KR101669545B1 - scalp integrated management apparatus using the hydrogen - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated scalp management apparatus using hydrogen. Specifically, the present invention relates to an integrated scalp management apparatus using hydrogen which can easily improve hair damage, hair loss, and so on as well as preventing a side effect of generating a scalp cell loss, a skin rash, an edema, a scalp itch, or an infection caused by a harmful component of a colorant.

Description

A scalp integrated management apparatus using the hydrogen,

The present invention relates to an integrated scalp management apparatus using hydrogen, and more particularly, to an apparatus for managing integrated scalp using hydrogen, which is capable of preventing damages of scalp cells, skin rash, edema, scarring or inflammation, The present invention relates to an integrated scalp management apparatus using hydrogen.

Generally, most of the chemical dyes contain harmful components to the human body.

For example, paraphenyldiamine (PPD) is also used in fiber dyeing, has toxic effects that cause skin diseases, and propylene glycol (PG) causes toxic reactions in the brain, liver and kidney line, causes allergies and rashes , And parabens are carcinogenic. In addition, ammonia increases memory loss, increases blood pressure and blood sugar, animal oil has a risk of degeneration, has trouble with skin cells, mineral oil has a skin respiratory disturbance effect, and benzophenone has effects on reproductive function as a disturbing substance , Synthetic preservatives are known to cause vomiting, rash, fever and hepatitis.

Side effects such as skin cell damage, skin rash, edema, scaly scalp, and inflammation are often reported after harmful components of such a stain agent due to environmental pollution, stress, and the like. In addition, due to the components of the dye, hair is damaged and hair loss and various scalp diseases are occurring.

As a prior art for improving the scalp and hair related diseases, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0638536 discloses a hair treatment composition which is effective for preventing wool and hair loss, has excellent skin care effect on the scalp, Wherein the composition for scalp comprises, as an active ingredient, an oxidized coenzyme Q and a reduced coenzyme Q, or a reduced coenzyme Q alone.

As another prior art, Japanese Patent Registration No. 10-0890464 discloses a composition comprising (a) 10 to 20% by weight of marigold, 10 to 20% by weight of sewage, 10 to 20% by weight of Angelica gigas, 10 to 20% 5 to 15% by weight of papaya, 5 to 15% by weight of ginger, 2.5 to 7.5% by weight of ginkgo leaf and 2.5 to 7.5% by weight of safflower. (b) heating the mixture to 80 to 100 DEG C for 8 to 48 hours using a hot water distiller to obtain a hot water extract; (c) obtaining a distillate using a cold water cooling tube at 4 to 10 ° C while heating the hot water extract to 90 to 100 ° C; (d) centrifuging the obtained distillate and hot water extract to remove solid content and separating the supernatant; And (e) 60 to 80% by weight of a distillate and 20 to 40% by weight of a hot water extract to prepare an antioxidant herbal distillation composition for hair protection, wherein the antioxidant herbal distillation composition for protecting hair is prepared. .

As another prior art, Korea Patent No. 10-1435326 has a container containing a serum and a pressurized gas, and a discharge pipe for discharging the serum and pressure gas is installed in the container, and a discharge pipe is opened and closed at the upper portion of the discharge pipe A body part having an opening / closing part coupled thereto; And a hydrogen generating unit for generating hydrogen by reacting with the moisture of the serum, and a hydrogen-containing serum and a pressurized gas, which are connected to the upper portion of the body and have an outlet communicating with the opening and closing unit, And a head part having a porous membrane for uniformly dispersing the skin on the skin and a sealing film for preventing the hydrogen-containing serum and the pressure gas from escaping from the periphery of the porous pad. When the opening and closing part is opened, And the discharged beauty liquid is passed through the hydrogen generating unit to generate hydrogen and discharged together with the serum. The beauty appliance having the hydrogen generating part can exhibit effective effects such as protection of the scalp due to hydrogen usually, but damage due to strong chemical components such as dyeing and damage of the scalp and hair caused by strong active oxygen such as hydrogen peroxide There is a problem that is difficult to see a great effect.

In other words, even if the scalp is usually calmed down through the above-mentioned hairdressing apparatus, since the existing scalp soothing effect is mostly canceled when the dyes are applied and the oxidizing agent is applied, neutralization of the dyes before and after dyeing, and scalp decryption And management methods are needed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a hair cosmetic composition for preventing scarring, skin rash, edema, scalp itching, A method of detoxifying a scalp using hydrogen, and an integrated scalp management device capable of easily improving hair damage, hair loss, and the like.

As a means for achieving the object of the present invention, a method of decrypting scalp using hydrogen according to the present invention comprises: preparing hydrogen-enriched hydrogen water; Washing the scalp and the hair using a hydrogenated shower and a shampoo in which the hydrogen is sprayed; Semi-drying the washed scalp and hair with a hydrogen dryer blown with hydrogen; Spraying the semi-dried scalp and hair with a mixed solution containing the hydrogenated water and collagen; The mixed liquid is absorbed in the scalp and hair by keeping the sprayed scalp and hair sealed with a sealing member; Removing the sealing member, irradiating the scalp and hair absorbed with the mixed solution with far-infrared rays together with hydrogen injection; Applying a dye to the hair and dyeing the hair; Washing the dye applied to the hair with the water-containing shower; And drying the washed scalp and hair with the hydrogen dryer.

Further, in the method for detoxifying scalp using hydrogen according to the present invention, the method further comprises spraying hydrogen after applying oil to the dried scalp or hair.

In addition, in the method for detoxifying the scalp with hydrogen according to the present invention, the staining agent may be a mixture of the hydrogenated water and the chemical stain agent, or a mixture of the hydrogenated water and the natural henna powder.

Further, the integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention includes: a casing; An electrolytic unit installed in the casing and generating oxygen and hydrogen through electrolysis of water; A hydrogen generating unit for receiving hydrogen generated in the electrolytic unit and aerating the water contained therein to produce hydrogen water; A hydro-shower unit having a pump connected to the hydrogen-generating unit at one end thereof and a nozzle connected to the outside of the casing to inject hydrogen-containing water; A plurality of hydrogen supply hoses, one end of which is communicated to one side of the electrolytic part and the other end is drawn out to supply hydrogen generated in the electrolytic part; A hydrogen dryer in which a blowing fan is inserted and to which the hydrogen supply hose for supplying hydrogen to a guide passage for guiding air injected through the blowing fan is connected; An infrared ray lamp provided on an inner surface of the body to emit a far infrared ray, and a second infrared ray lamp connected to one side of the body, A hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier comprising a hydrogen supply hose; A power supply unit for supplying power to the electrolytic unit, the pump, the hydrogen dryer, and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier; A water supply unit for supplying water to the electrolytic unit and the water generating unit; And an operation panel for controlling operations of the electrolytic unit, the pump, the hydrogen dryer, and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier.

In addition, in the integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention, a sheet-like sealing member may be detachably installed at the lower end of the body, wherein the sealing member is provided with an opening at a lower portion thereof, And a temperature sensor for measuring an internal temperature of the body is installed on one side of the body so that the warning or the operation of the far infrared lamp is turned off when the internal temperature of the body exceeds a preset temperature .

Further, in the integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention, the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier is movably installed in the casing, the upper plate of the casing includes a first guide groove formed in the longitudinal direction, And a pair of guide protrusions inserted into the second guide groove are formed at the lower end of the support base.

Further, in the integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention, the support base is composed of a sliding portion formed with the guide protrusion and a folding portion hinged to the upper side of the sliding portion, and the first guide groove extends to one side end of the casing And the second guide groove is formed so as to be spaced apart from one end of the casing.

According to the method for detoxifying the scalp using hydrogen and the integrated scalp management device according to the present invention having the above-described structure, harmful components of the dye prevent the side effects of damaging scalp cells, skin rash, edema, scalp itching or inflammation As well as hair damage, hair loss and the like can be easily improved.

1 is a block diagram showing each step of a method for deciphering scalp using hydrogen according to the present invention.
2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a configuration of an integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view showing a state where a hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier of the present invention is installed.
4 is a view showing a state where a sealing member and a temperature sensor are installed in the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier according to the present invention.
5A is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing a hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier of a structure different from that of FIG. 3 installed and folded.
6A to 6F are photographs showing a process of dyeing with scalp detoxification according to Example 1. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. In addition, the terms described below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and these may vary depending on the intention or precedent of the user. Therefore, the definition should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

In the description of the present invention, the same or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing each step of a method for deciphering scalp using hydrogen according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier of the present invention is installed. FIG.

1 to 3B, the method of decrypting scalp using hydrogen according to the present invention is a method of decrypting scalp oxidized by a cosmetic agent such as a dye, using hydrogen water and hydrogen, neutralizing the toxin of the scalp and maintaining a healthy scalp So that hair loss can be prevented and improved.

Specifically, the method for detoxifying a scalp using hydrogen according to the present invention comprises the steps of: preparing hydrogen-enriched hydrogenated water; S2 cleaning the scalp and hair using the hydrogenated water shower and shampoo, A step S3 of semi-drying the washed scalp and hair with a hydrogen dryer blown with hydrogen, preparing a mixed liquid in which the hydrogenated water and collagen are mixed, spraying the hair on the semi-dried scalp and hair, A step S5 in which the sprayed scalp and hair are kept sealed with a sealing member so that the mixed liquid is absorbed by the scalp and hair; and a step of removing the sealing member, (S6) of irradiating far-infrared rays, S7 of applying a dye to the hair and dyeing the hair, S 8, and drying the washed scalp and hair with the hydrogen dryer.

The hydrogen water in the step S1 may be prepared by aeration of hydrogen. It can be exemplified that approximately 1,000-5,000 ppb of dissolved hydrogen is dissolved through hydrogen aeration. When the aeration is stopped, the dissolved hydrogen maintenance period is 5 to 8 hours Respectively.

The shampoo used in the step S2 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a henna shampoo.

In step S3, the scalp and hair are semi-dried to facilitate application of the collagen mixture in step S4. And, in the hydrogen dryer, it is preferable to blow the air of normal temperature which is not heated to prevent hair damage.

The mixed solution in the step S4 may be prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of water and 1 to 10 parts by weight of natural collagen powder.

The sealing member in the step S5 may be made of a vinyl material and may have a sealing time of 5 to 15 minutes so that the mixed liquid can be absorbed well on the scalp and the hair by suppressing moisture evaporation.

The step S6 may be exemplified by irradiating the scalp and hair with hydrogen injection and far-infrared rays for 5 to 15 minutes.

Here, the hydrogen injection and the far infrared ray irradiation do not necessarily have to be performed simultaneously at a time, and the far infrared ray is continuously irradiated and the hydrogen injection is intermittently performed, or vice versa.

The step S7 is a step of dyeing with a stain agent. The staining agent may be a mixture of the water and the chemical stain agent, or a mixture of the water and the natural henna powder.

The application time of the dye is 1 to 3 hours. In the dyeing step, it is preferable to spray the water with mist at intervals of 10 to 20 minutes.

The step S8 is a step of washing the dye with the aqueous hydrogen prepared in the step S1.

The method may further include the step of completely drying the washed scalp and hair with the hydrogen dryer in step S9, applying oil to the dried scalp or hair, and spraying hydrogen.

The oil may be a commercially available hair or scalp oil, preferably a henna natural oil.

And the time for spraying hydrogen on the scalp or hair in the step S10 is 5 to 15 minutes.

In addition, the method may further include at least one of drinking water, hydrogen water sparge, and hydrogen inhalation after step S10.

Hereinafter, an integrated scalp management apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

The integrated scalp management apparatus 100 according to the present invention is configured to more easily perform the above-described scalp detoxification method, and includes a casing 110, and a dust collection unit 120 installed inside the casing 110, A hydrogen generation unit 140 for generating hydrogen by supplying hydrogen generated in the electrolysis unit 130 to the water contained in the electrolysis unit 130, Water shower 141 which is connected to the electrolytic unit 130 and has a pump 145 connected to the electrolytic unit 140 and the other end is drawn out to the outside of the casing 110 to spray hydrogen water, And a plurality of hydrogen supply hoses 147 for supplying the hydrogen generated in the electrolytic unit 130 and the blowing fan 151 are inserted and the air blown through the blowing fan 151 An air supply passage 153 for guiding air, A hydrogen generator 150 to which a hydrogen supply hose 147 is connected, a supporter 170 installed at one side of the casing 110, and a plurality of supporters 170 installed at one side of the supporter 170, A far infrared ray lamp 163 provided on the inner surface of the body 161 for irradiating far infrared rays and the hydrogen supply hose 147 communicating with one side of the body 161, A power supply unit 180 for supplying electric power to the electrolytic unit 130, the pump 145, the hydrogen dryer 150 and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier 160, and the electrolytic unit 130 and the hydrogen- A water supply part 185 for supplying water to the generator 140 and a control part for controlling the operation of the electrolytic part 130, the pump 145, the hydrogen dryer 150 and the hydrogen-far infrared ray feeder 160 can do.

A wheel 118 may be installed on the bottom of the casing 110, and a handle 119 may be provided on one side of the casing 118.

A plurality of receiving grooves 114 are formed in the upper plate 111 of the casing 110. A container or a mist sprayer capable of mixing natural henna powder and hydrogenated water, for example, .

A plurality of holes 115 are formed on one side of the casing 110 to allow the hoses of the hydrogen supply hose 147 or the water shower 141 to be drawn out. Hose (147) or water shower (141).

The electrolytic unit 130 includes a main body 130a in which an internal space is divided into a hydrogen chamber (not shown) and an oxygen chamber (not shown) A positive electrode plate 133b and a positive electrode plate 133a and a membrane member 133c disposed between the negative electrode plate 133b and the positive electrode plate 133a.

The electrolytic unit 130 functions to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The electrolytic unit 130 includes a cathode plate 133b, a cathode plate 133a, and a membrane member 133c, Chamber and an oxygen chamber.

The hydrogen chamber means an upper space of the anode plate 133b in the main body 130a, and the oxygen chamber means a space below the cathode plate 133a.

The cathode plate 133b and the anode plate 133a may be disposed transversely and may have a net shape. The membrane member 133c may be formed by wetting the water supplied to the hydrogen chamber through the water supply unit 185 And is inserted between the negative electrode plate 133b and the positive electrode plate 133a to be supplied to the positive electrode plate 133a.

The negative plate 133b and the positive plate 133a are connected to positive and negative power sources, respectively. When power is applied, hydrogen is generated in the negative plate 133b and oxygen is generated in the positive plate 133a.

An oxygen nozzle 135 for discharging oxygen generated from the positive electrode plate to the outside may be installed at one side of the oxygen chamber.

The hydrogen generating unit 140 receives hydrogen from the hydrogen chamber through the hydrogen supply hose 147.

The water shower 141 is provided with a supply button 143 to operate the pump 145 installed in the water generating unit 140 to spray the water.

The hydrogen supply hose 147 serves to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen dryer 150 and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier 160 or to inject hydrogen directly to scalp or hair. The hydrogen supply hose 147 is connected at one end to the hydrogen chamber And a solenoid valve (not shown) for controlling the hydrogen injection may be provided at the other end.

The solenoid valve may be turned on and off through the control unit 190. The water supply unit 185 may also be provided with the solenoid valve to automatically supply water if the water level falls below a predetermined level through a water level sensor 193 provided in the water generating unit 140. [

The control unit 190 controls operation of the supply button 143 and the electrolytic unit 130, the hydrogen dryer 150 and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier 160, (191) and a sensor.

The sensor may include the above-described water level sensor 193 and a temperature sensor 195 described later.

When the user presses the supply button 143 provided in the water shower 141, the control unit 190 supplies power to the electrolytic unit 130 to generate hydrogen to supply the hydrogen to the hydrogen generation unit 140, The water supply unit 185 operates the water supply unit 145 to inject hydrogen water in the water shower 141 and supplies the water to the water generation unit 140. [

4 is a view showing a state where a sealing member and a temperature sensor are installed in the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, a sheet-like sealing member 165 may be detachably installed at an open lower end of the body 161.

The sealing member 165 may be provided with an opening 165 at a lower portion thereof and a rubber ring 167 may be provided at an edge of the opening to provide elasticity.

A temperature sensor 195 for measuring the internal temperature of the body 161 is installed on one side of the body 161. When the internal temperature of the body 161 exceeds a preset temperature, Or the operation of the far infrared ray lamp 163 is turned off.

The hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier 160 is movably installed in the casing 110.

A first guide groove 112 formed in the longitudinal direction of the upper plate 111 of the casing 110 and a second guide groove 113 formed in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the first guide groove 112 .

A pair of guide protrusions 173 inserted in the second guide groove 113 is formed at the lower end of the support table 170.

The support base 170 includes a sliding portion 171 formed with the guide protrusion 173 to pivot in the left and right direction and a turning portion 175 hinged to the upper side of the sliding portion 171 in the horizontal direction.

Since the body 161 is rotated in the first guide groove 112, the hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier can be used in various aspects.

As described above, in the present invention, the hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier 160 is integrally fixed to the casing 110, and is movable and rotatable.

5A is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view showing a hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier of a structure different from that of FIG. 3 installed and folded.

Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, the hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier 160 of the present embodiment has a structure capable of sliding movement and folding.

The support member 170 includes a sliding portion 171 formed with the guide protrusion 173 and a folding portion 177 hinged to the sliding portion 171, The first guide groove 112 may extend to one end of the casing 110 and the second guide groove 113 may be formed to extend away from one end of the casing 110.

When the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier 160 is not used, the folding unit 177 is advantageous in that it can be folded and housed in the accommodating portion 117 provided at one side of the casing 110.

The receiving portion 117 means a space under the upper plate protruding to one side.

Hereinafter, a more preferred embodiment of the scalp detoxification method according to the present invention will be described in detail.

6A to 6F are photographs showing a process of dyeing with scalp detoxification according to Example 1. FIG.

Provide hydrogen-enriched hydrogen peroxide.

The scalp and hair are cleaned using a hydrogenated shower and a henna shampoo in which hydrogen is sprayed (see Fig. 6A).

The scalp and hair washed with a hydrogen dryer blown with hydrogen are semi-dried (see Figure 6b).

A mixed solution of hydrogenated water and collagen is prepared and sprayed on scalp and hair (see Fig. 6C).

The scalp and hair sprayed with the mixed solution are kept sealed with a sealing member made of a vinyl material for 10 minutes, and irradiated with hydrogen and hydrogen in a hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier for 10 minutes (see FIG. 6d)

The hair was dyed for 2 hours with the henna natural dye applied, spraying with hydrogen water mist sprayer (atomizer) twice at 20-minute intervals (see Figures 6e and 6f).

Rinse the scalp and hair applied with a water shower with plenty of water.

Dry the scalp and hair washed with a hydrogen dryer and finish by applying henna natural oil.

[ Sensory Evaluation ]

The panel of 8 panelists stained with the method of Example 1 was analyzed by a 7-point scale method ("closer to 7" is "very good" and closer to 1 point of "very bad"). Table 1 below summarizes.

The evaluation items were user satisfaction for scalp condition and hair damage after 1 to 10 days after dyeing, and 3 professional hairdressers with more than 10 years of experience were averaged to check the scalp condition before and after dyeing Expert evaluation was done.

division User satisfaction Expert Reviews Panel 1 (25-year-old female in Example 1) 7 6 Panel 2 (27 year old woman) 6 5 Panel 3 (45 year old woman) 5 4 Panel 4 (42 year old woman) 6 6 Panel 5 (31 year old female) 7 7 Panel 6 (43 year old female) 7 7 Panel 7 (21 year old female) 6 6 Panel 8 (31 year old male) 5 6

As a result of the dyeing according to the scalp detoxification method according to the present invention, it was confirmed that an excellent evaluation was obtained not only in user satisfaction but also in professional evaluation.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form set forth in the foregoing description. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims. It is also to be understood that the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

100: integrated scalp management device 110: casing
111: upper plate 112: first guide groove
113: second guide groove 114: receiving groove
115: hole 116: mounting collar
117: accommodating portion 118: wheel
119: handle 130: electrolytic part
140: Hydrogen generation unit 141: Water shower
143: supply button 145: pump
147: hydrogen supply hose 150: hydrogen dryer
151: a blower fan 153:
160: hydrogen-far-infrared ray feeder 161: body
163: far-infrared lamp 165: sealing member
166: opening 167: rubber ring
170: Support base 171: Sliding part
173: guide projection 175:
177: folding unit 180: power supply unit
185: water supply unit 190:
191: Operation panel 193: Water level sensor
195: Temperature sensor

Claims (7)

delete delete delete A casing;
An electrolytic unit installed in the casing and generating oxygen and hydrogen through electrolysis of water;
A hydrogen generating unit for receiving hydrogen generated in the electrolytic unit and aerating the water contained therein to produce hydrogen water;
A hydro-shower unit having a pump connected to the hydrogen-generating unit at one end thereof and a nozzle connected to the outside of the casing to inject hydrogen-containing water;
A plurality of hydrogen supply hoses, one end of which is communicated to one side of the electrolytic part and the other end is drawn out to supply hydrogen generated in the electrolytic part;
A hydrogen dryer in which a blowing fan is inserted and to which the hydrogen supply hose for supplying hydrogen to a guide passage for guiding air injected through the blowing fan is connected;
An infrared ray lamp provided on an inner surface of the body to emit a far infrared ray, and a second infrared ray lamp connected to one side of the body, A hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier comprising a hydrogen supply hose;
A power supply unit for supplying power to the electrolytic unit, the pump, the hydrogen dryer, and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier;
A water supply unit for supplying water to the electrolytic unit and the water generating unit;
And an operation panel for controlling operation of the electrolytic unit, the pump, the hydrogen dryer, and the hydrogen-far infrared ray supplier.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein a sheet-shaped sealing member is detachably installed at an open lower end of the body,
Wherein the sealing member is provided with an opening at a lower portion thereof, the rim of the opening is provided with a rubber ring for providing elasticity,
Wherein a temperature sensor for measuring the inside temperature of the body is installed at one side of the body so that the warning or the operation of the far infrared lamp is turned off when the inside temperature of the body exceeds a preset temperature. Management device.

5. The method of claim 4,
The hydrogen-far-infrared ray supplier is movably installed in the casing,
The upper plate of the casing is provided with a first guide groove formed in the longitudinal direction and a second guide groove formed in both sides of the first guide groove in the longitudinal direction,
And a pair of guide protrusions inserted into the second guide groove are formed at a lower end of the support base.
The method according to claim 6,
The support base includes a sliding portion formed with the guide protrusion and a folding portion hinged to the sliding portion,
The first guide groove extends to one end of the casing,
Wherein the second guide groove is formed to extend away from one end of the casing.

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