KR101653713B1 - Tag using Accurate FSK Frequency for Express Train Location Recognition - Google Patents

Tag using Accurate FSK Frequency for Express Train Location Recognition Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101653713B1
KR101653713B1 KR1020150047419A KR20150047419A KR101653713B1 KR 101653713 B1 KR101653713 B1 KR 101653713B1 KR 1020150047419 A KR1020150047419 A KR 1020150047419A KR 20150047419 A KR20150047419 A KR 20150047419A KR 101653713 B1 KR101653713 B1 KR 101653713B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
signal
frequency
output
tag
reference frequency
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KR1020150047419A
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Korean (ko)
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송민환
김용호
안일엽
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전자부품연구원
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Priority to KR1020150047419A priority Critical patent/KR101653713B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card

Abstract

A high-speed train location-aware tag with a precise FSK frequency is provided. A tag according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an oscillator for generating a reference frequency signal, a signal generator for generating a plurality of frequency signals by dividing the reference frequency signal, a controller for controlling the output of frequency signals in the signal generator based on the tag data, A filter for converting the frequency-modulated square wave signal output from the signal generator into a sinusoidal signal, and an antenna for transmitting the sinusoidal signal output from the filter. As a result, the frequency error / deviation is very small, the tag data can be reliably transmitted, and the train accident due to the uncertainty of information transmission can be prevented in advance.

Figure R1020150047419

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-speed train position recognition tag having a precise FSK frequency,

The present invention relates to a tag, and more particularly, to a tag applicable to a high-speed train system.

The tags for high-speed trains are installed on the track, and are used for position detection, speed calculation, direction recognition and control signal reception for trains. When the electric power is induced from the train by magnetic induction, the tag is stored in the memory and FSK modulation (Frequency Shift Keying Modulation) is performed to transmit the information to the train.

FIG. 1 shows a tag for a high-speed train that performs such a function. The conventional high speed train tag includes a nonvolatile memory 10, an MCU 20, an R / C based VCO 30, a balun 40 and a loop antenna 50 as shown in Fig. 1 .

The R / C based VCO 30 generates two different frequency signals f1 and f2 while selectively converting the R value of the R / C circuit.

The MCU 20 controls the frequency signal output of the R / C based VCO 30 based on the tag data stored in the nonvolatile memory 10, thereby performing FSK modulation on the tag data. Specifically, when the High signal is applied from the MCU 20, the R / C based VCO 30 outputs the frequency signal -1 (f1). When the Low signal is applied from the MCU 20, the R / C based VCO 30 Outputs frequency signal -2 (f2).

The FSK modulated signal output from the R / C based VCO 30 is transmitted to the loop antenna 50 through the balun 40 and transmitted to the train.

In the high-speed train tag shown in FIG. 1, since the R / C based VCO 30 is an oscillation circuit using an R / C circuit, a frequency error occurs somewhat in the generated frequency signals f1 and f2 . In the R / C circuit, it is due to the error between R and C.

Therefore, there is an inconvenience to perform additional sophisticated frequency correction operations when producing tags for high-speed trains. Also, even if a precise calibration operation is performed during production, an error may occur in the oscillation frequency of the R / C-based VCO 30 according to the temperature change.

In addition, since the tag for high-speed trains is supplied with power by magnetic induction, the power difference induced by the position of the tag and the train is large, so that the power supply voltage is not constant. Resulting in a frequency error.

In addition, the high-speed train tag shown in Fig. 1 counts the periods of f1 and f2 and prepares the next symbol, so that an error occurs in the baud rate signal when errors of f1 and f2 occur.

The above-mentioned frequency error and the baud rate error may result in a problem that the tag data can not be properly transmitted to the train, which may cause a serious problem of a train accident.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a tag which generates and uses an FSK modulation frequency more accurately used for modulating information to be transmitted to a train.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tag including: an oscillator for generating a reference frequency signal; A signal generator for dividing the reference frequency signal to generate a plurality of frequency signals; A controller for controlling the output of the frequency signals in the signal generator based on the tag data; A filter for converting the frequency-modulated square wave signal output from the signal generator into a sinusoidal signal; And an antenna for transmitting the sinusoidal signal output from the filter.

The signal generator divides the reference frequency signal by m to generate a first frequency signal, divides the reference frequency signal by n to generate a second frequency signal, and the difference between m and n is 1 .

Further, the tag according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a bass generator that generates an output timing of the frequency-modulated signal generated by the signal generator under the control of the controller, The output timing of the signal generator can be controlled based on the timing generated in the signal generator.

Then, the baud rate generator may generate the output timing by dividing the reference frequency signal.

The signal generator divides the reference frequency signal by m to generate a first frequency signal and divides the reference frequency signal by n to generate a second frequency signal, Can be divided into m x n.

The tag according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is connected to a downstream end of the filter and outputs a single signal output from the filter as a differential signal, And converting the signal into a signal.

In addition, the signal generator may output a frequency-modulated signal as a differential signal by the controller.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of transmitting tag data, comprising: generating a reference frequency signal; Dividing the reference frequency signal to generate a plurality of frequency signals; Controlling an output of the frequency signals based on the tag data; Converting the output frequency-modulated square wave signal into a sinusoidal signal; And transmitting the outputted sinusoidal signal.

As described above, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the frequency error / deviation is very small since the high frequency signal generated by the oscillator is frequency-divided to generate frequency signals to be used for FSK modulation. As a result, the tag data can be reliably transmitted and the train accident due to the uncertainty of the information transmission can be prevented in advance.

In addition, since the R / C circuit is not included in the oscillation circuit of the tag, a precise calibration work is not required, and the production process is simplified.

1 shows a conventional high speed train tag,
2 is a diagram illustrating a signal transmitted to a train in a high-speed train tag according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a block diagram of a high-speed train tag according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a detailed block diagram of the CPLD shown in FIG. 3,
5 is a block diagram of a high-speed train tag according to another embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an actual photograph of a tag according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
7 is a photograph showing a result of installing a tag on a track together with a result of installing a reader on a train,
FIG. 8 is a photograph showing a state in which tags are installed on a track and tags are recognized as the train passes.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 illustrates a signal transmitted to a train in a high-speed train tag according to an embodiment of the present invention. Wireless communication between high-speed train tags and trains takes place in the Industry-Science-Medical (ISM) band.

As shown in FIG. 2, the signal transmitted by the train for the high-speed train is an FSK modulated signal having a deviation of ± 282.24 kHz centered on 4.234 MHz. Thus, the frequencies constituting the FSK modulation signal are "f1 = 3.951 MHz" and "f2 = 4.516 MHz".

The signal transmission rate from the tag to the train is 564,480 bps. Accordingly, the symbol ends in seven cycles of the frequency signal -1 (f1), and the symbol ends in eight cycles of the frequency signal -2 (f2).

The tag for a high-speed train according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in a line and is used for detecting a position of a train, calculating a speed, grasping a direction and receiving a control signal.

When the electric power is induced from the train by magnetic induction, the tag is stored in the memory and FSK modulation (Frequency Shift Keying Modulation) is performed to transmit the information to the train.

3 is a block diagram of a high-speed train tag according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1, a high-speed train tag 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a non-volatile memory 110, a crystal oscillator 120, a complex programmable logic device (CPLD) A passive filter 140, a balun 150, and a loop antenna 160. The passive filter 140, the balun 150,

The non-volatile memory 110 is a non-volatile storage medium in which tag data is stored, and stored data is not lost even when there is no power from a train.

The crystal oscillator 120 generates a reference frequency signal. The generated reference frequency signal is much higher (e.g., 7 times or 8 times) than the signals used for FSK modulation. Crystal oscillator 120 does not require sophisticated frequency tuning during assembly.

The CPLD 130 generates and outputs an FSK modulation signal from the tag data stored in the nonvolatile memory 110 using the reference frequency signal generated by the crystal oscillator 120.

The CPLD 130 that performs this function includes a data rate generator 131, an FSK signal generator 133, and a tag controller 135.

The FSK signal generator 133 divides the reference frequency signal generated by the crystal oscillator 120 to generate the frequency signal -1 (f1) and the frequency signal -2 (f2). Specifically, the FSK signal generator 133 generates the frequency signal -1 (f1) by dividing the reference frequency signal by the frequency division ratio -1, divides the reference frequency signal by the frequency division ratio -2, .

The FSK signal generator 133 divides the reference frequency signal of the crystal oscillator 120 to generate the frequency signals f1 and f2 so that there is no deviation between the frequencies f1 and f2, The calibration process for the circuit is unnecessary, and the production process is simplified.

Even if there is an error in the reference frequency generated by the crystal oscillator 120, the error is divided by the frequency divided by the FSK signal generator 133. This is also true for the frequency error generated in the crystal oscillator 120 due to the temperature change.

The tag controller 135 controls the output of the frequency signals in the FSK signal generator 133 based on the tag data stored in the nonvolatile memory 110 to FSK modulate the tag data.

Specifically, when the tag data is "0", the tag controller 135 outputs the frequency signal -1 (f1) from the FSK signal generator 133. When the tag data is "1", the FSK signal generator 133 (F2) in the frequency domain is output.

The baud rate generator 131 generates the output timing of the FSK modulated signals in the FSK signal generator 133. [ In generating the output timing, the baud rate generator 131 also uses the reference frequency signal generated by the crystal oscillator 120. [

Specifically, the baud rate generator 131 divides the reference frequency signal generated by the crystal oscillator 120 by (division ratio -1) × (division ratio -2) to generate output timing. Since the baud rate generator 131 also uses the reference frequency signal generated by the crystal oscillator 120, the CPLD 130 has a very accurate baud rate.

The tag controller 135 controls the output operation of the FSK signal generator 133 in accordance with the output timing generated by the baud rate generator 131.

The passive filter 140 converts the FSK modulated square wave signal output from the FSK signal generator 133 into a sinusoidal wave signal.

The balun 150 is connected to the rear end of the passive filter 140 to match the passive filter 140 and the loop antenna 160. Specifically, since the FSK modulation signal output from the FSK signal generator 133 and the passive filter 140 is a single signal, the balun 150 converts the signal into a differential signal.

The loop antenna 160 transmits the sinusoidal FSK signal transmitted through the balun 150 to the train.

4 is a detailed block diagram of the CPLD 130 shown in FIG. 4, the FSK signal generator 133 generates frequency signals by dividing the reference frequency signal into 7 and 8 (div 7 and div 8), respectively, and the frequency generator 131 converts the reference frequency signal into 7 (Div 56) to generate output timing, and the tag controller 135 controls the writer, the NVRAM, and the toggle switch to generate the FSK modulation signal.

5 is a block diagram of a high-speed train tag according to another embodiment of the present invention. 5, a tag 200 for a high-speed train according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a nonvolatile memory 210, a crystal oscillator 220, a CPLD 230, a passive filter 240, And an antenna 250.

The FSK signal generator 233 provided in the CPLD 230 of the high-speed train tag 200 shown in FIG. 5 generates and outputs the differential FSK signal. The difference between the high-speed train tag 100 shown in FIG. 5 and the difference .

Since the FSK modulation signal output from the FSK signal generator 233 and the passive filter 240 is a differential signal, the balun 150 is omitted, unlike the high-speed train tag 100 shown in FIG.

On the other hand, a plurality of output ports of the FSK signal generator 233 are connected, and the output current can be flexibly and easily increased.

Except for these matters, the other elements are the same as those of the high-speed train tag 100 shown in FIG. 3, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 6 is a photograph of a tag implemented according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a photograph showing a result of installing a tag on a railway together with a result of installing a reader on a train. 8 is a photograph showing a state in which tags are installed on a track and tags are recognized as the train passes.

In the above embodiment, the numerical values referred to as the frequency and the division factor are all exemplary. It is of course possible to implement them in different values.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

100, 200: tags for high-speed trains
110, 210: Nonvolatile memory
120, 220: crystal oscillator
130, 230: Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD)
140, 240: passive filter
150: Balun
160, 250: loop antenna

Claims (8)

An oscillator for generating a reference frequency signal;
A signal generator for dividing the reference frequency signal to generate a plurality of frequency signals;
A controller for controlling the output of the frequency signals in the signal generator based on the tag data;
A filter for converting the frequency-modulated square wave signal output from the signal generator into a sinusoidal signal;
An antenna for transmitting a sinusoidal signal output from the filter; And
And a data generator for generating an output timing of the frequency modulated signal generated by the signal generator under the control of the controller,
The controller comprising:
And controls the output timing of the signal generator based on the timing generated by the data generator.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the signal generator comprises:
Dividing the reference frequency signal by m to generate a first frequency signal,
Divides the reference frequency signal by n to generate a second frequency signal,
Wherein the difference between m and n is one.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The above-
And generates the output timing by dividing the reference frequency signal.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the signal generator comprises:
Dividing the reference frequency signal by m to generate a first frequency signal,
Divides the reference frequency signal by n to generate a second frequency signal,
The above-
And dividing the reference frequency signal by m x n.
An oscillator for generating a reference frequency signal;
A signal generator for dividing the reference frequency signal to generate a plurality of frequency signals;
A controller for controlling the output of the frequency signals in the signal generator based on the tag data;
A filter for converting the frequency-modulated square wave signal output from the signal generator into a sinusoidal signal; And
And an antenna for transmitting a sinusoidal signal output from the filter,
Wherein the signal generator comprises:
A controller for outputting a frequency-modulated signal as a single signal,
And a balun connected to a rear end of the filter to convert a single signal output from the filter into a differential signal.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the signal generator comprises:
And the frequency-modulated signal is output as a differential signal by the controller.
Generating a reference frequency signal;
Dividing the reference frequency signal to generate a plurality of frequency signals;
Controlling an output of the frequency signals based on the tag data;
Converting the output frequency-modulated square wave signal into a sinusoidal signal; And
And transmitting an output sinusoidal signal,
Wherein the control step comprises:
Generating output timing of a plurality of frequency signals;
And controlling output of the frequency signals according to the output timing based on the tag data.
KR1020150047419A 2015-04-03 2015-04-03 Tag using Accurate FSK Frequency for Express Train Location Recognition KR101653713B1 (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130075544A (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-05 한국전자통신연구원 Apparatus and method for transmitting tag

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20130075544A (en) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-05 한국전자통신연구원 Apparatus and method for transmitting tag

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