KR101716798B1 - A method and an apparatus for continuously separating water hyacinth - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuously separating upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of water hyacinth using difference in specific gravity. More particularly, the present invention relates to a separation method for continuously performing harvesting, cutting, fractionation, compression and dehydration of water hyacinth. In addition, the present invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method. Since the apparatus is movable, it can be mounted on the waterfront (riverside, lakeside, etc.), so that the bulky water- It is characterized by enabling harvesting, cutting, fractionation, squeezing and dehydration stages after raw harvesting to enable raw materials.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuous separation of water hyacinth,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously separating upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of water hyacinth using difference in specific gravity, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for continuously harvesting, cutting, And a device for performing the separation method.

Various environmental problems arise due to industrial development, urbanization and continuous regional development. Proper management of such environmental problems and improvement and preservation of the environment of the whole country are essential elements for the happiness of the people. Especially, non-polluted water flowing from urban and industrial complexes and organic pollution water generated from facility farms and livestock farms flow into main rivers and reservoirs, and accumulate inorganic wastewater, inorganic nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, (HJ, Lee, MK, Lee, MG, Kim, SH, Yang, JH and Kim, MS, Park, SH, Kim, TS, Contamination characteristics of agricultural groundwater around livestock burial areas in Korea, The journal of engineering geology 24 (2): 237-246 (2014). In order to cope with such representative water pollution and to minimize eutrophication of river water, Although research and development has been carried out on methods, since they are introduced from non-point sources, additional facilities are needed for a wide range, It is difficult to respond to realistic responses due to the additional enforcement of energy and management costs.Therefore, interest in environmentally friendly and low-cost water purification methods is getting more and more popular. As a representative method of purification of environment-friendly water, The water hyacinth is a freshwater aquatic plant belonging to the genus Aquamarina and Acornia spp. (Lee, JS, Ability of Water Quality Remediation), which can be used for this purpose. Using the Ornamental water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes ) of water Floating Plant, Flower Res J. 14 (2):... 104-110 (2006) is known to be particularly excellent in water purification function actual water hyacinth is COD, NH ₄ -N , PO ₄ -P, etc. (Kim, BY, Lee, JS and Kim, JH, Survey on Nutrient Rem Oval Potential and Growth State of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) at Seo-Ho, Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture 17 (2): 145-149 (1998)), especially effective for the removal of synthetic detergents including nitrogen and phosphorus, As a result of the experiment of salt removal efficiency, it has been reported that the removal rate of nitrogen is 70 ~ 80% and phosphorus is 40 ~ 50% (Jun, MS and Kim, BC, Nutrient Removal Potential of water Hyacinth Cultured in Nutrient- Enriched Water and Swinery Wastewater, Korean Journal of Environmental Biology 17 (1): 117124 (1999)). In this study, we investigated the effect of water purification on the water quality of the water hyacinth, which was used for the purification of livestock wastewater (Moon, B., H., Utilization of water hyacinth for livestock wastewater purification, Korea swine Journal 11 (122): 100-103 , B., Y., Kim, K., S., Park, Y., D., Studies on the Nutrient Removal Potential of Selected Aquatic Plants (2006)), and the use of the sewage sludge (Kim, CS, Ko, JY, Lee, JS, Park, ST, Ku, YC and Kang, Effects of Sewage Treatment Process (Chung, JR, Ryu, HI and Ryu, JK, Effects of Heavy Metals on the Beware Treatment Process (2008), Pollutants in Raw Sewage Treatment, (Jung, MS and Kim, BC), Nutrient Removal Potential of Water Hyacinth Cultured in Nutrient-enriched Water (Korean Journal of Sanitation 9 (2): 110-119 nd Swinery Wastewater, Korean Journal of Environmental Biology 17 (1): 117-127 (1999)).

With the growing interest in environmentally friendly water purification technology using vital plants, interest in purification of water using water hyacinth, especially water hyacinth, water lettuce, and frog rice, is increasing. The water hyacinth is divided into upper part leaf and boule and lower part root. It is known that the content of fiber, lignin is slightly different from that of main component, which is about 12% of leaf, 60% of burea, and 27% of root.

In particular, water hyacinths have excellent effects in adsorbing nutrients and harmful substances such as phosphorus, nitrogen and heavy metals. In 2010, they will be equipped with water hyacinths in the Nakdong River Information Chimney Site and water hyacinth water purification devices in the Han River Municipal Park in Guri City, The water purification capacity of water hyacinth was utilized.

Water hyacinths are very effective for water purification, but because they are species that live in tropical or subtropical climates, water hyacinths that grow in summer during summer are the cause of additional water pollution because they are caught in cold temperatures in winter. Accordingly, it is essential to collect and treat waterworms before the winter season, but the apparatus and research and development thereof have not yet proceeded.

In the case of existing water hyacinth, it has been proposed to utilize it as a compost or feed, but it is not economical, has high water content and large volume, is not easy to treat, and the characteristics of the upper and lower layers are different. Added value was not achieved.

In the case of water hyacinth, the morphological and physical characteristics of the lower part including the upper part including the leaf and stem including the boule existing on the water and the lower part including the root present under the water are different. In the upper part of water hyacinth, the lower part shows a very low specific gravity compared to other parts. It has a structure in which the petiole is rounded and the density becomes smaller due to the air inside it, so that it can float on the surface of water. In the case of the lower root, roots absorb a large amount of biologically heavy metals and clay, so they have a high specific gravity.

Due to the floating nature of the water hyacinth, water hyphae migrate along the stream of rivers and streams, and most of them are distributed at the base of rivers and streams.

[Figure 1] Distribution of whitefly buds in the Youngsan River basin (November 2014)

 The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously separating upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of a water hyacinth using different points of specific gravity characteristics of the water hyacinth part. The present invention is similar to the present invention in that recycled resources are selected from waste mixed with materials. However, it can be applied only when the separated material has a distinct specific gravity difference, and continuous separation is difficult. The present invention is capable of alleviating various variables of living organisms through stirring speed, particle size control by pretreatment of grinding, etc., and has an advantage that it can be easily applied to the field because the equipment can be easily moved. In addition, the present invention proposes a consistent integrated process up to the harvesting, cutting, fractionation, compression and dehydration stages for the reclamation of aquatic plants, and is a technology optimized for separation and recycling of the water plants of the present water plants.

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That is, the present inventors tried to proceed from the field harvesting to the raw material production process by developing a method and apparatus for continuously separating upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of water hyacinth using the difference in specific gravity, And to facilitate the transfer and resource reclamation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for continuously separating the upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of water hyacinth using the specific gravity difference and an apparatus capable of performing the method. According to the present invention, harvesting, cutting, fractionation, compression and dehydration steps of water hyacinth are successively carried out so as to be possible from harvesting of water hyacinth to raw materials. In addition, in the present invention, by using a wet process using water, foreign substances (sand, mud, etc.) of water hyphae are washed in the process so that no additional washing process is required.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for continuously separating an upper layer comprising leaves and a blade of a water hyacinth and a lower layer comprising roots, comprising the steps of:

a) providing water hyacinth;

b) cutting the provided water hyacinth in a chopper;

c) recovering the upper layer fraction of water hyphae collected in water and recovering the lower layer fraction of water hyacinth submerged in water; And

d) squeezing and dehydrating the recovered upper and lower fractions, respectively.

The present invention also provides an apparatus for continuously separating an upper layer comprising leaves and wings of a water hygrometer and a lower layer comprising roots, the apparatus comprising:

a) a chopper that cuts collected water hyacinth;

b) a first fluid flow fractionator having an impeller, the first fluid flow fractionator comprising: a first fluid flow fractionator for fractionating the cut worms into an upper layer and a lower layer;

c) a second fluid flow fractionator having a float collector and an impeller, the second fluid flow fractionator comprising: a second fluid flow fractionator for fractionating the upper part of the water bed obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator; And

d) a squeezing / dehydrator for squeezing and dewatering the upper part of the water hyacinth obtained from the float collector and the lower part of the water hyacinth obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the chopper is positioned on the conveyor belt and can continuously cut the water hyacinth conveyed through the conveyor belt.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the impeller installed in the first fluid flow dividing unit may be one third to one half of the height of the first fluid flow dividing unit.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the impeller installed in the second fluid flow fractionator may be set at 1/3 to 1/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractionator.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the float collector installed in the second fluid flow fractioner may be installed at 3/5 to 4/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractionator.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the impeller installed in the first fluid flow dividing unit and the second fluid flow dividing unit may be a furnace type, a propeller type, a screw type, or a turbine type.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the stirring speed of the impeller may be 100 to 500 rpm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the stirring speed of the impeller of the first fluid flow fractionator may be lower than the stirring speed of the impeller of the second fluid flow fractionator.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the water hyacinth obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator is conveyed to the second fluid flow fractionator through a connection path between the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the lower portion of the water hyacinth obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator is collected through a connection passage at the bottom of each fractionator, And only the lower part of the water hyacinth can be collected.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the water discharged through the screen may be recycled to the first fluid flow fractionator.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the screen may be 40 meshes to 100 meshes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a fluid guiding blade or partition is provided in the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator to control the flow of fluid or cut worms.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the compression in the compression / dehydrator may be performed at a pressure of 200 kg / m ² to 1000 kg / m ² .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the chopper can cut the water hyacinth to a size of 1 to 100 mm.

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously separating upper layers (leaves, boules) and lower layers (roots) of a water hyacinth using difference in specific gravity, wherein the step of harvesting, cutting, fractionating, It can be harvested from field to raw material.

In addition, the present invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method. Since the apparatus is movable, it can be mounted on the waterfront (riverside, lakeside, etc.), so that the bulky water- It has an advantage that raw materials can be obtained immediately after harvesting.

In addition, although the prior art is a technique for fractionating raw materials, the present invention can increase the precision of the fraction by the flow rate of the vortex and the pulverization method as a biological resource fractionation technique. In addition, the present invention has an advantage that it is possible to additionally wash foreign materials (sand, mud, etc.) possessed by water hyacinth by a wet process using water, so that no additional washing process is required.

1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a continuous harvesting and site-by-site separation process of aquatic plants.
2 is a side elevational view of a movable conveyor belt vehicle including a butterfly separator according to the present invention.
3 is a schematic top view of a mobile conveyor belt including a butterfly separator according to the present invention.
4 is a schematic view of a continuous cutting apparatus using a conveyor belt and a chopper.
5 is an exemplary schematic cross-sectional view of a butterfly separation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a fractionation principle showing a flow of fluid in a butterfly separation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG.
Fig. 7 is a photograph showing the underwater layer separation of the water hyacinth part.
Fig. 8 is a photograph showing the layer separation state of water hyacinth and herbaceous compartments.
Fig. 9 is a photograph showing that the weight ratio before and after fractionation of water hyacinth was measured and evaluated.
Fig. 10 is a photograph showing the fractionation characteristics of the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion after pulverization of water hyacinth.
11 is a photograph showing the positional change of the cut worms according to the rotation speed.
12 is a schematic diagram of a float collector.
13 is a schematic diagram showing the circulation of the upper layer (leaf and boule) and the lower layer (root) of the water hypha by the impeller.
14 is a schematic view showing the role and effect of the fluid guiding blade.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the compression / dehydration of the collected water hyacinth fraction.

The present inventors have developed a fractionation technique for maximizing utilization value through comparatively simple mechanical fractionation pretreatment using difference in specific gravity between upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of water hyacinth. That is, the inventors of the present invention have developed a method and apparatus for continuously separating the upper part (leaf, boule) and lower part (root) of water hyacinth using the difference in specific gravity. In the actual use of water hyacinth, the roots contain a large amount of foreign substances such as mud and sand, requiring additional washing. In the case of the present invention, which has been developed on the basis of a wet process, the advantage of maximizing the efficiency by simultaneously performing the fractionation and the washing process Have. In the present invention, harvesting, crushing, and sorting processes are continuously performed, and a portable compact separating device is used. Therefore, the harvesting, pulverizing and sorting processes are carried out from a harvesting site to a raw materializing process, There are features that can be configured. In other words, the inventors of the present invention intend to facilitate the easy harvesting of water hyacinth by applying a mobile compact separation device and a continuous separation method in consideration of the growth characteristics of water hyacinth, unlike the conventional harvesting method.

On the other hand, for efficient fractionation of water hyacinth, sufficient floatation capacity of the upper layer fraction should be maintained through proper grinding process. When pulverizing, it is possible to maximize fractionation characteristics by controlling the particle size to an appropriate size (5 to 50 mm). Also, while the prior art is a technique for fractionating raw materials, the present invention can increase the precision of fractionation by the vortex flow rate and pulverization method as a biological resource fractionation technique. Further, in the wet process using water, it is possible to additionally wash the foreign materials (sand, mud, etc.) possessed by the water hyacinth in the process, so that no additional washing process is required. According to the present invention, each of the butterfly fraction fractions which have been properly pulverized and fractionated is separated and then compressed and dehydrated, and the dehydrated water is again reused in the fractionation process. Since the volume of the dehydrated fraction is greatly reduced, it is very easy to move or store the dehydrated fraction after it is used or used. The present inventors have also found that by constructing a portable system through the miniaturization of the apparatus for successively performing harvesting, cutting, fractionation, fractionation, squeezing and dehydration of water hyacinths, the water hyacinths So that it can be processed immediately in the field.

That is, the present invention is a method for continuously separating an upper layer including leaves and a blade of a water hyacinth and a lower layer including a root, comprising the following steps:

a) providing water hyacinth;

b) cutting the provided water hyacinth in a chopper;

c) recovering the upper layer fraction of water hyphae collected in water and recovering the lower layer fraction of water hyacinth submerged in water; And

d) squeezing and dehydrating the recovered upper and lower fractions, respectively.

According to one embodiment, in step a), water hyacinth may be continuously provided, and preferably, it may be continuously provided using a conveyor belt or the like.

According to one embodiment, in step b), the water hyacinth can be cut into a size of 1 to 100 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm, but is not limited thereto. As the chopper, a cutting roller, a cutting machine, a beating machine, or the like may be used.

According to one embodiment, in step c), the water hygrometer can be fractionated in the water in which fluid flow (vortex) is generated by the impeller, and the impeller kind includes paddle, propeller, screw, But is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, when the impeller is used in the step c), the stirring speed may be 100 to 500 rpm, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, the fraction of step c) may be carried out under conditions of 10 to 50 s / 100 g (dry weight), but is not limited thereto.

According to an embodiment, the upper layer of water hyphae collected in the water in step c) is recovered and the lower layer of the water hyacinth submerged in the water is recovered, thereby dividing the water hyphae into upper and lower layers.

According to one embodiment, the dehydrated water in step d) may be recycled to step c).

According to one embodiment, the pressing in step d) may be performed at a pressure of 200 kg / m ² to 1000 kg / m ² .

The present invention also relates to an apparatus for continuously separating an upper layer comprising leaves and a blade of a water hyacinth and a lower layer comprising roots, comprising:

a) a chopper that cuts collected water hyacinth;

b) a first fluid flow fractionator having an impeller, the first fluid flow fractionator comprising: a first fluid flow fractionator for fractionating the cut worms into an upper layer and a lower layer;

c) a second fluid flow fractionator having a float collector and an impeller, the second fluid flow fractionator comprising: a second fluid flow fractionator for fractionating the upper part of the water bed obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator; And

d) a squeezing / dehydrator for squeezing and dewatering the upper part of the water hyacinth obtained from the float collector and the lower part of the water hyacinth obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator.

According to one embodiment, the chopper is positioned on a conveyor belt, and can continuously cut a water hyacinth conveyed through a conveyor belt. As the chopper, a cutting roller, a cutting machine, a beating machine, or the like can be used.

According to one embodiment, the height of the impeller installed in the first fluid flow dividing unit may be set to 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the first fluid flow dividing unit, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, the impeller installed in the first fluid flow fractionator may be configured to create a fluid flow towards the second fluid flow fractioner rather than creating a fluid flow in the vertical direction.

According to one embodiment, the height of the impeller installed in the second fluid flow dividing unit may be set to 1/3 to 1/5 of the height of the second fluid flow dividing unit, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, the float collector installed in the c) second fluid flow fractioner may be installed at 3/5 to 4/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractioner, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment, impeller types installed in the first and second fluid flow dividers include, but are not limited to, a row type, a propeller type, a screw type, and a turbine type. The types and sizes of the impellers installed in the first fluid flow dividing unit and the second fluid flow dividing unit may be the same or different from each other.

According to one embodiment, the stirring speed of the impeller installed in the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator may be 100 to 500 rpm, but is not limited thereto. Further, the stirring speeds of both impellers may be the same or different from each other, and preferably, the stirring speed of the impeller of the first fluid flow fractionator is lower than the stirring speed of the impeller of the second fluid flow fractionator. The difference in stirring speed of both impellers may be 100 to 300 rpm.

According to one embodiment, the upper part of the water hyacinth obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator is conveyed to the second fluid flow fractionator through a connection passage between the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator.

According to one embodiment, the lower portion of the water hyacinth obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator is collected through a connection passage under each fractionator, and water is discharged through a screen Only the lower layer can be collected.

According to one embodiment, the water discharged through the screen upon collection of the lower layer of water hyphae may be recycled to the first fluid flow fractionator.

According to one embodiment, the screen may be from 40 mesh to 100 mesh.

According to one embodiment, by providing a fluid guiding blade or partition in the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator, the flow of fluids or cut worms can be controlled.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the apparatus according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

1) Chopper

- The water hyacinth that floats on the water is collected by a conveyor belt method with a hook and cut into particles of 10 ~ 100 mm size by a chopping blade installed. The cut wormwood particles are introduced into the fluid flow fractionator by a conveyor belt. In this case, the size of the cut-off particles can be controlled by the size and spacing of the supple-fin, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the state of the water hyacinth during harvest.

2) Fluid flow fractionator

- The uppermost part consists of an inlet for the introduction of raw materials, an outlet for the upper part of water hyacinth (upper part of water hyacinth) equipped with a water supply path and an upper water collecting pipe at the upper part, and a sediment outlet for collecting sediment (lower part of water hyacinth) at the lower part.

- Use an impeller to generate fluid flow in the water inside the fluid flow separator, and increase the flow so that the upper part of the water hyphae crosses the upper partition of the first fluid flow fraction due to the fluid flow. A propeller may be used as the impeller.

- In consideration of centrifugal force, buoyancy, and drag force, the upper part of leaf and stem part of water hyacinth with small specific gravity floats and separates from the upper part. In the lower part including root part, the specific gravity is higher than that of upper part. .

Although two fluid flow dividers are exemplarily shown here as continuous in the drawings and the like, the present invention is not limited thereto, and two or more fluid flow dividers can be continuously arranged if necessary.

3) The water supply line

- The water supply line is a water supply device that maintains a certain level of water level inside the fluid flow separator. The water outside the device and the water separated from the drain at the lower end are recycled and recycled.

4) Impeller (vortex generator)

- a propeller for generating a vortex of water inside the fluid flow separator, which rotates only in a certain direction and generates a vortex such that the outermost level by the vortex reaches the float collector. The generated vortex generates a descending turbulence at the central portion and a rising turbulence at the outer side (see FIG. 13). Leaves and boule particles having a small specific gravity are discharged by the floating collector while circulating in the range over the middle of the streamlined body portion, The root particles are discharged by the sediment separator while circulating in the sub-mid range.

5) Float collector

- In order to facilitate the recovery of the upper layer in the second fluid flow fractionator, the float collector is installed in the middle part of the impeller and the upper part is separated.

6) Sediment separator (drain and screen)

- The sediment is discharged to the outside by the suction force generated by the water pressure, and the bottom part of the water hyacinth, which is relatively heavy with the sediment, is discharged. The discharged sediment is separated from the sediment by the screen installed at the bottom of the drainage port.

Hereinafter, an apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings disclosed herein are provided by way of example so that those skilled in the art can fully convey the spirit of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise defined in the technical terms and scientific terms used, those skilled in the art will understand what is commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

FIG. 2 is a side schematic view of a movable conveyor belt vehicle including a butterfly separator according to the present invention. With reference to this, the harvested worms move to the chopper 4 through the conveyor belt 2 with the rollers 1.

3 is a schematic view of the upper surface of a movable conveyor belt including a butterfly separator according to the present invention. With reference to this, an impeller (8) of a first fluid flow fractionator and an impeller (17) of a second fluid flow fractionator are disclosed.

4 is a schematic view of a continuous cutting apparatus using a conveyor belt and a chopper. With reference to this, the harvested worms are moved to the chopper 4 through the conveyor belt 2 having the rollers 1, and the cutting roller 3 inside the chopper cuts the worms.

[Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the butterfly separation apparatus according to the present invention. With reference to this, the water from the water supply path (5) and the cut worms coming out of the chopper enter the first fluid flow divider (16). A fluid flow (vortex) 7 of water is generated in the first fluid flow divider 16 by the propeller 8 and the upper part of the cut worm gob (leaf and boule) is connected to the second fluid flow fractionator (14). The bottom portion (root) of the water hygrometer in the first fluid flow divider 16 moves through the drain port 10, and only the lower layer portion is collected after the water is discharged from the screen 12. The water discharged through the screen 12 is transferred to the reservoir through the drain port 11 and recirculated to the first fluid flow fractionator 16 through a pump (not shown). A fluid flow (vortex) of water is generated by the propeller 17 in the second fluid flow separator 14 and the upper fluid layer 16 of the first fluid flow divider 16, which enters the second fluid flow fractionator 14, Is collected in a float collector (not shown) installed in the second fluid flow fractionator 14 and the lower layer is collected in the second fluid flow fractionator 14 ) And is collected after the water is discharged from the screen (12 or 13). The water discharged through the screen 12 or 13 is transferred to the reservoir through the drain port 11 and recirculated to the first fluid flow fractionator 16 through a pump (not shown). In addition, the first fluid flow divider 16 is provided with a partition 6, 15 and a fluid guiding blade 9 to control the flow of the fluid or the cut worm. In addition, the lower part of the water hyacinth collected from the upper part of the water hyacinth collected from the float collector and the lower part of the water hyacinth collected from the lower part of each fraction is conveyed to a pressurizing / dehydrator (not shown) such as a roller having a constant pressing force, 15). In addition, the RPM of the first fluid flow fractionator 16 may be lower than the RPM of the second fluid flow fractionator 14. [

On the other hand, a diagram showing the role and effect of the fluid guiding blade is shown in Fig. As shown in FIG. 14, in the absence of a fluid guiding blade, the fluid causes the fluid to flow in the desired direction through this fluid guiding blade, since it causes an undesirable flow at the corners.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a fractionation principle showing a flow of fluid in a butterfly separation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. The cut woofers 18 are divided by the impeller into a leaf-stem upper layer flow 19 and a lower root layer flow 20. The upper layer flow 19 of the water hyphae is divided into a partition 26 and a connecting passage 25, To the second fluid flow fractionator. In the second fluid flow separator, the upper layer flow 24 and the lower layer flow 23 of the water hyphae are generated by the impeller installed at a position lower than the impeller installed in the first fluid flow fractionator. The lower stream flows 20, 23 of the first and second fluid flow dividers flow out to the bottom of each fractionator and are collected after the water is drained from the screen 22 and discharged from the screen 22 Water is transferred to the water storage tank as the residual water 21. In addition, the upper fluid flow 24 of the second fluid flow fraction is collected by a float collector (not shown). The residual effluent 21 entering the reservoir is recycled to the first fluid flow fractionator by a pump (not shown). In addition, the lower part of the water hyacinth collected from the upper part of the water hyacinth collected from the float collector and the lower part of the water hyacinth collected from the lower part of each fraction is conveyed to a pressurizing / dehydrator (not shown) such as a roller having a constant pressing force, 15). In addition, the RPM of the first fluid flow fractionator 16 may be lower than the RPM of the second fluid flow fractionator 14. [

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and that the scope of the present invention is not construed as being limited by these examples.

Example

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the degree of isolation and fractionation of the water hyacinth, which is one of the water plants cultivated for prevention of water pollution and restoration of ecological environment in a river or a lake.

[ Example  1] Collecting and cutting hawks

Water hyacinths of 30 to 45 cm in length, 15 to 25 cm in root length and 4 to 9 cm in leaf width, which are naturally grown near the Youngsan River, were sampled and the continuous fractionation experiment according to the present invention was conducted. The collected water hyacinth was cut into particles of 10 ~ 50 mm size by using a rotating chopped chopper.

[ Example  2] Analysis of components and characteristics for application evaluation

Organic composition, heavy metal content, fertilizer and feedability were evaluated to evaluate the applicability of this sample. Each evaluation was divided into leaf, boule, and root, and the characteristics of each part were analyzed and evaluated. Contents of organic components were analyzed by Holocellulose, lignin, hot water extract, ash content, and organic solvent extract. Heavy metal contents were investigated for Cd, Cu, As, Hg, Pb and Cr contents. The fertilizer applicability assessment is based on the assessment of pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, NH ₄ -N, NO ₃ -M, Av.P ₂ O ₅ , CEC (cation exchange capacity) Total nitrogen (TN) ratios were measured and crude fiber, crude protein and crude fat contents were investigated.

The water hyacinth is a fibrous biomass containing a large amount of substantive fiber with a content of 42 to 51% of a holocellulose. The biomass has a slightly ash content of 8 to 12%, which is different from other plant biomass. In addition, when extracted with hot water, the extraction amount was 20 to 29%, and it was confirmed that water-soluble carbohydrate (sugar, pre-classified) and glycosides were contained in large amounts. There was no significant difference in the contents of botanical constituents according to each site, but the heavy metal content showed that arsenic and chromium were detected relatively more at the roots than leaves and bows. In other words, it is considered that a fraction of the root portion is necessary for utilization as feed or fertilizer. Particularly, it can be seen that the content of crude protein is very high in leaf part of water hyacinth. From these characteristics, it is expected that it will be possible to produce high quality feeds because it is highly utilized as a raw material of compound feed or compound feed.

As a result of the analysis for the utility as fertilizer, the whole area of water hyacinth was suitable to the standard value and showed very good applicability as fertilizer.

[Table 1] Component composition of the water hyacinth

[Table 2] Heavy metal content by area of water hyacinth

[Table 3] Composition of feed composition of each part of water hyacinth

[Table 4] Composition of fertilizer composition of each part of water hyacinth

[ Example  3] In the water of cut off water hyacinth Layer separation  Confirm

In order to confirm the layer separation of the water hyacinth during agitation, a stirrer equipped with an anchor type paddle on an acrylic cylindrical drum was used, and a fluid flow was formed in the agitator, Layer separation phenomenon.

The cleaved water hyacinth pieces were dissociated in water and allowed to stand to analyze the layer separation characteristics according to the specific gravity. As shown in Fig. 7, in the settled water, the floating float layer above the water is composed of the uppermost layer (float # 1 in Fig. 7) composed of the ground particles of leaves and floats and relatively large root particles (Floating object # 2 in FIG. 7) separated from the lower layer of the floating object. In the suspension layer (suspended suspension of [Fig. 7]) constituting the middle part of the suspension, it was confirmed that generally small roots floated in water. It was confirmed that various sediments such as fine roots and roots adsorbed were contained in the sediment layer (sediment of [Fig. 7]) precipitated at the bottom. The continuous separation method and device (continuous suspended particulate fractionation device) of the water hyacinth according to the present invention can be developed by using the fact that the separated water layer exists in each part of the cut water hyacinth.

[ Example  4] Herbaceous  Underwater Layer separation  compare

Cutting (chopped) water hyacinths and herbaceous plants were dissociated in water and then allowed to stand to compare underwater layer separation characteristics according to specific gravity. As shown in FIG. 8, it was confirmed that layer separation occurred in water, but in the case of herbaceous species, the layer separation did not occur depending on the specific gravity, and all of them showed sinking characteristics. In other words, in the case of water hyacinth, since the leaves and stem parts contain the boule, the density is low so that they do not sink into the water but float. However, in the case of herbaceous plants, there is no density difference between the respective parts, . According to the above results, the suitability of the fractionation technique using the layer separation characteristics of the water hyacinth part was confirmed.

[ Example  5] Fraction ratio and confirmation of fraction property

The fractionation rate of the chopped water hyacinth after continuous suspension was analyzed and the characteristics of each fraction were confirmed. The execution condition of this embodiment is as follows.

- Cut particle size: 10 to 50 mm

- Fractional stirring speed: 150 ~ 200 rpm

- Impeller type: anchor paddle

- Fractionation time: 20 ~ 30 s / 100 g (dry weight)

- Capacity of fractionator (amount of process used): 10 L

The weight ratio of water hyacinth in the first 100 g was 68% in leaves and breeches and 32% in roots. As a result of evaluating the weight of each part of the water hyacinth after cutting, 63% of the leaves and burea were fractionated and 37% of the fractions were fractionated. From this fraction, small particles of leaves and boules were fractionated in the root fraction . That is, as the cutting of the water hyacinth continuously occurs, the microparticles lose their lifting force due to excessive cutting of the leaves and the blades, and are discharged downward as in some roots.

These finely cut particles are judged to be sucked by the sediment separating device as they fall out of the circulation range of the float due to the descending air flow. This means that when the actual suspended fraction is subjected to different stirring speed (eddy current velocity) It is possible to improve it better. Considering the ecological characteristics of aquatic plants showing different growth conditions, it would be necessary to optimize cutting conditions and control the process conditions in the separation process.

[ Example  6] Evaluation of suitability of application of fractionation technology to cutting and crushing of water hyacinth

And to evaluate the application and suitability of fractionation technique for cutting and crushing of water hyacinth. The waterworms were chopped over a certain size and separated into upper and lower layers. As shown in FIG. 10, in the case of the chopping method of cutting in the shear direction, the size of the water hyacinth is not pulverized to a certain size or less and the underwater layer separation occurs depending on the specific gravity (see the left drawing of FIG. 10) When crushed, the buoyancy was lost due to the destruction of the cells of the upper and lower leaves and stems, and it was confirmed that the leaves and stem parts were precipitated together with the roots constituting the lower part (see the middle and right drawing in FIG. 10) ). From the above results, it was confirmed that it is more suitable to apply the fractionation technique to the fractionation of water hyacinth by applying an appropriate size cutting method.

[ Example  7] Comparison of fraction according to fluid flow rate

Fractional segregation of the cut worms by the flow velocity of fluid flow was observed and analyzed.

- Cut particle size: 10 to 50 mm

- Fractional stirring speed: 200 to 400 rpm

- Impeller Type: Propeller

- Fractionation time: 20 ~ 30s / 100g (dry weight)

- Capacity of fractionator (amount of process used): 10 L

In order to compare and evaluate the difference of the water hyacinth fraction by different flow of the water flow of the water hyacinth through the speed difference of the impeller which provides the rotational force of the whole fluid. The cut worms were subjected to centrifugal force, buoyancy, and drag force according to the fluid flow, and we tried to see how the above three forces are applied according to the fluid flow rate.

For centrifugal force, the larger the centrifugal force, the smaller the turning radius, and the larger the particle weight and particle rotation speed:

For buoyancy, the larger the particle size, the greater the density of the solution, the greater the flow flow, the smaller the turning radius, the greater the buoyancy:

For drag, the larger the relative velocity to the fluid, the greater the density of the fluid, the smaller the projected reference area on a plane perpendicular to the direction of motion of the object, and the larger the drag coefficient,

That is, as the fluid velocity increases, the centrifugal force increases as the particle rotation speed increases, and as the weight increases, the force to flow out increases. In buoyancy, the size of the upper part of the water hyacinth including the leaves and stems is larger than that of the lower part. In the case of the drag force, since the size of the upper part of the water hyacinth is relatively large, a large drag force causes the phenomenon to be pushed inward.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the rotation speed is high, the magnitude of the centrifugal force is increased, and it is confirmed that the lower portion including the root portion having a relatively heavy specific gravity is located outside. In addition, it was confirmed that the upper part of water hyacinth was floated up by buoyancy, and the drag was relatively large and distributed inside. It was confirmed that buoyancy is the most influential when the rotating speed is slow, so that the upper part of leaf and stem of water hyacinth, which has a relatively small density and a relatively large size, is distributed in the upper part. Using these characteristics, it was confirmed that fractionation of the water hyacinth can be accomplished more precisely.

[ Example  8] Impeller  Assessment of suitability for application of fractionation technique of water hyacinth according to height position

This study was conducted to observe and analyze the fractionation characteristics of the cut off water hyacinth according to the height position of the impeller and apply it to the fractionation technique of water hyacinth.

- Cut particle size: 10 to 50 mm

- Fractional stirring speed: 200 rpm

- Impeller Type: Propeller

- Fractionation time: 20 ~ 30 s / 100 g (dry weight)

- Capacity of fractionator (amount of process used): 10 L

As a result of the experiment, it was observed that when the impeller is located at the lower part, the flow of the fluid flows as a whole, and it is difficult to perform the fraction of the middle part of the water hyacinth that has been cut in the separation and fractionation process.

When the position of the impeller is relatively distributed in the upper part, it is confirmed that the classification is more likely to occur because it is directly involved in the upper part of the leaves and stems of floating water hyacinth.

Based on the above results, in the case of the first class, the position of the impeller was raised and the angle of the impeller was given to facilitate classification. Also, in the first class, the low rpm was used to reduce the energy loss and improve the efficiency. Then, in the case of the second classification, the position of the impeller was lowered and the high rpm was used to efficiently separate the material having the intermediate specific gravity of the cut worms shown in FIG.

The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all differences within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims (24)

a) providing water hyacinth through a conveyor belt;
b) successively cutting the provided water hyacinth in a chopper;
c) fractionating the cut woofers by using a specific gravity difference in the fluid; And
d) squeezing and dewatering each of the upper and lower layers collected by said fraction,
The step (c) includes: dividing the upper layer including the leaves and the blades and the lower layer including the roots by the vortex generated in the fluid by the first impeller in the first fluid flow dividing unit;
Fractionating the upper layer obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator conveyed through the connection passage in the second fluid flow fractionator with a specific gravity difference using a vortex generated in the fluid by the second impeller;
Collecting the upper layer obtained from the second fluid flow fractioner using a float collector installed at 3/5 to 4/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractioner;
Using a screen to discharge fluid from a lower portion obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator; And
And recirculating the fluid discharged through the screen to the first fluid flow fractionator,
And d) compressing and dewatering the upper layer collected in the floating collector and the lower layer collected from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractioner collected through the screen,
Wherein a stirring speed of the first impeller is set to be lower than a stirring speed of the second impeller, a second impeller is installed lower than a position of the first impeller, and the first impeller has a height And the second impeller continuously separates the upper and lower portions of the water hygrometer installed at 1/3 to 1/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractionator Lt; / RTI > delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the water hyacinth is cut to a size of 1 to 100 mm in the step b). delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first and second impellers are of a paddle, propeller, screw or turbine type. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the stirring speed of the first and second impellers is 100 to 500 rpm. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the fraction of step c) is carried out at 10 to 50 s / 100 g (dry weight). delete delete A chopper for continuously cutting water hyacinths conveyed through a conveyor belt;
A first fluid flow fractionator for dividing the cut wooflower into an upper layer including a leaf and a bladder and a lower layer including a root according to specific gravity by using a vortex generated in the fluid by the first impeller;
A connecting passage;
A second fluid flow fractionator for fractionating the upper layer obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator carried through the connection passage by a specific gravity difference using a vortex generated in the fluid by the second impeller;
A float collector installed at 3/5 to 4/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractioner for collecting the upper layer obtained from the second fluid flow fractioner; And
A screen for discharging the fluid from the lower layer obtained from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator;
A pump for recirculating the fluid discharged through the screen to the first fluid flow fractionator; And
And a squeezing / dehydrator for squeezing and dewatering the upper layer collected from the float collector and the lower layer collected from the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractioner collected through the screen,
Wherein a stirring speed of the first impeller is set to be lower than a stirring speed of the second impeller, a second impeller is installed lower than a position of the first impeller, and the first impeller has a height And the second impeller continuously separates the upper and lower portions of the water hygrometer installed at 1/3 to 1/5 of the height of the second fluid flow fractionator / RTI > delete delete delete delete 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the first and second impellers installed in the first and second fluid flow dividers are of a furnace, propeller, screw or turbine type. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the stirring speed of the first and second impellers is 100 to 500 rpm. delete delete delete delete 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the screen is 40 mesh to 100 mesh. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein a fluid guiding blade or partition is provided in the first fluid flow fractionator and the second fluid flow fractionator to control the flow of fluid or cut worms. delete 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the chopper cuts the water hyacinth to a size of 1 to 100 mm.

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