), and G _{fr .air} (t).

Definition of controlled object in thermal environment model to guarantee preset room temperature

Next, how the room temperature is affected by these parameters (Q _gain (t), T _outdoor (t), and G _{fr .air} (t)) is explained.

T _outdoor means the value of the external temperature. External temperature may mean average annual temperature per region. The annual average temperature is preferably determined by the annual temperature schedule of the geographical location on the premise of the predetermined geographical location. The transfer function for changing the internal and external temperatures in Equation (7) can be expressed as Equation (8).

Where T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature, T _outdoor (p) is the Laplace image for the heating system, and T _T is the time constant. The process of temperature change involves the nature of inertia and reflects a general inertial link. During the winter this process can be specified by the source of the heat flow, which influences the temperature balance and the cooling of the building without an active heating system.

는 실내의 열 평형을 유지하기 위해 필요한 열을 제공하는 난방 시스템의 효과를 반영한다. 열에 의해 영향을 받은 실내 온도를 조절하기 위한 전달 함수는 수학식 9와 같이 표현될 수 있다. Equations (6) and

Reflects the effect of a heating system that provides the heat necessary to maintain thermal equilibrium in the room. The transfer function for adjusting the room temperature affected by the heat can be expressed by Equation (9).

로서, 난방 시스템 효율 요소를 의미한다. 이러한 온도 변화 과정도 일반적인 관성 링크를 반영한다.Where T (p) is the Laplace image (Laplace image) said, Q _gain (p) of the internal temperature of Laplacian image to the external temperature, T _T is the time constant, k is ₁

Which means the heating system efficiency factor. This process of temperature change also reflects the general inertial link.

는 실내 공기와 온도 보상의 변화(△T)(temperature compensation change)에 의해 발생하는, 열의 비용을 나타낸다. 신선한 공기 G_{fr .air}의 고비는 환기 시스템의 성능에 따라 달라지며, 공기의 품질적인 조성의 가치를 안정화하기 위한 컨트롤 룹(control loop)에 의해 설정된 값의 세트를 고려한다. 공기 온도의 변화 T(p)와 신선한 공기 흐름 G_{fr .air}(p)의 관계는 수학식 10과 같이 표현될 수 있다. Equations (6) and

Represents the cost of heat generated by the indoor air and the temperature compensation change (T). Fresh air turning point of the G _{fr .air} is based on the performance of the ventilation system, consider the set of values set by the control loop (control loop) for stabilizing the value of the quality of the composition of the air. Relationship of the air temperature T (p) and the fresh air flow _{.air fr} G (p) can be expressed as Equation (10).

로서, 환기 시스템 효율 요소를 의미한다. 이러한 온도 변화 과정도 관성이 포함되고, 관성 링크에 의해 나타난다. 양의 온도차가 존재할 경우에, 풍량의 증가는 공기 온도의 감소로 이어질 수 있다. Where T (p) is said Laplacian image to the internal temperature, _{.air fr} G (p) is the Laplacian image for the consumption of the fresh air, and T _T is time constant, k is ₂

Which means the efficiency factor of the ventilation system. This process of temperature change also involves inertia and is manifested by an inertial link. In the presence of a positive temperature difference, an increase in air volume can lead to a decrease in air temperature.

These various external factors affecting the indoor air temperature can be represented as shown in the block diagram of FIG. That is, the internal temperature T (t) is the object of control that can represent a dynamic system. This is influenced by three input values, Q _gain (t), which represents the operation of adjusting the value, and T _outdoor (t) and G _{fr .air} (t), the perturbation variables.

The control operation of the heat supply from the heating system represented by the transfer function W _T2 (p) accounts for the heat loss during the operation of the ventilation system in preparing the transfer function W _T1 (p) and fresh outside air. This control action is intended to compensate for heat loss through the building envelope (when the indoor temperature T _air (t) in the building is higher than the _outdoor temperature T _outdoor (t)). The fresh air consumption rate G _{fr .air} (t) is determined by the process of stabilizing the loop air quality and the influence of the temperature T (t), as can be explained by the W _T3 (p) transfer function.

To compensate for the air humidity due to the operational disturbances described by the transfer functions W _X1 (p) and W _X3 (p).

The control actions for T _outdoor (t), Q _gain (t) and G _fr.air (t) values can be determined by the transfer functions W _T1 (p), W _T2 (p), and W _T3 have. In other words, it is possible to obtain the heat loss due to the external temperature (in the case where the value of T _air (t) is larger than T _outdoor (t)) or the type of heat acquisition by heat provided from the heating system, The temperature control is performed to compensate for the elements that impede the creation of a comfortable environment in the form of heat loss due to the inflow of air.

Humidity environment modelling  Way

Like the approach used in the temperature environment modeling method, the equation representing the moisture content in the air can also be expressed by the following equation (11).

Where ρ is the air density (kg / m ³ ); V is the air flow rate (m ³ ); (t) is the indoor absolute humidity (m _water / m _air or kg _water / kg _air ); G _{fr .air} (t) is the fresh air consumption rate (kg / second); X _fr.air (t) is the absolute humidity of fresh air (kg _water / kg _air ); G _{outgoing _air} (t) is the rate of outgoing air consumption (kg / second); X _{outgoing _air} (t) is the absolute humidity of the outgoing air (m _water / m _air or kg _water / kg _air ); And G _steam (t) means the steam consumption rate (kg / second).

For a one-time ventilation system, the fresh air flow G _{fr .air} (t) is preferably approximately coincident with the _outgoing air flow G _{outgoing _air} (t). At this time, the air is not compressed, and the constant air density, that is, ρ is a constant, and the size of the indoor space is not changed. Assuming that the outgoing air from the indoor space at the first approximation is equal to the humidity of the actual air, the initial function can be expressed by Equation (12).

Equation (12) can also be expressed by Equation (13) by dividing by G _{outgoing _air} (t).

인 것으로 이해되며, 이와 같은 방정식은 수학식 14와 같은 형식으로도 표현될 수 있다.here

And such an equation can also be expressed in the form of equation (14).

및 스팀의 공급

에 따라 달라질 수 있다.Where the air density X (t)

And steam supply

&Lt; / RTI &gt;

These relationships can be specified as follows.

Definition of Control Object in Humidity Environment Model to Ensure Pre-set Room Humidity

The humidity of the air can be determined by regional climate. The degree of influence of the parameters can be considered through the transfer function from the differential equation.

로서 가습 과정의 시간 상수이다. Where (p) is the Laplace image for indoor humidity, X _fr.air (p) is the Laplace image for the internal humidity of fresh air, and T _x

Is the time constant of the humidification process.

This process is also expressed by the standard inertia and inertia factors, as we have seen in the transfer function during the temperature change process. The humidification process includes indoor ventilation using outside air, except for external factors that affect the change in indoor humidity. In this case, the indoor humidity value is similar to the outdoor air humidity value.

The steam consumption rate can be used as a reference to see how much humidity is in the air. The transfer function which combines the air humidity (t) and the steam consumption rate G _steam (t) can be expressed by the following equation (16).

로서 가습 과정의 시간 상수; 및 k₃는

로서 스팀 소비율의 변환 계수를 의미한다. Where X (p) is the Laplace image for indoor air humidity; X _steam (p) is the Laplace image for the steam consumption rate; T _x

The time constant of the humidification process as; And k ₃ is

Which means the conversion factor of the steam consumption rate.

This process can also be expressed by inertia and general inertial links.

는 G'(t)와 대응되는 것으로 가정되고, 공기 습도와 신선한 공기의 흐름 속도 G'(t) 간의 관계에 대한 전달 함수는 다음과 같은 수학식 17로 유도할 수 있다. It is desirable that the relationship between air humidity and air flow from the ventilation system be considered. here

Is assumed to correspond to G '(t), and the transfer function for the relationship between air humidity and fresh air flow rate G' (t) can be derived as:

로서 가습 관정에서의 시간 상수를 의미한다. Where X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; G '(p) is the Laplace image for the fresh air consumption rate; k ₄ is the G _steam , the conversion factor for the fresh air consumption rate; And T _X

Which means the time constant in the humidifier.

These various external factors affecting indoor air humidity can be represented as shown in the block diagram of FIG. That is, the internal humidity X (t) is the object of control that can represent a dynamic system. This is influenced by the three input values, X _{fr .air} (t), G _steam (t) and G '(t) values. (Where G '(t) = 1 / G _{fr .air} (t))

The indoor air humidity X (t) is calculated using three input variables: the manipulated variable G _steam (t) and the two perturbation variables X _{fr .air} (t) and G '(t). Control operation G _{fr .air} (t) and X _fr performance of _.air (t) as a result of the ventilation system with fresh outside air humidity transfer function W _X2 (p) technologies, the transfer function W _X1 (p) and of the To compensate for the air humidity due to the operation disturbance described by W _X3 (p).

The influencing factor for creating a pleasant environment according to the present invention modelling  Method of Experimental Example

Experiments were conducted at the Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Smart City, Gachon University. In the laboratory space, one of the outer walls contains six work areas with individual computers, each of which is divided into a semi-transparent partition wall (height 1.5m) and an area of 18x6m ² , which is 2.5 m high.

Experiments have shown that the _outdoor air temperature T _outdoor is less than -5 ° C while the heating and ventilation system is operating, the room air temperature exceeds the critical temperature, and the relative humidity is in the range of 5 to 10%.

Referring to FIG. 5, the results of the laboratory plan and relative humidity measurements in the present experimental example are shown in the figure. The laboratory space was provided with fresh air through a three-dimensional 400x400mm window. More specifically, Figure 5 shows the result of measuring the relative humidity when T _outdoor at a height of 1.5 m from the floor is -11 ° C.

In general, low indoor relative humidity has adverse effects on the respiratory system of occupants, and humid air is not able to conduct static electricity well, and humid air accumulates on the surfaces of electronic devices and devices, Resulting in a failure of the electronic equipment in excess of the electrostatic magnetic field performance associated with the remote control. Thus, a humidifier was installed to ensure standardized relative humidity, but the production of steam through it generated significant energy costs.

In addition, humidified air flows into the duct and onto an obstacle (e.g., a silencer, etc.), as shown in the results of previous experiments related to indoor humidity. By such contact with the surface, moisture in the air causes significant losses due to moisture condensation on the solid surface.

Thus, an energy-saving humidification process is needed to determine the minimum amount of normal air and water supply given the relative humidity of the room air. For this purpose, numerical simulations of relative humidity spatial distributions were performed through field experiments. The site was conducted as a laboratory.

In this experimental example, the results showed the minimum humidity of the feed air which can determine the rated value of the relative humidity of the inside air. The moisture content corresponds to d = 5 x 10 ^-3 , and the numerical simulation results shown in Figs. 6 to 9 include the temperature distribution, the wind speed and the relative humidity at a horizontal plane data distance of 1,500 m from the floor of the room.

Factors Affecting Laboratory Temperature

As shown in FIG. 7, the influence of the convective flow rising in the heating device, the person, and the PC was confirmed. Downward flow was also observed near the outer wall. All heat flows are limited to correspond to translucent partitions. Temperatures in the range of 20 to 22 ° C in the laboratory have been found to be satisfactory in a comfortable environment. That is, in the case of the laboratory, it was understood that the heat acquisition function from the heating device, the person and the PC, the heat loss effect by the outer wall, and the influence of the temperature distribution by the object such as partition.

Factors affecting laboratory wind speed and relative humidity

The wind speed of the laboratory can be seen to be influenced by the windows and partitions as shown in Fig. As shown in Fig. 9, the humidity of the laboratory can be seen to be influenced by the partition. In other words, the flow of convection and the effect of the partition, which is a translucent structure, were good in each region.

In this way, we can observe the external temperature of the building under specific conditions and the influencing factors in the laboratory under specific conditions through the simulation, and these influencing factors can be determined by the influencing factor modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention Numerically modelable.

In other words, according to the invention, the room air temperature T (t) has three components significantly affected, _outdoor T (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{.air fr} (t) each of _T1 W (p) a, W _T2 (p) and W _T3 (p), and finally calculate the numerical value of what factor should be adjusted to reach the desired T (t).

The room air humidity X (t) is also three kinds of elements greatly _{influence, X fr .air (t),} G steam (t), and a G '(t) each _{W X1 (p), W X2} (p), and W _X3 (p), and finally calculate the numerical value of what element should be adjusted to reach the desired indoor air humidity X (t).

Influencing Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment modelling  system

9 is a schematic block diagram of a system to which an influence factor modeling method for creating a comfortable environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied. 9, the influence element modeling system for creating a comfortable environment according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a temperature controller 100, a humidity controller 200, a controller 300, and an influence element calculator 400 ).

The temperature control device 100 may be a device capable of cooling and heating such as an air conditioner, and the humidity control device 200 may be a device having a dehumidifying and humidifying function. The controller 300 for controlling the temperature controller 100 and the humidity controller 200 may be communicatively connected to the temperature controller 100 and the humidity controller 200, respectively. The influencing factor calculator 400 connected to the controller 300 may be a device such as a computer that receives information and can quickly calculate a large number of values in real time.

Controller 300 effect on the _outdoor T (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{.air fr} (t) at room temperature T (t) on the basis of which are temperature controlled via the impact element INFLUENCES operation unit 400 And controls the temperature regulating apparatus 100. [0054]

The control unit 300 calculates the indoor humidity X (t) based on the humidity control influencing factors X _fr.air (t), G _steam (t), and G '(t) The degree of influence can be determined and the humidity controller can be controlled.

The system to which the influence factor modeling method for creating a pleasant environment according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied may further include a display unit (not shown) connected to the controller 300. [ The display unit can display the recommended opening / closing of the window in the space to be subjected to the temperature and humidity control, and can perform actions such as opening / closing windows as well as automatic control of the air conditioner or dehumidifying / So that passive environmental control of the occupant can be controlled efficiently.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the temperature and humidity control system of a building can operate more efficiently, and an energy-saving system can be operated.

100: Temperature controller
200: Humidity control device
300:
400: influence element operating section

Claims (13)

(a) defining the room temperature influencing factors as the _outdoor temperature T _outdoor (t), the heat Q _gain (t) generated through the heating system, and the fresh air G _{fr .air} (t) consumed in the ventilator;
(b) the temperature-controlled room effect elements _{T outdoor (t), Q gain} (t), and G _{fr .air} each of the transfer function _{(t) W T1 (p)} , W T2 (p), and W _T3 calculating a degree of influence on the room temperature T (t) through the step (p);
(c) The factors affecting indoor humidity control are the absolute humidity X _fr.air (t), steam consumption G _steam (t) of the air entering from the outside, and the flow rate G '(t) ; And
(d) said indoor humidity control effect element _{fr .air} X (t), G _steam (t), and G 'a (t), each of the transfer function _{W X1 (p), W X2} (p), and W _X3 (t) on the indoor humidity X (t) via the indoor humidity X (t).
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method according to claim 1,
In the step (a), the relationship between T _outdoor (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{fr .air} (t) and the room temperature T (t)
&Quot; (7) &quot;

;
here

; ρ is the air density (kg / m ³ ); V is the air flow rate (m ³ ); k is the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope (J / m ² s ° C); F is the area of the building envelope (m ² ); p is the Laplace image of the room temperature; C and C _air are the specific heat capacity of air (J / ° C. Kg); T _outdoor (t) is the external temperature (캜); T (t) is the room temperature (占 폚); Q _gain (t) is the heat (W) generated through the heating system; G _{fr .air} (t) is the fresh air (kg / second) consumed in the ventilation system; And DELTA T are the indoor air and temperature compensation changes,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method according to claim 1,
The step (b)
The _{T outdoor (t), Q gain} (t), and G _{.air fr} (t), respectively, each with the relationship between the indoor Laplacian image T (p) of the temperature _T1 W (p), _T2 W (p) and W _T3 &lt; / RTI &gt; (p).
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method of claim 3,
The transfer function W _T1 (p)
&Quot; (8) &quot;

Lt; / RTI &gt;
Where T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature; T _outdoor (p) is the Laplace image for the heating system; T _T is the time constant,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method of claim 3,
The transfer function W _T2 (p)
&Quot; (9) &quot;

Lt; / RTI &gt;
Where k ₁ is

As a heating system efficiency factor; T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature; Q _gain (p) is the Laplace image for the external temperature; And T _T is a time constant,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method of claim 3,
The transfer function W _T3 (p)
&Quot; (10) &quot;

Lt; / RTI &gt;
Where k ₂ is

, The ventilation system efficiency factor; T (p) is the Laplace image for the internal temperature; G _{fr .air} (p) is the Laplace image of fresh air consumption; And T _T is a time constant,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method according to claim 1,
In the step (b), the relationship between X _{fr. Air} (t), G _steam (t), and G '(t) and indoor humidity is expressed by Equation (14)
&Quot; (14) &quot;

;
Where T _X is

The time constant of the humidification process as; ρ is the air density (kg / m ³ ); V is the air flow rate (m ³ ); k is the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope (J / m ² s ° C); p is the Laplace image of the room temperature; (t) is the absolute humidity of the room air; G _{fr .air} is the consumption rate of the incoming air (kg / second); X _{fr .air} (t) is the absolute humidity of the incoming air (kg _water / kg _air ); G _{outgoing _air} (t) is the rate of exhausted air (kg / second); X _{outgoing _air} (t) is the absolute humidity of the exhausted air (m _water / m _air or kg _water / kg _air ); And G _steam (t) is the steam consumption rate (kg / second)
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
The method according to claim 1,
The step (d)
Said _{X fr .air (t), G} steam (t), and the W _X1 G '(t), respectively, each with the relationship between the Laplace image X (p) of the room humidity _{(p), W X2 (p} ) , And W _X3 (p).
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
9. The method of claim 8,
The transfer function W _X1 (p)
&Quot; (15) &quot;

Lt; / RTI &gt;
Where X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; X _{fr .air} (p) is the Laplace image of the internal humidity of fresh air; And T _X

Which means the time constant in the humidifier,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
9. The method of claim 8,
The transfer function W _X2 (p)
&Quot; (16) &quot;

Lt; / RTI &gt;

Where k ₃ is

A conversion coefficient of the steam consumption rate; X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; X _steam (p) is the Laplace image for the steam consumption rate; And T _X

Which means the time constant in the humidifier,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
9. The method of claim 8,
The transfer function W _X3 (p)
&Quot; (17) &quot;

Lt; / RTI &gt;
Where k ₄ is the G _steam and the conversion factor for the fresh air consumption rate; X (p) is the Laplace image for the internal air humidity; G '(p) is the Laplace image for the fresh air consumption rate; And T _X

Which means the time constant in the humidifier,
A Modeling Method of Influence Factors for Creating a Pleasant Environment.
13. A system to which an influencing factor modeling method for creating a comfortable environment according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is applied,
The system includes a temperature controller, a humidity controller, a controller for controlling the temperature controller and the humidity controller, and an influence element calculator connected to the controller,
The control unit may determine the extent of effects on the indoor temperature T (t) on the basis of the _outdoor T (t), Q _gain (t), and G _{.air fr} (t), which are temperature controlled impact element through the impact element calculation unit Determines the degree of influence on the indoor humidity X (t) based on the humidity control influencing factors X _{fr .air} (t), G _steam (t), and G '(t) And controlling the humidity control device.
Influential Factor Modeling System for Comfortable Environment.
13. The method of claim 12,
And a display unit connected to the control unit,
Wherein the display unit indicates whether or not the window is opened or closed in a space that is a target of temperature and humidity control.
Influential Factor Modeling System for Comfortable Environment.

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