KR101619375B1 - Antenna for active - passive seeker - Google Patents
Antenna for active - passive seeker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101619375B1 KR101619375B1 KR1020160001370A KR20160001370A KR101619375B1 KR 101619375 B1 KR101619375 B1 KR 101619375B1 KR 1020160001370 A KR1020160001370 A KR 1020160001370A KR 20160001370 A KR20160001370 A KR 20160001370A KR 101619375 B1 KR101619375 B1 KR 101619375B1
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- antenna
- signal
- active
- passive
- spiral
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
Abstract
An active-passive search antenna is disclosed. The present invention relates to a passive antenna including a plurality of spiral antennas arranged in a ring shape for receiving signals of different frequency bands set in a ring and transmitting signals received in different frequency bands to a receiver, And an active antenna unit that is implemented as a waveguide slot array antenna that is disposed at the center of the passive antenna unit, radiates a transmission signal transmitted from the transmission unit, and receives a reflected signal reflected from the target as a received signal and transmits the received signal to a reception unit.
Description
The present invention relates to an antenna for a searcher, and more particularly to an antenna for an active Ka band and a passive broadband searcher.
Currently, passive guidance, active guidance, and semi-active guidance schemes are used for humming guidance schemes (hereinafter referred to as guidance schemes) of searchers used in guided weapons and the like. The passive guidance method is a method of detecting and tracking a target by detecting only a signal radiated from a target without emitting any signal from the searcher itself. The passive guidance system has a merit that the structure of the navigator is simple and it is difficult to detect that the target is being tracked. On the other hand, the detection distance is short depending on the signal to be detected and the disadvantage . An active guidance scheme is one in which the seeker tracks the target by emitting a signal to detect the target and sensing the reflected signal from the target. Active guidance has the advantage of being able to detect long-range targets and to be able to detect irrespective of the state of the weather or target, but it can be recognized that the target is being tracked, and the structure of the navigator is complicated . In the semi-active induction method, the searcher itself is constituted by a manual induction system and does not emit any signal, and a signal radiated from a signal radiating device provided separately from the outside is reflected on a target, and a reflected signal is detected. In other words, the semi-active guidance system is used in a form similar to an active guidance system in which a searcher using a manual guidance system is used but a separate signal emission system is provided outside and a signal is emitted. Semi-active induction method has the advantage of long-distance search as well as active guidance method, and it is advantageous that the structure of searcher, which is advantage of passive induction method, is simple, but it can be recognized that the target is being traced, A signal must be radiated to the antenna.
In the early days, the navigation system was mainly used because of the limitations of technology. However, active navigation system is mainly used due to the development of technology. However, the active guidance system can detect longer distances than the manual induction system. However, searchers mounted on guided weapons have limited search distances due to the limited size of guided weapons, and modern guided weapons are configured to be controlled using various signals To be able to receive signals that can be used for purposes other than target detection. In addition, the passive guidance method can now directly detect intense signals such as radar signals radiated from the target, and it is now possible to search longer distances than the active guidance method of detecting the target using reflection signals.
Recently, there is a growing demand for a navigator capable of using a passive guidance system and a semi-active guidance system together with an active guidance system.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an antenna for a searcher capable of supporting an active Ka band and a passive wideband signal.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna for a searcher, comprising: a plurality of spiral antennas arranged in a ring shape for receiving signals of different frequency bands, A passive antenna unit for transmitting the received signal to the receiver; And an active antenna, which is implemented as a waveguide slot array antenna that is implemented in a circular shape and is disposed at the center of the passive antenna unit, radiates a transmission signal transmitted from the transmission unit, receives the reflected signal reflected from the target as a reception signal, part; .
Wherein the passive antenna section comprises: a plurality of first spiral antennas receiving a signal of a first frequency band; A plurality of second spiral antennas for receiving signals of a predetermined second frequency band different from the first frequency band; A ring-shaped dielectric substrate for fixing the plurality of first spiral antennas and the plurality of second spiral antennas; And a control unit.
Wherein the passive antenna unit comprises: a first binder for receiving signals received from the plurality of first spiral antennas and integrating them and transmitting them to the receiver; And a second binder for receiving a signal received from each of the plurality of second spiral antennas and transmitting the combined signal to the receiver; And further comprising:
The passive antenna unit is characterized in that the plurality of first spiral antennas and the plurality of second spiral antennas are alternately inserted into the ring-shaped dielectric substrate.
Wherein the first frequency band is a frequency band of 0.5 to 2 GHz and the second frequency band is a frequency band of 2 to 18. The passive antenna unit
Wherein each of the plurality of spiral antennas is a cavity back spiral antenna that is formed on one surface of a spiral arm to be etched on a dielectric substrate and has a cavity and an absorber on the other surface thereof to prevent radiation in one direction of the spiral arm, GHz frequency band.
Wherein the active antenna unit comprises: a slot unit having an array of a plurality of slots formed on a circular surface; And a slot array antenna implemented as a power feeder for feeding power to the plurality of slots on the rear surface.
Wherein the power feeder includes a feed waveguide for feeding a signal applied from the transmitter to be radiated through the plurality of slots; And an output waveguide of a magic-T structure for extracting a sum channel signal, a high-order-difference channel signal, and an azimuth-difference-order channel signal from a signal received in the plurality of slots in a predetermined manner; And a control unit.
Therefore, the active-passive search antenna according to the present invention can be realized by combining an active antenna capable of radiating and receiving a Ka-band signal and an active antenna capable of receiving a signal radiated from a target, By using both passive and semi-active guidance, the target can be detected and tracked to maximize the performance of the explorer. In particular, two kinds of cavity back spiral antennas, which detect different frequency bands so as to detect signals of various bands that can be emitted from the target, are constituted by passive antennas, so that signals of wide band from L band to X band and Ku band Lt; / RTI > In addition, it is possible to mount three different antennas at the same time on one gimbal, minimizing the increase in size and designing with the PCB pattern type, so that the load applied to the gimbal can be minimized.
1 is a front view of an active-passive search antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the active-passive searcher antenna of Fig.
Figure 3 shows a side view of the active-passive search antenna of Figure 1;
4 shows the structure of the cavity back spiral antenna.
Figure 5 shows an exploded view of the active-passive search antenna of Figure 1;
In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in various different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described. In order to clearly describe the present invention, parts that are not related to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same members.
Throughout the specification, when an element is referred to as "including" an element, it does not exclude other elements unless specifically stated to the contrary. The terms "part", "unit", "module", "block", and the like described in the specification mean units for processing at least one function or operation, And a combination of software.
As described above, the semi-active guidance type searcher structure is the same as that of the passive guidance type searcher, so that there is an increasing demand for a searcher capable of utilizing both the active guidance mode and the manual guidance mode. A searcher capable of utilizing both the active induction method and the manual induction method is referred to as an active-passive seeker in the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an active-passive search antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the active-passive search antenna of FIG. 1, Fig.
1 to 3, the active-passive search antenna of the present invention includes a passive antenna unit PAU, which is implemented in a ring shape, and a passive antenna unit (PAU) And an antenna unit (AAU). The active antenna unit AAU includes a waveguide slot array antenna and the passive antenna unit PAU includes a plurality of cavity backed spiral antennas.
Spiral Antenna is a broadband antenna that has little change in circular polarization characteristics and input impedance in the wide frequency range. It is based on the effective use of electromagnetic energy. It detects, identifies and propagates threat signals in the wide frequency range. Is used as a sensor which is very important in the tactic for interfering with. In addition, since the spiral antenna can express the change in the length of the antenna according to the frequency change as the main angle of the arm, it is possible to replace the change in the physical size of the antenna with the change in the rotation angle, have. In particular, the passive antenna unit (PAU) of the active-passive search antenna of the present invention is implemented by a plurality of cavity-back spiral antennas.
Cavity-back spiral antenna is fabricated to etch a spiral arm capable of bidirectional radio wave radiation on a dielectric substrate and to radiate in one direction toward the front direction of the antenna pattern by blocking radiation in one direction as a cavity and an absorber, can do.
4 shows the structure of the cavity back spiral antenna.
As shown in FIG. 4, a spiral arm formed by etching on a front dielectric substrate in a cavity back spiral antenna is configured to receive a signal of a predetermined frequency. And the rear cavity acts as a fixed reflecting surface for radiation backward of the spiral antenna with a bi-directional radiation pattern.
In the present invention, the passive antenna unit (PAU) must be able to receive a wideband frequency signal so that the passive antenna can detect signals of various frequencies generated in the target. In the present invention, it is assumed that the passive antenna unit (PAU) is configured to receive a wideband frequency signal of 0.5 to 18 GHz. However, it is very difficult to develop a spiral antenna capable of receiving all the wideband frequency signals of 0.5 to 18 GHz in a single type of spiral antenna. Accordingly, in the present invention, two or more cavity back-scattered spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 are provided to receive signals of different frequency bands, so that the passive antenna PAU receives a wideband signal .
In FIG. 1, for example, the passive antenna unit PAU includes a plurality of first cavity-back spiral antennas SA1 and a plurality of second cavity-back spiral antennas SA2. Here, the first cavity-back spiral antenna SA1 is configured to sense a frequency signal of 0.5 to 2 GHz, and the second cavity-back spiral antenna SA2 is configured to sense a frequency signal of 2 to 18 GHz.
Cavity-back spiral antennas capable of detecting frequency signals of 0.5 to 2 GHz and cavity-back spiral antennas capable of detecting frequency signals of 2 to 18 GHz have been developed and disclosed, and therefore the configuration thereof is not described in detail here.
1 and 2, the passive antenna PAU includes a first cavity-back spiral antenna SA1 for sensing a frequency signal of 0.5 to 2 GHz and a second cavity-back spiral antenna SA2 for sensing a frequency signal of 2 to 18 GHz. The passive antenna PAU includes three or more kinds of spiral antennas for sensing a signal of a narrower frequency band than the first and second cavity back spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 .
There is no restriction on the arrangement positions of the plurality of first cavity-back spiral antennas SA1 and the plurality of second cavity-back spiral antennas SA2 in the passive antenna unit PAU. But active ?? The passive antenna is mounted, active? The plurality of first cavity back spiral antenna SA1 and the plurality of second cavity back spiral antennas SA2 are alternately and uniformly spaced from each other so that a load in a specific direction is not added to the gimbal that controls the direction of the passive antenna. .
In addition, considering the characteristics of the passive antenna in which the position of the signal to be received is not specified, the plurality of first cavity-back spiral antenna SA1 and the plurality of second cavity-back spiral antenna SA2 transmit signals radiated in various directions It is preferable to be arranged so as to be able to receive. Therefore, in the present invention, each of the plurality of first cavity-back spiral antennas SA1 and the plurality of second cavity-back spiral antennas SA2 of the ring-shaped passive antenna unit PAU has a predetermined interval (for example, . In particular, it is preferable that the first cavity back SA1 and the second cavity back spiral antenna SA2 are alternately arranged at regular intervals.
Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the passive antenna PAU has a structure in which a plurality of first cavity-back spiral antennas SA1 and a plurality of second cavity-back spiral antennas SA2 are fixed, And a dielectric substrate Dsub for preventing the substrate from being damaged. The dielectric substrate Dsub is implemented in a ring shape, and a plurality of first and second cavity back spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 are inserted and fixed at predetermined positions. As shown in FIG. 3, the dielectric substrate Dsub includes a plurality of first and second cavity back spiral antennas SA1 and SA2, And is formed to have a thickness equal to or longer than the cavity length.
The configuration of each of the first and second cavity back-scattered spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 is a known technique and is not described in detail here.
A waveguide slot array antenna constituting an active antenna unit (AAU) generates a slot part including at least one slot on a waveguide wall surface, a cylindrical conductor surface, or a flat conductive plate, and then feeds the slot part to propagate the waveguide slot Of the antenna. The waveguide slot array antenna is a high-gain, high-efficiency planar antenna, and can be processed with high cross-polarization characteristics and high transmission / reception power, and is structurally robust and thus widely applied to communication and radar systems.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the active antenna unit AAU, which is implemented by a waveguide slot array antenna, has a plurality of slots SL formed on its front surface and a plurality of slots SL, (Not shown), and is configured to radiate a signal of a predetermined frequency band by supplying power to the plurality of slots SL through the power feeder. Here, the feed portion may be formed of a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure.
The shape and arrangement of the plurality of slots SL can be variously adjusted according to the frequency band of a signal to be radiated. For example, in the present invention, the active antenna unit (AAU) .
In the present invention, it is assumed that a dipole slot array antenna constituting the active antenna unit (AAU) is configured to transmit and receive a monopulse signal as an antenna for a monopulse radar, for example. A monopulse radar is generally a 3-channel monopulse radar composed of a sum channel, an elevation channel, and an azimuth channel to obtain speed and angle information from a signal reflected from a target, (Magic-T) structure for extracting the sum channel signal, the high-order-difference channel signal, and the azimuth-difference channel signal from the received signal in a predetermined manner. A waveguide of a Magic-T structure combines signals applied to a plurality of slots SL to output three-channel signals, so that three output waveguides OWG are formed. Here, three output waveguides OWG may be disposed on the rear surface of the active antenna unit AAU. However, in order to efficiently utilize the space, the output waveguides OWG may be disposed on the dielectric substrate Dsub of the passive antenna unit PAU, Or may be formed on the rear surface.
Figure 5 shows an exploded view of the active-passive search antenna of Figure 1;
As shown in Fig. 5, the active < RTI ID = 0.0 > The passive searcher first inserts and fixes a plurality of first and second cavity back-and-forth spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 at predetermined positions of a ring-shaped dielectric substrate in order to implement a passive antenna unit (PAU). Here, the first and second cavity back spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 are active. It is preferable that the gimbals supporting the passive antenna are alternately arranged and inserted at equal intervals so that the loads of the gimbals supporting the passive antenna become uniform. A plurality of first and second cavity back-scattered spiral antennas SA1 and SA2 are disposed on the front surface of the passive antenna PAU inserted in the dielectric substrate Dsub, An antenna unit (AAU) is disposed. The active antenna unit AAU includes a plurality of first and second cavity backplane SA1 and SA2 inserted in the dielectric substrate Dsub so as not to interfere with signals received by the spiral arms of the first and second cavity back- And the second cavity back-spiral antenna SA1, SA2.
In the present invention, both the active antenna unit (AAU) and the passive antenna unit (PAU) can be implemented on a board, so that it is possible to design a PCB pattern type so that the load applied to the gimbals can be minimized.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
And an active antenna unit, which is implemented as a waveguide slot array antenna that is implemented in a circular shape and is disposed at the center of the passive antenna unit, radiates a transmission signal transmitted from the transmission unit, receives the reflected signal reflected by the target as a reception signal, ; And an active-passive navigator antenna.
A plurality of first spiral antennas for receiving signals of a first frequency band;
A plurality of second spiral antennas for receiving signals of a predetermined second frequency band different from the first frequency band; And
A ring-shaped dielectric substrate for fixing the plurality of first spiral antennas and the plurality of second spiral antennas; Wherein the active antenna comprises an active antenna.
A first binder for receiving a signal received from each of the plurality of first spiral antennas and transmitting the combined signal to the receiver; And
A second binder for receiving a signal received from each of the plurality of second spiral antennas and integrating and transmitting the signal to the receiver; Further comprising an antenna for receiving a signal from the antenna.
Wherein the plurality of first spiral antennas and the plurality of second spiral antennas are alternately inserted into the ring-shaped dielectric substrate.
Wherein the second frequency band is a frequency band of 2 to 18 GHz.
Wherein each of the plurality of spiral antennas is a cavity back spiral antenna that is formed on one surface of a spiral arm to be etched on a dielectric substrate and has a cavity and an absorber on the other surface thereof to prevent radiation in one direction of the spiral arm, Features an active - passive navigator antenna.
A slot portion having a plurality of slots arranged in front of the circular portion; And
Wherein the antenna is implemented as a slot array antenna that is implemented as a power feed unit that supplies power to the plurality of slots on the rear surface.
A feed waveguide for feeding a signal applied from the transmission unit to be radiated through the plurality of slots; And
An output waveguide of a magic-T structure for extracting a sum channel signal, a high-order-difference channel signal, and an azimuth-difference channel signal from a signal received in the plurality of slots in a preset manner; Wherein the active antenna comprises an active antenna.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101705348B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-02-09 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Seeker for anti-radiation guidance weapon |
KR101705350B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-02-09 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Target search method of seeker for anti-radiation guidance weapon |
KR101705349B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-02-09 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Anti-radiation guidance weapon |
CN107634326A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-26 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of ultra wide band conelike beam antenna based on plane four-arm spiral antenna |
WO2020222337A1 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2020-11-05 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Electronic device comprising array antennas |
CN114725695A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | Novel ultra-thin all-metal dual-frequency transmission and reflection integrated array antenna unit |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120194406A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-02 | Raytheon Company | Multi-band electronically scanned array antenna |
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2016
- 2016-01-06 KR KR1020160001370A patent/KR101619375B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120194406A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-02 | Raytheon Company | Multi-band electronically scanned array antenna |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101705348B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-02-09 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Seeker for anti-radiation guidance weapon |
KR101705350B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-02-09 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Target search method of seeker for anti-radiation guidance weapon |
KR101705349B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-02-09 | 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 | Anti-radiation guidance weapon |
CN107634326A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-26 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of ultra wide band conelike beam antenna based on plane four-arm spiral antenna |
WO2020222337A1 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2020-11-05 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Electronic device comprising array antennas |
CN114725695A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | Novel ultra-thin all-metal dual-frequency transmission and reflection integrated array antenna unit |
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