KR101619139B1 - Smart window having the function of electroluminescence - Google Patents

Smart window having the function of electroluminescence Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101619139B1
KR101619139B1 KR1020140123661A KR20140123661A KR101619139B1 KR 101619139 B1 KR101619139 B1 KR 101619139B1 KR 1020140123661 A KR1020140123661 A KR 1020140123661A KR 20140123661 A KR20140123661 A KR 20140123661A KR 101619139 B1 KR101619139 B1 KR 101619139B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
electrode
liquid crystal
transparent
substrate
light emitting
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KR1020140123661A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20160032916A (en
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허기석
김은미
오정표
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한국생산기술연구원
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Priority to KR1020140123661A priority Critical patent/KR101619139B1/en
Priority to PCT/KR2015/009578 priority patent/WO2016043477A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source

Abstract

[0001] The present invention relates to a smart window, and more particularly, to a smart window, which is provided with an electroluminescent function for emitting light having a predetermined color by operation of an electroluminescent unit provided together with a transparent and opaque function of a smart window, To a smart window provided with an electroluminescent function having various functions such as making a desired portion transparent and allowing light to pass therethrough.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate; A first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively; A polymer dispersed liquid crystal and an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; A common substrate positioned between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal and the light emitting layer; An EL electrode positioned between the light emitting layer and a common substrate; And a liquid crystal electrode disposed between the common substrate and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

Description

[0001] SMART WINDOW HAVING THE FUNCTION OF ELECTROLUMINESCENCE [0002]

[0001] The present invention relates to a smart window, and more particularly, to a smart window, which is provided with an electroluminescent function for emitting light having a predetermined color by operation of an electroluminescent unit provided together with a transparent and opaque function of a smart window, To a smart window provided with an electroluminescent function having various functions such as making a desired portion transparent and allowing light to pass therethrough.

Generally, a smart window is changed into a transparent, opaque or translucent state by transmitting or scattering light according to the application of a power source, so that it is also called a transparent glass, a dimmer glass, or a smart glass.

In addition, such a smart window uses a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), and a polymer liquid crystal is injected between a pair of glass substrates so that a fine liquid crystal (LC) in a polymer matrix is dispersed .

In the polymer dispersed liquid crystal, when the voltage is not applied, the direction of the liquid crystal becomes irregular and the light is scattered to make it opaque or semitransparent. On the other hand, when voltage is applied, the direction of the liquid crystal changes uniformly, .

Thus, the conventional smart window using the polymer dispersed liquid crystal can also be used as a display device capable of displaying information such as text, photographs, or moving pictures, and thus can be widely used in an industrial field that can utilize a smart window.

In addition, a transparent electrode is provided between the conventional glass substrate and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal to supply a voltage to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. Such a transparent electrode is usually provided as an ITO electrode.

As described above, in the conventional technology using the polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the smart window is limited in merely using the technique of simply using the action of transmitting or opaque light. This is due to the fact that only transmission and scattering of light can be achieved. Therefore, a smart window technology having more various functions is required.

Published Patent No. 10-2010-0005549 (Published Jan. 15, 2010) Open Patent No. 10-2005-0069535 (published on May 5, 2005) Published Patent No. 10-2001-0096922 (published November 11, 2001) Open Patent No. 10-2006-0065473 (published on June 14, 2006) Published Patent No. 10-2010-0073074 (Published on July 1, 2010)

In order to solve the above problems, in addition to the function of transparent or opaque due to the transmission of light by the smart window, the present invention provides a function of emitting predetermined light by the electroluminescent unit, There is a purpose.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a light emitting device which is capable of emitting a predetermined light while shielding light while dimming the light while shielding the light according to the environment or the environment in which the light is transmitted, And a case in which the light of the light source is made to emit light.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a variety of functions by appropriately setting the light emitting region and the light transmitting region according to the circumstances.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a plasma display panel in which some electrodes among a plurality of electrodes are made of a metal material so as to emit light only in one direction.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate; A first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively; A polymer dispersed liquid crystal and an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; A common substrate positioned between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal and the light emitting layer; An EL electrode positioned between the light emitting layer and a common substrate; And a liquid crystal electrode disposed between the common substrate and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a smart window provided with an electroluminescent function, characterized in that a predetermined pattern is formed on the EL electrode and light is emitted with a predetermined pattern of the EL electrode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first substrate and the second substrate; A first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively; A polymer dispersed liquid crystal and an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; And a common electrode disposed between the light emitting layer and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a smart window provided with an electroluminescent function, characterized by further comprising a diffusion barrier layer positioned between the common electrode and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the common electrode includes a transparent organic / inorganic transparent electrode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first substrate and a second substrate are disposed facing each other; A first electrode and a second electrode formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively; And a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light emitting layer portion disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a predetermined pattern groove is formed in the light emitting layer of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal light emitting layer portion, and a polymer dispersed type A smart window provided with an electroluminescent function is provided, wherein a liquid crystal is provided.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode comprises a transparent electrode, and the second electrode comprises a transparent electrode or a metal electrode.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a smart window provided with an electroluminescent function, characterized by further comprising an insulating layer positioned between the second electrode and the light emitting layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electrode forming step of forming a first electrode and a second electrode on a first substrate and a second substrate, respectively; A common electrode forming step of forming an EL electrode and a liquid crystal electrode on both surfaces of a common substrate; A light emitting layer forming step of forming a light emitting layer on the EL electrode; A second electrode including a second electrode on the light emitting layer; A liquid crystal applying step of applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal on the first electrode; A lamination step of positioning the liquid crystal electrode on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal; And a liquid crystal curing step of performing a curing process on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a smart window having an electroluminescent function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a smart window having an electroluminescent function, characterized in that a predetermined pattern is formed on the EL electrode and light is emitted with a predetermined pattern of the EL electrode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electrode forming step of forming a first electrode and a second electrode on a first substrate and a second substrate, respectively; A light emitting layer forming step of forming a light emitting layer on the second electrode; A common electrode forming step of forming a common electrode on the light emitting layer; A liquid crystal applying step of applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal on the first electrode; A lamination step of placing the common electrode on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal; And a liquid crystal curing step of performing a curing process on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a smart window having an electroluminescent function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of fabricating a smart window having an electroluminescent function, which further comprises forming a diffusion barrier layer on the common electrode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electrode forming step of forming a first electrode and a second electrode on a first substrate and a second substrate, respectively; A light emitting layer forming step of forming a light emitting layer on the second electrode; An organic / inorganic transparent electrode forming step of forming an organic / inorganic transparent electrode on the light emitting layer; A liquid crystal applying step of applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal on the first electrode; A lamination step of placing the organic / inorganic transparent electrode on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal; And a liquid crystal curing step of performing a curing process on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a smart window having an electroluminescent function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a plasma display panel, comprising: preparing a substrate having a first substrate on which a first electrode is formed and a second substrate on which a second electrode is formed; Forming a light emitting layer having a shadow mask of a predetermined pattern between the first electrode and the second electrode and removing the shadow mask to form a pattern groove; A liquid crystal applying step of applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal on the light emitting layer and applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal to a predetermined pattern groove of the light emitting layer; And a liquid crystal curing step of curing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a smart window having an electroluminescent function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a smart window having an electroluminescent function, characterized by comprising a light emitting layer curing step of curing in a state where a predetermined pattern groove is formed in a light emitting layer by removing a shadow mask from a light emitting layer.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of fabricating a smart window having an electroluminescent function, which further comprises forming an insulating layer between the light emitting layer and the second electrode.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode is made of a transparent electrode, and the second electrode is made of a transparent electrode or a metal electrode.

The present invention configured as described above has a function of transparent or opaque due to transmission of light by a smart window, and additionally has a function of emitting predetermined light by the electroluminescent unit, so that the present invention can be used in various ways.

Another effect of the present invention is that, when light is blocked while light is shut off, predetermined light is emitted while blocking light, light is transmitted while it is darkened, A light emitting diode (LED), and the like.

In addition, another effect according to the present invention is to provide a variety of functions by appropriately setting an area where light is emitted and an area through which light is transmitted according to a situation in which the light is emitted.

Further, another effect according to the present invention is that some electrodes among the plurality of electrodes are made of a metal material so as to emit light only in one direction.

Further, another effect according to the present invention is to implement a predetermined pattern or a predetermined color such as green, blue, orange, white, and the like.

Further, a smart window operating means for allowing light to pass therethrough and an electroluminescent portion for emitting light are operated together, thereby providing a structure for protecting the light emitting layer or the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

1 is a schematic explanatory view of a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary view showing a light emitting state and a opaque operating state in a transparent operating state of a smart window manufactured by the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
3A is a structural view of an embodiment including a single-layer in an electroluminescent layer in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
3B is a structural view of an embodiment including a multi-layer in an electroluminescent layer in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
4 is a structural view illustrating a state in which a second electrode, which is a transparent electrode, is formed on a first substrate in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
5 is a structural view illustrating a state in which EL electrodes and liquid crystal electrodes are formed on both sides of a common substrate as a common electrode of an electroluminescent portion in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a structural view of an example in which EL electrodes and liquid crystal electrodes are formed on both sides of a common substrate in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention, and all layers are combined.
7 is a structural view of an embodiment in which a predetermined pattern of a lattice pattern is formed on an EL electrode in an embodiment in which an EL electrode and a liquid crystal electrode are formed on both sides of a common substrate in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a structural view of an electroluminescent portion of an embodiment of a single common electrode in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a whole-layer structure in which a single common electrode is formed on an electroluminescent portion in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
10 is a view illustrating the structure of an electroluminescent portion of an embodiment in which a diffusion barrier layer is further provided on the front surface of the electroluminescent portion in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
11 is a layered structure view of an entire smart window in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention, in which a diffusion prevention film is further provided in a front direction of an electroluminescent portion.
12 is a structural view of an electroluminescent portion of an embodiment including an organic / inorganic transparent electrode in a front direction of an electroluminescent portion in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a layer structure view of an entire smart window of an embodiment including an organic / inorganic transparent electrode in a front direction of an electroluminescent portion in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a view illustrating the structure of an electroluminescent unit according to an embodiment of the present invention in which the second electrode in the back direction of the electroluminescent unit is a metal electrode.
15 is a layer structure view of the entire smart window of the embodiment in which the second electrode in the back direction of the electroluminescent portion is made of a metal electrode in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
16 is a structural view of an embodiment in which screen printing, spin coating, and dip coating are applied using a light emitting layer and a shadow mask including a predetermined pattern groove in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
17 is a structural view showing a state in which a shadow mask is removed from a light emitting layer including a predetermined pattern groove in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
18 is a structural view showing a state in which a polymer dispersed liquid crystal is contained in a predetermined pattern groove of a light emitting layer in a manufacturing method of a smart window according to the present invention.
19 is a manufacturing flowchart of an embodiment in which an EL electrode and a liquid crystal electrode are formed on both sides of a common substrate in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
20 is a manufacturing flowchart of an embodiment in which a single common electrode is formed in an electroluminescent portion in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating a fabrication method of a smart window according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a diffusion barrier layer is further provided on a front surface of an electroluminescent portion.
FIG. 22 is a manufacturing flowchart of an embodiment including an organic / inorganic transparent electrode in the front direction of the electroluminescent portion in the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.
23 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of an embodiment in which a polymer dispersed liquid crystal is included in a predetermined pattern groove of a light emitting layer in a method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, the smart window 10 to which the electroluminescence function according to the present invention is applied may have a structure having an electroluminescence function in addition to a smart window function having a transparent and opaque function as shown in FIGS. 1 to 23 It is a transparent and opaque operation together with electroluminescence of the desired color.

As a constitution for the transparent and opaque functions used, it is preferable to use a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Such a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is one of the liquid crystal cells used in a liquid crystal display (LCD). It controls the transmission of light according to the light scattering intensity and does not require a polarizer. There are several kinds of structures such as a liquid crystal in which a plurality of liquid crystal molecules are dispersed in a few micrometers in a polymer, and a liquid crystal is contained in a net-like polymer. Without the voltage, the liquid crystal molecules become irregular in direction and scatter at the interface where the refractive index with the medium is different. When a voltage is applied, the directions of the liquid crystals are aligned, and the refractive indices of the liquid crystals coincide with each other, thereby becoming a transmissive state. The display becomes bright, but if the thickness of the liquid crystal cell is not increased, the contrast is not ensured, and as a result, the driving voltage becomes high.

In other words, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) layer comprises a liquid crystal particle and a photosensitive polymer solution. When the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the photosensitive polymer is cured, and a large number of pores are generated in the polymer dispersed layer, and the liquid crystal particles are contained in the pores. In the state where no voltage is applied, the polymer molecules and the liquid crystal particles surrounding the liquid crystal are randomly arranged, so that light can not be transmitted. When the voltage is applied, the liquid crystals are polarized and arranged with regular regularity, and the polymer molecules are arranged along the transmission axis.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a detailed configuration and a manufacturing method of a smart window according to the present invention having an electroluminescent function together with transparent and opaque light transmission characteristics of a smart window will be described.

A first embodiment of a smart window according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1, a first substrate 21, which will be described later, and a first electrode 21, which is a transparent electrode formed on the first substrate 21 31 and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 formed on the first electrode 31 to perform a transparent and opaque transmission operation.

And a light emitting portion (EL) provided on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (41) to form a smart window.

The smart window thus prepared is operated by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 for transparent and opaque operation so as not to emit a predetermined light from the electroluminescence unit EL without transmitting light. An operation of transmitting light by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and not emitting a predetermined light in the electroluminescent unit EL; An operation of emitting a predetermined light from the electroluminescence unit EL without transmitting light by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41; And an operation of emitting a predetermined light by the electroluminescence unit EL while transmitting light by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41. [ 2 shows an example in which the left side of FIG. 2 is transparent and light is emitted with a predetermined color, and the right side of FIG. 2 shows an example in which light is emitted while being opaque and having a predetermined color. The emitted light may have a predetermined color such as green, blue, orange, or white.

Hereinafter, a rough process for manufacturing the smart window will be described. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, an electrode forming step of forming a first electrode 31, which is a transparent electrode, on the first substrate 21 is performed to form an electrode for transparent and opaque operation. The light emitted is mostly emitted in the opposite direction including the direction of the first electrode 31, and in some embodiments, the light may be prevented from being emitted in the opposite direction.

The terms 'forward' and 'rearward' are used to easily describe the technology of the present invention. However, the terms 'forward' and 'rearward' do not always mean absolutely, The direction of the front and rear will be described as one embodiment.

The liquid crystal application step of applying the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 on the second electrode 31 is performed.

Thereafter, a lamination step of placing the electroluminescent portion EL on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 is performed. Of course, the process of providing the electroluminescent unit EL will be performed.

Next, the liquid crystal curing step for performing the curing process for the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 is performed. In this way, a general manufacturing process of a smart window has been studied. Thereafter, a smart window can be implemented by carrying out a plurality of processes for a generally known operation, and the smart window according to the present invention thus prepared, unlike the conventional display means, Has a transparent and opaque function through transmission and scattering of light by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and also has a function of emitting predetermined light by the electroluminescence unit EL.

For example, with reference to FIG. 1,

1. First, a first electrode 31, which is a transparent electrode TCO, is formed on a substrate such as a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22, which will be described later, by using a sputter, (32) and the like are deposited to form a TCO substrate.

The transparent electrode TCO may be made of ITO (InSnO), InZnO, ZnO, InZnSnO, TiInZnO, NiInZnO, AZO, BZO, GaZO (Ga-doped ZnO)

2. The TCO second electrode 31 formed on the substrate requires two for both the transparent operation and the electroluminescent operation.

3. Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 is uniformly coated on the first substrate 21 on which the first electrode 31 is deposited.

4. An electroluminescent part (EL) including a second substrate on which a second electrode such as a transparent electrode (TCO) or an electrode is deposited is overlaid thereon.

5. PDLC is cured by UV curing process. If voltage (AC, DC) is applied to both end electrode layers during operation, it is possible to drive transparent window that is transparent or opaque on / off.

Among the above, a configuration example of the electroluminescent unit EL that emits a predetermined light includes a predetermined second substrate 22 and a second electrode 32 formed on the second substrate 22 . In particular, the light emitting layer 51 includes the light emitting layer 51 formed on the second electrode 32, and the light emitting layer 51 can be made to emit light by selecting the material of the light emitting layer 51.

The fabrication of the electroluminescent unit EL includes the steps of forming a second electrode 32 on the second substrate 22 and forming a light emitting layer 51 on the second electrode 32 And a light emitting layer forming step for forming a light emitting layer EL.

The manufacturing process of the electroluminescent unit (EL) will be described in more detail below.

The EL basic structure can be provided as in the basic configuration example of Figs. 3A, 3B, and the like.

The EL structure is typically divided into a single-layer (FIG. 3A) and a multi-layer (FIG. 3B) as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. In the present invention, It will be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as described.

1. First, a transparent electrode (TCO) is deposited on a second substrate (22) of a substrate (glass or flexible sub) using a sputtering method.

Examples of TCO include ITO (InSnO), InZnO, ZnO, InZnSnO, TiInZnO, NiInZnO, AZO, BZO, and GZO (Ga-doped ZnO).

2. Next, an insulator layer 52 is formed, an active layer 51 is formed, and a rear electrode (metal or TCO layer) is sequentially screen-printed, spin-coated or dip-coated.

3. After finishing with other known manufacturing process, if voltage (AC, DC) is applied to both electrode layers during operation, EL drive is possible and light is emitted to the front or rear part with transparent electrode.

Various embodiments can be implemented for the smart window provided with the electroluminescent function according to the present invention. Hereinafter, detailed embodiments in which the basic transparent / opaque function and the electroluminescent function are performed will be described.

The first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 and the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 and 19, The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 form an electrode layer.

And a polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and a light emitting layer 51 disposed between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 performs a transparent and opaque operation , And the light emitting layer 51 emits light.

In addition, a common electrode member for operating the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the light emitting layer 51 is included between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the light emitting layer 51.

A common substrate 101 positioned between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the light emitting layer 51, an EL electrode 102 positioned between the light emitting layer 51 and the common substrate 101, 101 and a liquid crystal electrode 103 positioned between the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the like.

In addition, an insulating layer 52 may be further provided between the light emitting layer 51 and the second electrode 32. 6, the second substrate 22, the second electrode 31, the insulating layer 52, the light emitting layer 51, the EL electrode 102, the second substrate 22, And the second substrate 22 to form a smart window structure as the liquid crystal electrode 103, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41, the first electrode 31 and the first substrate 21. Thereby forming a transparent and opaque operating configuration.

As a result, the EL electrode 102, the common substrate 101, and the liquid crystal electrode 103 are operated as a common electrode member.

A method of manufacturing the smart window according to the present invention will now be described.

That is, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, 19, Is performed.

The common electrode forming step of forming the EL electrode 102 and the liquid crystal electrode 103 on both sides of the common substrate 101 is performed.

A light emitting layer forming step of forming a light emitting layer 51 on the EL electrode 102 and a second electrode forming step having a second electrode 32 on the light emitting layer 51, And so on.

Thereafter, a liquid crystal applying step of applying the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 on the first electrode 31 is performed and a lamination step is performed in which the liquid crystal electrode 103 is placed on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 , And a liquid crystal curing step for performing a curing process for the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41, thereby forming an entire layer.

In addition, an insulating layer forming step of forming an insulating layer 43 between the light emitting layer 44 and the second electrode may be further performed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a predetermined pattern pattern is formed on the EL electrode 102 to emit light with a predetermined pattern by the EL electrode 102, so that in some embodiments of the present invention, .

The manufacturing method of the first embodiment as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 4 relates to a smart window including a PDLC, and a smart window is manufactured by sharing an electrode (that is, an EL electrode 102 and a liquid crystal electrode 103) between the electroluminescent unit EL and the ITO film.

That is, first, a TCO electrode layer for a smart window is manufactured.

(1) The first electrode 31 of the TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass.

The first electrode 31 of the TCO film is deposited using a sputter.

Light is emitted as a part.

Since the first electrode 31 must remain transparent when the voltage is applied to the first electrode 31 during the operation of the smart window, it is preferable to use a TCO film having high light transmittance and electrical conductivity as the electrode layer. The first electrode 31, which is a transparent electrode, is made of ITO (InSnO), InZnO, ZnO, InZnSnO, TiInZnO, NiInZnO, AZO, BZO and GZO (Ga-doped ZnO) Oxide.

Next, the electroluminescent portion EL is manufactured.

(3) A common electrode member consisting of (4), (5) EL electrode 102 of TCO film and liquid crystal electrode 103 is formed on both sides of the common substrate 101 of PET or Glass, (6) Active layer (light emitting layer 51) Insulator layer (insulation layer / dielectric layer 52) => (8) Second electrode 32 of TCO film (rear electrode).

The TCO film (i.e., the first electrode 31, the EL electrode 102, the liquid crystal electrode 103, the second electrode 32, etc.) on the front and rear surfaces is deposited on each substrate by sputtering, The external light emitting layer and the insulating layer may be formed by screen printing, spin coating, dip coating, or the like.

In the electroluminescent (EL) structure of another embodiment, only one side of the TCO film is deposited to form an electrode. In this embodiment, however, in this embodiment, ④ and ⑤ TCO film are applied to both sides of the common substrate 101 of PET or Glass, 102, a liquid crystal electrode 103, and the like.

(EL electrode 102, liquid crystal electrode 103, and the like), the EL element itself must pass light in one direction or both directions. Which is the electrode that simultaneously performs two roles. (InSnO), InZnO, ZnO, InZnSnO, TiInZnO, NiInZnO, AZO, BZO and GZO (Ga-doped ZnO) are mainly used for ITO Oxide.

The fluorescent layer serving as the light emitting layer emits light by an electric field of a certain level or more caught by the insulating layer / dielectric layer. The most essential element of the fluorescent layer is the luminescence center, and the EL starts to emit from the electric field as the electrons of the luminescent center are excited. The luminescent center should be appropriately doped and commonly used phosphor materials include Cu doped ZnS, Cu, Mn doped ZnS, Y 2 O 3 : Eu, Zn 2 SiO 4 : Mn, MgWO 4 , CaWO 4 : Pb, ZnSe , Cas, SrS, etc., mainly Cu deped ZnS, Cu, Mn doped ZnS are used.

The insulating layer / dielectric layer surrounding the fluorescent layer, which is a light emitting layer, protects the device from external environment (moisture and the like) and also acts to apply an electric field of a predetermined value or more so that the fluorescent layer (light emitting layer) can emit light. It controls the flow so that it does not flow. The insulating layer / dielectric layer affects the threshold value of light emission through various factors in constituting the device. The dielectric constant of the insulator itself, the interface state of the dielectric layer and the phosphor layer, and the thickness of the dielectric layer correspond to the element . In addition, it also determines the degree to which breakdown phenomena do not occur in a classical field. A dielectric material such as BaTiO 3, SrTiO 3, Ta 2 O 5, BaTa 2 O 6 , and is used mainly to BaTiO 3. In addition, the insulating layer / dielectric layer may be formed on one side of the light emitting layer, and may be provided on both sides of the light emitting layer, if necessary.

The second electrode 32, which is a rear electrode, is referred to as a Rare electrode, and the first electrode or the like, which is a front electrode, is not a transparent electrode, unlike the transparent electrode ITO. In the case of a metal layer other than a transparent electrode, a direction in which light is emitted can be fixed only to one side of the transparent electrode layer. A TCO film which is a transparent electrode may be used, and Al and Ag layers are mainly used as the metal layer. The reflection from the second electrode 32, which is a rarer electrode, can be hidden by using a neutral density (ND) filter or a circularly polarizing filter.

Next, the first electrode thus prepared and the EL (electroluminescent portion) element are combined.

6, PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal 41) is coated on the first electrode 31 of the TCO under the smart window and the liquid crystal electrode 4 of TCO deposited on the bottom of the EL substrate Laminating the first electrode layer 103 as a first electrode layer 31. The UV curing process for curing the PDLC coated between the lower layer of the first electrode and the upper layer as the electroluminescent portion EL is performed to fabricate an electroluminescent smart window.

7, the first substrate 21 (glass or PET) for the EL electrode 102, which is an intermediate substrate of ITO shared in the middle, functions as a smart window function (i.e., a liquid crystal display) by polymer dispersed liquid crystal It is possible to manufacture the device of the electroluminescence unit EL to exhibit a pattern of a specific shape by performing predetermined patterning on the EL electrode 102 or the like within a range in which the transparent electrode is in a transparent / opaque mode.

That is, by forming a predetermined pattering on the EL electrode 102 layer of the TCO of the electroluminescent (EL) element layer, it is possible to perform the predetermined pattering only when the electroluminescent portion EL is driven . That is, in the form of a flower or various characters.

When electricity is applied through the first electrode 31 and the liquid crystal electrode 103, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 becomes transparent and the second electrode 32 and the EL electrode 102 operate to emit light .

In addition, only the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are operated or all of the first electrode 31, the liquid crystal electrode 103, the EL electrode 102, and the second electrode 32 are operated The light emitting operation and the transparent operation are performed together.

Next, an embodiment in which the structure of the electroluminescent unit EL in the second embodiment as shown in Figs. 4, 8, 9, 20 and so on is further simplified will be described.

A first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 and a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 4, 8 and 9, An electrode 31 and a second electrode 32.

And a polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 disposed between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 and a light emitting layer 51.

And a common electrode 111 disposed between the light emitting layer 51 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41.

That is, one common electrode 111 is used to perform electroluminescence and transparent operation.

Further, an insulating layer 52 is further provided between the light emitting layer 51 and the second electrode 32.

Thus, the common electrode 111, which is a single electrode, functions as an electroluminescent layer for the light emitting layer 51 together with the second electrode 32, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 is formed together with the first electrode 31 on the other side. Transparent < / RTI >

As shown in FIGS. 4, 8, 9 and 20, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 31 are formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, An electrode forming step for forming the electrode 32, and a light emitting layer forming step for forming the light emitting layer 51 on the second electrode 32 are performed.

And a common electrode for performing a common electrode forming step of forming a common electrode 111 on the light emitting layer 51 to achieve electroluminescence and transparency transmission function.

Next, a liquid crystal application step of applying the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 on the first electrode 31 and a lamination step of positioning the common electrode 111 on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 are performed, Thereafter, the liquid crystal curing step for performing the curing process for the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 is performed to complete the layer structure of the smart window according to the present invention.

The characteristics of the respective components in the second embodiment, that is, the light emitting layer, each of the electrodes, the insulating layer / dielectric layer, the substrate, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal can be implemented by applying the configuration and characteristics of the above embodiment.

Thus, a smart window can be implemented by carrying out a basic manufacturing process of a smart window, and thereafter through a number of processes for a generally known operation. In contrast to the conventional display means, Has a transparent and opaque function through transmission and scattering of light by the dispersed liquid crystal 41 and also has a function of emitting predetermined light by the electroluminescence unit EL.

The second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

That is, as shown in the structure of the electroluminescent portion EL of FIGS. 8 and 9, the common electrode (transparent electrode) such as ITO is formed directly on the insulating layer 52 (dielectric layer or insulator layer) 111), and lamination is performed with a coating layer of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC, 41).

That is, in the above-described embodiment, the deposition sequence is reversed when the electroluminescent sub-element is fabricated.

Referring to each step, a TCO first electrode 31 for a smart window is manufactured.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, (1) a first electrode 31 of a TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass.

The first electrode 31 of the TCO film is deposited using a sputter

Next, an electroluminescent (EL) element is fabricated.

Forming a second electrode 32 as a rear electrode of the TCO film on the second substrate 22 of PET or glass as shown in FIG. 8, forming an insulating layer / dielectric layer 52 of the insulator layer, The formation of the light emitting layer 51 of the TCO film => the formation of the common electrode 111 of the TCO film.

The front and rear electrodes (TCO film) are deposited using sputtering, and other light emitting layers and insulating / dielectric layers are screen printed, spin coated, dip coated, and the like.

Next, the smart window element and the electroluminescent (EL) element are combined.

(8) Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 is coated on the first TCO electrode 31 as shown in FIG. 9, and the common electrode 111 layer of the TCO deposited on the EL light emitting device (UVLC) process for curing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 coated between the first electrode 31 of the lower layer and the electroluminescent portion EL of the upper layer .

Thus, the common electrode 111 of the (7) TCO is shared for the operation of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the operation of the light emitting layer 51 of the electroluminescent unit EL, thereby manufacturing an electroluminescent smart window with one device.

Next, a description will be made of a third embodiment in which the diffusion barrier layer 121 is further formed on the electroluminescent portion EL as shown in FIGS. 4, 10, 11, and 21. The first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 and the first and second substrates 21 and 22 formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 as shown in FIGS. 4, 10 and 11, A polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and a light emitting layer 51 positioned between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 and the like.

And a common electrode 111 disposed between the light emitting layer 51 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41.

Further, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the third embodiment further includes a diffusion prevention film 121 located between the common electrode 111 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41. [

4, 10, 11, 20, and so on, a third embodiment of the method of manufacturing a smart window according to the present invention includes a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22, 31, and a second electrode 32, and a light emitting layer forming step of forming a light emitting layer 51 on the second electrode 32 are performed. Further, a common electrode forming step of forming the common electrode 111 on the light emitting layer 51 is performed to provide an electroluminescent portion.

A liquid crystal applying step of applying the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 on the first electrode 31, a lamination step of positioning the common electrode 111 on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41, To perform a curing process with respect to the liquid crystal layer (41).

In addition, the third embodiment further includes a diffusion preventing film forming step of forming a diffusion preventing film 121 on the common electrode 111.

Thus, a smart window can be implemented by performing a manufacturing process of the smart window according to the third embodiment, and thereafter through a plurality of processes for a generally known operation, and the smart window according to the present invention, Alternatively, it has a transparent and opaque function through transmission and scattering of light by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41, and has a function of emitting predetermined light by the electroluminescence unit EL.

The characteristics of the respective components of the third embodiment may be the same as those of the components of the first and second embodiments described above.

Thus, the third embodiment diffusion prevention film 121 a in the smart window according to the invention, in order to prevent the barrier or PDLC damage to the ITO thin film, a thin Al 2 O transparent barrier layer to the ITO thin film top or bottom 3 or having a SiO And a diffusion preventing film 121 of two layers is formed by vapor deposition.

In the manufacturing process according to the third embodiment, (1) the first electrode 31 of the TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass. The TCO film is deposited using a sputter

Then, an electroluminescent portion EL is manufactured.

(5) insulator layer / dielectric layer 52 = (6) active layer luminescent layer 51, and (c) second electrode 32, which is a rear electrode which is a TCO film, is formed on the second substrate 22 of PET or Glass. The common electrode 111 of the TCO film is formed and the diffusion barrier film 121 (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 .

Electrodes (TCO film) such as front and back electrodes are deposited by sputtering, and other light emitting layers and insulating / dielectric layers are screen printed, spin coated, dip coated, and the like.

In order to prevent the introduction and diffusion of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 into the electroluminescent (EL) device, a diffusion preventing film (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3... ) As a transparent oxide film is formed on the common electrode 111 (121) is thinly coated.

The diffusion barrier layer 121 is formed by coating a thin diffusion barrier layer, which is a transparent barrier layer on the top or bottom of the ITO thin layer, in order to prevent damage to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) Include SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3, and the like.

And then the electroluminescent portion EL is coupled.

(TCO common electrode 111) coated on the TCO first electrode layer 31 with a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41, and an electrodeposition EL device with a thin diffusion-prevention layer 121, A UV curing process for curing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 coated between the first electrode 31 as a lower layer and the electroluminescent unit EL as an upper layer is performed on the first electrode 31 .

Thus, a common electrode (111) layer with a sealing function in the middle is added together. Polymer dispersed liquid crystal, which is a light-emitting element, and an EL element are shared with each other, thereby manufacturing an emissive smart window with one device.

Next, a fourth embodiment in which the organic / inorganic transparent electrode 131 is formed in the electroluminescent part EL as in FIGS. 4, 12, 13, and 22 will be described.

The first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, as shown in FIGS. 4, 12, 13, and 22, A polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and a light emitting layer 51 are disposed between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 and between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, An electroluminescent portion EL is provided.

And a common electrode disposed between the light emitting layer 51 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 41. In particular, in the fourth embodiment, the common electrode is formed of the organic / inorganic transparent electrode 131.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 12, 13, and 22, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 31 are formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, Electrodes 32 are formed on the first electrode 32 and the light emitting layer 51 is formed on the second electrode 32.

Inorganic transparent electrode 131 is formed on the light emitting layer 51 as a common electrode.

A liquid crystal application step of applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 on the first electrode 31, a lamination step of positioning the organic / inorganic transparent electrode 131 on the applied polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41, A liquid crystal curing step for performing a curing process for the dispersed liquid crystal 41 is performed to form a smart window layer.

Thus, a smart window can be implemented by carrying out a basic manufacturing process of a smart window, and thereafter through a number of processes for a generally known operation. In contrast to the conventional display means, Has a transparent and opaque function through transmission and scattering of light by the dispersed liquid crystal 41 and also has a function of emitting predetermined light by the electroluminescence unit EL.

The characteristic of each component of the fourth embodiment can be implemented by applying the characteristics of the components of the other embodiments described above.

The manufacturing process of the fourth embodiment for forming the organic / inorganic transparent electrode 131 will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to prevent the barrier or PDLC damage of the ITO thin film as shown in FIGS. 12, 13, and 22, various transparent / inorganic TCO lamination methods are proposed (eg, oxide / metal / oxide (ITO / Ag / ITO), ITO / PEDOT: PSS / ITO, etc.].

(1) A first electrode 31 of a TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass. The TCO film is deposited using a sputtering method.

(3) a second electrode 32, which is the rear electrode of the TCO film, is formed on the second substrate 22 of PET or Glass, (5) the insulator layer insulating layer / dielectric layer 52 (5) formation of an active layer light emitting layer (51), and (7) formation of an oxide / metal / oxide (TCO) film (131, common electrode).

The front and rear electrodes (TCO, Oxide / Metal / Oxide film) are deposited by sputtering, and the light emitting layer and insulation layer / dielectric layer are formed by screen printing, spin coating, dip coating or the like.

In this embodiment, the upper TCO electrode layer is formed as an organic / inorganic TCO electrode in order to prevent the introduction and diffusion of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 131 into the EL element. Oxide / Metal / Oxide (ITO / Ag / ITO) and ITO / PEDOT: PSS / ITO are examples of such organic / inorganic TCO electrode layers.

The coupling process for the electroluminescent unit EL of the fourth embodiment thus prepared is performed.

(PDLC) 41 on the TCO first electrode 31 layer under the smart window, and (7) coating the electrode / metal / oxide (TCO) layer on the electroluminescent (EL) laminating a multi-layer organic / inorganic transparent electrode 131 layer on the first electrode 31. The first electrode 31 is coated between the first electrode 31 of the lower layer and the electroluminescent portion EL of the upper layer. Type liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 is cured by a UV curing process.

As described above, the Smart / Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal and the Electroluminescent (EL) device share the organic / inorganic transparent electrode 131 of the Oxide / Metal / Oxide (TCO) do.

Next, it is driven by three electrodes on the front and rear sides to provide an AC drive circuit control method capable of simultaneously performing ON / OFF drive of the smart window and ON / OFF drive of the EL alone and at the same time. Thus, transparent-luminescent and opaque-luminescent modes are possible.

In the manufacturing process, as in the previous embodiments, (1) a first electrode 31 of a TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass. The TCO film is deposited using a sputter

Next, the electroluminescent portion EL is manufactured.

(5) insulator layer / dielectric layer 52 => (6) active layer light emitting layer (51) = (3) the second electrode (32) which is the rear electrode of the TCO film is formed on the second substrate (22) > (7) The common electrode 111 of the TCO film is fabricated in this order.

The front and rear electrodes (TCO film) are deposited using sputtering, and other light emitting layers and insulating / dielectric layers are screen printed, spin coated, dip coated, and the like.

(PDLC) 41 is coated on the TCO first electrode layer 31 and the electroluminescent part EL is coated on the TCO first electrode layer 31 by combining the polymer dispersed liquid crystal and the first electrode, ) Laminating the common electrode 111, which is a TCO layer deposited on the device, on the first electrode 31. The second electrode 31 is coated between the first electrode 31 of the lower layer and the electroluminescent portion EL of the upper layer. Type liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 is cured by a UV curing process.

Thus, the smart window single ON / OFF drive and the EL single ON / OFF drive and both can be simultaneously driven to enable transparent-light emission and opaque-light emission mode.

In the following fifth embodiment, one electrode of the electroluminescent portion (EL) is formed of a metal layer.

That is, the second electrode 32 on the side of the electroluminescence portion EL is deposited with a metal film such as Al or Ag, so that the light is emitted only on one side, and the intensity of the light is strong. To provide a cross-sectional emission smart window that reduces fatigue.

A first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22, a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 formed on the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 4, 14, The polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the light emitting layer 51 are disposed between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 and the electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, And a common electrode 111 positioned between the liquid crystal layer 51 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41.

In particular, the second electrode 32 is made of a metal electrode.

A detailed process of the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 14, 15, and the like. (1) a first electrode 31 of a TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass. The TCO film is deposited using a sputtering method.

The electroluminescent part EL is formed by: (3) forming a metal electrode 411 of a metal layer as a second electrode on the second substrate 22 of PET or glass => insulator layer insulating layer / dielectric layer 52 => Active layer light emitting layer 51 => (7) formation of a common electrode 111 of a TCO film.

The first electrode, the second electrode, the common electrode (TCO film) and the like are deposited using sputtering, and the light emitting layer and the insulating layer / dielectric layer are formed by screen printing, spin coating, dip coating or the like.

When the metal electrode 411 of the metal layer is used as a transparent electrode in manufacturing an electroluminescent (EL) device, light is emitted to both sides. If the second electrode, which is one electrode, is coated with a metal layer, The light is not emitted to the metal side but emitted only to the common electrode and the first electrode which are transparent electrodes. As the metal type of the metal electrode 411, Al and Ag metal layers are typical.

And then the electroluminescent (EL) element is coupled.

(PDLC) 41 on the layer of the first electrode 31 of the TCO = (8) coating of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41) (7) laminating the TCO layer deposited on the EL element on the first electrode layer UV curing process for curing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 41 coated between the first electrode of the lower layer and the electroluminescent portion (EL) of the upper layer is performed.

As a result, the light can not be emitted to the metal electrode 411 but is emitted only toward the transparent electrode and emits light in only one direction.

Instead of using a TCO transparent electrode layer on both sides as in the previous embodiment, instead of using one electrode as the metal electrode, the light is emitted only to one side. In some embodiments, the ⑦ TCO common electrode, which is the other electrode layer, is shared with the EL element as a polymer dispersed liquid crystal electrode, thereby manufacturing a light emitting smart window with one device.

The following sixth embodiment provides an embodiment in which a predetermined pattern groove is formed in the light emitting layer of the electroluminescent portion EL and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal is provided in the pattern groove.

A first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 which are opposed to each other as shown in Figs. 16 to 18 and Fig. 23 and the like, a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22, And a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light emitting layer portion positioned between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 and the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, A predetermined pattern groove is formed in the light emitting layer 153 of the light emitting layer portion and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal 154 is provided in a predetermined pattern groove formed in the light emitting layer 153.

A manufacturing process of the sixth embodiment will be described below.

The substrate preparation step of preparing the second substrate 22 having the first substrate 21 and the second electrode 32 on which the first electrode 31 is formed is performed as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, FIG. 23, and the like.

A light emitting layer 153 having a shadow mask 152 of a predetermined pattern is formed between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 and the shadow mask 152 is removed to form a light emitting layer 153 Emitting layer is formed.

16, a light emitting layer 153 including a predetermined shadow mask 152 may be formed on one of the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, To form a basic polymer dispersed liquid crystal light-emitting layer part.

For this purpose, the shadow mask 152 is formed in a predetermined pattern on the light emitting layer 153, and the shadow mask 152 uses a generally known technique.

Thereafter, a light emitting layer curing step is performed in which the light emitting layer 153 is removed from the light emitting layer 153 and a predetermined pattern groove is formed in the light emitting layer 153. That is, a groove having a predetermined pattern is formed by removing the shadow mask 152 from the light emitting layer 153.

The polymer dispersed liquid crystal 154 is applied on the light emitting layer 153 to apply the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 154 to the predetermined pattern groove of the light emitting layer 153.

The liquid crystal curing step of positioning the remaining electrodes in the light emitting layer forming step and curing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 154 on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 154 is performed to form a predetermined pattern groove of the light emitting layer 153 A polymer dispersed liquid crystal cell 154 is formed to form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light emitting layer unit.

The manufacturing process of the sixth embodiment thus provided will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 to 18 and the like.

In the sixth embodiment, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal and the electroluminescent portion EL are produced together unlike the previous embodiment.

That is, the first electrode 31 of the TCO film is deposited on the first substrate 21 of PET or Glass by depositing the lower electrode layer.

Next, the upper electrode layer for smart window is deposited, and the second electrode 32 of the sixth TCO film is deposited on the second substrate 22 of PET or glass.

The sample size of these electrodes is 50 x 50 mm, and the TCO film is deposited using a sputtering method.

Next, the lower electrode layer is coated with a shadow mask 152 (pattered metal sheet mask), and then the active layer (light emitting layer 153) is coated with a spin coater.

The active layer 153 has a thickness of about 30 μm and is made of Cu doped ZnS, Cu, Mn doped ZnS, Y 2 O 3 : Eu, Zn 2 SiO 4 : Mn, MgWO 4 , CaWO 4 : Pb, ZnSe , Cas, and SrS.

(3) When the shadow mask (152) is removed, only the pattered active layer (the light emitting layer (153)) is left. In order to cure the active layer, a thermal curing process is performed. Thus, a predetermined pattern groove is formed in the light emitting layer 153.

(5) Coating the PDLC (154) on the active layer (luminescent layer (153)) after curing. The thickness of the PDLC 154 is ~ 20 um.

After coating the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) 154, the first electrode 32, which is the upper electrode layer (ITO), is overlaid on the ⑥, ⑦ and the liquid crystal of the PDLC 154 is spread so as to spread uniformly.

Finally, if a UV curing process is performed so that the PDLC 154 can be cured, a light emitting smart window is manufactured by including a polymer dispersed liquid crystal and a light emitting layer.

This emissive smart window is EL device ≥ 5V and PDLC ≥ 10V when driven by DC. In general, AC voltage is used for smart window driving because the liquid crystal is burned when using DC voltage, and the PDLC liquid crystal lifetime is not long. However, high voltage is required to use AC voltage when driving EL. At first, DC is driven by the test.

Generally, 90 ~ 100V voltage is needed for smart window AC drive and EL device requires more than 150V for AC drive.

In each of the electrodes, a transparent electrode (TCO) made of ITO (InSnO), InZnO, ZnO, InZnSnO, TiInZnO, MiInZnO, AZO, BZO, GZO (Ga- doped ZnO) or the like is used. When a metal electrode is used as a part of the rear electrode, Al, Ag or the like may be used.

The light emitting layer (fluorescent layer) emits light by an electric field equal to or more than a certain value held in the insulating layer. Examples of the material include Cu doped ZnS, Cu, Mn doped ZnS, Y 2 O 3 : Eu, Zn 2 SiO 4 : Mn, MgWO 4 , CaWO 4 : Pb, ZnSe, Cas, and SrS.

The insulating layer serves to apply an electric field of a predetermined value or more so that the fluorescent layer (light emitting layer) can emit light, and also controls the overcurrent so as not to flow through the device. As the dielectric material of the insulating layer, BaTiO 3, SrTiO 3 , Ta 2 O 5 , and BaTa 2 O 6 .

The light emitting layer and the insulating layer / dielectric layer may be formed by a method such as screen printing, spin coating, or dip coating.

In the smart window provided with the electroluminescence function according to the present invention as described above, the following operation is performed.

That is, according to a method of applying power to the first electrode, the second electrode, the common electrode, the EL electrode, and the liquid crystal electrode in the above embodiments, the smart window is controlled by a control unit (not shown) A light emission function, and the like.

In the smart window control method, the smart window includes a first electrode 31, a second electrode 32, and a common electrode 111 (in some embodiments, an EL electrode 102 and a liquid crystal electrode 103) The polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41 and the light emitting portion 51 of the electroluminescent portion EL are positioned between the electrodes constituting the layers of the common electrode member and the like.

A transmission operation step of applying electricity to the first electrode 31 and the common electrode 111 to transmit light by the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 41; A light emitting operation step of applying electricity to the common electrode 111 and the second electrode 32 to emit light in the light emitting unit 51; And the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 to apply electricity to the first electrode 31, the common electrode 111 and the second electrode 32 or to apply the electric power to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, And a light emitting and emitting operation step in which the light is transmitted and emitted together with the electroluminescent part EL or the like.

As a result, transparent or opaque operation according to the smart window configuration and light emission operation by the electroluminescent unit are realized through one smart window, thereby reducing unnecessary members.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The technical idea of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

21: first substrate 22: second substrate
31: first electrode 32: second electrode
41: polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)
EL: Electroluminescent part
51: light emitting layer 52: insulating layer
101: common substrate 102: EL electrode
103: liquid crystal electrode
111: common electrode 121: diffusion barrier film
131: organic / inorganic transparent electrode 141: metal electrode
152: Shadow mask 153: Light emitting layer
154: polymer dispersed liquid crystal

Claims (17)

A first substrate;
A first transparent electrode formed on the first substrate;
A polymer dispersed liquid crystal positioned on the first transparent electrode;
A transparent diffusion preventing film located on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal;
A transparent common electrode positioned on the transparent diffusion prevention film;
A light emitting layer disposed on the transparent common electrode;
A second transparent electrode disposed on the light emitting layer; And
And a second substrate formed on the second transparent electrode,
Wherein the transparent common electrode operates the polymer dispersed liquid crystal in combination with the first transparent electrode while operating the light emitting layer in combination with the second transparent electrode. window. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the transparent common electrode comprises an organic / inorganic transparent electrode. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the transparent diffusion barrier film is made of Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 . A smart window element forming step of forming a first transparent electrode on a first substrate and applying a polymer dispersed liquid crystal on the first transparent electrode;
Forming a second transparent electrode on a second substrate, forming a light emitting layer on the second transparent electrode, and forming a transparent common electrode on the light emitting layer;
A lamination step of laminating the smart window element and the electroluminescent element so that a transparent common electrode is located on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal; And
And a liquid crystal curing step of performing a curing process on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the transparent common electrode comprises an organic / inorganic transparent electrode. 6. The method of claim 5,
The electroluminescent device forming step
And forming a transparent diffusion barrier layer on the transparent common electrode. The method of claim 1, wherein the transparent diffusion barrier layer is formed on the transparent common electrode. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the transparent diffusion prevention film is made of Al 2 O 3 or SiO 2 . delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete
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