KR101714683B1 - 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법 - Google Patents
냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101714683B1 KR101714683B1 KR1020150191231A KR20150191231A KR101714683B1 KR 101714683 B1 KR101714683 B1 KR 101714683B1 KR 1020150191231 A KR1020150191231 A KR 1020150191231A KR 20150191231 A KR20150191231 A KR 20150191231A KR 101714683 B1 KR101714683 B1 KR 101714683B1
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- refrigerant
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 C 2 H 6) Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F25B41/04—
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
- F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/003—Control issues for charging or collecting refrigerant to or from a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명에 따른 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법은. 냉매 충전 필요를 감지하는 단계;를 포함하여, 냉매 충전이 필요한 경우, 냉매 충전 모드로 전환하고, 사이클(Refrigerant Cycle) 내의 냉매 조성을 측정하는 단계; 및 상기 냉매 조성에 따라 선택된 냉매를 상기 냉매 사이클 내로 공급하는 단계;를 포함하여, 상기 냉매 사이클 내 냉매 조성을 제어하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 혼합 냉매 사이클을 간략하게 도시한 블록도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법의 알고리즘을 간략하게 도시한 순서도이다.
200 : 컴프레서(Compressor)
300 : 쿨러(Cooler)
400 : 기액분리기(2 Phase Separator)
500 : 열교환기(Heat Exchanger)
600 : 줄-톰슨 밸브(Joule-Thomson Valve)
V1 : 제1 밸브
V2 : 제2 밸브
V3 : 제3 밸브
V4 : 벤팅 밸브(Venting Valve)
L1 : 제1 냉매 공급라인
L2 : 제2 냉매 공급라인
L3 : 제3 냉매 공급라인
L4 : 혼합 냉매 순환라인
PT1 : 제1 압력 트랜스미터
PT2 : 제2 압력 트랜스미터
PT3 : 제3 압력 트랜스미터
PT4 : 제4 압력 트랜스미터
LT1 : 제1 레벨 트랜스미터
Claims (11)
- 혼합 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법에 있어서,
상기 혼합 냉매는 분자량이 작은 순서 또는 비점이 낮은 순서대로 제1 냉매, 제2 냉매 및 제3 냉매를 포함하고,
상기 혼합 냉매 사이클은 상기 혼합 냉매가 압축, 냉각, 열교환 및 팽창 공정을 거쳐 순환하면서 천연가스를 액화시키도록 컴프레서, 쿨러, 기액분리기, 열교환기 및 줄-톰슨 밸브를 포함하며,
상기 컴프레서 전단 압력이 설정값 미만이면, 상기 제1 냉매를 상기 혼합 냉매 사이클로 공급하는 제1 밸브를 펄스 제어하고,
상기 컴프레서 후단 압력이 설정값 미만이면, 상기 제2 냉매를 상기 혼합 냉매 사이클로 공급하는 제2 밸브를 펄스 제어하고,
상기 기액분리기의 수위가 설정값 미만이면, 상기 제3 냉매를 상기 혼합 냉매 사이클로 공급하는 제3 밸브를 펄스 제어하여,
상기 줄-톰슨 밸브 후단에서 혼합 냉매의 온도가 상기 열교환기를 통과하는 천연가스를 액화시킬 수 있는 온도를 유지하도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 열교환기 후단 압력이 설정값을 초과하면, 상기 혼합 냉매 사이클을 순환하는 혼합 냉매의 적어도 일부를 상기 혼합 냉매 사이클 외부로 배출시키는 벤팅 밸브를 개방하도록 제어하는, 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법. - 청구항 1 또는 2에 있어서,
상기 열교환기에서는 천연가스와 상기 혼합 냉매가 열교환하여 천연가스의 적어도 일부를 액화시키며,
상기 제1, 제2 및 제3 냉매는, 에탄, 프로판 및 부탄인, 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법. - 청구항 3에 있어서,
상기 열교환기에서 천연가스와 열교환한 혼합 냉매를,
상기 줄-톰슨 밸브에서 팽창에 의해 냉각시켜 상기 천연가스에 추가 냉열을 공급하는, 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법.
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KR1020150191231A KR101714683B1 (ko) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | 냉매 사이클의 냉매 충전 방법 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20200045291A (ko) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-05-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 액상 프로판 기화 방법 및 이에 사용되는 기화 장치 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09280699A (ja) * | 1996-04-17 | 1997-10-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 冷媒の補充方法と冷媒組成、冷媒漏れ検出装置及び冷凍装置 |
KR20090110965A (ko) | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 메탄 팽창 사이클, 혼합냉매 사이클 및 질소 팽창 사이클을이용한 천연가스 액화방법 및 장치 |
KR101153156B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-06-04 | 한국가스공사연구개발원 | 천연가스 액화공정 및 이를 이용한 천연가스 액화시스템 |
US20140116084A1 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2014-05-01 | Saipem S.A. | Method for Liquefying Natural Gas with a Mixture of Coolant Gas |
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2015
- 2015-12-31 KR KR1020150191231A patent/KR101714683B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09280699A (ja) * | 1996-04-17 | 1997-10-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 冷媒の補充方法と冷媒組成、冷媒漏れ検出装置及び冷凍装置 |
KR20090110965A (ko) | 2008-04-21 | 2009-10-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 메탄 팽창 사이클, 혼합냉매 사이클 및 질소 팽창 사이클을이용한 천연가스 액화방법 및 장치 |
KR101153156B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-06-04 | 한국가스공사연구개발원 | 천연가스 액화공정 및 이를 이용한 천연가스 액화시스템 |
US20140116084A1 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2014-05-01 | Saipem S.A. | Method for Liquefying Natural Gas with a Mixture of Coolant Gas |
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KR20200045291A (ko) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-05-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 액상 프로판 기화 방법 및 이에 사용되는 기화 장치 |
KR102513945B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-22 | 2023-03-23 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 액상 프로판 기화 방법 및 이에 사용되는 기화 장치 |
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