KR101562050B1 - Composition for diagnosing psoriasis - Google Patents
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Abstract
본 발명은 건선 특이적 메틸화 경향을 보이는 유전자 프로모터의 메틸화 수준 검출에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위한 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법 및 상기 메틸화 수준을 측정할 수 있는 제제를 포함하는 건선진단용 조성물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 방법 및 조성물은 건선 피부 질환의 진단에 있어 유전학적 정보를 제공할 수 있어 건선 진단에 효과적이다.More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for detecting methylation of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome to provide information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, and a method for detecting the methylation level of the gene promoter The present invention relates to a composition for the diagnosis of psoriasis. The methods and compositions of the present invention are useful in the diagnosis of psoriasis because they can provide genetic information in the diagnosis of psoriasis skin disease.
Description
본 발명은 건선 특이적 메틸화 경향을 보이는 유전자 프로모터의 메틸화 수준 검출에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위한 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법 및 상기 메틸화 수준을 측정할 수 있는 제제를 포함하는 건선진단용 조성물에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to the detection of the methylation level of a gene promoter showing a tendency for psoriasis-specific methylation, and more particularly, a method of detecting methylation of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome to provide information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, and measuring the methylation level. It relates to a composition for diagnosis of psoriasis comprising an agent capable of.
DNA 메틸화(DNA Methylation)는 유전자 발현의 조절기작 중의 하나로 DNA 염기서열을 Methyl기로 치환시켜서 DNA의 반응성을 낮추고 안정성을 높여서 유전자 발현을 억제하는 기작 중 하나이다. DNA는 처음 복제되었을 때에는 Methylation이 되어있지 않지만 복제 후에는 Methylation이 된다. DNA 메틸화는 DNA서열의 변동 없이 유전자의 불활성화를 초래하는 것으로 점 돌연변이, 유전자 결손 등의 유전자적 변화와 구분하여 후성학적 변화로 분류된다. DNA methylation is one of the mechanisms for regulating gene expression. It is one of the mechanisms for suppressing gene expression by lowering the reactivity and increasing stability of DNA by substituting the DNA sequence with methyl group. DNA is not methylated when it is first replicated, but it is methylated after replication. DNA methylation causes inactivation of a gene without a change in the DNA sequence, and is classified as an epigenetic change, distinguishing it from genetic changes such as point mutations and gene deletions.
최근 DNA 메틸화 측정을 통하여 암을 진단하는 방법들이 제시되고 있는데, DNA 메틸화는 주로 특정 유전자의 프로모터 부위의 CpG 섬(CpG island)의 시토신(cytosine)에서 일어나고, 그로 인하여 전사 인자의 결합이 방해를 받게 되어 특정 유전자의 전사가 차단되는 것으로서, 종양 억제 유전자의 프로모터 CpG 섬의 메틸화를 검색하는 것이 암 연구에 큰 도움이 되며, 이를 메틸화 특이 PCR(methylation specific PCR, 이하, "MSP"라고 함)이나 자동 염기 분석 등의 방법으로 검사하여 암의 진단과 스크리닝 등에 이용하려는 시도가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다.Recently, methods for diagnosing cancer through DNA methylation measurement have been proposed, and DNA methylation occurs mainly in the cytosine of CpG island at the promoter region of a specific gene, and thereby the binding of transcription factors is disturbed. As a result, the transcription of a specific gene is blocked. Searching the methylation of the promoter CpG island of the tumor suppressor gene is of great help in cancer research. Attempts to be used for diagnosis and screening of cancer by testing by methods such as base analysis have been actively made.
이는 프로모터 CpG 섬의 메틸화가 발암을 직접 유발하는지, 또는 발암에 2차적인 변화인지에 대한 논란이 있으나, 여러 암에서 종양 억제 유전자(tumor suppressor gene), DNA 수선 유전자(DNA repair gene), 세포 주기 조절 유전자 등이 과메틸화(hyper-methylation)되어 있어 이들 유전자의 발현이 차단되어 있다는 것이 확인되었으며, 특히 암 발생의 초기 단계에서 특정 유전자의 프로모터 부위에 과메틸화가 일어난다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 따라서, 종양관련 유전자의 프로모터 메틸화가 암의 중요한 지표로 인식되어, 실제 혈액이나 객담, 침, 대변, 소변 등에서 종양 관련 유전자의 프로모터 메틸화를 조사하여 각종 암 진료에 사용하려는 시도가 최근 활발하게 이루어지고 있다(Esteller, M. et al., Cancer Res., 59:67, 1999; Sanchez-Cespedez, M. et al., Cancer Res., 60:892, 2000; Ahlquist, D.A. et al., Gastroenterol., 119:1219, 2000). 그러나 다른 질환과 관련된 유전자의 프로모터 메틸화는 거의 연구되지 아니한 실정이며 특히 건선 환자에서 특이적으로 메틸레이션이 나타나는 유전자 프로모터 또는 이의 응용연구는 이루어진 바가 없다.
This is controversial as to whether methylation of the promoter CpG island directly induces carcinogenesis or whether it is a secondary change in carcinogenesis, but in many cancers, a tumor suppressor gene, a DNA repair gene, and a cell cycle It was confirmed that the expression of these genes was blocked due to hyper-methylation of regulatory genes and the like, and it was found that hypermethylation occurs at the promoter region of a specific gene, especially in the early stages of cancer development. Therefore, promoter methylation of tumor-related genes is recognized as an important indicator of cancer, and attempts to be used in various cancer treatments by investigating the promoter methylation of tumor-related genes in actual blood, sputum, saliva, feces, and urine have recently been actively made. (Esteller, M. et al., Cancer Res., 59:67, 1999; Sanchez-Cespedez, M. et al., Cancer Res., 60:892, 2000; Ahlquist, DA et al., Gastroenterol., 119:1219, 2000). However, the methylation of promoters of genes related to other diseases has not been studied. In particular, no studies have been conducted on gene promoters that specifically exhibit methylation in psoriasis patients or their application.
건선(Psoriasis)은 피부에서 일어나는 만성 염증성 질병 중 하나로 두껍고 비늘 같은 각층이 생기는 것으로 특징을 갖고 있다. 건선의 병인은 아직 명확히 규명되지 않았으나, 다양한 증거들에 의해 활성화된 T 세포로부터 방출된 사이토카인(cytokines)이 케라티노사이트(keratinocytes)의 증식을 증진시키는, T-세포 매개된 염증성 질환인 것으로 보고 있다(Prinz, J.C. 등, 1997 및 Chang, J.C.C. 등, 1994). Psoriasis is one of the chronic inflammatory diseases that occur in the skin and is characterized by the formation of thick, scaly stratum corneum. The etiology of psoriasis has not been clearly elucidated, but various evidences suggest that cytokines released from activated T cells are T-cell mediated inflammatory diseases that promote the proliferation of keratinocytes. (Prinz, JC et al., 1997 and Chang, JCC et al., 1994).
또한 건선의 발생에 유전적 요인이 관련되어 있음이 연구결과 밝혀져 있다. 환자의 약 1/3에서 가족력을 보이며, 일란성 쌍둥이에서 건선이 함께 발생할 확률이 이란성 쌍둥이에 비해 3배 이상 높다. 또한 가족 내에서 건선이 발생할 확률도 관련도(relatedness)와 비례한다는 점도 이를 뒷받침 하고 있다(Wuepper et al., J. Invest. Dermatol., 95: 2S-4S 1990).In addition, studies have shown that genetic factors are involved in the occurrence of psoriasis. About a third of patients have a family history, and identical twins are more than three times more likely to develop psoriasis than fraternal twins. It is also supported that the probability of developing psoriasis within the family is also proportional to the relatedness (Wuepper et al., J. Invest. Dermatol., 95: 2S-4S 1990).
현재 건선의 치료는 증상을 일시적으로 완화시키는 연고나 또는 지속적 피부 관리를 유도하는 처방 등으로 사실상 근본적으로 치료는 시행되지 않고 있다. 스테로이드를 비롯한 건선 피부질환 치료제의 부작용을 고려하면, 이 질병들을 부작용 없이 근본적으로 치료할 수 있는 방법의 개발이 필요하며, 이를 위한 유전학적 표적 및 진단 방법의 개발이 필요하다.
Currently, the treatment of psoriasis is an ointment that temporarily relieves symptoms or a prescription that induces continuous skin care, and there is no fundamental treatment in practice. Considering the side effects of treatments for psoriasis skin diseases, including steroids, it is necessary to develop a method that can fundamentally treat these diseases without side effects, and genetic targets and diagnostic methods for this need to be developed.
이에 본 발명자들은 건선 진단의 새로운 방법에 관하여 연구한 결과, X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터들의 메틸화 수준이 건선환자가 정상인 대조군에 비하여 현저히 높은 것을 확인하여 본 발명을 완성하였다.
Accordingly, as a result of researching a new method of diagnosis of psoriasis, the present inventors completed the present invention by confirming that the methylation level of the promoters of the gene located on the X chromosome was significantly higher than that of the control group in which psoriasis patients were normal.
따라서 본 발명의 목적은 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 (a) 대상 시료로부터 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 단계; 및 (b) 상기 프로모터의 메틸화 정도를 정상 대조구 시료의 동일 프로모터의 메틸화 수준과 비교하는 단계를 포함하는 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법을 제공하는 것이다.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis by (a) measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome from a target sample; And (b) comparing the methylation level of the promoter with the methylation level of the same promoter in the normal control sample.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 건선 진단용 조성물을 제공하는 것이다.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition for diagnosing psoriasis comprising an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 건선 진단용 키트를 제공하는 것이다.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kit for diagnosing psoriasis comprising an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 (a) 대상 시료로부터 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 단계; 및 (b) 상기 프로모터의 메틸화 정도를 정상 대조구 시료의 동일 프로모터의 메틸화 수준과 비교하는 단계를 포함하는 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법을 제공한다.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, comprising the steps of: (a) measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome from a target sample; And (b) comparing the methylation level of the promoter with the methylation level of the same promoter in the normal control sample.
본 발명의 다른 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 건선 진단용 조성물을 제공한다.
In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a composition for diagnosing psoriasis comprising an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
본 발명의 다른 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 건선 진단용 키트를 제공한다.
In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a kit for diagnosing psoriasis comprising an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
이하 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명은 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위하여 (a) 대상 시료로부터 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 단계; 및 (b) 상기 프로모터의 메틸화 정도를 정상 대조구 시료의 동일 프로모터의 메틸화 수준과 비교하는 단계를 포함하는 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법을 제공한다.
In order to provide information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, the present invention comprises the steps of: (a) measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome from a target sample; And (b) comparing the methylation level of the promoter with the methylation level of the same promoter in the normal control sample.
유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화는 DNA 서열의 변동 없이 유전자의 불활성화를 초래하는 것으로 점 돌연변이, 유전자 결손 등의 유전자적 변화와 구분하여 후성학적 변화로 분류된다. 메틸화 수준의 변화는 과메틸화(hypermethylation), 과소메틸화(hypomethylation)을 모두 포함하는 것이다. 메틸화 수준의 변화는 주로 암과 관련하여 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 건선과 관련된 메틸화 수준의 변화 측정에 관하여는 알려진 바가 없다.
Methylation of a promoter of a gene causes inactivation of a gene without a change in the DNA sequence, and is classified as an epigenetic change, distinguishing it from genetic changes such as point mutations and gene deletions. Changes in methylation levels include both hypermethylation and hypomethylation. The change in methylation level is mainly studied in relation to cancer, and there is no known information about the measurement of the change in methylation level related to psoriasis.
진단은 병리 상태의 존재 또는 특징을 확인하는 것을 말하며, 본 발명의 진단은 건선의 발병여부를 확인하는 것을 말한다.Diagnosis refers to confirming the presence or characteristics of a pathological condition, and diagnosis of the present invention refers to confirming the onset of psoriasis.
상기 대상 시료는 측정대상의 유전자를 분리할 수 있는 시료는 어떤 것이든 가능하며, 상기 대상 시료는 바람직하게는 건선 의심 환자 또는 진단 대상 유래의 조직, 세포, 혈액 및 소변으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것일 수 있다.The target sample may be any sample capable of separating the gene of the measurement target, and the target sample is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of tissues, cells, blood, and urine derived from a suspected psoriasis patient or a diagnosis target. Can be.
상기 세포는 측정대상의 유전자를 분리할 수 있는 세포면 어떤 것이나 가능하나, 바람직하게는 미접촉 T 세포(naive T cell) 일 수 있다.
The cell may be any cell capable of separating the gene to be measured, but may preferably be a naive T cell.
상기 메틸화 수준 측정은 공지의 핵산의 메틸화 수준 측정 방법에 의할 수 있으며, 예를 들어, MIRA(methylated-CpG island recovery assay), PCR, 메틸화 특이 PCR(methylation specific PCR), 실시간 메틸화 특이 PCR(real time methylation specific PCR), 메틸화 DNA 특이적 결합 단백질을 이용한 PCR, 정량 PCR, 파이로시퀀싱 및 바이설파이트 시퀀싱으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 방법일 수 있으며, 바람직하게는 MIRA(methylated-CpG island recovery assay)일 수 있다.
The methylation level measurement may be performed by a known method for measuring the methylation level of nucleic acids, for example, MIRA (methylated-CpG island recovery assay), PCR, methylation specific PCR, and real-time methylation specific PCR. time methylation specific PCR), PCR using a methylated DNA-specific binding protein, quantitative PCR, pyrosequencing, and bisulfite sequencing, and may be one or more methods selected from the group consisting of, preferably MIRA (methylated-CpG island recovery assay). ) Can be.
건선환자의 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 평균 메틸화 수준은 정상 대조군에 비하여 특이적으로 높으며, 이러한 점은 본 발명에서 최초로 공개되는 것이다.
The average methylation level of the promoter of the gene located on the X chromosome of psoriasis patients is specifically higher than that of the normal control group, and this point is disclosed for the first time in the present invention.
본 발명의 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자는 바람직하게는 LOC339822(GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6(GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50(GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1(GenBank Accession No. NM_000033), EMD(GenBank Accession No. NM_000117), HPRT1(GenBank Accession No. NM_000194), PHKA2(GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD(GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1(GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39(GenBank Accession No. NM_001000), MAP3K15(GenBank Accession No. NM_001001671), ZDHHC9(GenBank Accession No. NM_001008222), KIAA2022(GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001011657), NHSL2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001013627), DCAF12L2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), CXorf40B(GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21(GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001024455), LONRF3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001031855), SCML1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540), PRPS2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001039091), GPRASP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001099411), MAGIX(GenBank Accession No. NM_001099680), ANKRD58(GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK(GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001127197), CLCN5(GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B(GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK(GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740), NDUFB11(GenBank Accession No. NM_001135998), OTUD5(GenBank Accession No. NM_001136157), BCAP31(GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441), PDK3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG(GenBank Accession No. NM_001145255), FHL1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104B(GenBank Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorf58(GenBank Accession No. NM_001169574), MBNL3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001170704), SRPX(GenBank Accession No. NM_001170750), CXorf40A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908), TMEM185A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MAMLD1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184745), SLITRK4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), PHF8(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184898), MSL3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001193270), RBM10(GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9(GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001493), IL13RA1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001560), IRAK1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001569), SHROOM2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1(GenBank Accession No. NM_003173), ZIC3(GenBank Accession No. NM_003413), IRS4(GenBank Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13(GenBank Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G(GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1(GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3(GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A(GenBank Accession No. NM_004794), HMGB3(GenBank Accession No. NM_005342), SOX3(GenBank Accession No. NM_005634), PQBP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10(GenBank Accession No. NM_006013), HDAC6(GenBank Accession No. NM_006044), PRICKLE3(GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4(GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2(GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3(GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3(GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A(GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45(GenBank Accession No. NM_007075), ZNF41(GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1(GenBank Accession No. NM_012280), PNMA3(GenBank Accession No. NM_013364), UBL4A(GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6(GenBank Accession No. NM_014496), HTATSF1(GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16(GenBank Accession No. NM_014735), FAM155B(GenBank Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3(GenBank Accession No. NM_015691), APLN(GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3(GenBank Accession No. NM_017514), NUDT11(GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ(GenBank Accession No. NM_018558), SLC10A3(GenBank Accession No. NM_019848), PCDH19(GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3(GenBank Accession No. NM_020922), XK(GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A(GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47(GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L2(GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4(GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7(GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2(GenBank Accession No. NM_053281), SYN1(GenBank Accession No. NM_133499), DOCK11(GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B(GenBank Accession No. NM_152424), KLHL34(GenBank Accession No. NM_153270), PTCHD1(GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1(GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBE2A(GenBank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086(GenBank Accession No. NR_024359), LINC00087(GenBank Accession No. NR_024493), APOO(GenBank Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572(GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228(GenBank Accession No. NR_027456), LOC100303728(GenBank Accession No. NR_028443), MIR718(GenBank Accession No. NR_031757), RAI2(GenBank Accession No. NR_033348), SCML2(GenBank Accession No. NR_033717), LOC100129662(GenBank Accession No. NR_038405), 및 LOC100506757(GenBank Accession No. NR_038998)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 유전자 일 수 있다.
Genes located on the X chromosome of the present invention are preferably LOC339822 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000033), EMD ( GenBank Accession No. NM_000117), HPRT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000194), PHKA2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475) ), MAP3K15 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001001671), ZDHHC9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008222), KIAA2022 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. Accession No. NM_001013627), DCAF12L2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), CXorf40B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4 (GenBank Accession No.18RF55 (GenBank Accession No.18 NM_001024455), LON , SCML1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540), PRPS2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001039 091), GPRASP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001099411), MAGIX (GenBank Accession No. NM_001099680), ANKRD58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4 (GenBank Accession No. GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740), NDUFB11 (GenBank Accession No. ), BCAP31 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441), PDK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG (GenBank Accession No. NM_001145255), FHL1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104 Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorf58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001_170704), MBNL3ank Accession No. NM_001_169574), MBNL , SRPX (GenBank Accession No. NM_00 1170750), CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908), TMEM185A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MAMLD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184745), SLITRK No. GenBank Accession No. NM_001193270), RBM10 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001493560), IL13RA1493560 ), IRAK1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001569), SHROOM2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003173), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413) Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G (GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A (GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A. , HMGB3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005342), SOX3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005 634), PQBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006013), HDAC6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006044), PRICKLE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3517 GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A (GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007075), ZNF41 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130). ), PNMA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_013364), UBL4A (GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014496), HTATSF1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16 (GenBank Accession No. Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_015691), APLN (GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_017514), NUDT11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ (GenBank Accession No. NM_018558). , SLC10A3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_019848), PCDH19 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3 (GenBank Ac cession No. NM_020922), XK (GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A (GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4 GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7 (GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_053281), SYN1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_133499), DOCK11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B (GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B (GenBank Accession NM_152424) ), KLHL34 (GenBank Accession No. NM_153270), PTCHD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBE2A (GenBank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086 (GenBank Accession No. NR00087) LINC00086 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024343) Accession No. NR_024493), APOO (GenBank Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228 (GenBank Accession No. NR_027456), LOC100303728 (GenBank Accession No. NR_028317), MIR718 (GenBank Accession No. NR_028317443), MIR718. , RAI2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033348), SCML2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033 717), LOC100129662 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038405), and LOC100506757 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038998).
더욱 바람직하게는 본 발명의 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자는 SLITRK4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), EMD(GenBank Accession No. NM_000117), ZIC3(GenBank Accession No. NM_003413) 및 CXorf40A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 유전자 일 수 있다.
More preferably, the gene located on the X chromosome of the present invention consists of SLITRK4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), EMD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000117), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413) and CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908). It may be one or more genes selected from the group.
상기 기재된 유전자들은 모두 X염색체 상에 존재하며, 이들의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준은 건선환자가 정상인에 비하여 4배 이상 높은 특징이 있다. 상기 유전자 프로모터의 이와 같은 특징은 본 발명에서 최초로 공개되는 것이다.
All of the genes described above are present on the X chromosome, and the level of methylation of their promoters is 4 times higher than that of a normal person in psoriasis patients. This characteristic of the gene promoter is disclosed for the first time in the present invention.
본 발명의 일실시예에서는 건선 환자 및 정상인의 혈액에서 Naive CD4+ cell을 분리한 후, 이의 genomic DNA를 분리하여 모든 염색체의 프로모터 및 gene body의 메틸화 수준을 측정하였다. 그 결과 건선 환자의 경우 X 염색체 상의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준이 정상인에 비하여 특이적으로 높은 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 건선과 같은 T cell 관련 피부질환인 아토피 환자의 경우에는 이러한 X 염색체 상의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준 변화가 나타나지 아니한 것을 확인하여, 상기 변화는 건선 특이적 변화임을 확인하였다(도 2 참조).
In one embodiment of the present invention, Naive CD4+ cells were isolated from the blood of psoriasis patients and normal people, and then genomic DNA thereof was isolated to measure methylation levels of promoters and gene bodies of all chromosomes. As a result, it was confirmed that in the case of psoriasis patients, the methylation level of the promoter on the X chromosome was specifically higher than that of the normal person. In addition, in the case of atopic patients, which are T cell-related skin diseases such as psoriasis, it was confirmed that the methylation level of the promoter on the X chromosome did not change, and the change was confirmed to be a psoriasis-specific change (see FIG. 2).
본 발명의 다른 일실시예에서는 정상인 및 건선 환자의 X 염색체 상의 유전자 별 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정, 비교하였다. 그 결과 메틸화에 변화를 보인 124개의 유전자 중, X 염색체에 위치한 유전자 121개의 과메틸화 정도가 특히 높아 정상인에 비하여 4배 이상 프로모터 과메틸화가 나타남을 확인하였다(표 2 참조).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the methylation level of a gene-specific promoter on the X chromosome of a normal person and a patient with psoriasis was measured and compared. As a result, it was confirmed that among the 124 genes that showed a change in methylation, the degree of hypermethylation of 121 genes located on the X chromosome was particularly high, and promoter hypermethylation was more than four times higher than that of a normal person (see Table 2).
본 발명의 다른 일실시예에서는 염색체상에서 면역시스템 관련 유전자들을 분리하여 메틸화 수준을 측정하였다. 그 결과 X 크로모좀에 위치한 면역시스템관련 유전자들(빨간색으로 표시)이 과메틸화되어있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다(도 3 참조).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the level of methylation was measured by separating genes related to the immune system on the chromosome. As a result, it could be confirmed that the genes related to the immune system (marked in red) located in the X chromosome were hypermethylated (see FIG. 3).
이와 같이 건선환자의 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 평균 메틸화 수준은 정상 대조군에 비하여 특이적으로 높으며, 특히 일부 유전자의 프로모터는 메틸화 수준이 건선환자가 월등히 높아, 건선 진단용 마커로 활용이 가능하다. 이러한 점은 본 발명에서 최초로 공개되는 것이다.
As described above, the average methylation level of the promoter of the gene located on the X chromosome of the psoriasis patient is specifically higher than that of the normal control group, and the methylation level of the promoter of some genes is significantly higher in the psoriasis patient, so it can be used as a diagnostic marker for psoriasis. This point is disclosed for the first time in the present invention.
따라서, 본 발명은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 건선 진단용 조성물을 제공한다.Accordingly, the present invention provides a composition for diagnosing psoriasis comprising an agent measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
본 발명의 조성물은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The composition of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
상기 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자는 전술한 바와 같다.The gene located on the X chromosome is as described above.
상기 제제는 X 염색체에 위치한 전체 또는 개별 유전자의 프로모터 메틸화 수준을 공지의 핵산의 메틸화 수준 측정 방법, 예를 들어, Solexa sequencing, MIRA(methylated-CpG island recovery assay), PCR, 메틸화 특이 PCR(methylation specific PCR), 실시간 메틸화 특이 PCR(real time methylation specific PCR), 메틸화 DNA 특이적 결합 단백질을 이용한 PCR, 정량 PCR, 파이로시퀀싱 및 바이설파이트 시퀀싱으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 방법에 사용되는 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터에 특이적인 물질일 수 있으며, 상기 프로모터에 특이적인 물질은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터에 특이적인 프라이머, 바람직하게는 MSP(methylation specific PCR) 프라이머 일 수 있다.
The preparation is a method for measuring the methylation level of a known nucleic acid, for example, Solexa sequencing, methylated-CpG island recovery assay (MIRA), PCR, methylation specific PCR (methylation specific) by measuring the methylation level of the promoter of all or individual genes located on the X chromosome. PCR), real time methylation specific PCR, PCR using methylated DNA-specific binding protein, quantitative PCR, pyrosequencing, and bisulfite sequencing. A substance specific to the promoter of the gene located may be a substance specific to the promoter, and the substance specific to the promoter may be a primer specific to the promoter of the gene located on the X chromosome, preferably, a methylation specific PCR (MSP) primer.
상기 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터에 특이적인 프라이머는 바람직하게는 LOC339822(GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6(GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50(GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1(GenBank Accession No. NM_000033), EMD(GenBank Accession No. NM_000117), HPRT1(GenBank Accession No. NM_000194), PHKA2(GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD(GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1(GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39(GenBank Accession No. NM_001000), MAP3K15(GenBank Accession No. NM_001001671), ZDHHC9(GenBank Accession No. NM_001008222), KIAA2022(GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001011657), NHSL2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001013627), DCAF12L2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), CXorf40B(GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21(GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001024455), LONRF3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001031855), SCML1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540), PRPS2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001039091), GPRASP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001099411), MAGIX(GenBank Accession No. NM_001099680), ANKRD58(GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK(GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001127197), CLCN5(GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B(GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK(GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740), NDUFB11(GenBank Accession No. NM_001135998), OTUD5(GenBank Accession No. NM_001136157), BCAP31(GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441), PDK3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG(GenBank Accession No. NM_001145255), FHL1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104B(GenBank Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorf58(GenBank Accession No. NM_001169574), MBNL3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001170704), SRPX(GenBank Accession No. NM_001170750), CXorf40A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908), TMEM185A(GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MAMLD1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184745), SLITRK4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), PHF8(GenBank Accession No. NM_001184898), MSL3(GenBank Accession No. NM_001193270), RBM10(GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9(GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4(GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001493), IL13RA1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001560), IRAK1(GenBank Accession No. NM_001569), SHROOM2(GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1(GenBank Accession No. NM_003173), ZIC3(GenBank Accession No. NM_003413), IRS4(GenBank Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13(GenBank Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G(GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1(GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3(GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A(GenBank Accession No. NM_004794), HMGB3(GenBank Accession No. NM_005342), SOX3(GenBank Accession No. NM_005634), PQBP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10(GenBank Accession No. NM_006013), HDAC6(GenBank Accession No. NM_006044), PRICKLE3(GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4(GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2(GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3(GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3(GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A(GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45(GenBank Accession No. NM_007075), ZNF41(GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1(GenBank Accession No. NM_012280), PNMA3(GenBank Accession No. NM_013364), UBL4A(GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6(GenBank Accession No. NM_014496), HTATSF1(GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16(GenBank Accession No. NM_014735), FAM155B(GenBank Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3(GenBank Accession No. NM_015691), APLN(GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3(GenBank Accession No. NM_017514), NUDT11(GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ(GenBank Accession No. NM_018558), SLC10A3(GenBank Accession No. NM_019848), PCDH19(GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3(GenBank Accession No. NM_020922), XK(GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A(GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47(GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L2(GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1(GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4(GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7(GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2(GenBank Accession No. NM_053281), SYN1(GenBank Accession No. NM_133499), DOCK11(GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B(GenBank Accession No. NM_152424), KLHL34(GenBank Accession No. NM_153270), PTCHD1(GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1(GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBE2A(GenBank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086(GenBank Accession No. NR_024359), LINC00087(GenBank Accession No. NR_024493), APOO(GenBank Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572(GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228(GenBank Accession No. NR_027456), LOC100303728(GenBank Accession No. NR_028443), MIR718(GenBank Accession No. NR_031757), RAI2(GenBank Accession No. NR_033348), SCML2(GenBank Accession No. NR_033717), LOC100129662(GenBank Accession No. NR_038405), 및 LOC100506757(GenBank Accession No. NR_038998)으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 유전자의 프로모터에 특이적인 프라이머 일 수 있으며, 바람직하게는 서열번호 1 내지 8로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 프라이머 일 수 있으며, 더욱 바람직하게는 SLITRK4에 대한 프라이머는 서열번호 1 및 2로 표시되는 프라이머 쌍, EMD에 대한 프라이머는 서열번호 3 및 4로 표시되는 프라이머 쌍, ZIC3에 대한 프라이머는 서열번호 5 및 6로 표시되는 프라이머 쌍, CXorf40A에 대한 프라이머는 서열번호 7 및 8로 표시되는 프라이머 쌍일 수 있다.
The primers specific for the promoter of the gene located on the X chromosome are preferably LOC339822 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000033) ), EMD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000117), HPRT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000194), PHKA2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), Accession No. NM_001000), MAP3K15 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001001671), ZDHHC9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008222), KIAA2022 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1 (GenBank Accession No. NMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. , NHSL2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013627), DCAF12L2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), CXorf40B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4 (GenBank Accession NM_001017980), RGAG4 (GenBank Accession No. No. NM_001031855), SCML1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540), PRPS2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001039091), GPRASP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001099411), MAGIX (GenBank Accession No. NM_001099680), ANKRD58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK (GenBank Accession No. GenBank Accession No. NM_001127197), CLCN5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740_001), NM_001135740_001, NBank ), OTUD5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001136157), BCAP31 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441), PDK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG (GenBank Accession No. NM_001255), FHL1145255 Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorfion. , MBNL3 (GenBank Accession No. NM _001170704), SRPX (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170750), CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908), TMEM185A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MAMLD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F (GenBank Accession No.TR. GenBank Accession No. NM_001184898), MSL3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001193270), RBM10 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI. ), IL13RA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001560), IRAK1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001569), SHROOM2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003173) Accession No. NM_003413), IRS4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G (GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3 (GenBank Accession No. 004586) , RAB33A (GenBank Accession No. NM_004794), HMGB3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005342), SOX3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005634), PQBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006013), HDAC6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006044), PRICKLE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4 (SSR4), SSR_006 GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A (GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45 (GenBank Accession No. ), ZNF41 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_012280), PNMA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_013364), UBL4A (GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014496) Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014735), FAM155B (GenBank Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_015691), APLN (GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3 (GenBank Accession No. , NUDT11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ (GenBank Accession No. NM_018558), SLC10A3 (GenBank Acc ession No. NM_019848), PCDH19 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020922), XK (GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A (GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L_031442 GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7 (GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_13349981), SYN1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_053281). ), DOCK11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B (GenBank Accession No. NM_152424), KLHL34 (GenBank Accession No. NM_153270), PTCHD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBEank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024359), LINC00087 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024493), APOO (GenBank Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742) , LOC100303728 (GenBank Accession No. NR_028443), MIR718 (GenBank Accession No. NR_03 1757), RAI2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033348), SCML2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033717), LOC100129662 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038405), and LOC100506757 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038998) may be specific primers for the promoter of one or more genes selected from the group consisting of, and preferably May be a primer selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 8, more preferably primers for SLITRK4 are primer pairs represented by SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2, and primers for EMD are primers represented by SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4 Pairs, primers for ZIC3 may be primer pairs represented by SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6, and primers for CXorf40A may be primer pairs represented by SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8.
상기 프라이머는 적절한 버퍼 중의 적절한 조건 (예를 들면, 4개의 다른 뉴클레오티드 트리포스페이트 및 DNA, RNA 폴리머라제 또는 역전사 효소와 같은 중합제) 및 적당한 온도 하에서 주형-지시 DNA 합성의 시작점으로서 작용할 수 있는 단일가닥 올리고뉴클레오티드를 말한다. 상기 프라이머의 적절한 길이는 사용 목적에 따라 달라질 수 있으나, 통상 15 내지 30 뉴클레오티드이다. 짧은 프라이머 분자는 일반적으로 주형과 안정한 혼성체를 형성하기 위해서는 더 낮은 온도를 필요로 한다. 프라이머 서열은 주형과 완전하게 상보적일 필요는 없으나, 주형과 혼성화 할 정도로 충분히 상보적이어야 한다.
The primers are single-stranded under suitable conditions in an appropriate buffer (e.g., 4 different nucleotide triphosphates and a polymerizing agent such as DNA, RNA polymerase or reverse transcriptase) and a suitable temperature to serve as a starting point for template-directed DNA synthesis. Refers to an oligonucleotide. The appropriate length of the primer may vary depending on the intended use, but is usually 15 to 30 nucleotides. Short primer molecules generally require a lower temperature to form a stable hybrid with the template. The primer sequence need not be completely complementary to the template, but must be sufficiently complementary to hybridize to the template.
본 발명의 일실시예에서는 건선환자에서 특이적 메틸화 경향을 보인 유전자들의 프라이머쌍을 이용하여 정상인과 건선환자의 메틸화를 비교하였다. 본 발명의 프라이머를 이용하여 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정한 결과 정상인에 비하여 건선환자군의 메틸화 수준이 월등히 높게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다(도 4 참조).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the methylation of a normal person and a psoriasis patient was compared using a primer pair of genes showing a specific methylation tendency in psoriasis patients. As a result of measuring the methylation level of the promoter of the gene located on the X chromosome using the primers of the present invention, it was confirmed that the methylation level of the psoriasis patient group was significantly higher than that of the normal person (see FIG. 4).
본 발명의 다른 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 건선 진단용 키트를 제공한다.In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention provides a kit for diagnosing psoriasis comprising an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome.
본 발명의 진단용 키트를 이용하면 건선 질환의 유전학적 진단이 가능하다. 본 발명의 키트는 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 제제(예를 들어 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정할 수 있는 프라이머 쌍)를 포함하며, 핵산의 메틸화 수준 분석에 사용되는 당 업계에 공지된 도구 또는 시약, 예를 들어, dNTP, 각 종의 중합효소 및 발색제 등을 추가로 포함할 수 있다.
Genetic diagnosis of psoriatic disease is possible by using the diagnostic kit of the present invention. The kit of the present invention includes an agent for measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome (for example, a primer pair capable of measuring the methylation level of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome), and analysis of the methylation level of nucleic acids Tools or reagents known in the art used for, for example, dNTP, polymerases of various kinds, and coloring agents may be further included.
이상 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명은 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위한 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법 및 상기 메틸화 수준을 측정할 수 있는 제제를 포함하는 건선진단용 조성물을 제공한다. 본 발명의 방법 및 조성물은 건선 피부 질환의 진단에 있어 유전학적 정보를 제공할 수 있어 건선 진단에 효과적이다.
As described above, the present invention provides a method for detecting methylation of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome to provide information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, and a composition for diagnosis of psoriasis comprising an agent capable of measuring the methylation level. The method and composition of the present invention is effective in diagnosing psoriasis because it can provide genetic information in the diagnosis of psoriatic skin disease.
도 1은 10 kb 단위로 분석된 건선과 아토피환자의 Genome-wide dMES 값을 비교한 그래프이다(dMES of Psoriasis : 건선환자와 정상인 간의 dMES 값, dMES of AD : 아토피 환자와 정상인 간의 dMES 값).
도 2는 건선과 아토피환자의 naive CD4+ T 세포를 정상군과 비교하여 각각의 promoter 와 genebody 의 dMES 값을 크로모좀별로 비교한 결과 그래프이다(P: 프로모터(Promoter), G: 진 바디(Gene body), Psoriasis: 건선환자, AD: 아토피 환자).
도 3은 건선과 아토피환자의 naive CD4+ T 세포를 정상군과 비교하여 각각의 promoter 와 genebody 의 dMES 값을 크로모좀별로 면역반응 관련유전자(빨간색)와 함께 비교한 결과 그래프이다(P: 프로모터(Promoter), G: 진 바디(Gene body), Psoriasis: 건선환자, AD: 아토피 환자).
도 4는 건선환자 및 정상인의 SLITRK4, EMD, ZIC3 및 CXorf40A 유전자 메틸화 수준을 측정하여 비교한 실험 결과 사진 및 그래프이다(Normal : 정상인, Psoriasis : 건선환자, Density(fold) : 정상인의 메틸화 수준을 1로 했을 때 나타낸 배수).1 is a graph comparing the Genome-wide dMES values of psoriasis and atopic patients analyzed in units of 10 kb (dMES of Psoriasis: dMES values between psoriasis patients and normal subjects, dMES of AD: dMES values between atopic patients and normal subjects).
2 is a graph showing a result of comparing the dMES values of each promoter and genebody by chromosome by comparing naive CD4+ T cells of psoriasis and atopic patients with normal groups (P: promoter, G: Gene body ), Psoriasis: psoriasis patient, AD: atopic patient).
3 is a graph showing the results of comparing the dMES values of each promoter and genebody with an immune response-related gene (red) for each chromosome by comparing naive CD4+ T cells of psoriasis and atopic patients with a normal group (P: Promoter ), G: Gene body, Psoriasis: psoriasis patient, AD: atopy patient).
Figure 4 is a photograph and graph of experimental results comparing the methylation levels of SLITRK4, EMD, ZIC3, and CXorf40A genes in psoriasis patients and normal people (Normal: normal people, Psoriasis: psoriasis patients, Density (fold): normal people's
이하 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
단, 하기 실시예는 본 발명을 예시하는 것일 뿐, 본 발명의 내용이 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.
However, the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples.
<< 실시예Example 1> 1>
말초 혈액의 Peripheral blood
NaiveNaive
CD4CD4
++
T 세포의 T cell
DNADNA
확보 secure
<1-1> 연구대상자 선정<1-1> Selection of research subjects
임상의의 기준에 따라 가족력이 있으며, 지난 2년간 치료를 받지 않은 15세 이상의 성인 중에서 판상(plaque type)의 건선 및 아토피 남자 환자 각각 12명과 15명, 그리고 정상대조군 남자 각각 10명으로부터 가톨릭의과대학 생명윤리심의위원회의 승인을 받아 연구에 대한 설명문을 충분히 이해하고 동의한 자발적 참여자를 대상으로 선정하였다.
Catholic medical school from 12 and 15 male patients with plaque type psoriasis and atopy, respectively, and 10 male patients in the normal control group, among
<1-2> <1-2> NaiveNaive CD4CD4 ++ T 세포의 분리 Isolation of T cells
상기 연구 대상자들로부터 말초혈액 약 60-120 ml을 채취한 후, 2mM EDTA와 인산완충용액이 들어있는 생리식염수로 1배씩 희석한 다음, Ficoll-hypaque density gradient 방법을 통하여 말초혈액단핵세포(PBMC; Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell)를 분리하였다.
After collecting about 60-120 ml of peripheral blood from the study subjects, it was diluted one-fold with physiological saline containing 2 mM EDTA and phosphate buffer solution, and then peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell) was isolated.
Naive CD4+ T cell isolation kit II(Order no.130-094-131, MACScell separation reagent, Miltenyi Biotec Inc, 독일)을 이용하여, 상기 Kit의 매뉴얼에 따라 biotin-conjugated antibody cocktail과 biotin micro-bead를 분리된 PMBC에 처리하여 Naive CD4+ T cell을 분리하였다.
Using Naive CD4 + T cell isolation kit II (Order no.130-094-131, MACScell separation reagent, Miltenyi Biotec Inc, Germany), separate biotin-conjugated antibody cocktail and biotin micro-bead according to the manual of the kit. The resulting PMBC was treated to isolate Naive CD4 + T cells.
분리된 세포들이 Naive CD4+ T 세포가 맞는지 검증하기 위하여, 분리된 세포를 4℃에서 5분 동안 1000rpm으로 원심분리 한 후, 세포를 인산완충용액(PBS, phosphate buffer solution) 1ml로 희석한 후, -20℃ 에탄올 4ml을 넣어 4℃에서 1시간 고정하였다. 고정된 세포를 원심분리한 후, PBS 1ml에 희석하고 100ul (1㎎/ml)의 항체(FITC Anti-Human CD45RA (Cat. 555488, BD Biosciences, 미국), PE Anti-Human CD4 (Cat. 12-0049-71, eBioscience, 미국))를 첨가하고 상온에서 5~10분간 반응시킨 후, 유세포분석기(FACS Calibur (Beckon Dickinson, 미국))로 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 분리된 세포의 90% 이상이 Naive CD4+ T 세포임을 확인할 수 있었다.
To verify that the separated cells are Naive CD4 + T cells, the separated cells were centrifuged at 4°C for 5 minutes at 1000 rpm, and then the cells were diluted with 1 ml of a phosphate buffer solution (PBS). -20℃ 4ml of ethanol was added and fixed at 4℃ for 1 hour. After centrifuging the immobilized cells, it was diluted in 1 ml of PBS and 100 ul (1 mg/ml) of antibody (FITC Anti-Human CD45RA (Cat. 555488, BD Biosciences, USA), PE Anti-Human CD4 (Cat. 12-). 0049-71, eBioscience, USA)) was added and reacted at room temperature for 5-10 minutes, and then analyzed with a flow cytometer (FACS Calibur (Beckon Dickinson, USA)). As a result, it was confirmed that more than 90% of the isolated cells were Naive CD4 + T cells.
<1-3> <1-3> NaiveNaive CD4CD4 ++ T 세포의 T cell genomicgenomic DNADNA 분리 Separation
상기 검증된 Naive CD4+ T 세포로부터 QIAGEN 사의 DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit(Cat. 69504, QIAGEN, 독일)을 이용하여 genomic DNA를 얻었다. 상기 Kit의 매뉴얼(Blood and Body Fluid Spin Protocol)에 따라 실험을 진행하였다. Proteinase K를 처리한 Naive CD4+ T 세포를 완충용액으로 용해하고 시료를 DNA spin column에 넣고 8000 rpm에서 원심분리 하였다. Column 에 흡착된 DNA를 washing buffer로 씻은 후 elution buffer를 이용하여 분리하였다. 분리된 genomic DNA의 양 및 순도를 자외선 분광광도 비색 측정법으로 측정하였다.
Genomic DNA was obtained from the verified Naive CD4 + T cells using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Cat. 69504, QIAGEN, Germany) of QIAGEN. Experiments were conducted according to the kit's manual (Blood and Body Fluid Spin Protocol). Proteinase K-treated Naive CD4+ T cells were dissolved in a buffer solution, and the sample was placed on a DNA spin column and centrifuged at 8000 rpm. The DNA adsorbed on the column was washed with a washing buffer and then separated using an elution buffer. The amount and purity of the isolated genomic DNA were measured by UV spectrophotometric colorimetric measurement.
분리된 genomic DNA 양을 측정한 결과, 약 1,800 내지 20,000 ng 이었으며, gDNA의 순도(260/280)는 1.9 내지 2.1 정도로 측정되었다.
As a result of measuring the amount of isolated genomic DNA, it was about 1,800 to 20,000 ng, and the purity of gDNA (260/280) was measured to be about 1.9 to 2.1.
<< 실시예Example 2> 2>
NaiveNaive
CD4CD4
++
T 세포와 대조군의 Of T cells and control
DNADNA
methylationmethylation
비교 compare
<2-1> 메틸화된 <2-1> methylated DNADNA 의 선택적 분리Selective separation of
메틸화된 DNA 선별를 위해 MIRA(Methylated CpG Island Recovery Assay)를 BMC Med Genomics. 2011 Dec 2;4:82, J Thorac Oncol. 2012 Jan;7(1):20-33.에 기재된 방법에 따라 실시하였다. 먼저 Genomic DNA의 TTAA 서열을 인식하여 자르는 제한효소 MseI (5’-TTAA)를 이용하여 CpG를 포함하지 않는 부위를 자르고, 잘려진 DNA fragment를 linker와 ligation 시켰다. 정제된 methylated DNA fragment를 GST-MBD2b와 His-MBD3L1 단백질과 결합시킨 후 비특이적 결합의 DNA는 없애고 RNase A(100 ug, Qiagen)와 Proteinase K(15ug, Qiagen)가 포함된 TE 버퍼(Tris-HCl-EDTA 버퍼) 30ul을 이용하여 결합된 DNA를 회수하였다.
For methylated DNA selection, MIRA (Methylated CpG Island Recovery Assay) was used in BMC Med Genomics. 2011
<2-2> 분리한 <2-2> separated DNADNA 의 of PCRPCR 과정 process
MIRA 단계에서 마련된 DNA fragment를 linker primer(upper strand sequence, 5-TAGAATTCAGATCTCCCG-3 (서열번호 9), lower strand sequence, 3-CTTAAGTCTAGAGGGCCCAGTGGCG-5(서열번호 10))를 이용하여 PCR하여 linear amplification하였다. 증폭된 DNA를 gel electrophoresis 방법으로 분리하여 200-500 bp 정도의 DNA를 확인한 후 gel extraction을 통하여 분리하였다. 분리한 DNA는 llumina GA sequencing (Illumina Inc, 미국)을 이용하여 Genome-wide한 methylation을 분석하였다. Sequence tags 는 Solexa Analysis Pipeline (version 0.3.0)을 이용하여 the University of California Santa Cruz [UCSC, (http://genome.ucsc.edu)] hg18 database를 기초로한 NCBI Build 36.1 assembly 의 human genome 에 맵핑되었다. 맵핑된 sequencing 결과는 UCSC Genome Browser 에 호환되었고 보다 구체적인 methylation 수치를 비교하기위해 읽혀진 sequencing data를 browser extensible data (BED) 로 변형하였다. 사용된 Tag distribution 은 Poisson distribution을 기초로 진행되었다(Park et al. BMC Medical Genomics 2011, 4:82; J Thorac Oncol. 2012;7: 203).
The DNA fragment prepared in the MIRA step was linear amplified by PCR using a linker primer (upper strand sequence, 5-TAGAATTCAGATCTCCCG-3 (SEQ ID NO: 9), lower strand sequence, 3-CTTAAGTCTAGAGGGCCCAGTGGCG-5 (SEQ ID NO: 10)). The amplified DNA was separated by gel electrophoresis, and DNA of about 200-500 bp was identified, and then separated through gel extraction. The isolated DNA was analyzed for genome-wide methylation using llumina GA sequencing (Illumina Inc, USA). Sequence tags were created in the human genome of NCBI Build 36.1 assembly based on the University of California Santa Cruz [UCSC, (http://genome.ucsc.edu)] hg18 database using Solexa Analysis Pipeline (version 0.3.0). Has been mapped. The mapped sequencing results were compatible with the UCSC Genome Browser, and the read sequencing data was transformed into browser extensible data (BED) to compare more specific methylation values. The tag distribution used was based on the Poisson distribution (Park et al. BMC Medical Genomics 2011, 4:82; J Thorac Oncol. 2012;7:203).
하나의 DNA fragment를 200bp 마다 tagging 하여 유전자 부위별로 methylation 이 많은 부분에 tagging 이 많이 되도록 하였다. Methylation 이 많은 부위를 알아내기 위하여 1 kb 마다 mapping 된 DNA fragment 를 genome 안에서 전체 DNA fragment 수와 함께 비교하였다. methylation 정도를 비교하기 위한 값으로 Methylation Enrichment Score(MES)는 genome size (15005528*200 bp) 규모의 전체적인 methylation count 에 의해 조정되었으며, promoter 크기에 의해 (8*200 bp) 200 bp 간격으로 분할된 유전자 methylation count의 평균값을 log2 한 값으로 계산되었다.
By tagging one DNA fragment every 200bp, tagging was carried out in areas with a lot of methylation for each gene site. DNA fragments mapped every 1 kb were compared with the total number of DNA fragments in the genome in order to find out the regions with a lot of methylation. As a value for comparing the degree of methylation, the Methylation Enrichment Score (MES) was adjusted by the overall methylation count of the genome size (15005528*200 bp), and genes divided at 200 bp intervals by the promoter size (8*200 bp). The average value of the methylation count was calculated as log2.
Methylation Enrichment Score(MES)을 구하는 식은 다음과 같다.The equation to obtain the Methylation Enrichment Score (MES) is as follows.
dMES 는 얻어진 환자의 MES 값에서 정상인의 MES 값을 뺀 것으로, 특정 유전자에서 환자군과 정상인군의 methylation 수치의 차이를 나타낸다.
dMES is the obtained patient's MES value minus the normal person's MES value, and represents the difference between the methylation values of the patient group and the normal group in a specific gene.
<2-3> 메틸화 비교 결과<2-3> Methylation comparison result
1) Genome-wide 분석 1) Genome-wide analysis
건선과 아토피 각각의 dMES 값을 이용하여 methylation 차이를 비교해보았다. Genome 전체를 10 kbp 간격으로 나눈 다음, 얻어진 dMES 값을 평균을 내었다.The differences in methylation were compared using dMES values for psoriasis and atopy. The whole genome was divided by 10 kbp intervals, and then the obtained dMES values were averaged.
그 결과, [도 1]에서 보듯 건선 환자에게서 특이적으로 저메틸화(hypomethylation) 된 부위가 관찰되었다. 총 26개 부분에서 특이적으로 아토피에 비해 건선환자에서 hypomethylation 패턴을 보였으며, 이 중 대부분이 동원체(centromere) 와 가까운 부분임을 알 수 있었다. Methylation 변화가 일어난 26개 부위는 하기 [표 1]에서 확인할 수 있다. 이 중에서도 19번 염색체(chr19)에서 건선 환자의 MES가 정상 대조군 환자 MES 보다 3.2165 만큼 적은 것을 알 수 있다. 이는 chr19 에서의 메틸화가 대조군 환자에서 건선 환자보다 8배 이상이나 많이 일어났다는 것을 의미한다.
As a result, as shown in Fig. 1, specific hypomethylated sites were observed in psoriasis patients. A total of 26 sites showed a specific hypomethylation pattern in psoriasis patients compared to atopy, and most of them were found to be close to centromere. The 26 sites where the methylation change occurred can be confirmed in the following [Table 1]. Among these, it can be seen that the MES of the psoriasis patient on chromosome 19 (chr19) is less than that of the normal control patient by 3.2165. This means that methylation at chr19 occurred more than eight times more than those with psoriasis in the control patients.
2) 유전자단위 분석2) Genetic unit analysis
좀 더 구체적인 결과를 얻기 위하여, 유전자단위로 methylation 변화를 알아보았다. 건선과 아토피 각각 염색체별로 promoter 와 gene body 의 methylation 변화를 살펴보았다.In order to obtain more specific results, the change in methylation by gene unit was investigated. Psoriasis and atopy, respectively, were examined for changes in the methylation of promoter and gene body by chromosome.
그 결과, Promoter의 경우 건선의 X 염색체에서 눈에 띄는 과메틸화(hypermethylation) 패턴을 찾아볼 수 있었고, 그에 반해 아토피에서는 큰 변화를 찾아볼 수 없었다(도 2 참조). Gene body의 경우 역시 건선과 아토피 모두 methylation 패턴이 뚜렷하게 변하는 염색체는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 건선 Naive CD4+ T 세포 의 promoter 부분에서 hypermethylation 된 promoter 중 dMES 값이 2 이상(정상과 비교하여 4배이상 methylation 이 증가한)인 유전자를 확인해 본 결과 124개의 유전자를 얻을 수 있었으며, 이들은 모두 CpG island (CpGI) 를 가지고 있었다. 또한 124개의 유전자 중 121개의 유전자가 X 염색체에 위치한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 자세한 유전자 정보는 [표 2]에 기재하였다.As a result, in the case of Promoter, a prominent hypermethylation pattern could be found in the X chromosome of psoriasis, whereas no significant change was found in atopy (see FIG. 2). In the case of the gene body, neither psoriasis nor atopy could find chromosomes whose methylation patterns were clearly changed. Among the hypermethylated promoters in the promoter part of psoriasis Naive CD4+ T cells, dMES values of 2 or more (more than 4 times the methylation compared to normal) were identified, and as a result, 124 genes were obtained, all of which were CpG islands (CpGI ) Had. In addition, it was confirmed that 121 of the 124 genes were located on the X chromosome. Detailed gene information is shown in Table 2.
특히 X 염색체의 EMD 유전자(Ref gene ID: NM_000117)는 dMES 값이 4.92로 메틸화가 30.27배(24.92배) 더 많이 일어났음을 의미한다. 따라서 EMD 유전자의 메틸화를 건선의 예방 및 발견을 위한 바이오마커로 사용할 수 있다.In particular, the EMD gene (Ref gene ID: NM_000117) of the X chromosome had a dMES value of 4.92, which means that methylation took place 30.27 times (2 4.92 times) more. Therefore, methylation of the EMD gene can be used as a biomarker for the prevention and detection of psoriasis.
3) 면역관련 유전자 분석3) Immune-related gene analysis
Gene Ontology server (“immune system” process term (GO:0002376)) 를 이용하여 면역반응과 관련 있는 유전자 1604개를 얻었고, 이를 각각 염색체 별로 1604개를 제외한 유전자들과의 dMES를 비교해보았다. Using the Gene Ontology server (“immune system” process term (GO:0002376)), 1604 genes related to the immune response were obtained, and dMES were compared with genes excluding 1604 for each chromosome.
비교한 결과, X 염색체에서 면역관련 유전자들이 큰 차이로 그렇지 않은 유전자들보다 높은 methylation 수치를 보였고, X 염색체를 제외한 나머지 염색체들에서는 뚜렷한 변화를 보이지 않았다([표 3] 참조).As a result of comparison, the immune-related genes on the X chromosome showed a higher methylation level than those that did not have a large difference, and there was no obvious change in the other chromosomes except for the X chromosome (see Table 3).
[표 3]의 유전자 중 특히 X 염색체의 OTUD5 유전자(Ref gene ID: NM_001136157)는 dMES 값이 4.187로 건선 환자가 정상인에 비하여 18배 이상 메틸화가 나타나는 것을 확인하였다.
Among the genes in Table 3, in particular, the OTUD5 gene of the X chromosome (Ref gene ID: NM_001136157) had a dMES value of 4.187, indicating that the psoriasis patients had 18 times more methylation than the normal ones.
<< 실시예Example 3> 3>
NaiveNaive
CD4CD4
++
T 세포와 대조군의 Of T cells and control
DNADNA
methylationmethylation
비교 compare
건선환자에서 특이적 메틸화 경향을 보인 유전자의 프라이머쌍을 이용하여 메틸화를 비교하였다.Methylation was compared using primer pairs of genes showing a specific methylation tendency in psoriasis patients.
건강한 성인 3명과 건선환자 3명의 Naive CD4+ T 세포의 DNA 2ug을 MseI (NEB) 제한효소를 이용하여 자르고 37℃에서 overnight 하였다. QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN)을 이용하여 각각의 DNA를 정제 한 후, Methylcollector kit (Active Motif, 미국)을 이용하여 methylation 된 DNA만을 얻는다. 실험방법은 Methylcollector kit (Active Motif, 미국) 에 설명된 manufacturers' protocols을 따랐다. Methylcollector kit을 통하여 얻은 각각의 DNA는 HotStarTaq Polymerase (Qiagen, 미국) 에 의하여 증폭되었으며, 처음 95℃ 에서 10 분, 그리고 95℃에서 1 분, 64℃에서 1 분, 72℃에서 1 분을 한 cycle로 37 번을 반복하였다. 마지막으로 72℃에서 10분 동안 방치한 뒤, 1% agarose gel을 이용하여 결과를 확인하였다. 각 PCR에 사용된 프라이머와 PCR product 크기는 [표 4]와 같다.
2ug of DNA from Naive CD4+ T cells of 3 healthy adults and 3 psoriasis patients was cut using MseI (NEB) restriction enzyme and overnight at 37°C. After purifying each DNA using the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN), only methylated DNA is obtained using the methylcollector kit (Active Motif, USA). The test method followed manufacturers' protocols described in the Methylcollector kit (Active Motif, USA). Each DNA obtained through the methylcollector kit was amplified by HotStarTaq Polymerase (Qiagen, USA). The first cycle was at 95℃ for 10 minutes, then at 95℃ for 1 minute, 64℃ for 1 minute, and 72℃ for 1 minute. Repeated 37 times. Finally, after standing at 72°C for 10 minutes, the results were confirmed using 1% agarose gel. The primers and PCR product sizes used in each PCR are shown in [Table 4].
5’-TCATGCCGCTGAGGACC-3’(서열번호 2)5'-TGCCGAGCGCTAGCAAT-3' (SEQ ID NO: 1)
5'-TCATGCCGCTGAGGACC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 2)
5’-GGTGGTCAGCTCGGTATCC-3’ (서열번호 4)5'-CCTCGCGTTGATGACGTT-3' (SEQ ID NO: 3)
5'-GGTGGTCAGCTCGGTATCC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 4)
5’-GCGAGTCCCAGCCTCTTC-3’ (서열번호 6)5'-AGTTCCCCGCAGCCACTC -3' (SEQ ID NO: 5)
5'-GCGAGTCCCAGCCTCTTC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 6)
5’-CCAGCCCTCAGGTACCGT-3’ (서열번호 8)5'-TTGCAGCCTGGACACTAGC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 7)
5'-CCAGCCCTCAGGTACCGT-3' (SEQ ID NO: 8)
그 결과 [도 4]에서 보는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 유전자 프로모터의 메틸화 수준은 정상인에 비하여 건선환자군에서 월등히 높게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다.
As a result, as shown in [Fig. 4], it was confirmed that the methylation level of the gene promoter of the present invention is significantly higher in the psoriasis patient group than in the normal person.
따라서, 본 발명은 건선 진단에 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위한 X 염색체에 위치한 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 검출 방법 및 상기 메틸화 수준을 측정할 수 있는 제제를 포함하는 건선진단용 조성물을 제공한다. 본 발명의 방법 및 조성물은 건선 피부 질환의 진단에 있어 유전학적 정보를 제공할 수 있어 건선 진단에 효과적이어서 산업상 이용가능성이 크다.Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for detecting methylation of a promoter of a gene located on the X chromosome to provide information necessary for the diagnosis of psoriasis, and a composition for diagnosis of psoriasis comprising an agent capable of measuring the methylation level. The method and composition of the present invention can provide genetic information in the diagnosis of psoriasis skin diseases, and thus are effective in diagnosing psoriasis, and thus have great industrial applicability.
<110> catholic univ.
<120> Composition for diagnosing psoriasis
<130> 12-0004
<160> 10
<170> KopatentIn 2.0
<210> 1
<211> 17
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for SLITRK4
<400> 1
tgccgagcgc tagcaat 17
<210> 2
<211> 17
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for SLITRK4
<400> 2
tcatgccgct gaggacc 17
<210> 3
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for EMD
<400> 3
cctcgcgttg atgacgtt 18
<210> 4
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for EMD
<400> 4
ggtggtcagc tcggtatcc 19
<210> 5
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for ZIC3
<400> 5
agttccccgc agccactc 18
<210> 6
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for ZIC3
<400> 6
gcgagtccca gcctcttc 18
<210> 7
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for CXorf40A
<400> 7
ttgcagcctg gacactagc 19
<210> 8
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for CXorf40A
<400> 8
ccagccctca ggtaccgt 18
<210> 9
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> linker primer for upper strand sequence
<400> 9
tagaattcag atctcccg 18
<210> 10
<211> 25
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> linker primer for lower strand sequence
<400> 10
cttaagtcta gagggcccag tggcg 25
<110> catholic univ.
<120> Composition for diagnosing psoriasis
<130> 12-0004
<160> 10
<170> KopatentIn 2.0
<210> 1
<211> 17
<212> DNA
<213> Artificial Sequence
<220>
<223> primer for SLITRK4
<400> 1
Claims (13)
(a) 대상 시료로부터 X 염색체에 위치한 emerin(Homo sapiens emerin, EMD : GenBank Accession No. NM_000117) 유전자의 프로모터의 메틸화 수준을 측정하는 단계; 및
(b) 상기 프로모터의 메틸화 정도를 정상 대조구 시료의 동일 프로모터의 메틸화 수준과 비교하는 단계를 포함하는,
X 염색체에 위치한 emerin(Homo sapiens emerin, EMD : GenBank Accession No. NM_000117) 유전자의 프로모터의 과메틸화(hypermethylation) 검출 방법.
To provide information necessary for psoriasis diagnosis
(a) measuring the methylation level of the promoter of the emerin (Homo sapiens emerin, EMD: GenBank Accession No. NM_000117) gene located on the X chromosome from the target sample; And
(b) comparing the degree of methylation of said promoter with the methylation level of the same promoter of a normal control sample.
A method for detecting hypermethylation of the promoter of the emerin (Homo sapiens emerin, EMD: GenBank Accession No. NM_000117) gene located on the X chromosome.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gene located on the X chromosome is selected from the group consisting of LOC339822 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000033) (GenBank Accession No. NM_000194), PHKA2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001000), MAP3K15 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000194). (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008222), KIAA2022 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001011657), NHSL2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013627), DCAF12L2 GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), CXorf40B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001024455), LONRF3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001031855), SCML1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540 ), PRPS2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001039 091), GPRASP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001099411), MAGIX (GenBank Accession No. (GenBank Accession No. NM_001107876), ANKRD58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127197), CLCN5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740), NDUFB11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135998), OTUD5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001136157), BCAP31 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441 ), PDK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG (GenBank Accession No. NM_001145255), FHL1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2 Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorf58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169574), MBNL3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170704), SRPX (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170750) , CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM TMEM185A (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MJLD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184745), SLITRK4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), PHF8 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184898), MSL3 GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001493), IL13RA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001560), IRAK1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001569 ), SHROOM2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003173), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413), IRS4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13 Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G (GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A (GenBank Accession No. NM_004794) , SOX3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005634), PQBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10 (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_006513), PRICKLE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3 GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A (GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007075), ZNF41 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_012280), PNMA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_013364 ), UBL4A (GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014496), HTATSF1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014735), FAM155B (GenBank Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3 Accession No. NM_015691), APLN (GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_017514), NUDT11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ (GenBank Accession No. NM_018558), SLC10A3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_019848) , PCDH19 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020922), XK (GenBank Acces sion No. (GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A (GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7 GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_053281), SYN1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_133499), DOCK11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B (GenBank Accession No. NM_152424), KLHL34 (GenBank Accession No. NM_153270 ), PTCHDl (GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBE2A (GenBank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024359), LINC00087 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024493) Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228 (GenBank Accession No. NR_027456), LOC100303728 (GenBank Accession No. NR_028443), MIR718 (GenBank Accession No. NR_031757), RAI2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033348) , SCML2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033717), LOC100129662 (GenBank Accession No. Methylation of a promoter of a gene located on at least one X chromosome selected from the group consisting of LOC100506757 (NR_038405), and LOC100506757 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038998).
The method according to claim 1, wherein hypermethylation of a promoter of a gene located on at least one X chromosome selected from the group consisting of SLITRK4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413) and CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908) Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > additionally < / RTI >
The method according to claim 1, wherein the target sample is at least one selected from the group consisting of psoriasis suspect patients, tissues derived from a diagnosis subject, cells, blood and urine.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the cell is a non-contact T cell.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the methylation level is measured by MIRA (methylated-CpG island recovery assay), PCR, methylation specific PCR, real time methylation specific PCR, PCR, quantitative PCR, pyrosequencing, and bisulfite sequencing. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 13 >
A composition for the diagnosis of psoriasis, which comprises an agent for measuring the hypermethylation level of the promoter of the emerin (Homo sapiens emerin, EMD: GenBank Accession No. NM_000117) gene located on the X chromosome.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the LBP is selected from the group consisting of LOC339822 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000033), HPRT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000194) , GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001000), MAP3K15 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001001671), ZDHHC9 GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628, GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628, GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), KIAA2022 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001024455), LONRF3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001031855), SCML1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540), PRPS2 , NM_001039091), GPRASP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001099 411), MAGIX (GenBank Accession No. 2). (GenBank Accession No. NM_001107876), ANKRD58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127197), CLCN5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740), NDUFB11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135998), OTUD5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001136157), BCAP31 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441 ), PDK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG (GenBank Accession No. NM_001145255), FHL1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2 Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorf58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169574), MBNL3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170704), SRPX (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170750) , CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM TMEM185A (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MJLD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184745), SLITRK4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), PHF8 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184898), MSL3 GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001493), IL13RA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001560), IRAK1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001569 ), SHROOM2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003173), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413), IRS4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13 Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G (GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A (GenBank Accession No. NM_004794) , SOX3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005634), PQBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10 (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_006513), PRICKLE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3 GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A (GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007075), ZNF41 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_012280), PNMA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_013364 ), UBL4A (GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014496), HTATSF1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014735), FAM155B (GenBank Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3 Accession No. NM_015691), APLN (GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_017514), NUDT11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ (GenBank Accession No. NM_018558), SLC10A3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_019848) , PCDH19 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020922), XK (GenBank Acces sion No. (GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A (GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7 GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_053281), SYN1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_133499), DOCK11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B (GenBank Accession No. NM_152424), KLHL34 (GenBank Accession No. NM_153270 ), PTCHDl (GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBE2A (GenBank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024359), LINC00087 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024493) Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228 (GenBank Accession No. NR_027456), LOC100303728 (GenBank Accession No. NR_028443), MIR718 (GenBank Accession No. NR_031757), RAI2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033348) , SCML2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033717), LOC100129662 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038405), and LOC100506757 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038998), wherein the promoter of the promoter of one or more genes located on the X chromosome is further measured.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the promoter of one or more genes located on the X chromosome selected from the group consisting of SLITRK4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413) and CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM_001171908) Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > of: < / RTI >
10. The composition according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the agent for measuring the hypermethylation level of the promoter of the gene comprises a primer that specifically binds to the gene.
11. The composition according to claim 10, wherein the primer specifically binding to the gene is a primer selected from the group consisting of primers represented by SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 8.
A kit for psoriasis diagnosis comprising an agent for measuring the hypermethylation level of a promoter of an emerin (Homo sapiens emerin, EMD: GenBank Accession No. NM_000117) gene located on the X chromosome.
13. The method according to claim 12, wherein LOC339822 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033880), FKBP6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003602), TRIM50 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178125), ABCD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000033), HPRT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000194) , GenBank Accession No. NM_000292), G6PD (GenBank Accession No. NM_000402), NR0B1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_000475), RPL39 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001000), MAP3K15 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001001671), ZDHHC9 GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628, GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628, GenBank Accession No. NM_001013628), KIAA2022 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001008537), DNASE1L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001009934), ZMAT1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001013845), VMA21 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001017980), RGAG4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001024455), LONRF3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001031855), SCML1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001037540), PRPS2 , NM_001039091), GPRASP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_00109 9411), MAGIX (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_001107876), ANKRD58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001105576), MECP2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001110792), CASK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001126054), ELF4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127197), CLCN5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001127899), FAM58A GenBank Accession No. NM_001130997), FAM127B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001134321), PNCK (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135740), NDUFB11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001135998), OTUD5 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001136157), BCAP31 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001139441 ), PDK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142386), DKC1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001142463), IKBKG (GenBank Accession No. NM_001145255), FHL1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001159703), FAM104B (GenBank Accession No. NM_001166704), MAP7D2 Accession No. NM_001168465), CNKSR2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001168649), AFF2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169124), CXorf58 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001169574), MBNL3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170704), SRPX (GenBank Accession No. NM_001170750) , CXorf40A (GenBank Accession No. NM TMEM185A (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_001174092), MJLD1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001177465), PPP1R3F (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184745), SLITRK4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184750), PHF8 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001184898), MSL3 GenBank Accession No. NM_001204467), DUSP9 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001395), GPC4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001448), GDI1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001493), IL13RA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001560), IRAK1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001569 ), SHROOM2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_001649), MPP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_002436), SUV39H1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003173), ZIC3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003413), IRS4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_003604), FGF13 Accession No. NM_004114), IDH3G (GenBank Accession No. NM_004135), NDUFA1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004541), RPS6KA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_004586), RAB33A (GenBank Accession No. NM_004794) , SOX3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005634), PQBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_005710), RPL10 (GenBank Accession No. < / RTI > (GenBank Accession No. NM_006513), PRICKLE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006150), SSR4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006280), SLC16A2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006517), TFE3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_006521), RBM3 GenBank Accession No. NM_006743), RNF113A (GenBank Accession No. NM_006978), WDR45 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007075), ZNF41 (GenBank Accession No. NM_007130), FTSJ1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_012280), PNMA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_013364 ), UBL4A (GenBank Accession No. NM_014235), RPS6KA6 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014496), HTATSF1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014500), PHF16 (GenBank Accession No. NM_014735), FAM155B (GenBank Accession No. NM_015686), WWC3 Accession No. NM_015691), APLN (GenBank Accession No. NM_017413), PLXNA3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_017514), NUDT11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_018159), GABRQ (GenBank Accession No. NM_018558), SLC10A3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_019848) , PCDH19 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020766), WNK3 (GenBank Accession No. NM_020922), XK (GenBank Acces sion No. (GenBank Accession No. NM_021083), FAM3A (GenBank Accession No. NM_021806), TMEM47 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031442), CD99L2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031462), SH3KBP1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_031892), PDZD4 (GenBank Accession No. NM_032512), SLC9A7 GenBank Accession No. NM_032591), DACH2 (GenBank Accession No. NM_053281), SYN1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_133499), DOCK11 (GenBank Accession No. NM_144658), FAM123B (GenBank Accession No. NM_152424), KLHL34 (GenBank Accession No. NM_153270 ), PTCHDl (GenBank Accession No. NM_173495), DCAF12L1 (GenBank Accession No. NM_178470), UBE2A (GenBank Accession No. NM_181762), LINC00086 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024359), LINC00087 (GenBank Accession No. NR_024493) Accession No. NR_026545), LOC158572 (GenBank Accession No. NR_026742), LOC100272228 (GenBank Accession No. NR_027456), LOC100303728 (GenBank Accession No. NR_028443), MIR718 (GenBank Accession No. NR_031757), RAI2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033348) , SCML2 (GenBank Accession No. NR_033717), LOC100129662 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038405), and LOC100506757 (GenBank Accession No. NR_038998), wherein the hypermethylation level of the promoter of at least one gene located on the X chromosome is further measured.
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