KR101730891B1 - Real time continuous radon detector - Google Patents
Real time continuous radon detector Download PDFInfo
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- KR101730891B1 KR101730891B1 KR1020150118974A KR20150118974A KR101730891B1 KR 101730891 B1 KR101730891 B1 KR 101730891B1 KR 1020150118974 A KR1020150118974 A KR 1020150118974A KR 20150118974 A KR20150118974 A KR 20150118974A KR 101730891 B1 KR101730891 B1 KR 101730891B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/17—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector
- G01T1/178—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector for measuring specific activity in the presence of other radioactive substances, e.g. natural, in the air or in liquids such as rain water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/185—Measuring radiation intensity with ionisation chamber arrangements
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a real-time continuous radon detecting device, and more particularly, to an alpha particle detecting module that absorbs an ion charge generated during alpha (?) Collapse in air introduced into an ionization chamber of a predetermined size, And an electric signal output from the alpha particle detection module in real time to discriminate normal or abnormal alpha particle detection signals by comparing and analyzing signal pattern information and waveforms according to previously stored external noise signal types, The radar concentration value is calculated on the basis of the number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal and a measurement error correction coefficient based on humidity, And a control module for controlling the measured concentration value By including the communication module to pass the time, it can be high-precision and high reliability while gateu quickly and effectively measure real-time indoor radong concentration.
Description
The present invention relates to a real-time continuous radon detecting apparatus capable of real-time, precise, and effective real-time detection of radon (Rn) gas, which is a kind of radiation gas contained in air.
In general, radon (Rn) is a type of radioactive gas that causes alpha decay with a half-life of 3.8 days. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) warns that inhalation of radon is the main cause of lung cancer following smoking, The World Health Organization (WHO) also reports that 6 to 15 percent of all lung cancer patients are caused by radon.
Since radon is the heaviest gas in the earth, once it enters the room, it accumulates without getting out of it. As the radon collapses into the lungs through human respiration, it emits alpha radiation, He 2+ ) is less permeable than beta or gamma rays, but its mass is relatively large, causing the destruction of lung cells. In addition, since the radon is colorless, odorless, and insignificant, it is a big problem that it can not be noticed at all even if the indoor concentration is high.
As described above, the radon (Rn) gas, which is very harmful to the human body, continuously moves to the ground through the soil or the gravel surrounding the building, and penetrates into the room through the space of the building or the pores of the concrete. Radon (Rn) penetrating from surrounding soil is known to be the main cause of indoor radon (Rn), and building materials such as concrete, gypsum board, gravel, and brick are also sources of indoor radon (Rn).
In addition, radon (Rn) is well dissolved in water, so it flows into the room through the movement of groundwater, and indoor movement through water penetrates due to capillary phenomenon or water pressure through the pores of concrete. , And the lower the pressure, the more radon (Rn) gas is introduced into the room.
Therefore, in each country, the concentration of radon (Rn) gas contained in the indoor air is specially controlled separately, and it is recommended that the concentration of radon in the atmosphere is usually kept at 60 to 200 Bq / m 3 or less, , And the Republic of Korea currently designates the concentration of radon (Rn) as 4 pCi / l (148 Bq / m 3 ) as the indoor air quality recommendation standard.
In order to accurately evaluate the indoor concentration of radon (Rn), which has a great influence on human health as described above, various types of measuring instruments and various measuring methods and devices have been developed and used. Typically, passive integrating type ) Radon detectors and active continuous radon detectors.
Charcoal canisters are typical examples of the Passive Integrating type radon detectors. The charcoal canisters are filled with activated carbon capable of adsorbing radon in the metal can, and placed in a suspect area for a few days to several months depending on performance The amount of radon adsorbed by a specialized agency is measured, and the result is measured in the form of receiving the result. It is relatively simple to use, requires no power, and is priced at a few hundreds of thousands, but real-time measurement is impossible.
As the active continuous radon detection device, there are three methods using a scintillation cell, a photonic semiconductor (PIN photodiode), and a pulsed ionization chamber. Since the radon concentration can be measured continuously and in real time The radon concentration in air can be checked by time. Generally, these devices are large in size and expensive from millions of won to tens of millions of won, so they are mainly used for professional use, and the disadvantage is that they are expensive to use as an entry-level type.
The continuous radon detecting device using the scintillation cell uses a scintillation phenomenon in which a charged particle bombardes a certain substance, and a zinc phosphide (ZnS) or a NaI The coating is applied to the inside of the metal chamber which is in the dark room and is called a scintillator. A scintillation detector is referred to as a scintillator, and a scintillation counter is used as a pulse output.
On the other hand, the method of reading the output dynamically is mainly used for dose measurement, and since it uses a scintillator, it is called a scintillation dosimeter, and a scintillator is used for both solid, liquid and gas. .
In the radon measurement, the gas is introduced into the optically well-sealed chamber, that is, inside the scintillator, and the air is pumped into the scintillator. It is the principle that it is possible to continuously measure the radon concentration. The advantage is that it is the most sensitive compared to other methods. The disadvantage is that zinc sulfide (ZnS) or NaI coating is weak in moisture and durability is low, and expensive pyrolysis pipe is necessary, which is very expensive as tens of millions.
The continuous radon detecting device using the PIN photodiode has a structure in which a solid pn junction optical semiconductor designed to have a wide depletion layer is used as a sensor to be positioned at the center of the inside of the chamber where light is blocked, , A bias voltage is applied between the radon and the radon so that the particles of the radon, which are charged with alpha particles and positive charges, collide with the surface of the sensor so that the particles collect ion charges generated in the depletion layer Lt; / RTI > The measured coefficient value is proportional to the concentration of radon.
Although the continuous radon detecting device using the PIN photodiode has an advantage of being insensitive to the external environment such as vibration, humidity and atmospheric pressure, since it is a 2D measuring method in which the particle must count against the sensor surface, The sensitivity is significantly lower than that of the ionization chamber, and the chambers have to be optically sealed, so that there is a disadvantage that an air inlet pump must be used. Also, in order to increase the sensitivity, optical semiconductor having a large surface area should be used.
Meanwhile, in recent years, a low-cost commercial-type radon detector has been developed and used, which is a PIN photodiode system, but employs a natural diffusion chamber in which air is introduced into a measurement chamber through fine holes without an air inlet pump, Pro3, the US product, and CANARY, a Norwegian product. These products are priced from $ 120 to $ 250, and the sensitivity is 0.02 to 0.03 CPM / pCi / l, which is much lower than the other methods, from 1/20 to 1/30. It is not used as a real-time indoor radon detector such as taking a long time, and it is mostly used as a simple measuring instrument instead of a passive integral type radon detector.
In the pulsed ionization chamber system, a probe-shaped electrode is installed in the center of a cylindrical box made of a metal having good air flow, a bias voltage is applied between the metal cylinder and the inner probe to form an electric field, , The alpha particles collide with air and disappear by collision with the air while advancing 3 to 4 cm. However, when the radiated ions are absorbed through the central probe and the signal is well amplified, This is the principle of measuring the concentration of radon in the atmosphere.
The pulsed ionization chamber is advantageous in that the sensor itself is made of a metal cylinder and a probe, and the production cost is very low, and the durability is good. Since the impedance is close to infinity and is sensitive to electrical noise, the measuring circuit can easily become unstable. Since the intensity of the ion charge signal current to be measured is a very low current of only several tens to several hundreds of fA (~ 10 -13 A) It is very difficult to design a measurement circuit with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because it is easily influenced by the leakage current flowing from the periphery of the electrode. In addition, measurement errors may occur due to vibration, electromagnetic waves, temperature / humidity, air pressure, and the like, which are peripheral environmental factors. For this reason, the ionization chamber has been used predominantly as an average dosimeter employing an integrated circuit that can easily eliminate noise rather than pulses in the field of radiation measurement.
For this reason, the manufacturing cost of the radon measuring apparatus using the pulsed ionization chamber is very inexpensive, but it is the key to solve instability such as electrical stability, noise, and correction of errors due to external environmental factors High stabilization and correction techniques are required and have been treated only as expensive professional equipment.
From the above, it is essential to continuously monitor the concentration of radon in the human body in real-time to improve the air quality of all indoor and outdoor living rooms, such as homes, multi-use facilities, schools and offices. Is the key to the problem. The passive integral radon meter is not real time, and the continuous radon detector is a professional equipment, the price is more than 2000 $, and it is not designed for wired / wireless communication network. In addition, the low cost radon measuring devices Pro3 and CANARY are so low that they can not be real-time because they are too sensitive and replace the passive integral type measuring instrument.
Therefore, the price is between 150 $ and 250 $, and the sensitivity is more than 0.3 cpm / pCi / l, which is more than 20 times higher than the current simple radon detector, Pro3, CANARY. A real-time continuous radon detection device capable of transmitting the measured values remotely is desperately needed because it is possible to obtain the concentration value and connect to the wired / wireless communication network.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an alpha particle detection module having a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Signal is obtained with a high sensitivity and the signal waveform analysis distinguishes only normal alpha particle detection signal to calculate a more accurate radon concentration value in real time so that it can measure the indoor radon concentration quickly and effectively while having high precision and high reliability And to provide a continuous radon detecting device.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for measuring a radon concentration in an ionization chamber by correcting measurement errors caused by external environmental factors such as vibrations, electromagnetic waves, temperature / humidity, Time continuous radon detecting device.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an alpha particle detection module using an ionization chamber and a differential amplifier, which are inexpensive metal cylinders, without using an expensive semiconductor sensor, thereby realizing a compact, low cost, .
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a real-time continuous radon detecting device capable of controlling the calculated radon concentration value to be transmitted to a preset user terminal or a server in real time using wired or wireless communication.
In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention is to provide a plasma processing apparatus capable of absorbing ionic charge generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Collapse in a radon gas contained in air introduced into an ionization chamber of a predetermined size, An alpha particle detection module for outputting a signal; And an electric signal output from the alpha particle detection module in real time to discriminate a normal or abnormal alpha particle detection signal by comparing and analyzing signal pattern information data according to a previously stored external noise signal type and a waveform, And a control module for counting the discriminated normal alpha particle detection signal and calculating a radon concentration value based on the counted number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal to be displayed on a display screen .
Here, the alpha particle detecting module may include an ionization chamber which is open at one side or covered with a wire net and has a plurality of holes formed in the outer circumference thereof to smoothly flow air, apply bias power to the surface to form an electric field therein; A main probe disposed at one end in the ionization chamber and absorbing the ion charge generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Disintegration in the ionization chamber; A guard ring part coupled to the other side of the ionization chamber so that the main probe part penetrates into the inside of the ionization chamber and to allow the leakage current generated between the ionization chamber and the main probe part to be absorbed and flowed to the ground side; An auxiliary probe disposed at one end of the guard ring and disposed in the ionization chamber and spaced apart from the main probe by a predetermined distance to allow ambient noise to flow therein; First and second preamplifiers connected to the other end of the main probe unit and the sub probe unit, respectively amplifying electric fine signals input from the main probe unit and the sub probe unit to a predetermined magnitude; And an output terminal of each of the first and second preamplifiers is connected to a non-inverting terminal (+) and an inverting terminal (-), respectively, and the voltage difference between the pre-amplified electric signals from the first and second pre- And a differential amplifier for canceling the noise signal and outputting an alpha particle detection signal.
Preferably, the bias power source applied to the surface of the ionization chamber may be a DC voltage ranging from 50V to 300V.
Preferably, the main probe unit may be provided to detect ionic charge generated by collision of air with airborne alpha particles generated when alpha (?) Collapse occurs in the ionization chamber.
Preferably, the length of the sub-probe is shorter than the length of the main probe.
Preferably, in the ionization chamber, the exposed region of the sub-probe may be disposed smaller than the exposed region of the main probe.
Preferably, the alpha particle detecting module includes: an ionization chamber which is open at one side or covered with a wire netting and has a plurality of holes formed in the outer circumferential surface thereof to facilitate air circulation and apply a bias power to the surface to form an electric field therein; A probe disposed at one end in the ionization chamber and absorbing the ion charge generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Disintegration in the ionization chamber; A guard ring part coupled to the other side of the ionization chamber so as to penetrate the probe part inwardly and to flow the leakage current generated between the ionization chamber and the probe part to the ground side; (DC) type leakage current flowing between the guard ring portion and the ground and flowing between the ionization chamber and the probe portion to the ground side, and detecting and outputting AC (Noise) A detection unit; First and second preamplifiers connected to the other end of the probe unit and the output terminal of the noise detection unit, respectively amplifying electric fine signals inputted from the probe unit and the noise detection unit to a predetermined magnitude; And an output terminal of each of the first and second preamplifiers is connected to a non-inverting terminal (+) and an inverting terminal (-), respectively, and the voltage difference between the pre-amplified electric signals from the first and second pre- And a differential amplifier for canceling the noise signal and outputting an alpha particle detection signal.
Preferably, the bias power source applied to the surface of the ionization chamber may be a DC voltage ranging from 50V to 300V.
Preferably, the probe unit may be provided to detect ionic charge generated by collision of air with the alpha particles generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Disintegration in the ionization chamber.
Preferably, the noise detector may include at least one active element of a resistor, a capacitor, and a diode electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.
Preferably, the humidity sensor module further includes a humidity sensor module installed in the vicinity of the ionization chamber to detect humidity around the humidity sensor module. The control module receives current humidity information data detected from the humidity sensor module in real time, Comparing the humidity information data with correction coefficient information according to a predetermined humidity, correcting an error due to humidity by reflecting a correction coefficient corresponding to the detected current humidity with respect to the number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal, The radon concentration value can be calculated based on the number of corrected normal alpha particle detection signals.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises an air pressure sensor module installed in the vicinity of the ionization chamber to detect a surrounding air pressure, wherein the control module receives current air pressure information data detected from the air pressure sensor module in real time, And corrects an error caused by the atmospheric pressure by reflecting a correction coefficient corresponding to the detected current atmospheric pressure with respect to the number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal by comparing the atmospheric pressure information data with a correction coefficient according to a preset atmospheric pressure, The radon concentration value can be calculated based on the number of normal alpha particle detection signals.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a vibration sensor module installed in the vicinity of the ionization chamber to detect vibration of the surroundings, wherein the control module is configured to receive current vibration information data detected from the vibration sensor module in real time, It is possible to control the reception of the alpha particle detection signal detected from the alpha particle detection module to be blocked for a predetermined period of time.
Preferably, the vibration sensor module may include a three-axis acceleration sensor that detects vibration in the vicinity using the change values in the X, Y, and Z directions.
The control module may further include an electromagnetic wave sensor module disposed near the ionization chamber for detecting an electromagnetic interference (EMI) emitted from the surroundings, wherein the control module is configured to detect current electromagnetic wave information data Is received in real time, and the reception of the alpha particle detection signal detected from the alpha particle detection module is interrupted for a preset time when it is larger than the predetermined electromagnetic wave tolerance reference value.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a temperature sensor module installed in the vicinity of the ionization chamber for detecting a temperature around the ionization chamber, wherein the control module receives current temperature information data detected from the temperature sensor module in real time, If it is larger than the reference value, the user can be controlled to warn the temperature warning visually or audibly.
Preferably, the control module may control the calculated radon concentration value to be transmitted to the predetermined user terminal or the server in real time using wired or wireless communication.
Preferably, the predetermined user terminal or the server receives the calculated radon concentration value from the control module and, based on at least one of the regional, (DB) and stored in a separate storage module and managed.
Preferably, the predetermined user terminal or the server receives the calculated radon concentration value from the control module and calculates a risk value according to at least one of the region, the location, the season, the time, the building, And map the risk information according to the evaluated criterion to the environment map information data stored in advance and display the risk information on the display screen.
According to the real-time continuous radon detecting apparatus of the present invention as described above, an alpha particle detecting signal having a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be obtained with high sensitivity using a double probe structured ionization chamber and a differential amplifier, By analyzing the normal alpha particle detection signal, it is possible to calculate the more accurate radon concentration value in real time, and it is possible to measure the indoor radon concentration quickly and effectively while having high sensitivity and high reliability.
According to the present invention, an alpha particle detection signal is obtained by using a double probe structured ionization chamber and a differential amplifier, and a measurement error due to an external environmental element (e.g., vibration, electromagnetic wave, temperature / humidity, Thereby realizing a real-time continuous radon detecting device having a high speed, high sensitivity, and high reliability while being small in size.
In addition, according to the present invention, by providing the alpha particle detection module using the dual probe structured ionization chamber and the differential amplifier, it is possible to effectively cancel the electric noise signal introduced from the outside and amplify only the ion signal due to the alpha decay, The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the ionization chamber is very high, so that the frequency of alpha decay in the ionization chamber can be accurately measured.
In addition, according to the present invention, since an expensive semiconductor sensor is replaced by an ionization chamber of a low-priced metal cylindrical shape, the manufacturing cost is very low, and it can be supplied to a nation-wide type so that it can occur in various underground facilities, schools, government offices, subways, The effect of the radon gas can be effectively prevented.
In addition, according to the present invention, the radon concentration value calculated from the control module can be controlled to be transmitted in real time to a predetermined user terminal or server through wired or wireless communication through the communication module. Therefore, , Buildings, and floors, depending on various conditions.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a real-time continuous radon detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
2 is a diagram illustrating a signal pattern according to an external noise signal type in order to analyze waveforms of characteristics of an alpha particle detection signal output from an alpha particle detection module applied to embodiments of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram illustrating the alpha particle detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view for explaining an ionization chamber applied to embodiments of the present invention.
5 is a graph showing the number of electrons collected on the anode according to the bias applied voltage supplied to the ionization chamber applied to the embodiments of the present invention.
6 is a block diagram for explaining the alpha particle detection module applied to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of a noise reduction result obtained by an oscilloscope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.
Terms including ordinals, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited to these terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Also, in certain cases, there may be a term selected arbitrarily by the applicant, in which case the meaning thereof will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding invention. Therefore, the term used in the present invention should be defined based on the meaning of the term, not on the name of a simple term, but on the entire contents of the present invention.
When an element is referred to as "including" an element throughout the specification, it is to be understood that the element may include other elements, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Also, the terms "part," " module, "and the like described in the specification mean units for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software .
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments of the present invention may be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an entire system for explaining a real-time continuous radon detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the characteristics of the alpha particle detecting signal output from the alpha particle detecting module applied to the embodiments of the present invention A signal pattern according to an external noise signal type for waveform analysis.
1 and 2, the real-time continuous radon detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an alpha
Here, the alpha
The alpha
FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining an ionization chamber applied to the embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross- 1 is a graph showing the number of electrons collected on an anode according to a bias applied voltage supplied to an ionization chamber applied to embodiments of the present invention.
3 to 4, the alpha
Here, the
A high voltage
The high voltage
The
The main probing
The
If the
The
It is preferable that the length of the
The input terminals of the first and
The output terminals of the first and
In other words, when the differential amplification is performed through the
6 is a block diagram for explaining the alpha particle detection module applied to another embodiment of the present invention.
6, an alpha particle detection module 100 'according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an ionization chamber 110', a probe 120 ', a guard ring 130', a noise detector 140 ' ', First and
Here, the ionization chamber 110 'is formed of a cylindrical conductive material whose one side is open or covered with a wire net. A plurality of holes 111 (see FIG. 4) are formed on the outer circumferential surface and / Since the air is flowed freely through the plurality of
A high voltage bias power supply 10 'is also applied to the surface of the ionization chamber 110' to form an electric field between the probe 120 'and the inner surface of the ionization chamber 110' in the ionization chamber 110 ' The probe 120 'can absorb the ion current generated during the alpha (alpha) collapse. Such an ionization chamber 110 'can be realized with simple and inexpensive construction, and has a three-dimensional measurement effect.
The high voltage bias power supply 10 'applied to the surface of the ionization chamber 110' also uses a stable DC voltage in the range of about 50 V to 300 V (preferably about 50 V to 150 V) It is a condition that an additional ionic charge can be effectively generated when the alpha decay occurs in the cathode (see FIG. 5). Meanwhile, the power supply (for example, voltage or current) supplied from the high-voltage bias power supply 10 'can be variously changed according to the measurement range, sensitivity, and the like.
The probe unit 120 'is made of a conductive material having an elongated bar shape so as to absorb ionic charges generated when alpha (?) Collapse due to radon (Rn) nuclide or the like occurs in the ionization chamber 110' Is disposed in the ionization chamber 110 ', and performs a function of absorbing the ionic charge generated in the alpha (alpha) collapse from the air introduced into the ionization chamber 110'.
The probe 120 'is preferably, but not exclusively, capable of detecting alpha particles generated upon collapse of alpha by radon (Rn) gas in the air introduced into the ionization chamber 110' And may be arranged to detect all radioactive gases emitting alpha (alpha) particles.
The guard ring 130 'is made of a cylindrical conductive material and is coupled to the other side of the ionization chamber 110' so that the probe 120 'penetrates into the inside of the guard ring 130'. The ionization chamber 110 ' 120 ', and flows the current to the ground side.
The noise detecting unit 140 'is electrically connected between the guard ring 130' and the ground and maintains the potential of the guard ring 130 'slightly higher than the ground so that the ionizing chamber 110' (DC) type leakage current generated between the first and second units 120 'to the ground side and detects an AC type noise to be output to a
Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, the
Preferably, the noise detector 140 'is formed by electrically connecting at least any one of active elements such as a resistor, a capacitor, and a diode electrically in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel .
The input terminals of the first and
The output terminals of the first and
In other words, differential amplification through the differential amplifier 160 'can effectively cancel the noise having the same phase flowing through the probe unit 120' and the noise detector 140 ', and the high-sensitivity low- The signal can be obtained accurately and quickly.
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of the results of the noise reduction effect according to the embodiments of the present invention measured by an oscilloscope. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the noise reduction using the double probe structured ionization chamber and the alpha particle detection module using the differential amplifier When the alpha particle is detected, the output waveform of the detection circuit (on the right side) and the output waveform of the detection circuit (on the left side) when the alpha particle is detected using a general ionization chamber and circuit are compared by an oscilloscope.
Referring to FIG. 7, it can be easily seen that the difference between the alpha particle detection signal and the background noise signal, that is, the signal-to-noise ratio, is greatly improved when the elements of the present invention are applied. This is the result of applying a dual probe structured ionization chamber and a differential amplifier to a pulsed ionization chamber type alpha particle detector.
The
The
At this time, the
The
In addition, the
The
The
Such a
The resistance type humidity sensor measures the humidity using a change in resistance which is changed by humidity. The resistance type humidity sensor is relatively more cost competitive than the capacitance type humidity sensor and is widely used.
However, in recent years, since the capacitance type humidity sensor can also be manufactured in the form of a one chip on a semiconductor substrate, the resistance value type humidity sensor can secure a price competitiveness advantage compared to the resistance type humidity sensor, and the use thereof is increasing. Particularly, the capacitance type humidity sensor is superior in reliability to the resistance type humidity sensor, and is advantageous in that the sensor characteristic is linear and less influenced by temperature.
Such a capacitive humidity sensor is a sensor using a principle in which the capacitance is changed according to the amount of water molecules adsorbed on the moisture-permeable membrane. The humidity-sensitive humidity-sensitive sensor is made of a material such as polyimide or ceramic, As a capacitor. That is, there is a humidity sensing layer, and the principle is that the moisture permeates through the humidity sensing layer, and the dielectric constant changes and the capacitance changes accordingly.
When the
That is, as the ambient humidity of the
At this time, the number of times of the error-corrected normal alpha particle detection signal can be obtained by multiplying the count of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal by a correction coefficient corresponding to the detected current humidity.
The air
The thermally conductive type air pressure sensor includes at least one thin film temperature sensor, heating means for raising the temperature of the thin film, and excitation means for vibrating the thin film in a thin film thermally separated from the substrate. Circuit is required. And to integrate all or a part of these circuits on a substrate. For example, when a semiconductor such as silicon (Si) is used as the substrate, an amplifier for amplifying an output signal from the temperature sensor, a driving circuit for heating means such as a thin film heater, a timing circuit for the exciting means, , A display circuit, and the like can be integrated on the same substrate. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a very compact, lightweight and compact thermoelectric-type air pressure sensor.
When the above-described air
That is, as the peripheral air pressure of the
At this time, the number of times of the error-corrected normal alpha particle detection signal can be obtained by multiplying the count of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal by a correction coefficient corresponding to the detected current air pressure.
On the other hand, when the
The
When the
The
Although not shown in the drawing, the
The signal processing unit converts the digital voltage value to a digital voltage value according to the level of the analog voltage value detected by the electromagnetic wave sensor, and converts the converted digital voltage value into a proper digital signal for the
When the electromagnetic
The
For example, the
When the
The
In addition, the
On the other hand, the
The Internet includes a plurality of services such as HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol), Telnet, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Domain Name System (DNS), Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Means a network structure of an open type worldwide that provides a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), a Network File Service (NFS), and a Network Information Service (NIS), and the
If the
The
The
On the other hand, the
For example, the
In particular, when the
Such an open-type operating system may include, for example, Symbian of NOKIA, BlackBerry of RIMS, iPhone of Apple, Microsoft's Windows Mobile, Google's Google Android, and Samsung's ocean.
As described above, since the smartphone uses an open operating system, a user can arbitrarily install and manage various application programs, unlike a mobile phone having a closed operating system.
That is, the smartphone basically includes a control unit, a memory unit, a screen output unit, a key input unit, a sound output unit, a sound input unit, a camera unit, a wireless network communication module, a near field wireless communication module, and a battery for power supply.
The controller is a generic term for controlling the operation of the smartphone, and includes at least one processor and an execution memory, and is connected to each functional unit provided in the smart phone through a bus.
The controller controls the operation of the smartphone by loading at least one program code included in the smartphone into the execution memory through the processor and calculating the result by transferring the result to at least one functional unit through the bus .
The memory unit is a general term of a non-volatile memory included in a smart phone, and stores and maintains at least one program code executed through the control unit and at least one data set in which the program code is used. The memory unit basically stores a system program code and a system data set corresponding to an operating system of a smartphone, a communication program code and a communication data set for processing a wireless communication connection of the smartphone, at least one application program code and an application data set , And the program code and data set for implementing the present invention are also stored in the memory unit.
The screen output unit is composed of a screen output device (e.g., an LCD, an LED device) and an output module for driving the screen output device. The screen output unit is connected to the control unit through a bus, And outputs it to the device.
The key input unit is composed of a key input device having at least one key button (or a touch screen device interlocked with the screen output unit) and an input module for driving the key input unit. The control unit is connected to the control unit via a bus, Or inputs data necessary for the operation of the control unit.
The sound output unit includes a speaker for outputting a sound signal and a sound module for driving the speaker. The sound output unit is connected to the control unit through a bus, and outputs a result of operation corresponding to the sound output from the various operation results of the control unit through the speaker . The sound module decodes sound data to be output through the speaker and converts the sound data into a sound signal.
The sound input unit includes a microphone for receiving a sound signal and a sound module for driving the microphone, and transmits the sound data input through the microphone to the control unit. The sound module encodes and encodes a sound signal input through the microphone.
The camera unit includes an optical unit, a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) and a camera module for driving the CCD unit, and obtains bitmap data input to the CCD through the optical unit. The bitmap data may include both still image data and moving image data.
The wireless network communication module is a collective term for communicating wireless communication and includes at least one antenna, an RF module, a baseband module, and a signal processing module for transmitting and receiving a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency band. And transmits the calculation result corresponding to the wireless communication among the various calculation results of the control unit through the wireless communication or receives the data through the wireless communication and transmits the data to the control unit, , Communication, and handoff procedures.
Also, the wireless network communication module includes a mobile communication structure for performing at least one of connection, location registration, call processing, call connection, data communication, and handoff to a mobile communication network according to the CDMA / WCDMA standard. Meanwhile, according to the intention of those skilled in the art, the wireless network communication module may further include a portable Internet communication structure for performing at least one of connection to the portable Internet, location registration, data communication, and handoff according to the IEEE 802.16 standard, It is evident that the present invention is not limited by the wireless communication configuration provided by the communication module.
The short-range wireless communication module is composed of a short-range wireless communication module that connects a communication session using a radio frequency signal as a communication medium within a predetermined distance. Preferably, the short-range wireless communication module includes RFID communication, Bluetooth communication, Wi- And wireless communication. The short-range wireless communication module may be integrated with the wireless network communication module.
In particular, when the
Although the preferred embodiment of the real-time continuous radon detecting apparatus according to the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited thereto. The present invention can be variously modified and embodied within the scope of the claims, And this also belongs to the present invention.
10, 10 ': bias power source,
100, 100 ': alpha particle detection module,
110, 110 ': ionization chamber,
120, 120 ': main probe unit, probe unit
130, 130 ': guard ring portion,
140, 140 ': auxiliary probe unit, noise detector
150a, 150a 'and 150b, 150b': first and second preamplifiers,
160, 160 ': Differential amplifier,
200: control module,
300: power supply module,
400: display module,
500: Humidity sensor module,
600: Pressure sensor module,
700: Vibration sensor module,
800: electromagnetic wave sensor module,
900: Temperature sensor module,
950: communication module,
1000: User terminal
Claims (19)
And an electric signal output from the alpha particle detection module is received in real time to discriminate a normal or abnormal alpha particle detection signal by comparing and analyzing the signal pattern information data according to the previously stored external noise signal type and the waveform, A control module for counting the discriminated normal alpha particle detection signal and calculating a radon concentration value based on the counted number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal to be displayed on a display screen,
Wherein the alpha particle detection module comprises:
An ionization chamber in which one side is open or covered with a wire mesh and a plurality of holes are formed in an outer circumferential surface to smoothly flow air and a bias power source is applied to the surface to form an electric field therein;
A main probe disposed at one end in the ionization chamber and absorbing the ion charge generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Disintegration in the ionization chamber;
A guard ring part coupled to the other side of the ionization chamber so that the main probe part penetrates into the inside of the ionization chamber and to allow the leakage current generated between the ionization chamber and the main probe part to be absorbed and flowed to the ground side;
An auxiliary probe disposed at one end of the guard ring and disposed in the ionization chamber and spaced apart from the main probe by a predetermined distance to allow ambient noise to flow therein;
First and second preamplifiers connected to the other ends of the main probe and the sub probe, respectively amplifying electrical fine signals input from the main probe and the sub probe to a predetermined magnitude; And
The output terminals of the first and second preamplifiers are connected to the non-inverting terminal (+) and the inverting terminal (-), respectively, and the voltage difference between the pre-amplified electric signals from the first and second pre- And a differential amplifier for canceling the noise signal and outputting an alpha particle detection signal.
Wherein the bias power applied to the surface of the ionization chamber is a DC voltage in the range of 50V to 300V.
Wherein the main probe is provided to detect an ion charge generated by collision of air with an alpha particle generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Collapse in the ionization chamber.
Wherein the length of the auxiliary probe is shorter than the length of the main probe.
Wherein an exposure region of the auxiliary probe in the ionization chamber is disposed smaller than an exposure region of the main probe.
And an electric signal output from the alpha particle detection module is received in real time to discriminate a normal or abnormal alpha particle detection signal by comparing and analyzing the signal pattern information data according to the previously stored external noise signal type and the waveform, A control module for counting the discriminated normal alpha particle detection signal and calculating a radon concentration value based on the counted number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal to be displayed on a display screen,
Wherein the alpha particle detection module comprises:
An ionization chamber in which one side is open or covered with a wire mesh and a plurality of holes are formed in an outer circumferential surface to smoothly flow air and a bias power source is applied to the surface to form an electric field therein;
A probe disposed at one end in the ionization chamber and absorbing the ion charge generated in the occurrence of alpha (?) Disintegration in the ionization chamber;
A guard ring part coupled to the other side of the ionization chamber so as to penetrate the probe part inwardly and to flow the leakage current generated between the ionization chamber and the probe part to the ground side;
(DC) type leakage current flowing between the guard ring portion and the ground and flowing between the ionization chamber and the probe portion to the ground side, and detecting and outputting AC (Noise) A detection unit;
First and second preamplifiers connected to the other end of the probe unit and the output terminal of the noise detection unit, respectively amplifying electric fine signals inputted from the probe unit and the noise detection unit to a predetermined magnitude; And
The output terminals of the first and second preamplifiers are connected to the non-inverting terminal (+) and the inverting terminal (-), respectively, and the voltage difference between the pre-amplified electric signals from the first and second pre- And a differential amplifier for canceling the noise signal and outputting an alpha particle detection signal.
Wherein the bias power applied to the surface of the ionization chamber is a DC voltage in the range of 50V to 300V.
Wherein the probe is provided to detect ionic charge generated by collision of air with the alpha particles generated when alpha collapse occurs in the ionization chamber.
Wherein the noise detector comprises at least one active element of a resistor, a capacitor, and a diode electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.
Further comprising a humidity sensor module installed in the vicinity of the ionization chamber for detecting the humidity of the surroundings,
Wherein the control module receives the current humidity information data detected from the humidity sensor module in real time and compares the detected current humidity information data with correction coefficient information according to a predetermined humidity to determine the number of times the counted normal alpha particle detection signal And corrects the error due to humidity by reflecting a correction coefficient corresponding to the detected current humidity, and calculates a radon concentration value based on the number of times of the error-corrected normal alpha particle detection signal. Detection device.
Further comprising an air pressure sensor module installed in the vicinity of the ionization chamber to detect a surrounding air pressure,
Wherein the control module receives current pressure data from the pressure sensor module in real time and compares the detected current pressure data with a correction coefficient according to a preset atmospheric pressure to determine the number of times of the counted normal alpha particle detection signal Wherein the radon concentration value is calculated based on the number of times of the error-corrected normal alpha particle detection signal by correcting an error caused by the atmospheric pressure by reflecting a correction coefficient corresponding to the detected current air pressure, Device.
Further comprising a vibration sensor module installed near the ionization chamber for detecting vibration of the surroundings,
Wherein the control module is configured to receive the current vibration information data detected from the vibration sensor module in real time so that reception of the alpha particle detection signal detected from the alpha particle detection module is blocked for a predetermined time when the vibration information is greater than a predetermined vibration- Time continuous radon detector.
Wherein the vibration sensor module includes a three-axis acceleration sensor that detects vibration in the vicinity using X, Y, and Z change values.
Further comprising an electromagnetic wave sensor module disposed near the ionization chamber and detecting an electromagnetic interference (EMI) emitted from the surroundings,
Wherein the control module is configured to receive the current electromagnetic wave information data detected from the electromagnetic wave sensor module in real time and to receive the alpha particle detection signal detected from the alpha particle detecting module for a predetermined time when the electromagnetic wave information data is larger than a predetermined electromagnetic wave tolerance reference value Time continuous radon detector.
Further comprising a temperature sensor module installed near the ionization chamber and detecting a temperature of the ambient temperature,
Wherein the control module controls the control module to warn the user of the temperature warning visually or audibly when the current temperature information data detected by the temperature sensor module is received in real time and is greater than a preset temperature tolerance reference value. Radon detection device.
Wherein the control module controls the calculated radon concentration value to be transmitted to the preset user terminal or the server in real time using wired or wireless communication.
The predetermined user terminal or server may receive the calculated radon concentration value from the control module and calculate the radon concentration value based on the calculated radon concentration value from a database (DB) according to at least one criterion of region, location, season, And storing and managing the radon in a separate storage module.
The predetermined user terminal or the server receives the calculated radon concentration value from the control module and evaluates the risk according to at least one criterion based on the region, location, season, time, building or floor based on the calculated radon concentration value And maps the risk information according to the evaluated criteria to pre-stored environment map information data and displays the result on a display screen.
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| CN109520892B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2024-01-30 | 南华大学 | Electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof |
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