KR101580085B1 - Fluidized bed combustor for precise control of fluidizing air - Google Patents

Fluidized bed combustor for precise control of fluidizing air Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101580085B1
KR101580085B1 KR1020150106495A KR20150106495A KR101580085B1 KR 101580085 B1 KR101580085 B1 KR 101580085B1 KR 1020150106495 A KR1020150106495 A KR 1020150106495A KR 20150106495 A KR20150106495 A KR 20150106495A KR 101580085 B1 KR101580085 B1 KR 101580085B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
air
fluidized
combustion
combustion furnace
fluidized bed
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KR1020150106495A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
박춘식
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이보엠텍 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/50—Fluidised bed furnace
    • F23G2203/502—Fluidised bed furnace with recirculation of bed material inside combustion chamber

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustor enabling the precise control of fluidizing air comprising: a combustor body in which a fluidized bed, where fluidizing media are stacked, is formed inside and a combustion burner is installed on one side of the inner surface; an air injection part which is installed on one side of the inside the combustor body and injects fluidizing air to fluidize the fluidizing media; one or more temperature sensors which are installed on the other side of the inside the combustor body and measure the temperature of the fluidizing bed; and a fluidizing air supply part which is installed outside the combustor body and supply the fluidizing air to the fluidizing air injection part. According to the present invention, the fluidized bed combustor prevents the incomplete combustion of solids and solid fuel or the fusion of overheated fluidizing media by precisely controlling the temperature of the fluidized bed to a temperature suitable for combustion.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustor for precise control of fluidized air and combustion air,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air, and more particularly to a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling the oxygen concentration of fluidized air supplied to a fluidized bed in a combustion furnace body, It is possible to precisely control the fluidized air which can be maintained in the temperature range and to provide the cooling function of the fuel input part and the in-furnace diffusion function of the injected fuel simultaneously in a simple gravity fuel injection method, And a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air so as to adjust the injection angle.

Generally, a fluidized bed combustion furnace has a wide receiving width for fuel, has convenience such as desulfurization and dehalogenation in the furnace, facilitates temperature control in the furnace, and burns at a relatively low temperature to produce a small amount of nitrogen oxides, Because of its excellent effect and its merit of being able to mix with other fuels, it uses the high temperature heat obtained by burning solid and solid fuels such as fossil fuels and biomass fuels to generate steam for power generation, Has been applied to cogeneration and power generation boilers.

Such a fluidized bed combustion furnace is a system in which solid and solid fuels such as fossil fuels, biomass fuels, etc. are combusted while flowing in a furnace together with a fluid medium such as sand or alumina alumina, It is very important to control the flow rate of the fluidized air and the oxygen concentration appropriately so as to maintain the fluidized state and to control the temperature of the fluidized bed so as not to fall within an appropriate range.

However, in the past, the driver judged with an individual operating factor and operated in response to the situation manually, resulting in incomplete combustion problem due to the driver's mistake, a problem of fusion of the fluid due to overheating of the fluidized bed, This is the reality of the difficulty of

There has been a demand for a technology for appropriately controlling the air flow rate and the oxygen concentration of the fluidizing air supplied into the combustion furnace and controlling the temperature of the fluidized bed not to deviate from an appropriate range.

Korean Patent No. 1309279 entitled " Integrated Fluidized Bed Combustion Device for Producing and Recycling Steam "

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for precisely controlling the concentration of oxygen in fluidized air supplied to a fluidized bed of a fluidized bed combustion furnace, And to provide a possible fluidized bed combustion furnace.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air so as to realize the cooling function and the fuel diffusion function of the fuel injecting part simultaneously by improving the structure of the fuel injecting part.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air, which can adjust the combustion air supply part supplying the combustion air required for combustion of the solid fuel at various angles.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustion furnace including a combustion furnace body having a combustion chamber in which a fluidized bed is stacked and a combustion burner is installed on an inner surface of the furnace body, At least one temperature sensor provided at the other side of the combustion furnace main body for measuring the temperature of the fluidized bed and at least one temperature sensor provided outside the combustion furnace main body for supplying fluidized air to the fluidized- Wherein the fluidized air supply unit includes an external air supply line to which external air is supplied and a first opening degree adjusting valve that gradually adjusts an external air supply amount to one side, The cleaned flue gas having a lower oxygen concentration than that of the outside air is purified A clean flue gas supply line provided with a second flush control valve for gradually adjusting the supply amount of the clean flue gas to one side, and a clean flue gas supplied from the clean flue gas supply line to the outside air supplied from the outside air supply line A mixing chamber for generating fluidized air; a blowing means for feeding the fluidized air generated in the mixing chamber to the fluidized-air spraying unit; and a control means for controlling the opening amount of the first opening degree adjusting valve and the second opening degree adjusting valve Wherein the control means controls the first opening degree adjusting valve and the second opening degree adjusting valve in a mutually reversed direction when the temperature of the fluidized bed measured by the temperature sensor is determined to be an emergency mode in which the temperature of the fluidized bed is out of a predetermined temperature range of the fluidized bed, The oxygen concentration of the fluidized air is controlled by adjusting the opening amount It characterized by maintaining the temperature of the fluidized bed in a predetermined temperature range.

The control unit may further include an oxygen concentration sensor disposed at one side of the fluidized-air injection unit, and when the control unit determines that the temperature of the fluidized bed measured by the temperature sensor is within an operating temperature range of the fluidized bed, The oxygen concentration of the fluidized air is adjusted to a preset oxygen concentration through the gradual opening adjustment of the first opening degree adjusting valve and the second opening degree adjusting valve in mutually opposite directions based on the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air measured by the oxygen concentration sensor .

The fuel injection unit may further include at least one fuel injection unit installed at one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace main body and injecting solid fuel into the combustion furnace main body, wherein one end of the fuel injection unit is connected to one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace main body, A fuel injection pipe provided upwardly inclined toward the outer side of the combustion furnace body to provide a path for injecting solid and solid fuel and a closed space portion provided inside the combustion chamber, And a cooling air injection nozzle installed at one side of the outer surface of the cooling chamber for spraying air into the cooling chamber, and a cooling air injection nozzle installed at one side of the outer surface of the fuel injection pipe and injecting air introduced into the cooling chamber into the fuel injection pipe A fuel diffusion nozzle and a cooling chamber provided at one side of the inside of the cooling chamber to partition the space, And an air circulation plate for circulating the air introduced into the cooling chamber through the injection nozzle into the partitioned space to be introduced into the fuel diffusion nozzle.

The combustion air injection unit may further include at least one combustion air injection unit for injecting combustion air into the combustion furnace body. The combustion air injection unit is connected to one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace main body, one end is disposed inside the combustion furnace body, A rotary sealing member provided on one side of the inside of the other end of the protective tubular body to enclose a diameter of the protective tubular body and to be rotatable in multiple directions, A combustion air injection nozzle connected to one side of the sealing member and having one end disposed at one end of the protective tube to inject combustion air into the combustion furnace main body and a combustion air injection nozzle connected to the other end of the combustion air injection nozzle and the combustion air supply duct High-pressure flexible hose and And at least two angle fixing wires connecting the one end of the other end of the combustion air injection nozzle and one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace to each other and being adjustable in length.

In the meantime, the combustion air injecting portion is formed of an elastic material for the angle fixing wire, and a spiral groove is further formed along the longitudinal direction on the inner circumferential surface of the protective tube.

The combustion air injection unit may further include cooling air injection means installed at one side of the inner surface of the protective tube to cool the combustion air injection nozzle by injecting air into one end of the protective tube.

According to the present invention, by precisely controlling the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air and controlling the temperature of the fluidized bed to a temperature suitable for combustion by controlling the amount of combustion of the solid and solid fuel mixed with the fluidized medium and burning, And the problem that the solid fuel is incompletely burnt or the fluid medium is overheated and fusion-bonded can be prevented.

In addition, by simultaneously implementing the cooling function and the fuel diffusion function of the fuel injection portion, it is possible to prevent the fuel injection portion from being overheated due to the internal temperature of the fluidized bed combustion furnace, and to prevent the solid and solid fuel to be injected into the fluidized bed combustion furnace So that the combustion efficiency can be further improved.

In addition, by improving the structure so that the combustion air supply unit can be adjusted at various angles, the angle of the combustion air supply unit can be set to an angle at which a swirling flow optimized for complete combustion is formed, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

1 schematically shows a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fuel injection part of a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic view showing a state in which a combustion air injection unit is installed in a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a schematic view showing an air flow of a fuel injecting portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a schematic view showing a state in which a swirling flow is formed in a fluidized bed combustion furnace due to a combustion air injection portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It is to be noted that like elements in the drawings are represented by the same reference numerals as possible. Further, detailed description of known functions and configurations that may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the invention will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a state in which a combustion air injection unit is installed inside a fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. Fig.

1 to 3, a fluidized bed combustion furnace 1 capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion furnace body 10, a fluidized air injection section 20, A sensor 30, a fluidized air supply unit 40, a fuel injection unit 50, and a combustion air injection unit 60.

The combustion furnace body 10 has a fluidized bed 11 in which a fluid medium is stacked, and a combustion burner 12 is installed on one side of the inner surface.

Here, the fluid medium is lifted up to the upper portion of the combustion furnace body 10 through the fluidized-air injecting section 20 to be described later, and the solid and solid fuels injected into the combustion furnace body 10 through the fuel- So that the solid and solid fuel can be uniformly combusted in the combustion furnace 10, and either alumina or sand can be used.

The combustion burner 12 serves to increase the temperature inside the combustion furnace body 10 to a predetermined temperature by burning light oil, biogas or LNG.

The fluidized-air injecting unit 20 is installed to be embedded in the fluidized bed 11 stacked in the combustion furnace body 10 to float the fluidized medium upwards. As shown in the enlarged view, the fluidized- And a fluidizing nozzle 22 connected to each of the distribution pipes 21a. The manifold 21 has a plurality of distribution pipes 21a formed on one side of the outer surface thereof.

The fluidized-air spraying unit 20 includes a fluidized-air supply duct 23 provided outside the combustion furnace main body and supplied with fluidized air before being supplied to the manifold, and one side of the fluidized- An air flow rate sensor 70 and an oxygen concentration sensor 80 for measuring the air flow rate and oxygen concentration of the fluidized air supplied from the supply unit 40 are provided.

The temperature sensor 30 is embedded in the fluidized bed 11 in one side of the combustion furnace 10 to measure the temperature of the fluidized bed 11.

The fluidized air supply unit 40 is provided outside the combustion furnace body 10 and supplies the fluidized air to the fluidized air injection unit 20. The fluidized air supply unit 40 includes an external air supply line 41, A mixing chamber 43, a blowing means 44 and a control means 45. [

The external air supply line 41 is provided outside the combustion furnace body 10 and provides a path for supplying external air to the mixing chamber 43 and a first opening degree adjusting valve 41a is installed on one side.

Here, the first degree-of-regulation valve 41a controls the supply amount of the external air supplied to the mixing chamber 43 by adjusting the opening amount of the external air supply line 41.

The clean flue gas supply line 42 is provided outside the combustion furnace body 10 and purifies the flue gas discharged from the combustion furnace body 10 to supply a clean flue gas having a lower oxygen concentration than the outside air to the mixing chamber 43 And a second degree-of-regulation valve 42a is installed on one side.

Here, the second degree-of-regulation valve 42a controls the supply amount of the clean exhaust gas supplied to the mixing chamber 43 by adjusting the opening amount of the clean exhaust gas supply line 42.

The mixing chamber 43 serves to mix the outside air supplied from the outside air supply line 41 with the clean exhaust gas supplied from the clean exhaust gas supply line 42 to generate fluidized air.

The blowing means 44 serves to feed the fluidized air generated in the mixing chamber 43 to the fluidized air injection portion 20 and includes an inverter motor 44b for providing a rotational force to the blower 44a and the blower 44a ).

The control means 45 controls the first opening degree control valve 41a and the second opening degree control valve 41b based on the temperature of the fluidized bed 11 measured at the temperature sensor 30 or the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air measured at the oxygen concentration sensor 80 And regulates the amount of opening of the opening control valve 42b.

The control means 45 adjusts the rotational force of the inverter motor 44b of the blowing means based on the air flow rate of the fluidized air measured by the air flow sensor 70 so that the fluidized air supplied from the fluidized- And can be supplied in a preset air volume.

Hereinafter, the operation of controlling the fluidized bed combustion furnace 1 capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail through the control means 45. [

When the control means 45 judges that the temperature of the fluidized bed 11 measured by the temperature sensor 30 is in the emergency mode out of the range of 650 ° C to 800 ° C which is a preset temperature range suitable for combustion, The oxygen concentration of the fluidized air is controlled by gradually adjusting the amount of opening of the second opening degree control valve 42a in the opposite direction to adjust the combustion amount of the solid fuel so that the temperature of the fluidized bed is maintained at 650 ° C To 800 < 0 > C.

More specifically, when the temperature of the fluidized bed measured by the temperature sensor 30 falls below the lower limit of 650 占 폚, which is a preset temperature range of 650 占 폚 to 800 占 폚, The valve 41a is gradually opened and the second opening degree control valve 42a is gradually blocked to increase the supply amount of the outside air supplied to the mixing chamber 43 and to reduce the supply amount of the clean exhaust gas.

Since the supply rate of the external air having a high oxygen concentration is higher than that of the clean exhaust gas in the mixing chamber 43, the oxygen concentration of the generated fluidized air is increased, and the fluidized air having the increased oxygen concentration flows into the fluidized bed 11 The amount of combustion of the solid fuel increases and the temperature of the fluidized bed increases.

On the contrary, when the temperature of the fluidized bed 11 measured by the temperature sensor 30 rises to 800 ° C or more, which is the upper limit value of the range of 650 ° C to 800 ° C, which is the preset temperature range, The control valve 41a gradually closes and the second degree-adjusting valve 42a is gradually opened to reduce the supply amount of the outside air supplied to the mixing chamber 43 and increase the supply amount of the clean exhaust gas.

Since the supply rate of the clean exhaust gas having a lower oxygen concentration than that of the outside air is increased in the mixing chamber 43, the oxygen concentration of the generated fluidized air is decreased and the fluidized air having the reduced oxygen concentration is supplied to the fluidized bed 11 The amount of combustion of the solid fuel decreases and the temperature of the fluidized bed decreases.

As described above, the fluidized bed combustion furnace (1) capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air according to the embodiment of the present invention precisely controls the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air supplied to the fluidized bed (11) The temperature of the fluidized bed 11 is precisely controlled to a temperature suitable for combustion by controlling the amount of combustion of the solid and solid fuels to be burned, thereby solving the problem that the solid and solid fuels are incompletely burnt or the fluid medium is overheated and fused .

This not only improves the combustion efficiency, but also permits more stable operation.

If the control means 45 determines that the operation mode is within the predetermined temperature range of 650 ° C to 800 ° C so that the temperature of the fluidized bed 11 measured by the temperature sensor 30 is suitable for combustion, The oxygen concentration of the fluidized air is adjusted in advance by adjusting the opening amount of the first opening degree regulating valve 41a and the second opening degree regulating valve 41b in mutually opposite directions based on the oxygen concentration of the fluidizing air measured by the oxygen concentration measuring unit 80 And maintains the temperature of the fluidized bed at a predetermined temperature range of 650 ° C to 800 ° C.

The fuel injecting section 50 is provided at one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body 10 to inject solid fuel into the combustion furnace body 10 and includes a fuel injection pipe 51, a cooling chamber 52, A nozzle 53, a fuel diffusion nozzle 54, and an air circulation plate 55.

The fuel injection pipe 51 is connected at one end to one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body 10 and at the other end at an upward inclination toward the outer side of the combustion furnace body 10, Provide the path to be injected.

The cooling chamber 52 is formed with a sealed space 52a therein and is installed to receive one end of the fuel injection pipe 51 in the space 52a.

The cooling air injection nozzle 53 is installed at one side of the outer surface of the cooling chamber 52 and serves to inject air into the cooling chamber 52.

Here, the air supplied to the cooling air injection nozzle 53 may use a part of the fluidized air supplied to the fluidized-air injecting unit 20 or the combustion air supplied to the combustion air injecting unit 60 described later.

The fuel diffusion nozzle 54 is provided at one side of the outer surface of the fuel injection pipe 51 and injects the air flowing into the cooling chamber 52 from the cooling air injection nozzle 53 into the fuel injection pipe 51, And diffuses the solid and solid fuel injected through the inlet pipe 51 into the combustion furnace body 10.

The air circulation plate 55 is installed at one side of the inside of the cooling chamber 52 to partition the space portion 52a of the cooling chamber 52 and to enter the cooling chamber 52 through the cooling air injection nozzle 53 And circulates the air through the space portion 52a to be introduced into the fuel diffusion nozzle 54.

Since the fuel injecting unit 50 is formed in the above-described structure, the air introduced into the cooling chamber 52 through the cooling air injection nozzle 53 circulates through the space portion 52a, The air circulated in the space portion 52a is injected into the fuel injection pipe 51 through the fuel diffusion nozzle 54 so that the fuel injection pipe 51 is cooled It is possible to simultaneously provide the fuel diffusion function for diffusing the solid and solid fuel injected into the combustion furnace body 10 through the fuel supply system.

Thus, not only the fuel injection pipe 51 can be prevented from being overheated due to the internal temperature of the combustion furnace body 10, but also the injected solid fuel is diffused into the combustion furnace body 10 to be distributed uniformly, Can be improved.

The combustion air injecting section 60 injects combustion air required for combustion of solid and solid fuel into the combustion furnace body 10 and includes a protective tube 61, a rotating sealing member 62, a combustion air injection nozzle 63, an angle fixing wire 64, a cooling air injection means 65, and a high-pressure flexible hose 66.

The protection tube 61 is connected to one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body 10 so that one end thereof is disposed inside the combustion furnace body 10 and the other end thereof is disposed outside the combustion furnace body 10.

The rotation sealing member 62 is made of a fluid material and is formed in a completely spherical shape capable of multi-directional rotation. The rotation sealing member 62 is installed at one side of the inside of the other end of the protective tube 61 to seal the diameter of the protective tube 61 As shown in Fig.

The combustion air injection nozzle 63 is connected to one side of the rotation sealing member 62 and has one end disposed inside the one end of the protective tube 61 to inject the combustion air into the combustion furnace body 10 do.

The angle fixing wire 64 is connected between one side of the other end of the combustion air injection nozzle 63 and one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body 10 and at least two of them are provided to be adjustable in length, And serves to fix the injection nozzle 63. [

Although the angle fixing wire 64 is shown to be installed on the left and right sides of the combustion air injection nozzle 63 in the present embodiment, the angle fixing wire 64 is also installed above and below the combustion air injection nozzle 63 .

The cooling air injection means 65 is provided at one side of the inner surface of the protective tube 61 and serves to cool the combustion air injection nozzle 63 by injecting air into one end of the protective tube 61.

The high-pressure flexible hose 66 is provided between the other end of the combustion air injection nozzle 63 and the combustion air supply duct (not shown) and provides a supply path for the combustion air supplied to the combustion air injection nozzle and is formed of a flexible material So that the combustion air injection nozzle 63 can rotate in multiple directions through the rotation sealing member 62.

In the present embodiment, four combustion air spraying portions 60 are provided inside the combustion furnace body 10, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The number of the combustion air spraying portions 60 may be varied depending on the capacity of the furnace body 10 It is natural that it can be added or subtracted.

As described above, the combustion air spraying portion 60 of the present invention is capable of adjusting the angle of the combustion air spraying nozzle 63 in multiple directions by the rotation sealing member 62, Can be set to an angle at which a swirling flow optimized for complete combustion is formed, so that the combustion efficiency can be remarkably improved.

In the meantime, the combustion air spraying part 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed by forming the angle fixing wire 64 from elastic material, and forming a spiral groove (not shown) along the longitudinal direction on the inner circumferential surface of the protective tube 61 ) Can be further formed.

When air is injected into the protective tube 61 through the cooling air injecting unit 65, the injected air moves along the spiral groove (not shown) to form a swirling flow. The combustion air injection nozzle 63 connected to the angle fixing wire 64 of an elastic material by the swirling flow can be turned in multiple directions.

Thus, the combustion air injected through the combustion air injection nozzle 63 can be more uniformly diffused and injected into the combustion furnace body 10, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

Further, since the air injected into the protective tube body through the cooling air injection means 65 forms a swirling flow, the contact time with the outer surface of the combustion air injection nozzle 63 increases, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

4 is a schematic view showing an air flow of a fuel injecting portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the flow of air flowing into the fuel inlet 50 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 1, which is capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air according to the embodiment of the present invention, The air introduced into the interior of the cooling chamber 52 through the air circulation passage 53 circulates through the space 52a inside the cooling chamber 52 partitioned by the air circulation plate 55.

At this time, the air circulating in the space portion 52a in the cooling chamber 52 comes into contact with the outer surface of the fuel inlet pipe 51 to cool the outer circumferential surface of the fuel inlet pipe 51.

This prevents the fuel injection pipe 51 from being overheated due to the internal temperature of the combustion furnace body 10, thereby preventing the fuel injection pipe 51 from being damaged by being exposed to excessive heat.

The air circulated in the space 52a inside the cooling chamber 52 flows into the fuel diffusion nozzle 54 and the air introduced into the fuel diffusion nozzle is injected into the fuel injection pipe 51, The solid and solid fuel injected into the combustion furnace body 51 is diffused into the combustion furnace body 10.

Thus, the solid fuel injected through the fuel inlet pipe 51 is uniformly distributed within the combustion furnace body 10, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

5 is a schematic view showing a state in which a swirling flow is formed in a fluidized bed combustion furnace due to a combustion air injection portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5, a fluidized bed combustion furnace 1 capable of precisely controlling fluidized air and combustion air according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion air injection nozzle 63 of a combustion air injection part 60 at various angles It is possible to form a swirling flow optimized for complete combustion in the combustion furnace body 10 by setting the combustion air injection nozzle 63 at an angle that forms a swirling flow optimized for complete combustion, The combustion efficiency of the unburned components combusted in the main body 10 can be remarkably improved.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, it is possible to make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims will include all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the invention.

1: Fluidized bed combustion furnace capable of precise control of fluidized air and combustion air
10: combustion furnace body 11: fluidized bed
12: combustion burner 20: fluidized-
21: manifold folder 21a: distribution pipe
22: fluidizing nozzle 23: fluidized air supply duct
30: temperature sensor 40: fluidized-
41: external air supply line 41a: first degree control valve
42: clean flue gas supply line 42a: second degree control valve
43: mixing chamber 44: blowing means
44a: blower 44b: inverter motor
45: Control means 50:
51: fuel inlet pipe 52: cooling chamber
52a: space portion 53: cooling air injection nozzle
54: fuel diffusion nozzle 55: air circulation plate
60: combustion air spraying part 61: protective tube
62: rotation sealing member 63: combustion air injection nozzle
64: angle fixing wire 65: cooling air injection means
66: High pressure flexible hose 70: Air flow sensor
80: oxygen concentration sensor

Claims (6)

A combustion furnace body in which a fluidized bed having a fluid medium stacked therein is formed and a combustion burner is installed on an inner surface of the combustion furnace;
A fluidized-air injecting unit installed at one side of the inside of the combustion furnace main body and injecting fluidized air for fluidizing the fluidized medium;
At least one temperature sensor installed at another side of the inside of the furnace body for measuring a temperature of the fluidized bed;
And a fluidized air supply unit provided outside the combustion furnace body for supplying fluidized air to the fluidized-air injection unit,
The fluidized-
An external air supply line provided with a first degree-of-regulation valve for gradually adjusting the amount of external air supplied to one side thereof;
A clean exhaust gas supply line in which a clean exhaust gas having a lower oxygen concentration than that of the outside air is supplied to the exhaust gas purifying body and the second exhaust gas purifying exhaust valve is provided on one side of the clean exhaust gas supply line;
A mixing chamber for mixing the external air supplied from the external air supply line and the clean exhaust gas supplied from the clean exhaust gas supply line to generate fluidized air;
A blowing means for feeding the fluidized air generated in the mixing chamber to the fluidized air spraying unit;
And control means for controlling the amount of opening of the first opening degree control valve and the second opening degree control valve,
Wherein when the control means determines that the temperature of the fluidized bed measured by the temperature sensor is in an emergency mode in which the temperature of the fluidized bed is out of a predetermined temperature range of the fluidized bed, the control means controls the first opening degree control valve and the second opening degree control valve, And the temperature of the fluidized bed is maintained at a predetermined temperature range by controlling the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air by controlling the amount of the fluidized bed,
Further comprising at least one fuel injecting unit installed at one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body and injecting solid fuel into the furnace body,
The fuel injector
A fuel injection pipe having one end connected to one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body and the other end inclined upward toward the outer side of the combustion furnace body and providing a path for injecting solid fuel and solid fuel;
A cooling chamber in which an airtight space portion is formed in the inside and a part of the fuel injection pipe is accommodated in the space portion;
A cooling air injection nozzle installed at one side of the outer surface of the cooling chamber and injecting air into the cooling chamber;
A fuel diffusion nozzle installed at one side of the outer surface of the fuel injection pipe and injecting air introduced into the cooling chamber into the fuel injection pipe;
And an air circulation plate installed at one side of the inside of the cooling chamber to partition the space and to allow the air introduced into the cooling chamber through the cooling air injection nozzle to circulate through the partitioned space and to flow into the fuel diffusion nozzle Wherein the fluidized-bed combustion furnace is capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air. The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising an oxygen concentration sensor installed at one side of the fluidized-air injection part,
Wherein the control means controls the first degree of opening control based on the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air measured by the oxygen concentration sensor when it is determined that the temperature of the fluidized bed measured by the temperature sensor is within the predetermined temperature range of the fluidized bed, Wherein the fluidized-bed combustion furnace is configured to maintain the oxygen concentration of the fluidized air at a predetermined oxygen concentration through a gradual opening amount adjustment in mutually opposite directions of the valve and the second opening degree control valve. . delete The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising at least one combustion air injection portion for injecting combustion air into the combustion furnace body,
The combustion air injection unit
A protective tube member penetratingly connected to one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body and having one end disposed inside the combustion furnace body and the other end disposed outside the combustion furnace main body;
A rotation sealing member installed at one side of the other end of the protective tube body to seal the tube diameter of the protective tube body and to be rotatable in multiple directions;
A combustion air injection nozzle penetratingly connected to one side of the rotation sealing member and having one end disposed at one end of the protective tube to inject combustion air into the combustion furnace body;
A high pressure flexible hose connecting the other end of the combustion air injection nozzle and the combustion air supply duct;
And at least two angle fixing wires connecting the one end of the other end of the combustion air injection nozzle and one side of the outer surface of the combustion furnace body and being adjustable in length, and a fluidized bed capable of precisely controlling the fluidized air and the combustion air Combustion furnace. 5. The method of claim 4,
The combustion air injection unit
Wherein the angle fixing wire is formed of an elastic material,
And a spiral groove is further formed along the longitudinal direction on the inner circumferential surface of the protective tube body so as to precisely control the fluidized air and the combustion air. 6. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 5,
The combustion air injection unit
Further comprising cooling air injecting means provided at one side of the inner surface of the protective tube for cooling the combustion air injection nozzle by injecting air into one end of the protective tube body. .
KR1020150106495A 2015-07-28 2015-07-28 Fluidized bed combustor for precise control of fluidizing air KR101580085B1 (en)

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KR20180068459A (en) 2016-12-14 2018-06-22 주식회사 포스코 Solid Fuel Combustion Device
KR20210091617A (en) 2020-01-14 2021-07-22 한국전력공사 Automatic Calculation System and Method for Combustion reaction gas Distribution Diagram Plot of Fluidized Bed Boiler
KR20220138231A (en) * 2021-04-05 2022-10-12 김민규 Intersection without traffic lights

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JP2012215307A (en) * 2011-03-31 2012-11-08 Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd Fluidized bed furnace
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KR20180068459A (en) 2016-12-14 2018-06-22 주식회사 포스코 Solid Fuel Combustion Device
KR20210091617A (en) 2020-01-14 2021-07-22 한국전력공사 Automatic Calculation System and Method for Combustion reaction gas Distribution Diagram Plot of Fluidized Bed Boiler
KR20220138231A (en) * 2021-04-05 2022-10-12 김민규 Intersection without traffic lights
KR102489840B1 (en) * 2021-04-05 2023-01-17 김민규 Intersection without traffic lights

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