CN109520892B - Electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof - Google Patents

Electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof Download PDF

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CN109520892B
CN109520892B CN201910058540.8A CN201910058540A CN109520892B CN 109520892 B CN109520892 B CN 109520892B CN 201910058540 A CN201910058540 A CN 201910058540A CN 109520892 B CN109520892 B CN 109520892B
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radon
test piece
plate body
test
temperature
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CN109520892A (en
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赵勇
雷林
李向阳
周星火
罗才武
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University of South China
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University of South China
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N2013/003Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof, which comprises a constant temperature box, wherein a test box is arranged in the constant temperature box, a supporting table is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the test box, a cylindrical test piece is arranged on the supporting table, connecting discs for realizing sealing and connection are respectively arranged at two ends of the test piece, and the connecting discs are detachably connected with the side wall of the test box; a first measuring space is formed between the two connecting discs and the inner wall of the test piece, a second measuring space is formed between the outer part of the test piece and the test box, a pressure supply system and a data acquisition system are respectively arranged in the second measuring space and the first measuring space, and a coupling device for providing an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field is also arranged in the constant temperature box. The invention provides a brand new method for testing radon and daughter diffusion and precipitation conditions of radon under the action of different direct current or alternating current voltages, temperatures and wind pressures, and provides a theoretical basis for excavation of disposal houses, underground engineering operation and radon reduction and control of radon in indoor closed spaces.

Description

Electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radiation protection and environmental protection, and particularly relates to an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof.
Background
The radiation of radioactive gas radon and daughter thereof is the main natural radiation suffered by uranium ores and underground staff, so that the staff is extremely easy to suffer from lung cancer, and radon control and radon reduction become important working contents of uranium ore radiation protection in China. In the underground chamber operation process, radon is required to be separated out and influenced by temperature change, ventilation pressure and a ground electric field, radon decays into a metal daughter with positive charges in the space migration process, so that the electric field can influence the migration state of radon daughter, radon migration in a closed space is necessarily influenced, only an electrostatic radon removing daughter device in a certain space is developed in the existing device, and researches on radon seepage separation change and related test devices under the combined action of a direct current or alternating current electric field, temperature and wind pressure are blank.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device comprises a constant temperature box for providing controllable temperature for a test piece, wherein a test box is arranged in the constant temperature box, a cylindrical test piece is erected in the test box, connecting discs for realizing sealing and connection are respectively arranged at two ends of the test piece, and the connecting discs are detachably connected with the side wall of the test box; a first measuring space is formed between the two connecting discs and the inner wall of the test piece, a second measuring space is formed between the outer part of the test piece and the test box, a pressure supply system and a data acquisition system are respectively arranged in the second measuring space and the first measuring space, and a coupling device for providing an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field is also arranged in the constant temperature box.
Preferably, the test box is fixed on the movable test platform through a fixing device, the fixing device comprises a first fixing baffle and a second fixing baffle which are identical in structure, the first fixing baffle comprises a first plate body and a second plate body which are vertically and fixedly connected to form an L shape, and mounting holes I used for connecting and fixing are respectively formed in the first plate body and the second plate body.
Preferably, the connecting disc is a lengthened fixing flange, the lengthened fixing flange comprises a cylinder, a circular clamping groove for clamping a test piece is formed in one end of the cylinder, a flange plate is fixed to the other end of the cylinder, and a plurality of mounting holes II which are uniformly distributed are formed in the flange plate.
Preferably, the test box comprises a plate body III and a plate body IV which are identical in structure, mounting holes III for penetrating cylinders of the lengthened fixing flange are formed in the middle parts of the plate body III and the plate body IV, mounting holes IV for being connected with the fixing device are formed in the lower parts of the plate body III and the plate body IV, a supporting table is arranged between the plate body III and the plate body IV, and two end faces of the supporting table are fixedly connected with the plate body III and the plate body IV respectively.
Preferably, the saddle is a cuboid supporting block, a boss is arranged in the middle of the supporting block, a semicircular bracket I for supporting a test piece is arranged in the middle of the boss, the shape of the semicircular bracket I is matched with the outer diameter of the test piece, semicircular brackets II for supporting a cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semicircular bracket I, and the shape of the semicircular bracket II is matched with the outer diameter of the cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange.
Preferably, the pressure supply system comprises an air storage tank, an inlet and an outlet of the air storage tank are connected with a first barometer, an air compressor and a vacuum pump, a first pressure reducing valve is arranged on a connecting pipe between the vacuum pump and the air storage tank, an outlet of the vacuum pump is further connected with a three-way diverter valve, an outlet of the diverter valve is respectively connected with a first stop valve and a second stop valve, and an outlet of the first stop valve and an outlet of the second stop valve are respectively communicated with a second measurement space and the first measurement space.
Preferably, the data acquisition system comprises a temperature sensor probe arranged in the test box, the temperature sensor probe is electrically connected with a digital display temperature sensor arranged outside the incubator, the data acquisition system further comprises a detection system I for acquiring radon content in a measurement space I and a detection system II for acquiring radon content in a measurement space II, the detection system II comprises a radon meter I, the radon meter I is communicated with a gas collection tank II, a flowmeter I and a pressure reducing valve III are arranged between the radon meter I and the gas collection tank II, a barometer II is arranged on the gas collection tank II, a pressure reducing valve II is further connected with an inlet and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve II, the inlet and the outlet of the pressure reducing valve II are respectively communicated with an inlet and an outlet of the stop valve III, a port of the pressure reducing valve II, which is far away from the gas collection tank II, is further connected with a stop valve IV and a filter I, the filter I is communicated with the measurement space II, and one end of the stop valve IV, which is far away from the filter I, is communicated with the atmosphere; the detection system I comprises a radon measuring instrument II which is communicated with a gas collecting tank I, a flow meter II and a pressure reducing valve III are arranged between the radon measuring instrument II and the gas collecting tank I, a pressure reducing valve IV is further connected to the gas collecting tank I, an inlet and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve IV are respectively communicated with an inlet and an outlet of a stop valve IV, a port of the pressure reducing valve IV, which is away from the gas collecting tank I, is further connected with a stop valve VI and a filter II, the filter II is communicated with a measurement space I, and one end port of the stop valve VI, which is away from the filter II, is communicated with the atmosphere.
Preferably, the coupling device comprises a voltage regulator and an intelligent wind speed and wind pressure tester, and the intelligent wind speed and wind pressure tester is respectively communicated with the outlets of the first stop valve and the second stop valve and the outlets of the second filter and the first filter; the two ports of the voltage regulator are respectively connected with arc-shaped voltage arc porous plates, and the two voltage arc porous plates are respectively stuck to two opposite surfaces of the test piece in the circumferential direction.
Compared with the prior art, the electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device provided by the invention combines the characteristic that radon decays to become charged metal daughter by considering the actual working environment of uranium mine workers in the process of underground disposal warehouse and chamber excavation and the environment condition of radon released by indoor radon-containing materials, and utilizes the electric field to control the radon migration state so as to influence radon migration and precipitation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the test device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an auxiliary mounting device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a pressure supply system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a coupling device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a structure of a specimen fixing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a data acquisition system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an elongated mounting flange of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a state of use of the voltage arc perforated plate of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a radon measuring instrument I; 2. a first flowmeter; 3. a pressure reducing valve III; 4. a second barometer; 5. a pressure reducing valve II; 6. a stop valve III; 7. a stop valve IV; 8. a first filter; 9. a constant temperature box; 10. lengthening the fixed flange; 11. a voltage arc porous plate; 12. a support; 13. a test piece; 14. a first bolt; 15. a stop valve I; 16. a vacuum pump; 17. a voltage regulator; 18. a first pressure reducing valve; 19. an air compressor; 20. a barometer I; 21. an air storage tank; 22. an intelligent wind speed and pressure tester; 23. a digital display temperature sensor; 24. a second stop valve; 25. a second filter; 26. a stop valve six; 27. a stop valve V; 28. a first gas collection tank; 29. a pressure reducing valve V; 30. a second flowmeter; 31. a radon measuring instrument II; 32. a second gas collection tank; 33. a third barometer; 34. a pressure reducing valve IV; 35. a first cylinder; 36. a first piston rod; 37. a test chamber; 38. an inner lip seal; 39. a piston rod II; 40. a second cylinder; 41. a second bolt; 42. a horizontal bracket I; 43. a first fixed baffle; 44. a third plate body; 45. a movable test platform; 46. a plate body IV; 47. a second fixed baffle; 48. a horizontal bracket II; 49. a third bolt; 50. a side wall of the test chamber; 51. a clamping groove; 52. an outer lip seal; 53. a temperature sensor probe.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and a daughter diffusing and transporting device thereof, and the invention is described below with reference to the structural schematic diagrams of fig. 1 to 8.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof comprises an incubator 9 for providing a controllable temperature for a test piece 13, wherein a test box 37 is arranged in the incubator 9, a cylindrical test piece 13 is erected in the test box 37, two ends of the test piece 13 are respectively provided with a connecting disc for realizing sealing and connection, and the connecting discs are detachably connected with the side wall of the test box 37; a first measuring space is formed between the two connecting discs and the inner wall of the test piece 13, a second measuring space is formed between the outer part of the test piece 13 and the test box 37, a pressure supply system and a data acquisition system are respectively arranged in the second measuring space and the first measuring space, and a coupling device for providing an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field is also arranged in the constant temperature box 9.
Further, the test chamber 37 is fixed on the movable test platform 45 through a fixing device, the fixing device comprises a first fixing baffle plate 43 and a second fixing baffle plate 47 which are identical in structure, the first fixing baffle plate 43 comprises a first plate body and a second plate body which are vertically and fixedly connected to form an L shape, and mounting holes I for connecting and fixing are respectively formed in the first plate body and the second plate body.
Further, the connecting disc is an elongated fixing flange 10, the elongated fixing flange 10 comprises a cylinder, a circular clamping groove 51 for clamping the test piece 13 is formed in one end of the cylinder, a flange is fixed to the other end of the cylinder, and a plurality of mounting holes II which are uniformly distributed are formed in the flange.
Further, the test box 37 includes a third plate 44 and a fourth plate 46 with the same structure, the middle parts of the third plate 44 and the fourth plate 46 are provided with a third mounting hole for penetrating the cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange 10, the lower parts of the third plate 44 and the fourth plate 46 are provided with a fourth mounting hole for connecting with a fixing device, a supporting table 12 is arranged between the third plate 44 and the fourth plate 46, and two end faces of the supporting table 12 are respectively fixedly connected with the third plate 44 and the fourth plate 46.
Further, the saddle 12 is a rectangular support block, a boss is arranged in the middle of the support block, a semicircular bracket I for supporting the test piece 13 is arranged in the middle of the boss, the shape of the semicircular bracket I is matched with the outer diameter of the test piece 13, semicircular brackets II for supporting the cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange 10 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semicircular bracket I, and the shape of the semicircular bracket II is matched with the outer diameter of the cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange 10.
Further, the pressure supply system comprises an air storage tank 21, an inlet and an outlet of the air storage tank 21 are connected with a first barometer 20, an air compressor 19 and a vacuum pump 16, a first pressure reducing valve 18 is arranged on a connecting pipe between the vacuum pump 16 and the air storage tank 21, an outlet of the vacuum pump 16 is further connected with a three-way flow dividing valve, an outlet of the flow dividing valve is respectively connected with a first stop valve 15 and a second stop valve 24, and outlets of the first stop valve 15 and the second stop valve 24 are respectively communicated with a second measurement space and the first measurement space.
Further, the data acquisition system comprises a temperature sensor probe 53 arranged in the test box 37, the temperature sensor probe 53 is electrically connected with a digital display temperature sensor 23 arranged outside the incubator 9, the data acquisition system further comprises a detection system I for acquiring radon content in the measurement space I and a detection system II for acquiring radon content in the measurement space II, the detection system II comprises a radon meter I1, the radon meter I1 is communicated with a gas collection tank II 32, a flow meter I2 and a pressure reducing valve III 3 are arranged between the radon meter I1 and the gas collection tank II 32, a gas meter II 4 is arranged on the gas collection tank II 32, a pressure reducing valve II 5 is also connected to an inlet and an outlet of the stop valve III 6, a port of the pressure reducing valve II 5, which is far away from the gas collection tank II 32, is also connected with a stop valve IV 7 and a filter I8, the filter I8 is communicated with the measurement space II, and one end of the stop valve IV 7, which is far away from the filter I8, is communicated with atmosphere; the first detection system comprises a second radon detector 31, the second radon detector 31 is communicated with the first gas collection tank 28, a second flowmeter 30 and a fifth pressure reducing valve 29 are arranged between the second radon detector 31 and the first gas collection tank 28, a third barometer 33 is arranged on the first gas collection tank 28, a fourth pressure reducing valve 34 is further connected to the first gas collection tank 28, an inlet and an outlet of the fourth pressure reducing valve 34 are respectively communicated with an inlet and an outlet of a fifth stop valve 27, a sixth stop valve 26 and a second filter 25 are further connected to a port of the fourth pressure reducing valve 34, which is far away from the first gas collection tank 28, the second filter 25 is communicated with the first measurement space, and one end port of the sixth stop valve 26, which is far away from the second filter 25, is communicated with the atmosphere.
Further, the coupling device comprises a voltage regulator 17 and an intelligent wind speed and wind pressure measuring instrument 22, wherein the intelligent wind speed and wind pressure measuring instrument 22 is respectively communicated with the outlets of the first stop valve 15 and the second stop valve 24, and the outlets of the second filter 25 and the first filter 8; the two ports of the voltage regulator 17 are respectively connected with arc-shaped voltage arc perforated plates 11, as shown in fig. 8, and the two voltage arc perforated plates 11 are respectively attached to two opposite surfaces of the test piece 13 in the circumferential direction.
The invention relates to a collection testing device for radon release materials to release radon under the actions of different alternating voltages, temperatures and wind pressures, and the testing system mainly comprises a pressure supply system, a coupling device and a data acquisition system.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 to 6, the pressure supply system mainly extracts vacuum from the first measurement space and the second measurement space and provides stable wind pressure for experiments to ensure that the initial conditions of each experiment are the same, and radon is separated out under the action of controllable wind pressure, and the specific devices comprise a first stop valve 15, a vacuum pump 16, a first pressure reducing valve 18, an air compressor 19, a first barometer 20, an air storage tank 21 and a second stop valve 24.
The air storage tank 21 is connected with a vacuum pump 16, a first barometer 20 and an air compressor 19, and a pressure reducing valve 18 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the vacuum pump 16 and the air storage tank 21.
The coupling device mainly provides controllable voltage, temperature and wind pressure for experiments and specifically comprises an incubator 9, a voltage regulator 17 and an air compressor 19.
Wherein the oven 9 is a drop type oven.
Wherein, two voltage circular arc perforated plates 11 paste respectively on two opposite faces of test piece 13 circumferencial direction, can effectively guarantee that voltage circular arc perforated plate 11 only applys voltage to test piece 13, and the equipartition has a plurality of diameters to be 0.5 millimeter's round hole on the voltage circular arc perforated plate 11, and the interval of two hole centre of a circle is 1 millimeter, can guarantee to applys the in-process of voltage, does not influence the test piece radon and separates.
Wherein, one end of the lengthened fixed flange 10 is provided with a clamping groove, and the other end of the lengthened fixed flange can be fixed on the outer side of the test box 37 by a first bolt 14, so that the test piece 13 can be effectively fixed, and the test temperature is determined by the temperature of the constant temperature box 9 outside the test box 37.
The bottom of the test box 37 is a supporting table 12 made of acrylic materials, a gas collecting space is reserved on the upper portion of the test box 37, the side wall of the test box is provided with a sufficient thickness fixing and lengthening fixing flange 10, test voltage is provided by a voltage regulator 17 and a voltage arc perforated plate 11, two paths of test box 37 pipelines are arranged, one path is used for measuring radon content in a second measuring space of the upper space of the test box 37, and the other path is used for measuring radon content in a first measuring space of the inside of a test piece.
Wherein, test box 37 length 90 centimetres, wide height are 80 centimetres, and its top cap is dismantled, has the sealing washer above the top cap, and the position that the test box 37 thick wall corresponds has the recess, and when the top cap lid was on to test box 37, the sealing washer was impressed in the recess, was beaten round even screw and wire hole along top cap and test box 37 roof, relied on powerful bolt to closely install upper cover and test box 37 together.
The test piece 13 is arranged in the test box 37, the test piece 13 is a cylindrical uranium-containing cement column, the outer diameter of the cement column is 20cm, the inner diameter of the cement column is 10cm, the length of the cement column is 60cm, the two ends of the cement column are sealed by the lengthened fixing flange 10 with the sealing ring, and the flange is connected with an air inlet and outlet pipe.
The first measuring space in the test chamber 37 is sealed by applying stress to the end face of the test piece 13 by the lengthened fixing flange 10 fixed on the test chamber 37, and sealing the end face of the test piece 13 by using the adhesive smeared on the test piece 13. The second measuring space is sealed by an inner lip-shaped sealing ring 38 and an outer lip-shaped sealing ring 52 which are fixed on a third plate body 44 and a fourth plate body 46, and is sealed by a top cover with sealing rings.
Wherein, the temperature in the test box 37 is controlled by the incubator 9, the voltage is controlled by the voltage regulator 17, the wind pressure is provided by the air compressor 19, the first pressure reducing valve 18 is controlled, the test box 37 is fixed on the movable platform 45, and the test piece 13 and the test box 37 are pushed into the incubator 9 by the movable platform 45 after being assembled.
One of the two air inlet and outlet ports is connected to two ends of the test piece 13, so that radon content change in the hollow test piece 13 under the coupling action of alternating or direct current electric field, temperature and wind pressure can be obtained, radon migration change rules in the tunnel under the combined action of voltage, temperature and wind pressure in the underground tunnel chamber excavation process can be simulated, and the other air inlet and outlet port is connected to two ends of the test box 37, radon content change outside the test piece 13 under the coupling action of voltage, temperature and wind pressure can be obtained, and radon migration change rules in the indoor closed space after radon source is released can be simulated.
The data acquisition system measures the radon content of the gas in the two pipelines and the pressure difference of the gas flowing in and out of the two ends of the test piece, and a filter is arranged at the gas outlet of the two pipelines, so that the water vapor and dust carried out of the test piece can be effectively filtered, and the pipeline valve is protected.
The data acquisition system is used for acquiring and measuring radon-containing gas, the radon-containing gas firstly passes through a pressure reducing valve to be reduced in pressure and then enters a gas collecting tank, then passes through the pressure reducing valve to be subjected to secondary accurate pressure control and then enters the radon-measuring instrument, a bypass is arranged on the gas acquisition device and the pressure reducing valve, the gas in a test piece can be effectively emptied and the gas collecting tank is vacuumized, a barometer is arranged on the gas collecting tank, the pressure in the gas collecting tank can be intuitively monitored, the pressure reducing valve is arranged in front of the flowmeter, the flow rate and the pressure of the gas entering the radon-measuring instrument can be accurately controlled, the function of protecting the radon-measuring instrument is realized, after the pressure in the gas collecting tank is stable and unchanged, the pressure reducing valve at the front section of the flowmeter is opened, the pressure is regulated to 0.1MPa, and the gas enters the radon-measuring instrument.
Wherein, the connection relation of the air supply system is shown as follows:
after the vacuum pump 16 vacuumizes the first measurement space and the second measurement space, the air compressor 19 provides air pressure, air with certain pressure is filled into the air storage tank 21, the air pressure value can be monitored by the air pressure meter one 20, when the air pressure reaches a certain value, the pressure reducing valve one 18 is adjusted to a certain pressure value, the stop valve two 24 and the stop valve one 15 are opened, air with certain pressure is filled into the test piece 13 and the test piece outside, a pipeline connected with the stop valve one 15 is filled with air with certain pressure into the measurement space two, and a pipeline connected with the stop valve two 24 is filled with air with pressure into the measurement space one.
The air inlet is two paths of air inlet, the sealing is achieved through colloid sealing at two ends of the test piece 13 and lip-shaped sealing rings, and the top cover of the test box is sealed through sealing rings and screws uniformly distributed along the top cover. The inferior gram force board of wall thickness 10cm, end thickness 50cm is adopted to test box 37 box, and the thick wall is convenient for top cap and extension flange screw tightening seal, and the box boss adopts the diameter to be 23cm semicircular groove, and the test piece diameter is 20cm, can make things convenient for the test piece installation, and test box 37 heating adopts the temperature control of thermostated container 9.
The two aluminum voltage arc perforated plates 11 are arranged on the test box 37, the voltage between the two voltage arc perforated plates 11 is controlled by the voltage regulator 17, the voltage between 0 and 220V is adjustable, the pressure difference between the two ends of the test piece 13 and the pressure difference between the two ends of the test box 37 are measured by the intelligent wind speed and wind pressure measuring instrument 22 connected with the two ends of the test piece 13.
The gas flows out of the test box and then enters the first filter 8 and the second filter 25, water and granular matters carried out from the test box 37 are filtered, the pressure reducing valve II 5 and the pressure reducing valve IV 34 are adjusted to be standard atmospheric pressure, the pressure in the gas collecting tank II 32 and the gas collecting tank I28 are detected through the pressure meter II 4 and the pressure meter III 33 respectively, when the pressure in the gas collecting tank is stable, the pressure reducing valve III 3 and the pressure reducing valve V29 are opened, the gas outlet end of the pressure reducing valve is set to be 0.1Mpa, the flow through the radon measuring instrument I1 and the radon measuring instrument II 31 is measured through the flow meter II 30, and the air storage tank 21 in the device is in balance pipeline air pressure effect.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the auxiliary mounting device includes a first cylinder 35, a first piston rod 36, a second piston rod 39, a second cylinder 40, a second bolt 41, a first horizontal bracket 42, a first fixed baffle 43, a third plate 44, a movable test platform 45, a fourth plate 46, a second fixed baffle 47, a second horizontal bracket 48, and a third bolt 49. The first horizontal bracket 42 is provided with a second horizontally placed cylinder 40, the first horizontal bracket 42 is fixed by a second bolt 41, the second horizontal bracket 48 is provided with a first horizontally placed cylinder 35, the second horizontal bracket 48 is fixed by a third bolt 49, and the first cylinder 35 and the second cylinder 40 are respectively placed on two sides of the test chamber 37. When the auxiliary mounting device is used for mounting the test piece, as shown in fig. 2, the test piece 13 is pushed into the test box 37 from one end of the test box 37, a joint part of about 20cm is reserved, sealant is filled in the joint part of the test piece 13, and a sealing ring in a groove of the lengthened flange joint is combined, so that the test piece 13 and the lengthened flange 10 are tightly adhered, after the adhesion is stable, the other end of the test piece 13 is exposed by about 20cm, the end face of the test piece 13 is glued and sealed by using a piston rod II 39 of a cylinder II 40, the test piece 13 is put into the test box 37 by using a piston rod I36 of a cylinder I35, the flange is fixed to the box body of the test box 37 by using a bolt I14, and a top cover part of the test box 37 is fixed on the test box 37 by using a sealing ring and long hole screws uniformly distributed along the edge of the top cover.
Preparation before testing
1. Test piece 13 preparation: cutting into two semicircular pipes with the length of 60cm and the diameter of 20cm along the length direction, smearing butter on the inside of the pipes, smearing butter on the outside of the pipes with the length of 90cm and the diameter of 10cm, clamping an outer pipe with the diameter of 20cm by using two semicircular iron hoop sheets with bolts, uniformly mixing water, sand, cement, silica fume and iron powder according to the mass ratio of 0.325:0.8:1:0.13:0.25, filling the mixture into the space between the two pipes with the diameter of 20cm of the outer pipe and the diameter of 10cm of the inner pipe, vibrating and forming, ensuring that the two end faces of a test piece 13 are smooth, and obtaining the test piece 13 after the cement dries and forms.
2. And (3) test piece installation: pushing a piston rod I36 by using a cylinder I35, pushing the test piece 13 onto the test box tray 12 through the lengthened flange hole, smearing sealant on the end face of the test piece 13, tightly attaching the end face of the lengthened flange to the end face of the test piece 13, completely drying the sealant, pushing the test piece 13 out of the test box 37 by using the piston rod I36 of the cylinder I35, exposing the end face of the other end of the test piece 13, smearing sealant on the end face, tightly attaching the other end of the lengthened flange 10 to the end face of the test piece 13, completely drying the sealant, pushing the test piece 13 into the test box 37 by using a piston rod 39 of a cylinder 40, and fixing the lengthened flange to the wall of the test box 37 by using bolts. After the test piece 13 is installed, the movable test platform 45 is used for pushing the test box 37 into the falling type constant temperature box 9 for fixing, and pipelines among the test box 37, the air supply system and the data acquisition system are connected.
3. Checking the air tightness of the device: and (3) smearing soapy water on the end surface of the lengthened flange 10, which is contacted with the test piece 13, and the air inlet and outlet holes of the test box 37, opening the air compressor 19 to charge 0.4MPa of air into the air storage tank 21, setting the pressure of the air outlet end of the first pressure reducing valve 18 to be 0.2MPa, observing whether bubbles are generated, smearing sealant again if the bubbles are generated, and wrapping the raw material tape for sealing.
The test process comprises the following steps:
1. degassing: all the pressure reducing valves are closed, the three atmosphere shutoff valves 7 and the six shutoff valves 26 are opened, the first shutoff valve 15 connected with the vacuum pump 16 is opened, the second shutoff valve 24 is opened, vacuum is pumped to the second measuring space, the first measuring space and the pipeline thereof, and the vacuum pump 16 is closed after a period of time.
2. And (3) inflation: and opening the first stop valve 15 and the second stop valve 24, opening the air compressor 19 to charge air with the pressure of 0.2Mpa into the air storage tank 21, and then setting the first air inlet pressure reducing valve 18 of the pressure supply system to apply the air pressure of 0.1Mpa to the test piece 13. In the same process, the air storage tank 21 can be filled with pressures of 0.3Mpa, 0.4Mpa, 0.5Mpa, 0.6Mpa, 0.7Mpa and 0.8Mpa, and corresponding wind pressures of 0.2Mpa, 0.3Mpa, 0.4Mpa, 0.5Mpa, 0.6Mpa and 0.7Mpa can be applied to the test piece 13.
3. Coupling setting: when the temperature of the constant temperature box 9 and the temperature sensor 23 to be displayed is constant within five minutes, the voltage regulator 17 and the intelligent wind speed and pressure tester 22 are turned on, the voltage between 0 and 220V is applied to the test piece 13, the range between 0 and 36V is mainly inspected, the range between room temperature and 65 ℃ is mainly inspected, and the pressure difference between the two ends of the test piece 13 and the two ends of the test box 37 is measured.
4. Radon content determination: opening a pressure reducing valve II 5 of the data acquisition system, opening a pressure reducing valve III 3 connected with a radon measuring instrument II 31 when the pressure of gas in a gas collecting tank II 32 and a gas collecting tank I28 of the data acquisition system reaches the pressure reducing valve II 5, opening a pressure reducing valve III 3 connected with the radon measuring instrument II 31, measuring the radon content change in the gas by a pressure reducing valve V29, and closing the radon measuring instrument I1 and the radon measuring instrument II 31 when the accumulated flow reaches a certain value, and ending the test.
Wherein, relief pressure valve three 3 and relief pressure valve five 29 are used for accurate control of secondary entering radon measuring instrument's gas pressure.
The second barometer 4 and the third barometer 33 are respectively used for feeding back the gas pressure of the second gas collecting tank 32 and the first gas collecting tank 28.
According to the electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof, radon migration rules under the action of indoor wind pressure and temperature after radon materials in a chamber are released can be simulated, underground disposal warehouse excavation and uranium mine staff actual working environment conditions are considered, radon precipitation in underground chamber operation is influenced by temperature change, ventilation pressure and a ground electric field, radon decay is utilized to become charged metal daughter, radon migration states are controlled by utilizing the electric field, radon migration and precipitation are further influenced, a simpler and safer brand-new method is provided for analysis of radon and daughter diffusion precipitation conditions under the action of different voltages, temperatures and wind pressures to a certain extent, theoretical basis is provided for radon precipitation control in disposal warehouse excavation and underground engineering operation, and meanwhile, the device has great application value, and also provides references for research of indoor space migration by considering the influence of temperature change and ventilation pressure on radon precipitation in indoor closed space.
The foregoing disclosure is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations within the scope of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. The electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device is characterized by comprising an incubator (9) for providing a test piece (13) with controllable temperature, wherein a test box (37) is arranged in the incubator (9), a cylindrical test piece (13) is erected in the test box (37), connecting discs for realizing sealing and connection are respectively arranged at two ends of the test piece (13), and the connecting discs are detachably connected with the side wall of the test box (37); a first measurement space is formed between the two connecting discs and the inner wall of the test piece (13), a second measurement space is formed between the outside of the test piece (13) and the test box (37), a pressure supply system and a data acquisition system are respectively arranged in the second measurement space and the first measurement space, and a coupling device for providing an electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field is also arranged in the constant temperature box (9);
the pressure supply system comprises an air storage tank (21), an inlet and an outlet of the air storage tank (21) are connected with a first barometer (20), an air compressor (19) and a vacuum pump (16), a first pressure reducing valve (18) is arranged on a connecting pipe between the vacuum pump (16) and the air storage tank (21), an outlet of the vacuum pump (16) is also connected with a three-way flow dividing valve, an outlet of the flow dividing valve is respectively connected with a first stop valve (15) and a second stop valve (24), and outlets of the first stop valve (15) and the second stop valve (24) are respectively communicated with a second measurement space and the first measurement space;
the data acquisition system comprises a temperature sensor probe (53) arranged in a test box (37), the temperature sensor probe (53) is electrically connected with a digital display temperature sensor (23) arranged outside the incubator (9), the data acquisition system further comprises a detection system for acquiring radon content in a first measurement space and a detection system for acquiring radon content in a second measurement space, the detection system comprises a first radon measuring instrument (1), the first radon measuring instrument (1) is communicated with a second air collecting tank (32), a first flowmeter (2) and a third pressure reducing valve (3) are arranged between the first radon measuring instrument (1) and the second air collecting tank (32), a second barometer (4) is arranged on the second air collecting tank (32), an inlet and an outlet of the second pressure reducing valve (5) are respectively communicated with an inlet and an outlet of the third pressure reducing valve (6), the second pressure reducing valve (5) is far away from a first filter (8) and a fourth filter (8) of the first air collecting tank (32), and the fourth filter (8) is further communicated with one end of the fourth filter (8) of the first air collecting tank (8); the first detection system comprises a radon measuring instrument II (31), the radon measuring instrument II (31) is communicated with a gas collection tank I (28), a flow meter II (30) and a pressure reducing valve III (29) are arranged between the radon measuring instrument II (31) and the gas collection tank I (28), a gas pressure meter III (33) is arranged on the gas collection tank I (28), a pressure reducing valve IV (34) is further connected to the gas collection tank I (28), an inlet and an outlet of the pressure reducing valve IV (34) are respectively communicated with an inlet and an outlet of a stop valve IV (27), a port of the pressure reducing valve IV (34) away from the gas collection tank I (28) is further connected with a stop valve VI (26) and a filter II (25), the filter II (25) is communicated with a measurement space I, and one end port of the stop valve VI (26) away from the filter II (25) is communicated with the atmosphere;
the coupling device comprises a voltage regulator (17) and an intelligent wind speed and wind pressure tester (22), wherein the intelligent wind speed and wind pressure tester (22) is respectively communicated with the outlets of the first stop valve (15) and the second stop valve (24), and the outlets of the second filter (25) and the first filter (8); two ends of the voltage regulator (17) are respectively connected with arc-shaped voltage arc perforated plates (11), and the two voltage arc perforated plates (11) are respectively attached to two opposite surfaces of the test piece (13) in the circumferential direction.
2. An electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the test box (37) is fixed on a movable test platform (45) through a fixing device, the fixing device comprises a first fixing baffle (43) and a second fixing baffle (47) which are identical in structure, the first fixing baffle (43) comprises a first plate body and a second plate body which are vertically and fixedly connected in an L shape, and mounting holes for connecting and fixing are respectively formed in the first plate body and the second plate body.
3. The electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device of the radon, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connecting disc is an elongated fixing flange (10), the elongated fixing flange (10) comprises a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is provided with a circular clamping groove (51) for clamping a test piece (13), the other end of the cylinder is fixed with a flange, and the flange is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed mounting holes II.
4. An electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device thereof according to claim 3, wherein the test box (37) comprises a plate body three (44) and a plate body four (46) which are identical in structure, mounting holes three for penetrating cylinders of the lengthened fixing flange (10) are formed in the middle of the plate body three (44) and the plate body four (46), mounting holes four for being connected with a fixing device are formed in the lower portions of the plate body three (44) and the plate body four (46), a supporting table (12) is arranged between the plate body three (44) and the plate body four (46), and two end faces of the supporting table (12) are fixedly connected with the plate body three (44) and the plate body four (46) respectively.
5. The electric field-temperature-wind pressure coupling field radon and daughter diffusion migration device according to claim 4, wherein the supporting table (12) is a rectangular supporting block, a boss is arranged in the middle of the supporting block, a semicircular supporting groove I for supporting the test piece (13) is arranged in the middle of the boss, the shape of the semicircular supporting groove I is matched with the outer diameter of the test piece (13), semicircular supporting grooves II for supporting the cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange (10) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the semicircular supporting groove I, and the shape of the semicircular supporting groove II is matched with the outer diameter of the cylinder of the lengthened fixing flange (10).
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