KR101627434B1 - Structure of generating heat - Google Patents

Abstract

A heating structure capable of controlling a heating area and a heating capacity comprises: a base divided into a transparent area and an opaque area; a transparent first heating body formed in the transparent area; a second heating body formed in a part of the opaque area; and an electrode body formed in the part of the opaque area, and provided to independently apply power to each of the first and second heating bodies.

Description

{STRUCTURE OF GENERATING HEAT}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating structure, and more particularly, to a heating structure having a heating element individually on a substrate partitioned into a plurality of regions.

A variety of materials can be utilized for the transparent conductive thin film. The most widely used material is ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), and carbon-based materials including conductive polymer, carbon nanotube and graphene can be used. In addition, various materials such as oxide type ZnO, SnO 2, In 2 O 3 and InZnO are utilized and metals (for example, Au, Al, Ag, Cu, etc.) can be used. In addition, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films and the like can be used.

As the conductive polymer and the conductive plastic, a conductive material based on polymers such as PEDOT: PSS, polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole and polyacetylene can be used.

In addition, carbon nanotubes and graphene can be formed on the inside or on the surface of a transparent substrate using a carbon-based material, and thus, can be used for a transparent conductive film. Further, a hybrid material in which other materials such as metals, polymers, etc. are bonded to the carbon material may be used.

As another example, it is mainly made of metal, and a method of applying a very thin metal such as Au, Ag, Al, and Cu can secure transparency and conductivity at the same time. However, considering the mechanical stability and applicability to substrates, it is generally more effective to make these metals in the form of mesh or grating. In the case of a mesh or a grating, since the portion of the conductive material exists in the form of a line, the remaining portion without the line is very advantageous for light transmission. Therefore, it is possible to increase the transmittance as a whole and at the same time to have a low resistance.

However, in the case of ITO, it is possible to fabricate the surface resistance by changing the surface resistance from several ohms / o to several ohms / sq depending on the manufacturing conditions, but in order to lower the resistance to several ohms / o, Also, there is a problem in that flexibility and stability against impact are low. In the case of carbon nanotubes, graphenes, and conductive polymers, it is very difficult to lower the surface resistance to several tens of ohms / sq, generally without sacrificing transparency. In the case of a metal grid, it is possible to form very low resistance zones, but it is difficult to produce very small line widths in large areas in order to be invisible. In particular, it is very difficult to reduce the terminal resistance to 1 Ω or less even if it is made like this.

Furthermore, when the heating structure is applied to a vehicle, it is possible to control the heating area to selectively heat the wiper, or to adjust the heating area such that the heating purpose is different from the heating capacity required, such as deicing or defogging It is necessary to adjust the heating area and heating capacity.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating structure capable of adjusting a heating area and a heating capacity.

According to embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a heating structure including a base divided into a transparent region and a non-transparent region, a first heating element formed on the transparent region and transparent, a second heating element formed on a part of the non-transparent region, And an electrode body that is formed on a part of the first and second heating elements so as to independently apply power to the first and second heating elements.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the electrode assembly may be provided to connect each of the first and second heating elements in parallel.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the non-transparent region is defined along an edge of the base, and the electrode body includes a first main electrode line and a second main electrode line provided to face each other, The first auxiliary electrode lines being branched from the first main electrode line toward the second main electrode line and branching from the second main line toward the first main electrode line, the first auxiliary electrode lines being electrically connected to the first heating element, And second auxiliary electrode lines electrically connected to the second heating element.

Here, one of the second auxiliary electrode lines may be electrically connected to the second main electrode line, and the other of the second auxiliary electrode lines may be electrically connected to the first main electrode line through a switch have.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first heating element includes at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, graphenes, metal oxides, metal nanowires, metal meshes, and transparent heating elements including a metal grid, The second heating element may be made of an opaque metal material.

The heat generating spheres according to the embodiments of the present invention are very transparent in a transparent region requiring visibility, and electrodes are separately connected in a non-transparent region except for the transparent region to control a resistance or a heat generating region. Therefore, only a part of the area can be heated independently by adjusting the heating area, and furthermore, the first and second heating elements are connected in parallel to each other, so that the total resistance can be reduced and the heating capacity can be increased. Therefore, it is advantageous that high input power can be applied to a fixed voltage without sacrificing transparency as compared with a conventional transparent conductive film.

FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating a heating structure according to embodiments of the present invention. FIG.
1B is a circuit diagram for explaining the heating structure of FIG.
Fig. 2 is a plan view for explaining the base of Fig. 1. Fig.
3A is a plan view for explaining a heating structure according to embodiments of the present invention.
3B is a circuit diagram for explaining the heating structure of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is capable of various modifications and various forms, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the text. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the accompanying drawings, the sizes and the quantities of objects are shown enlarged or reduced from the actual size for the sake of clarity of the present invention.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprise", "comprising", and the like are intended to specify that there is a feature, step, function, element, or combination of features disclosed in the specification, Quot; or " an " or < / RTI > combinations thereof.

On the other hand, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating a heating structure according to embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a circuit diagram for explaining the heating structure of FIG. Fig. 2 is a plan view for explaining the base of Fig. 1. Fig.

1A to 2, a heating structure 100 according to embodiments of the present invention includes a base 101, a first heating element 110, a second heating element 120, and an electrode body 130 . The heat generating structure 100 includes first and second heat generating elements 110 and 120 disposed on a base 101 divided into a plurality of regions so that heat can be driven for each region.

The base 101 is divided into a transparent region 103 and a non-transparent region 105. The transparent area 103 corresponds to an area where a user's field of view such as a driver or an operator should be secured. For example, when the heating structure 100 is applied to a vehicle window, the transparent region 103 may be a region corresponding to a visible window from which the driver's view can be secured.

The non-transparent area 105 corresponds to an area in which the view of the user need not be secured. For example, when the heating structure 100 is applied to a vehicle window, the non-transparent region 105 may be a region corresponding to a wiper zone where a driver's view can be secured.

The transparent region 103 may correspond to a central portion of the base 101 and the non-transparent region 105 may correspond to a peripheral portion formed along an edge of the base 101.

The base 101 may comprise an optically transparent substrate. For example, the base 101 may be a glass substrate such as quartz, a polymer substrate such as polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polyethylene (PE) Substrate. In this case, the base may have a light transmittance of 30% or more.

The first heating element 110 is formed in the transparent region 103. For example, the first heating element 110 may be formed of ITO, carbon nanotube, graphene, conductive polymer, metal nanowire, metal mesh, metal grid, conductive oxide, or the like. Accordingly, the first heating element 110 may have a relatively good light transmittance.

The first heating element 110 may be formed by sputtering, spin coating, gravure printing, transfer, spray coating, or slit coating. Can be applied over the transparent base 101 by various coating methods including dip coating.

Various methods such as optical lithography, e-beam lithography, nanoimprint, interference lithography, and laser sintering / ablation can be used to form the first heating element 110 having a mesh or grid pattern having a low fill factor have. In particular, optical lithography, nanoimprint, interference lithography, etc. can be used to produce a pattern having a line width of 1um or less at a low cost on a large area.

In fabricating the above structure, a pattern structure may be formed using only one material and connected to the terminal electrode. For example, it is possible to fabricate a whole pattern with one silver (Ag) material.

The second heat generating element 120 is formed in the non-transparent region 105. For example, the second inventive body 120 may have a line shape. When the non-transparent region 105 is located on the upper and lower edges of the base 101, the second heating element 120 may be formed on the upper and lower edges, respectively. Thus, the second heating element 120 may have a symmetrical shape.

The second heating element 120 may be made of metal. Thus, the second heating element 120 may have optically non-transparent characteristics.

Alternatively, the second heating element 120 may be formed of ITO, a carbon nanotube, a graphene, a conductive polymer, a metal nanowire, a metal mesh, a metal grid, or a conductive oxide. Therefore, the second heating element 120 may also have relatively good light transmittance.

The second heating element 120 may be formed by sputtering, spin coating, gravure printing, transfer, spray coating, or slit coating. (101) by a variety of coating methods including dip coating.

Various methods such as optical lithography, e-beam lithography, nanoimprint, interference lithography, and laser sintering / ablation may be used to form the second heating element 120 having a mesh or grid pattern having a low fill factor have. In particular, optical lithography, nanoimprint, interference lithography, etc. can be used to produce a pattern having a line width of 1um or less at a low cost on a large area.

The electrode body 130 is formed in a part of the non-transparent region 105. The electrode assembly is provided to independently apply power to each of the first and second heating elements 110 and 120.

For example, the electrode assembly 130 may include a first main electrode line 131, a second main electrode line 133, first auxiliary electrode lines 136, and second auxiliary electrode lines 138 .

The first and second main electrode lines 131 and 133 are disposed to face each other. For example, the first and second main electrode lines 131, 133 may be formed along the shortest axis of the base.

One of the first auxiliary electrode lines 136 is branched from the first main electrode line 131 toward the second main electrode line 133. The other one of the first auxiliary electrode lines 136 is branched from the second main line 133 toward the first main electrode line 131. Each of the first auxiliary electrode lines 136a and 136b may be formed along the long axis of the base. Each of the first auxiliary electrode lines 136a and 136b is electrically connected to the first heating element.

The second auxiliary electrode lines 138 are independent of the first heating element 110 and are electrically connected to the second heating element 120. That is, when the second heating element 120 is formed on the non-transparent region, the second auxiliary electrode lines 138 may be formed on the upper and lower portions of the non-transparent region, respectively.

As a result, each of the first and second heating elements 110 and 120 can be individually driven. For example, when power is applied to the first heating element 110 formed in the transparent region 105, the transparent region 105 can be selectively heated. That is, when the heating structure 100 performs the defrosting operation, a part of the base 101 corresponding to the transparent region 103 may be selectively heated to remove the frost. On the other hand, when power is applied to the second heating element 120 formed in the non-transparent area 105, the non-transparent area 105 can be selectively heated.

In one embodiment of the present invention, one of the second auxiliary electrode lines 138 is electrically connected to the second main electrode line 133, and the other of the second auxiliary electrode lines 138 And one end 138a may be electrically connected to the first main electrode line 131 through a switch 140. [

When the switch 140 is turned off, the other one of the second auxiliary electrode lines 138a is not connected to the first main electrode line 131, so that the second heating element 120, Is not driven. Accordingly, only the transparent region 103 is heated as only the first heating element 110 is selectively driven.

Meanwhile, when the switch is turned on, the other one of the second auxiliary electrode lines 138a is connected to the first main electrode line 131, so that the first and second heating elements 110 and 120 Both the transparent region 103 and the non-transparent region 105 can be heated. In this case, the first and second heating elements 110 and 120 may be connected in parallel. The total resistance Req can be defined by the following equation (1).

Equation 1

For example, when the first and second heat generating elements 110 and 120 are integrally connected in series, the first and second heat emitting elements 110 and 120 have a total resistance value R. On the other hand, when the first and second heat generating elements 110 and 120 are divided to have the same resistance value (R _T = R _N = R / 2) and connected in parallel to each other, and the _{(R T = R N = R} / 2) the resistance value is decreased to a half of the _{(R T / 2 = R N} / 2 = R / 4). Therefore, when the same voltage is applied to each of the first and second heat emitting elements 110 and 120 in parallel, the electric power is lowered when compared with the case where the same voltage is independently applied to each of the first and second heat emitting bodies And the same voltage is quadrupled when compared with the case where the first and second heat generating elements 110 and 120 are integrally connected in series.

As a result, when the normally-off switch 140 is turned on, the first and second heating elements 110 and 120 may have improved overall heating capacity.

3A is a plan view for explaining a heating structure according to embodiments of the present invention. 3B is a circuit diagram for explaining the heating structure of FIG.

A heating structure 100 according to embodiments of the present invention includes a base 101, a first heating element 110, a second heating element 120, and an electrode body 130. The heat generating structure 100 includes first and second heat generating elements 110 and 120 disposed on a base 101 divided into a plurality of regions so that heat can be driven for each region. The exothermic structure 100 further includes a first switch 141 and a second switch 143.

The first switch 141 and the second switch 143 are provided in the first main electrode line 131 and the second main electrode line 133, respectively. The first switch 141 determines whether the first main electrode line 131 and one of the second auxiliary electrode lines 138a are connected to each other and the second switch 143 determines whether the second main electrode line 131 is connected to the second main electrode line 131. [ (133) and the other one of the second auxiliary electrode lines (138b).

When the first and second switches 141 and 143 are off, a voltage is applied only to the first heating element 110. When the first and second switches 141 and 143 are on, May be applied to both the first and second heating elements 110 and 120 connected in parallel. Therefore, when the same voltage is applied to each of the first and second heat emitting elements 110 and 120 in parallel, when the same voltage is separately applied to each of the first and second heat emitting bodies 110 and 120 The power may be doubled and the power may be quadrupled when compared with the case where the first and second heat generating elements 110 and 120 are integrally connected in series.

As a result, when the first and second switches 141 and 143 are always turned on, the first and second heating elements 110 and 120 may have improved overall heating capacity.

The heating structure described above can also be used as a transparent heater of an automobile, a ship, an aircraft, and an electronic product. Especially, when a low voltage is used, it can be used more effectively.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims. It can be understood that it is possible.

Claims (6)

A base partitioned into a transparent region and a non-transparent region;
A first heating element formed in the transparent region and transparent;
A second heating element formed on a part of the non-transparent region; And
And an electrode body formed on a part of the non-transparent region and capable of independently applying power to the first and second heat generating elements,
The non-transparent region is defined along an edge of the base,
Wherein the electrode body comprises:
A first main electrode line and a second main electrode line arranged to face each other;
First auxiliary electrode lines which are branched from the first main line toward the second main electrode line and branch from the second main line toward the first main electrode line and are electrically connected to the first heating element; And
And second auxiliary electrode lines which are independent of the first heating element and are electrically connected to the second heating element,
Wherein one of the second auxiliary electrode lines is electrically connected to the second main electrode line,
And the other of the second auxiliary electrode lines is electrically connected to the first main electrode line through a switch. The heating structure according to claim 1, wherein the electrode body is configured to connect the first and second heating elements in parallel. delete delete The method according to claim 1, wherein the first heating element comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbon nanotube, a graphene, a metal oxide, a metal nanowire, a metal mesh, and a transparent heating element including a metal grid,
And the second heating element is made of an opaque metal material. A vehicle window system comprising a heating structure according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 5.

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