KR101635900B1 - Caisson having T-shaped and Reverse T-shaped Column, and Port Structures using it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to caissons for coastal harbors, breakwaters including them, and quay walls.
To this end, the present invention provides a caisson for a coastal harbor, comprising: a lower plate installed on a sea floor; a rear wall provided on a rear upper surface of the lower plate; a left side wall provided on a left upper surface of the lower plate; The front wall is opened by the right wall to construct an outer wall portion having an inner space and the inner wall of the left wall is provided with a first sofa for dissipating the energy of the waves, A second sofa plate protrudes from the inner wall of the front end of the right side wall and a space between the first sofa plate and the second sofa plate is provided with a T-shaped first sofa column and an inverted T- 2 soap pillars are repeatedly spaced apart from each other, and on the upper surface of the lower plate at least one And at least four large separation spaces are formed. The large separation space at the rear of the large separation space is filled with a filling material having its own weight and used as a gravity chamber, and the large separation space at the front is used as a water- .

Description

{Caisson having T-shaped and Reverse T-shaped Columns and Port Structures using it}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a caisson having a T-shaped and inverted T-type sofa column, a breakwater containing the same, and a seawall. More specifically, the present invention relates to an outer wall having front and rear walls, The first and second sofa plates are protruded from the inner wall of the front end of the wall, and a first sofa column of the T shape and a second sofa column of the inverted T shape are repeatedly spaced apart from each other between the first and second sofa plates , A caisson having a T-shaped, inverted-T sofa pillar, a breakwater containing the same, and a quay.

In general, harbor structures including breakwater facilities and quay walls are installed for the purpose of securing the internal temperature of the harbor, protecting harbor facilities from tidal waves and waves, and facilitating the loading and unloading of ships.

The breakwater facility consists of an inclined breakwater with stones on the bottom of the seabed and a clay stone or soap block on the incised slope, an upright breakwater with a block or caisson forming the base of the slate, a combination of the inclined breakwater and the upright breakwater Composite breakwaters, etc., and it is preferable to plan the quay wall facilities in an upright manner, so that they are formed by laminating blocks or installing caissons.

Prior art documents using the above-mentioned caisson include Korean Patent No. 10-1043685 'Caisson of a sofa structure shown in FIG. 1, a quay wall, a breakwater, and a backhoe (disclosed on May 20, 2010).

Unlike the conventional caisson, the prior art document has a slit to open the front surface or the side surface to provide a sofa effect. However, the size of the oil seals is limited and the effect of reducing reflected waves is small.

In addition, the front portion where the slit is formed is structurally fragile, so that a certain thickness or more must be secured, leading to an increase in self weight and an increase in material cost.

On the other hand, in order to increase the reduction of the reflected wave, there is a caisson having a slit formed in the front and back sides to form a double slit, but since the inside of the caisson can not be filled in, The width of the caisson is greatly increased, and the thickness of the front wall and the rear wall of the sofa chamber is increased, resulting in an economical problem.

The present invention has been conceived to solve the problems described above, and it is an object of the present invention to increase the sofa effect on wave energy and to sufficiently secure the size of the water discharge chamber so as to secure the effect of reducing reflected waves, It secures the strength of the open front while decreasing its weight, secures enough resistance against the rising waves, and forms a caisson with only T-shaped and inverted T-shaped sofa columns integrally formed with vertical concrete wall by continuous casting of concrete. There is a purpose.

A caisson (C) for a coastal harbor according to the present invention comprises a lower plate (100) installed on a sea floor, a rear wall (210) provided on a rear upper surface of the lower plate (100) The front wall is opened by the left side wall 220 and the right side wall 230 installed on the upper right side of the lower plate 100 to construct the outer wall part 200 having the inner space S, A first sofa plate 310 is protruded from the inner wall of the front end of the left wall 220 so as to dissipate the energy of waves by deforming the flow of waves incident on the opened outer wall portion 200, A second sofa plate 320 protrudes from an inner wall of the front end of the first sofa plate 310 and a space between the first sofa plate 310 and the second sofa plate 320, A second sofa column 350 of an inverted T shape is repeatedly spaced apart from the upper surface of the lower panel 100. On the upper surface of the lower panel 100, At least one large separating partition wall DW is formed by equally dividing the large separation space SS into a large separation space SS at the rear of the large separation space SS, Is used as the gravity chamber (400) by filling the filling material with its own weight, and the large separation space (SS) at the front is used as the water chamber (500) so that seawater flows in.

Further, a third sofa plate 330 protruding from both ends of the partition wall DW1 extending from the outer wall part 200, which is open from the front, of the large partition barriers DW1 of + shape is formed .

In addition, the gravity chamber 400 is provided with a small-sized diaphragm DW2 to form four small separation spaces 410.

An upper board SB connecting the left and right walls 220 and 230 is installed on the first sofa pillar 340 and the second sofa pillar 350.

And an upper concrete 420 is further formed on the upper portion of the gravity chamber 400.

Meanwhile, the breakwaters including caissons according to the present invention are constructed by constructing a plurality of caissons (C) for coastal harbor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and connecting the side surfaces of a plurality of caissons (C) .

Meanwhile, the seawall including the caisson according to the present invention is constructed by constructing a plurality of caissons (C) for coastal harbor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and connecting the sides of a plurality of caissons (C) .

As described above, according to the present invention, according to the caisson having the T-shaped and inverted T-type sofa columns and the breakwaters and the quay walls including the T-shaped, inverted-T type sofa columns, A slit is formed to obtain a sofa effect on the wave energy.

In addition, the first and second sofa columns of the T-shape and the inverted T-shape are mutually shifted, so that the effect of the sofa and the reduction of the reflected wave can be secured at the same time.

Further, it is possible to sufficiently secure the size of the water discharge chamber by separately forming the sofa portion and the water discharge chamber.

Also, since the first and second sofa plates and the first and second sofa columns are formed in an integrated structure so that the sectional modulus is increased, the thickness of the wall can be reduced to secure the strength of the front surface having the slits while reducing its own weight.

In addition, the upper panel is integrally provided on the upper portion of the first sofa column and the second sofa column, so that the entire sofa portion acts as a structural cross-section, thereby ensuring sufficient resistance against the wave force.

Furthermore, it is possible to control the phenomenon that the front face of the caisson is lifted by the positive pressure by filling the bottom of the water chamber.

In addition, there is an advantage that the caisson is constituted only by a vertical wall, and a caisson having a T-shaped, inverted T-shaped first and second sofa columns formed at a time by continuous concrete casting is advantageous.

1 is a perspective view of a caisson according to the prior art;
FIG. 2A is a perspective view illustrating a caisson having a T-shaped, inverted T-type sofa pillar according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
Figures 2b and 2d are perspective views illustrating a caisson having a T-shaped, inverted T-shaped sofa pillar according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2c is a perspective view showing a caisson having a T-shaped inverted T-shaped sofa pillar, in which a top plate is laid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a plan view showing a caisson having a T-shaped, inverted T-type sofa column according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 3B is a conceptual view showing flows of running water in a sofa part and a water chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a caisson having a T-shaped, inverted T-shaped sofa column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view illustrating a harbor structure including a caisson in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater including a caisson in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view of a septum including a caisson in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a block diagram showing a method of manufacturing a caisson according to the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

On the other hand, the front face defined in the present invention is defined as meaning the sea side.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a caisson according to the related art. Unlike a general caisson, a slit is formed to open a front part or a side part to provide a sofa effect. However, since a sofa part and a water- There was a limit to the size, and the effect of reducing reflected waves was small because the rear portion was not opened.

In addition, the front portion where the slit is formed is structurally fragile, so that a certain thickness or more must be secured, leading to an increase in self weight and an increase in material cost.

2 to 7, the caisson C for a coastal harbor according to the present invention includes a lower plate 100 installed on a sea floor, a rear wall 210 installed on a rear upper surface of the lower plate 100, A left side wall 220 provided on a left upper surface of the lower plate 100 and a right side wall 230 provided on a right upper surface of the lower plate 100, (200).

At least one large-sized separating partition wall DW1 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower plate 100 so as to equally divide the inner space S of the outer wall part 200 into at least four large separation spaces SS The large separation space SS in the rear of the large separation space SS is used as the gravity chamber 400 by filling the filling material having its own weight and the large separation space SS in front of the large separation space SS is filled with seawater So that it is used as the water retention chamber 500.

A first sofa plate 310 is protruded from the inner wall of the front end of the left side wall 220 to dissipate the energy of waves by deforming the flow of waves incident on the front wall 200, A second sofa plate 320 protrudes from the inner wall of the front end of the right side wall 230. A space between the first sofa plate 310 and the second sofa plate 320 is provided with a T- The pillars 340 and the second sofa pillars 350 of the inverted T shape are repeatedly disposed apart from each other.

At this time, a T-shaped first sofa pillar 340 and an inverted T-shaped second sofa pillar 350 are formed in the space between the first sofa plate 310 and the second sofa plate 320, Thereby forming a slit naturally on the front surface and the rear surface of the part 200.

등과 같은 형상으로 제작되어질 수 있으며, 본 발명의 T자, 역T자 형태는 상기한 형상을 포괄하는 것으로 정의한다.Sectional shapes of the first sofa column 340 and the second sofa column 350 may be variously formed,

, And the T character and the inverted T character shape of the present invention are defined to include the above shape.

The first sofa plate 310, the second sofa plate 320, the first sofa column 340 and the second sofa column 350 are configured to obtain a sofa effect on the wave energy, And the wave energy of the wave is reduced due to the second soaking in the process of passing through the slit on the rear side.

At this time, unlike the prior art, the sofa portion may be formed separately from the water chamber 500 to sufficiently secure the size of the water chamber 500, and as shown in FIG. 3B, It is possible to effectively control the reflected wave reflected by the large partition wall DW1.

The first and second sofa poles 310 and 320 and the first and second sofa poles 350 and 350 may be integrally formed by using the first and second sofa poles 340 and 350, The sofa portion itself including the 1,2 sofa pillars 340 and 350 functions as one thick wall.

Thus, the thickness of the rear wall 210, the left and right walls 220 and 230 of the outer wall 200 can be reduced to reduce the weight of the inner wall 200, and sufficient strength can be secured in the sofa, .

In addition, the T-shaped first sofa pillars 340 and the inverted T-shaped second sofa pillars 350 are disposed to be shifted from each other, so that the front slits and the rear slits are naturally shifted from each other.

3B, when the slits on the front and rear surfaces are mutually shifted, the flow of the flowing water is switched, and the reflected wave due to the converted flowing water is reflected again on the large partition wall DW1, It is possible to effect the effect of reducing the reflection wave in a chain.

Thus, the sofa effect and the reflected wave reduction effect by the T-shaped first sofa column 340 and the inverted T-shaped second sofa column 350 can be secured at the same time.

The size and arrangement interval of the first sofa column 340 and the inverted T-shaped second sofa column 350 can be changed flexibly according to the condition of the installation site of the caisson C, It is preferable that the aperture ratio, which means the area ratio of the slits, is usually in the range of 25 to 30%.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the water retention chamber 500 may be provided with an inner filling material according to the depth and depth of the installation site.

In addition, a third sofa plate 330 may be formed to protrude from both ends of the partition wall DW1 extending from the outer wall part 200, which is open to the front of the large partition barriers DW1.

The third sofa plate 330 functions to reinforce a portion that is structurally vulnerable due to the first sofa pillars 340 and the second sofa pillars 350. The T- So that the effect of the sofa effect and the reflected wave can be reduced as in the case of the column 340.

In addition, four small separation spaces 410 can be formed by providing the + Z-shaped small separation barrier DW2 in the gravity chamber 400. [

Thereby, there is a technical advantage that the space of the gravity chamber 400 can be further subdivided so that the filling material can be efficiently provided.

2A, an upper plate SB connecting the left and right walls 220 and 230 may be installed on the first sofa column 340 and the second sofa column 350, have.

That is, as described above, the sofa portion including the first and second sofa plates 310 and 320 and the first and second sofa columns 340 and 350 functions as one strong wall itself, The first and second sofa pillars 340 and 350 spaced apart from each other may be damaged by strong wave energy and reflected waves thereof.

An upper plate SB connecting the left and right side walls 220 and 230 is installed on the upper part of the first sofa column 340 and the second sofa column 350 so as to be adjacent to the first sofa column 340, The second sofa pillars 350 can be integrated with each other to sufficiently secure the strength of the sofa portion.

2B, a precast cover 360 is provided on the first sofa column 340 and the second sofa column 350, and the precast cover 360 The upper plate SB can be installed.

That is, the precast cover 360 is provided on the first sofa column 340 and the second sofa column 350 and the first sofa column 340 is installed by installing the upper plate SB. And the second sofa pillars 350 are integrated with each other, the strength of the first sofa pillars 340 and the second sofa pillars 350 can be sufficiently secured, and furthermore, , It is also possible to control the rising wave.

In addition, a front connection wall 370 and a rear connection wall 380 are formed under the first sofa pillars 340 and the second sofa pillars 350 to ensure the structural integrity of the sofa portion.

6, a plurality of caissons C for coastal harbor according to one of claims 1 to 5 are manufactured, and a plurality of caissons (not shown) C).

At this time, the breakwater may be composed of a base stone 600, a clay stone 700, and a caisson C of the present invention.

Specifically, the breakwater has a front inclined portion 610 and a rear inclined portion 620 formed on the front and rear surfaces, respectively, and a base inclined portion 600 is formed so that the flat portion 630 is provided thereon.

At this time, the clasp 700 is provided to cover the front slope part 610 and the rear slope part 620 to prevent collapse of the base slate part 600 and to maintain the shape.

The upper part of the flat part 630 is provided with a caisson C according to the present invention and a filling material is provided in the gravity chamber 400 of the caisson C, Can be installed and completed.

The floatation concrete 420 prevents leakage of the filling material provided in the gravity chamber 400, increases its own weight, and enables utilization of the upper surface.

7, a plurality of caissons C for coastal harbor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are manufactured, and a plurality of caissons (C).

At this time, the quay wall is composed of a base stone 600, a clay stone 700, a backfill 800 and a caisson C of the present invention.

Specifically, the front wall is formed with a front inclined portion 610 on its front surface and a base inclined portion 600 so that a flat portion 630 is formed on the front inclined portion 610.

At this time, a clay stone 700 is provided to cover the front slanting part 610 to prevent leakage of the base slushing part 600 and to maintain the shape.

The caisson C of the present invention is installed on the flat portion 630 and the backfill portion 800 is formed on the rear surface of the caisson C so as to form a quay wall facility.

In addition, a filling material is provided in the gravity chamber 400 of the caisson (C) so that its own weight can be secured, and the upper concrete 420 can be installed on the upper part.

The method M for constructing the caisson for constructing the harbor structure according to the present invention includes the steps of forming a lower plate form S100, a barrier form forming step S200, a reinforcement step S300, and a concrete pouring step S400. .

The lower plate forming step S100 is a step of forming a lower plate form to form the caisson lower plate 100. [

The step S200 of forming the wall formwork after the step S100 of forming the lower plate is performed by opening the front side by the rear side wall 210, the left side wall 220 and the right side wall 230, A first sofa plate 310 is protruded from the inner wall of the front end of the left wall 220 and a second sofa plate 320 is protruded from the inner wall of the front end of the right wall 230, The first sofa pillar 340 and the second sofa pillar 350 in the T shape are repeatedly formed in the space between the first sofa plate 310 and the second sofa plate 320, And a wall mold is formed to form four large separation spaces SS by installing a large-sized separating partition wall DW1 in a shape of a letter to divide the internal space S into four equal parts.

At this time, the caisson (C) is composed of only the vertical wall, and other horizontal members are unnecessary, so that the form for the entire vertical wall can be formed at one time.

The reinforcement step S300 is a step of placing reinforcing bars inside the lower plate formwork and the wall formwork.

At this time, it is preferable that a part of the reinforcing bars protrude upward to achieve structural integrity with the upright concrete 420 on the upper part of the gravity chamber 400.

The concrete pouring step S400 after the reinforcement step S300 is a step of pouring concrete into the lower plate formwork and the wall formwork at a time.

That is, in the case of installing a horizontal member or the like in order to increase the weight of the front surface of the conventional caisson, the formability and the concrete pouring must be carried out several times to reduce the workability. However, The method (M) is constituted only by a vertical wall, and a caisson can be formed at a time with a single concrete pouring, which has an advantage of improving workability.

The front cover 360 is provided on the first sofa pillars 340 and the second sofa pillars 350 and the top plate SB is installed to cover the precast covers 360 Step S500.

The concrete pouring of the upper plate SB may be installed at the installation site of the caisson. In this case, it is preferable that the upper concrete 420 located above the gravity chamber 400 is also poured.

The caisson having the T-type and inverted T-type sofa pillars according to the present invention described above, the breakwaters and the quay walls including the caissons are not limited to the above-described embodiments, but may be modified without departing from the gist of the present invention It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

C: Caisson DW1: Large separation barrier
DW2: Small separation barrier S: Inner space
SS: Large separation space SB: Top plate
100: lower plate 200: outer wall portion
210: rear side wall 220: left side wall
230: right side wall 310: first sofa plate
320: second sofa plate 330: third sofa plate
340: first sofa pillar 350: second sofa pillar
360: precast cover 370: front connection wall
380: rear connection wall 400: gravity chamber
410: Small separation space 420: Thick concrete
500: water retention chamber 600:
610: front inclined portion 620: rear inclined portion
630: flat part 700:
800: backfill
M: Method of making caisson S100: Formation of lower plate form
S200: Formation of wall mold S300: Reinforcement step
S400: concrete pouring step S500: top plate installing step

Claims (7)

In a caisson (C) for coastal harbor,
A lower plate 100 installed on the sea floor,
A left side wall 220 installed on a left upper surface of the lower plate 100 and a right side wall 230 installed on a right upper surface of the lower plate 100. The rear side wall 210 is provided on a rear upper surface of the lower plate 100, An outer wall part 200 having an open front and an inner space S,
A first sofa plate 310 is protruded from the inner wall of the front end of the left side wall 220 to dissipate the energy of waves by deforming the flow of waves incident on the outer side wall 200 opened to the front side, A second sofa plate 320 protrudes from the inner wall of the front end of the wall 230 and a space between the first sofa plate 310 and the second sofa plate 320 is provided with a T- 340 and an inverted T-shaped second sofa column 350 are repeatedly spaced apart,
At least one large-sized divergent partition wall DW1 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower plate 100 so as to equally divide the internal space S of the outer wall part 200 to form at least four large separation spaces SS. And the large separation space SS at the rear of the large separation space SS is filled with a filling material having its own weight and is used as the gravity chamber 400. The large separation space SS at the front is used as a water- (500). ≪ / RTI >
The method according to claim 1,
And a third sofa plate (330) protruding from both ends of the partition wall (DW1) extended from the outer wall part (200) of which the front face is open out of the large partition wall part (DW1) Caisson for.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the gravity chamber (400) is provided with a small-sized separating partition wall (DW2) of + shape to form four small separation spaces (410).
The method of claim 3,
Wherein a top board SB connecting the left and right walls 220 and 230 is installed on the first sofa pillar 340 and the second sofa pillar 350.
5. The method of claim 4,
And an upper concrete (420) is further formed on the upper portion of the gravity chamber (400).
A breakwater comprising a plurality of caissons (C) for coastal harbor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and connecting side surfaces of a plurality of caissons (C).
A quay wall constructed by assembling a plurality of caissons (C) for coastal harbor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and connecting side faces of a plurality of caissons (C).

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