KR101590788B1 - Ultra wideband dual circular polarization planar waveguide antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultra-wideband dual circular-wave flat-plate type waveguide antenna, and more particularly, to an ultra-wideband dual linearly polarized flat-plate-type antenna having a front- The present invention relates to an ultra-wideband dual-circular-wave flat-plate waveguide antenna that satisfies ultra-wide-band axial ratio characteristics and has high antenna radiation efficiency by additionally providing an orthogonal mode converter and a polarizer.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an ultra-wideband dual circular polarization planar waveguide antenna,

The present invention relates to an ultra-wideband dual circular-wave flat-plate type waveguide antenna, and more particularly, to an ultra-wideband dual linearly polarized flat-plate-type antenna having a front- The present invention relates to an ultra-wideband dual-circular-wave flat-plate waveguide antenna that satisfies ultra-wide-band axial ratio characteristics and has high antenna radiation efficiency by additionally providing an orthogonal mode converter and a polarizer.

Generally, an antenna is used to radiate or receive a radio wave into a free space, and there are various classification standards, but it is generally classified into a linear antenna, an opening antenna, a microstrip antenna, a flat plate horn array antenna, a reflector antenna, .

The radio waves radiated from the antenna have a certain pattern. The polarized waves of the radiated radio waves are divided into linear polarized waves, circular polarized waves, elliptical polarized waves, and the like depending on the direction in which the electric field or the magnetic field vibrates and the direction in which the waves propagate.

In this case, the circular polarized wave of the polarized wave radiated from the antenna is a radio wave whose circle traces the locus of the vector end indicating the magnitude and direction of the electric field on the plane perpendicular to the propagation direction, and is generally equal in amplitude and orthogonal to each other If the amplitudes are different, the composite wave is drawn on the plane perpendicular to the propagation direction. This is referred to as an elliptical polarization, and it is referred to as an elliptical polarization, and the circular polarization or elliptical polarization is orthogonal to the propagation direction A clockwise elliptical polarization of the electric field vector in the clockwise direction toward the propagation direction and a counterclockwise rotation of the electric field vector in the counterclockwise direction are represented by the counterclockwise ellipse.

Conventional flat dual circular polarized antennas have been developed as microstrip or waveguide type.

In the case of a microstrip type, it is possible to realize a thinner thickness than a waveguide type, but it has a disadvantage that it is difficult to satisfy the broadband characteristic because the transmission radiation loss is reduced due to transmission line loss.

In addition, in the case of the conventional waveguide type, a method of embedding a polarizer in each cell of the antenna or implementing a circular polarized wave using a film is used. This also satisfies the broadband characteristic of the axial ratio, which is an important performance of the antenna There is a problem. Particularly, in the case of the polarizer inserted in each cell, the septum method is used due to the structural limitation, which does not satisfy the broadband characteristic.

Also, the beam pattern of the antenna of the planar array type has a disadvantage in that the grating lobe necessarily occurs because of the structural characteristics.

In other words, the grating lobe is a kind of side lobe, which is caused by the number of antenna elements and the distance between elements in a planar array antenna.

A geostationary satellite is located above the equator at 36,000 km. At present, satellites have reached a saturation level with a geostationary satellite at almost 1 degree intervals above the equator. Therefore, if the characteristics of the side lobe become poor at the time of transmitting a signal, an interference signal is transmitted to an undesired neighboring satellite, which may cause communication failure of other satellites.

In order to solve the above problems, there is a method of reducing the signal output level of the planar waveguide antenna and allocating more frequencies, but this has the problem that the transmission speed of the signal of the planar waveguide antenna is reduced and the rent of the communication satellite is increased have.

In addition, a dual linear polarized wave horn array antenna has been disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2008-0105856 (published on December 24, 2008, entitled: dual linear polarized wave horn array antenna) However, there is a problem in that the grating lobe generated in the flat type waveguide antenna can not be solved.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2008-0105856 (published on December 24, 2008, entitled: Dual Linearly Polarized Horn Array Antenna)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been conceived to solve the problems as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an ultra-wideband dual linearly polarized flat antenna with a parting member for improving a beam pattern, The present invention provides an ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flattened type waveguide antenna that satisfies ultra-wideband axial ratio characteristics and has high antenna radiation efficiency by additionally providing an orthogonal mode converter and a polarizer for implementing the antenna.

The UWB dual planar waveguide antenna of the present invention includes a horn part 200 having one surface connected to the waveguide part 100 and having an opening 210 for guiding radio waves incident on or emitted from the other surface, A waveguide antenna comprising: a dividing member (300) mounted in the opening (210) at a front surface of the waveguide antenna and having perforated split holes (310) arranged in a matrix of nxn; A first waveguide path 510 and a second waveguide path 520 connected to the first signal input / output port 410 and the second signal input / output port 420 formed on the rear surface of the waveguide antenna; An orthogonal mode converter 600 connected to the first waveguide path 510 and the second waveguide path 520; A polarizer 700 mounted on one side of the orthogonal mode transducer 600; And is formed to include a plurality of protrusions.

The polarizer 700 includes a right-handed circularly polarized-wave port 710 formed at one end of the polarizer 700 branched from the end connected to the orthogonal mode transducer 600, A counterclockwise circularly polarized wave port 720 may be formed at the end.

In addition, the partitioning member 300 may be formed by perforating the partitioning hole 310 in an elliptical shape.

The dividing member 300 may be formed such that the inner diameter of the dividing hole 310 is equal to or smaller than? / 2 when the wavelength of a radio wave incident on or emitted from the dividing hole 310 is?.

In addition, the division member 300 may be characterized in that the division holes 310 are arranged in a matrix of 2 x 2.

The ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flat waveguide antenna 1 may include a cover member 800 interposed between the opening 210 and the partitioning member 300.

The cover member 800 may be formed to have a thickness of? / 2 when a wavelength of a radio wave incident on or emitted from the split hole 310 is?.

The present invention provides an ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized waveguide antenna comprising a split member for improving a beam pattern on a front surface thereof and an orthogonal mode transducer and a polarizer for implementing a circularly polarized wave on the rear surface, Axial ratio characteristics, and antenna radiation efficiency is high.

Further, in the present invention, the radio waves incident on or emitted from the openings are divided into nxn pieces through the divided members formed by perforating the partitioning holes with the matrix of nxn, thereby improving the characteristics of side lobes, the occurrence of lobes can be minimized.

Particularly, according to the present invention, when 2 x 2 divided holes are positioned per one opening, the signal incident or emitted through the horn is divided into quadruple, so that the number of horns is increased four times and the interval between horns is reduced to half The generation of the grating lobe is remarkably reduced, and the antenna radiation efficiency can be maximized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are perspective views showing an ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flat type waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
3 is a rear perspective view of an ultra-wideband dual circular polarized wave flat waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of an ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flattened type waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the rear; FIG.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a unit cell of an ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flattened waveguide antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
6 is a graph showing the beam pattern before and after the application of the dividing member.

Hereinafter, the ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized waveguide antenna of the present invention as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the present invention includes a horn 200 having one surface connected to the waveguide part 100 and having an opening 210 for guiding a wave to be incident on or emitted from the other surface, To a waveguide antenna.

The waveguide unit 100 is made of a hollow conductor and serves to transmit the wave while being reflected between the inner walls.

The horn part 200 is a radiating element for entering or exiting a radio wave. The horn part 200 is connected to the inside of the waveguide part 100 on one side and an opening part 210 for guiding radio waves incident or emitted from the outside.

The horn part 200 may include a plurality of polarization guides for guiding various types of polarized waves included in a radio wave incident on the opening part 210, And can be integrally formed.

In particular, the ultra-wideband dual circular-wave flat-plate waveguide antenna 1 of the present invention includes a split member 300, a first waveguide path 510, a second waveguide path 520, an orthogonal mode transducer 600, 700).

The partition member 300 is a sheet which is mounted on the opening 210 located on the front surface of the waveguide antenna and in which divided holes 310 formed by perforation are arranged in a matrix of n x n.

At this time, the partitioning member 300 may be fixed to the rim of the opening 210 by using silicone or an adhesive, or may be connected to the partitioning member 300 by various methods such as bolts or other coupling members.

The partitioning member 300 may be made of a metal-like conductor. In this case, the partitioning hole 310 may be formed by etching a certain region of the partitioning member 300 with a matrix of nxn.

In addition, the material of the partitioning member 300 and the manufacturing method of the partitioning hole 310 can be variously modified.

The partitioning hole 310 may be formed in an elliptical shape, which means a shape including a circle. In fact, the present applicant has confirmed through experiments that the radiating effect of the antennas is lower than that when the divided holes 310 are formed in a rectangular shape.

2, the division member 300 includes one cell of a waveguide antenna consisting of one waveguide and horn, that is, a division hole 300 arranged in a 2 x 2 matrix per one opening 210, May be coupled to the opening 210 so that the opening 310 is disposed.

In this case, the dividing member 300 divides a signal incident or emitted through the horn into four equal parts, so that the number of horns is increased four times and the interval between the horns is reduced to half.

Thus, it is possible to minimize the side lobe that radiates in a direction other than the direction in which the radio wave is intended to be directed, and in particular, to significantly reduce the occurrence of a grating lobe.

This can solve the problem that signals transmitted from the ground cause signal interference to adjacent satellites due to the periodic orbit that reaches saturation above the current equatorial plane. In addition, in order to improve the quality of the beam pattern, There is no need to allocate a frequency, which can contribute to cost reduction.

6 (a) is a beam pattern before the division member 300 is applied, and FIG. 6 (b) is a beam pattern after the division member 300 is applied.

The line labeled OAM (Off-Axis Mask) in FIG. 6 is a kind of satellite communication protocol, which means that the beam pattern of the antenna should be located below the off-axis mask to affect the adjacent satellite. As shown in the figure, before the division member 300 was applied, a large signal spike occurred at around 50 degrees.

This means that a grating lobe that is necessarily generated in a planar array antenna may transmit a large signal to a satellite 50 degrees away from the target satellite, which may cause satellite interference.

On the other hand, in FIG. 6 (b), all the grating lobes in the vicinity of 50 degrees are disappeared, and the beam pattern is also positioned below the Off-Axis Mask, and the overall side lobe characteristic is improved.

The dividing member 300 may have the dividing hole 310 formed by a matrix of 4 x 4 in addition to 2 x 2, The generation of the grating lobes is reduced. However, since the intensity of the electric waves is reduced, it is most preferable that the partitioning member 300 has the partitioning holes 310 formed in a matrix of 2 x 2.

The dividing member 300 may have an inner diameter equal to or less than 1? When the wavelength of a radio wave incident on or emitted from the dividing hole 310 is?. At this time,? = F / c (f = wavelength, c = speed of light).

In this case, when the diameter of the split hole 310 is equal to or larger than 1?, The efficiency of the antenna decreases and the size of the grating lobe increases as the spacing of the horn array of the antenna according to the present invention increases. / 2 or less.

The first signal input / output port 410 and the second signal input / output port 420 are formed on the rear surface of the UWB dual flat plate waveguide antenna 1 of the present invention. The first signal input / And a second waveguide path 520 is connected to the second signal input / output port 420. The first waveguide path 510 is connected to the second signal input /

The orthogonal mode transducer 600 is connected to the first waveguide path 510 and the second waveguide path 520 to separately pass two polarized waves orthogonal to each other.

That is, the orthogonal mode transducer 600 separates vertically polarized waves input from one of the first waveguide path 510 and the second waveguide path 520 and horizontal polarization input from the other.

The polarizer 700 is a device for generating a circularly polarized wave. The polarizer 700 is mounted on one side of the orthogonal mode transducer 600 and allows the polarized wave passed through the orthogonal mode transducer 600 to pass therethrough. The right polarized wave or the left- .

3, the polarizer 700 includes Y-shaped or T-shaped end portions extending from the side connected to the orthogonal mode transducer 600 and branched rightward, A circularly polarized wave port 710 may be formed and a left-turn circularly polarized wave port 720 may be formed at the other branched end.

5 illustrates a unit cell of an ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flattened waveguide antenna 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The ultra wideband dual circular polarization flattened waveguide antenna 1 includes a plurality of openings 210, And a cover member 800 which is interposed between and coupled to the divided member 300. [

The cover member 800 is made of a film-like material through which the radio wave incident or emitted to the opening 210 can pass. The cover member 800 has one side coupled to the opening 210, May be coated.

The thickness of the cover member 800 is related to the impedance matching of the antenna, and the poor impedance matching of the antenna means that the antenna gain of the antenna is reduced, that is, the performance of the antenna is deteriorated.

Accordingly, when the wavelength of the radio wave incident on or emitted from the split hole 310 is?, The cover member 800 is formed so as to have a thickness of? / 2 or less, such that the antenna gain of the waveguide horn antenna is not reduced. .

In order to improve the beam pattern, an ultra-wideband dual circular polarized wave flat waveguide antenna 1 of the present invention is provided with a dividing member 300 as a film for improving a beam pattern, The mode converter 600 and the polarizer 700 are additionally provided, thereby satisfying the UWB axial characteristics and having an advantage of high antenna radiation efficiency.

Also, the present invention is characterized in that a radio wave incident on or emitted from the opening 210 is divided into nxn pieces through a division member 300 formed by perforating the division hole 310 with a matrix of nxn, so that the characteristics of the side lobe And the generation of a grating lobe can be minimized.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It goes without saying that various modifications can be made.

1: Ultra-Wideband Dual Circularly Polarized Flat Waveguide Antenna
100: waveguide part
200: horn 210: opening
300: Split member 310: Split hole
410: first signal input / output port 420: second signal input / output port
510: first waveguide path 520: second waveguide path
600: orthogonal mode converter
700: polarizer
710: Right turn circular polarized wave port 720: Left turn circular polarized wave port
800: cover member

Claims (7)

A plurality of waveguide antenna elements formed by including a horn part 200 connected to the waveguide part 100 on one side and an opening part 210 for guiding radio waves incident on or emitted from the other side , In an array type waveguide antenna,
Coupled to the opening 210, the rim of the side on the front of the waveguide antenna, a perforated partition holes 310 that type property in a circle or an oval form is arranged in one of the 2 x 2 per opening 210 matrix A split member 300 which is a film ;
A first waveguide path 510 and a second waveguide path 520 connected to the first signal input / output port 410 and the second signal input / output port 420 formed on the rear surface of the waveguide antenna;
An orthogonal mode converter 600 connected to the first waveguide path 510 and the second waveguide path 520;
A polarizer 700 mounted on one side of the orthogonal mode transducer 600; Wherein the first and second planar waveguide antennas are formed on the substrate.
The method according to claim 1,
The polarizer 700 includes:
An end portion extending from a side connected to the orthogonal mode transducer 600 branches in two directions,
A rightward circularly polarized wave port 710 is formed at one branched end,
And a counterclockwise circularly polarized wave port (720) is formed at the other branched end of the circularly polarized waveguide antenna (720).
delete The method according to claim 1,
The partitioning member 300
Wherein an inner diameter of the split hole (310) is formed to be equal to or smaller than? / 2 when a wavelength of a radio wave incident on or output from the split hole (310) is?.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The ultra-wideband dual circular polarization flattened waveguide antenna (1)
And a cover member (800) interposed between the opening (210) and the dividing member (300). The planar antenna of claim 1, wherein the cover member (800)
The method according to claim 6,
The cover member (800)
And the thickness of the ultra-wideband dual circular polarized wave flat waveguide antenna is set to be equal to or smaller than? / 2 when a wavelength of a radio wave incident on or outputted to the split hole (310) is?.

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